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Anode Supported Thin Zirconia Based Cells for Intermediate Temperature SOFC
Abstract
Ni-YSZ anode supports show a fundamentally different microstructure from screenprinted Ni-YSZ anodes on YSZ electrolyte supports. Of high density and composed of fine zirconia and nickel oxide to allow for cofiring with a thin zirconia electrolyte film (5 µm), the anode support shows advantages of adequate strength and increased electrochemical activity probably not only limited to the TPB, unlike screen printed porous anodes. Areas up to 100 cm2 have been fabricated. Electrochemical cell testing produced results of >80% fuel utilisation, 35% electrical efficiency and >20 W at 800°C using hydrogen fuel. Unusually high ohmic loss (*3 x theoretical) on supported cells is consistently observed. The smallest loss is measured when employing thin dense cathodes of a mixed conducting material. Overall cell performance (at *800 °C) is more determined by the cathode than by the anode support.
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Active sites for oxygen reduction were investigated at the interface of Oâ/La{sub 0.9}Sr{sub 0.1}MnO{sub 3-x} (LSM)/yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Isotopic oxygen (¹â¶O/¹â¸O) exchange under cathodic polarization and secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis were examined to visualize the oxygen reduction active sites. The LSM mesh pattern electrode was prepared to define the contact area of LSM/YSZ. Under cathodic polarization, oxygen can diffuse through the dense LSM via oxygen vacancy, which promotes the electrode reaction. By SIMS imaging technique, the active sites for oxygen reduction were clearly determined as spots around the Oâ/LSM/YSZ three-phase boundary. The line analysis of the SIMS image enabled the authors to draw a contour map of the ¹â¸O concentration in the cross section of YSZ. The diffusion paths were clearly visualized in the contour map. The width of the active sites for oxygen reduction is estimated to be less than 1 μm under the examined condition.
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