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A narrative review on use of biomaterials in
achieving SDG 9: build resilient infrastructure,
promote sustainable industrialization and foster
innovation
Rajat Gera1*, Priyanka Chadha2, Sonali P Banerjee3, Mona Sharma4, Amit Kumar Pandey4,
Shivani Kampani5, Saurav Dixit6, Suresh Kumar Tummala7, M. Abdulfadhil Gatea8,9
1Director Research, Woxsen University, Hyderabad, Telengana
2Amity business school, amity university Noida , India
3Amity business school, amity university Noida , India
4Manav Rachna University Faridabad, India
5K R Manglam University , India
6 Division of Research & Innovation, Uttaranchal University, India
7 Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, INDIA
8 Technical Engineering Department College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University,
Najaf, Iraq
9 Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Kufa.
Abstract This study aims to address the gaps in the existing literature on
the use of biomaterials in achieving SDG 9, identify gaps in current
knowledge, and provide insights for future research directions. A narrative
review of 62 papers published between 1996-mid 2023 in which use of
biomaterials in achieving SDG 9 ( build resilient infrastructure, promote
sustainable industrialization and foster innovation) shows that biomaterials
have great potential to transform the construction and infrastructure
industries by providing sustainable, biodegradable, and cost-effective
alternatives to traditional materials. The use of biomaterials and new
technologies in various industries has the potential to create significant
economic, social, and environmental impacts. However, realizing these
benefits requires investment in research and development, improving
production processes, and creating policies that support the use of
sustainable biomaterials. There is a need to consider the sustainability and
environmental impact of biomaterials in various applications, including
medical devices, orthopedic biomaterials, and biofuels, among others. Their
development and implementation may require supportive policy and
governance frameworks. Future research directions can focus on several
areas such as optimization of biocompatibility and biodegradability of
biomaterials, developing scalable and cost-effective manufacturing
processes for sustainable biomaterials.
* Corresponding Author: geraim43@gmail.com
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
E3S Web of Conferences 391, 01180 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339101180
ICMED-ICMPC 2023
Keywords: sustainable biomaterials, literature review, environmentally
friendly products, sustainable technologies
1. Introduction:
"Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" [1] was accepted
by the UN General Assembly on November 25, 2015. The 2030 Agenda emphasises the
attainment of sustainable development for all by building on the idea of "leaving no one
behind" and asks for cooperative partnerships at all levels. Since their implementation on
January 1, 2016, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have served as the primary
benchmark for development policies designed to promote sustainability in all its dimensions,
including economic, social, and environmental, until 2030. Countries' advancement towards
meeting each SDG is tracked through the SDG index and Dashboards [2]. SDG-9 indicators
that apply to the industrial sector. Manufacturing may be helpful for creating long-term plans
for (re-)industrialization in certain nations, but it is impossible to set a standard global
threshold for such plans [3].
Biomaterials are substances made from living things or their byproducts, and they have a
wide range of uses in a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, and the
medical field. Several ways that biomaterials can aid in achieving SDG 9 include:
1.1 Innovation: Biomaterials research and development can result in the development of
brand-new, environmentally friendly products and technology. Biomaterials, for instance, can
be utilized to create biodegradable polymers, which can lower pollution and plastic waste.
Research and development in biomaterials can result in the development of innovative,
environmentally friendly products and technology. Biomaterials, for instance, can be utilized
to create biodegradable polymers, which can lower pollution and plastic waste. In addition,
biomaterials can be employed to develop novel medical devices, such as implantable
materials with improved biocompatibility and tissue integration. Over time, this may lead to
better patient outcomes and lower healthcare expenditures. High-tech enterprises may be
more environmentally friendly than other industries from a technological and innovative
standpoint since they produce less pollution [4]. For instance, the recycling sector is the ideal
option for generating continuous growth because it creates equity and jobs while also being
ecologically benign [5]. According to Chakraborty and Mazzanti [6], boosting research and
development spending on green energy technology is crucial for cutting down on energy
intensity.
New and better infrastructure, such as structures and bridges, can be created using
biomaterials. For instance, tougher and more resilient concrete can be produced using
biomaterials, which over time may help to lower maintenance and repair costs. Buildings and
bridges can be constructed using biomaterials in new and improved ways. By adding
components like bamboo, straw, or hemp fibres to concrete, for instance, biomaterials can be
employed to make it stronger and more resilient. Concrete's performance can be improved
by these materials, increasing its resilience to dangers like earthquakes and fire. Additionally,
self-healing fabrics that can fix rips and damage on their own can be made using biomaterials,
which eliminates the need for pricey repairs and upkeep. SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and
infrastructure) includes infrastructure; however it is widely acknowledged that infrastructure
helps sustainable development in a variety of ways [7],[8].
1.2 Industry: By producing and manufacturing items based on biomaterials, for example,
new industries and jobs can be created using biomaterials. Particularly in rural areas, this can
2
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Keywords: sustainable biomaterials, literature review, environmentally
friendly products, sustainable technologies
1. Introduction:
"Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development" [1] was accepted
by the UN General Assembly on November 25, 2015. The 2030 Agenda emphasises the
attainment of sustainable development for all by building on the idea of "leaving no one
behind" and asks for cooperative partnerships at all levels. Since their implementation on
January 1, 2016, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have served as the primary
benchmark for development policies designed to promote sustainability in all its dimensions,
including economic, social, and environmental, until 2030. Countries' advancement towards
meeting each SDG is tracked through the SDG index and Dashboards [2]. SDG-9 indicators
that apply to the industrial sector. Manufacturing may be helpful for creating long-term plans
for (re-)industrialization in certain nations, but it is impossible to set a standard global
threshold for such plans [3].
Biomaterials are substances made from living things or their byproducts, and they have a
wide range of uses in a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, and the
medical field. Several ways that biomaterials can aid in achieving SDG 9 include:
1.1 Innovation: Biomaterials research and development can result in the development of
brand-new, environmentally friendly products and technology. Biomaterials, for instance, can
be utilized to create biodegradable polymers, which can lower pollution and plastic waste.
Research and development in biomaterials can result in the development of innovative,
environmentally friendly products and technology. Biomaterials, for instance, can be utilized
to create biodegradable polymers, which can lower pollution and plastic waste. In addition,
biomaterials can be employed to develop novel medical devices, such as implantable
materials with improved biocompatibility and tissue integration. Over time, this may lead to
better patient outcomes and lower healthcare expenditures. High-tech enterprises may be
more environmentally friendly than other industries from a technological and innovative
standpoint since they produce less pollution [4]. For instance, the recycling sector is the ideal
option for generating continuous growth because it creates equity and jobs while also being
ecologically benign [5]. According to Chakraborty and Mazzanti [6], boosting research and
development spending on green energy technology is crucial for cutting down on energy
intensity.
New and better infrastructure, such as structures and bridges, can be created using
biomaterials. For instance, tougher and more resilient concrete can be produced using
biomaterials, which over time may help to lower maintenance and repair costs. Buildings and
bridges can be constructed using biomaterials in new and improved ways. By adding
components like bamboo, straw, or hemp fibres to concrete, for instance, biomaterials can be
employed to make it stronger and more resilient. Concrete's performance can be improved
by these materials, increasing its resilience to dangers like earthquakes and fire. Additionally,
self-healing fabrics that can fix rips and damage on their own can be made using biomaterials,
which eliminates the need for pricey repairs and upkeep. SDG 9 (industry, innovation, and
infrastructure) includes infrastructure; however it is widely acknowledged that infrastructure
helps sustainable development in a variety of ways [7],[8].
1.2 Industry: By producing and manufacturing items based on biomaterials, for example,
new industries and jobs can be created using biomaterials. Particularly in rural areas, this can
support economic growth and development. In the creation and manufacture of products
based on biomaterials, for example, biomaterials have the potential to launch new businesses
and generate employment. This can encourage economic growth and development, especially
in rural places where resources from the area can be used to make biomaterials. For instance,
making bioplastics from plant-based materials like corn or sugarcane may open up new
commercial options for farmers and small companies. Additionally, the usage of biomaterials
can lessen dependency on petrochemicals and fossil fuels, improving the sustainability and
long-term resilience of industries.
There have been numerous evaluations of the literature on biomaterials and how they might
help achieve SDG 9. Here are a few illustrations of their conclusions:
The authors examined the function of biomaterials in sustainable development in a review
article that was published in the Journal of Materials Science. They emphasized how
biomaterials might potentially open up new doors for economic expansion and development,
particularly in rural areas. They also talked about how using biomaterials may help different
businesses have a less negative influence on the environment, including using biodegradable
plastics to cut down on pollution and waste from plastics. The potential for biomaterials to
enhance healthcare outcomes was also mentioned, including the creation of implantable
materials that would better integrate with the patient's tissues. Ashby defines sustainable
material as “a material [which] must be drawn from a source that is renewable, either because
it grows as fast as we use it or because it reverts to its original state on natural decay and does
so in an acceptable time span” [9]. The resource and the material must be a part of the
nitrogen, carbon, or hydrological cycles of nature, allowing the nitrogen, carbon, and water
to be recycled.
Another review article on biomaterials' potential to support a circular economy was written
by the authors and published in the Journal of Cleaner Production. They talked about the
creation of bioplastics from renewable resources as an example of how biomaterials might
be used to make more environmentally friendly goods and procedures. They also emphasised
how biomaterials have the potential to enhance the environmental performance of numerous
businesses, such as the construction industry, which may employ biomaterials to build more
resilient and sustainable infrastructure. The SDGs provide a mandate for integrated
infrastructure planning to ensure long-term sustainable development. The SDGs encompass
and integrate all the existing efforts to enhance sustainability, including the Paris Agreement,
the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and the New Urban Agenda [10]-12.
The authors of a third review article looked at how biomaterials might help with the UN's
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the journal Frontiers in Bioengineering and
Biotechnology. They emphasised how biomaterials have the ability to address a variety of
environmental, economic, and social issues, such as lowering pollution and waste plastic,
enhancing healthcare outcomes, and generating new business opportunities. They also talked
on how crucial interdisciplinary cooperation is to the creation and application of biomaterial-
based solutions for the SDGs.
However Many literature reviews base their assertions regarding the potential of biomaterials
on theoretical justifications and case examples. More empirical data are needed to verify
these assertions and determine the precise contribution of biomaterials to the achievement of
SDG 9. There is a need for more specialised studies that look at the unique opportunities and
constraints in each business, even while certain literature reviews mention the potential of
biomaterials in different industries. Consider an assessment that is primarily concerned with
the construction sector and how biomaterials may help that sector achieve SDG 9. While
biomaterials may help achieve SDG 9, there are also social and ethical issues that must be
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taken into account. For instance, the usage of biomaterials may have unforeseen
repercussions for nearby populations, such as the displacement of customary means of
subsistence or an uneven distribution of advantages. A supporting policy and governance
framework may be needed for the development and implementation of biomaterials, even if
they have the potential to help achieve SDG 9. To ensure that biomaterials are created and
used in a sustainable and fair manner, further study is required on the policy and governance
elements of biomaterials [13-15].
To summarise and assess the state of research on the usage of biomaterials in reaching SDG
9, a narrative review on the topic of biomaterials and SDG 9 is helpful. SDG 9 seeks to
advance resilient infrastructure development, encourage innovation, and advance sustainable
industry. By making it possible to develop novel, sustainable goods, increase the resilience
of infrastructure, and generate new employment possibilities, biomaterials have the potential
to make a significant contribution to the accomplishment of these objectives.
The purpose of this study is to fill in information gaps regarding the use of biomaterials in
accomplishing SDG 9 and to offer suggestions for future research initiatives. This analysis
can assist in identifying the main obstacles and openings related to the use of biomaterials in
achieving SDG 9.
The study can also highlight effective case studies and best practises for applying
biomaterials across a range of sectors and applications, guiding decision-makers, companies,
and researchers to embrace sustainable biomaterials practises. The review can help to
implement sustainable biomaterials practises and advance SDG 9 by disseminating this
knowledge.
2. Literature review:
In order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9), which is focused on creating
resilient infrastructure, advancing sustainable industrialization, and encouraging innovation,
biomaterials have the potential to make a substantial contribution.
Numerous studies have looked into how biomaterials might help SDG 9 advance. The
potential of biomaterials in sustainable construction and packaging is covered, for instance,
in "Sustainable biomaterials: current trends, challenges and applications in the construction
and packaging industries" (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020). The authors contend that
biomaterials can mitigate these industries' negative environmental effects and advance
sustainable growth.
Similar to this, "Biomaterials for Sustainable Development: A Review" (Advanced
Engineering Materials, 2019) gives a summary of how biomaterials could help SDG 9
advance. The authors go over how biomaterials might encourage innovation, aid in the
creation of resilient infrastructure, and support sustainable industrialization.
The potential of agro-industrial waste as a source of biomaterials is examined in the article
"From waste to resource: exploring the potential of agro-industrial waste for the production
of biomaterials" (Journal of Cleaner synthesis, 2021). The authors contend that utilising
garbage as a resource can advance the circular economy and support sustainable
industrialization, which are essential elements of SDG 9.
The role of biomaterials in attaining the SDGs is covered in another study, "The Role of
Biomaterials in Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals"
(Biomaterials Science, 2020), which touches on SDG 9. The authors contend that
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taken into account. For instance, the usage of biomaterials may have unforeseen
repercussions for nearby populations, such as the displacement of customary means of
subsistence or an uneven distribution of advantages. A supporting policy and governance
framework may be needed for the development and implementation of biomaterials, even if
they have the potential to help achieve SDG 9. To ensure that biomaterials are created and
used in a sustainable and fair manner, further study is required on the policy and governance
elements of biomaterials [13-15].
To summarise and assess the state of research on the usage of biomaterials in reaching SDG
9, a narrative review on the topic of biomaterials and SDG 9 is helpful. SDG 9 seeks to
advance resilient infrastructure development, encourage innovation, and advance sustainable
industry. By making it possible to develop novel, sustainable goods, increase the resilience
of infrastructure, and generate new employment possibilities, biomaterials have the potential
to make a significant contribution to the accomplishment of these objectives.
The purpose of this study is to fill in information gaps regarding the use of biomaterials in
accomplishing SDG 9 and to offer suggestions for future research initiatives. This analysis
can assist in identifying the main obstacles and openings related to the use of biomaterials in
achieving SDG 9.
The study can also highlight effective case studies and best practises for applying
biomaterials across a range of sectors and applications, guiding decision-makers, companies,
and researchers to embrace sustainable biomaterials practises. The review can help to
implement sustainable biomaterials practises and advance SDG 9 by disseminating this
knowledge.
2. Literature review:
In order to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG 9), which is focused on creating
resilient infrastructure, advancing sustainable industrialization, and encouraging innovation,
biomaterials have the potential to make a substantial contribution.
Numerous studies have looked into how biomaterials might help SDG 9 advance. The
potential of biomaterials in sustainable construction and packaging is covered, for instance,
in "Sustainable biomaterials: current trends, challenges and applications in the construction
and packaging industries" (Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020). The authors contend that
biomaterials can mitigate these industries' negative environmental effects and advance
sustainable growth.
Similar to this, "Biomaterials for Sustainable Development: A Review" (Advanced
Engineering Materials, 2019) gives a summary of how biomaterials could help SDG 9
advance. The authors go over how biomaterials might encourage innovation, aid in the
creation of resilient infrastructure, and support sustainable industrialization.
The potential of agro-industrial waste as a source of biomaterials is examined in the article
"From waste to resource: exploring the potential of agro-industrial waste for the production
of biomaterials" (Journal of Cleaner synthesis, 2021). The authors contend that utilising
garbage as a resource can advance the circular economy and support sustainable
industrialization, which are essential elements of SDG 9.
The role of biomaterials in attaining the SDGs is covered in another study, "The Role of
Biomaterials in Achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals"
(Biomaterials Science, 2020), which touches on SDG 9. The authors contend that
biomaterials can enable resilient infrastructure development, encourage innovation, and
support sustainable industrialization [16-19].
Overall, the body of research points to the tremendous potential of biomaterials to advance
SDG 9 through sustainable industry, innovation, and the support of resilient infrastructure
[20]. To fully realise the potential of biomaterials in achieving these objectives, additional
study and development are necessary.
3. Results and discussion:
The chosen articles discuss a variety of biomaterials and biofuels-related subjects, such as
the commercialization of bacterial nanocellulose, advances in orthopaedic surgery, additive
manufacturing for biomedical applications, and new developments in the medical device
sector. Other subjects covered include the use of sensors in the forest products business,
biomaterials in automation, sustainable manufacturing, lignin biorefinery optimisation, and
sustainable manufacturing. The articles also discuss how machine learning and digitization
are used in bio-based value chains, as well as how optical coherence tomography is used to
monitor the additive manufacture of biomedical components. The articles cover a range of
topics related to the difficulties and possibilities of creating and commercialising biomaterials
and goods made from living organisms, like nanocellulose and polylactides. The papers
examine 3D printing and the use of sophisticated materials in biomedical applications, with
an emphasis on bone screws and orthopaedic implants. A few of the studies also cover the
function of sensors in the bioeconomy of forests and their products, as well as the possibility
of synthetic biology to produce new high-tech materials. There are also studies on waste
biomaterial utilisation in innovation markets and optimisation of lignin biorefinery.
The majority of them, notably in the industrial and medical domains, are concentrated on
various elements of biomaterials and additive manufacturing. The use of bacterial
nanocellulose in medical devices, opportunities and obstacles for innovation in the medical
device sector, and the function of biomaterials in automation are a few of the subjects
discussed. The intersection of technology and manufacturing, such as advancements in
additive manufacturing and the use of sensors in the forest products industry, are also covered
in articles, as are specific materials and processes like the use of polylactides in
biomanufacturing and selective laser melting of biomaterials. The articles' overall themes
point to a strong focus on innovation and sustainability in manufacturing techniques and
materials, particularly in the context of the industrial and medical sectors. Overall, the essays
emphasise the prospects and problems in the field of biofuels and biomaterials research,
which is varied and interdisciplinary.
These subjects are associated with the objective of supporting innovation, encouraging
sustainable industrialization, and creating resilient infrastructure. In addition to addressing
the need for dependable and flexible infrastructure, they emphasise the significance of
creating and utilising new technologies and materials to build more effective and sustainable
manufacturing processes. In order to address the issues affecting society and the environment,
these subjects also emphasise the significance of encouraging innovation and research across
a range of industries, including healthcare, forestry, and manufacturing.
3.1 Themes that may be determined from the articles:
3.1.1 The use of biomaterials and biofabrication methods: Use of biomaterials and
biofabrication methods the medical device business is the main emphasis of this theme's
discussion on how to create fresh, cutting-edge goods in this sector. By developing devices
that are more biocompatible, long-lasting, and efficient than current ones, the aim is to
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improve patient outcomes. Bacterial nanocellulose, polylactides, and other biodegradable
materials are a few examples of the biomaterials in use.
3.1.2 Focusing on the creation of cutting-edge materials: Focus which can be employed
in additive manufacturing procedures like 3D printing, this field of study. The objective is to
develop materials that are more robust, long-lasting, and adaptable to a variety of uses.
Metals, ceramics, and composite materials are a few examples of advanced materials.
3.1.3 IT infrastructure for longitudinal neuroscience research: is concentrated on the
creation of IT infrastructure that can support longitudinal neuroscience research. The
objective is to make it possible for scientists to gather, store, and analyse massive amounts
of data over extended periods of time. This will advance our knowledge of how the brain
develops and functions, and it might also result in brand-new neurological problems
therapies. The application of synthetic biology techniques to create advanced materials with
unique features is the theme of this section on advanced materials. The objective is to develop
materials that are more biocompatible, sustainable, and flexible for a variety of uses. Genetic
engineering and metabolic engineering are two examples of synthetic biology methods in
use.
The use of sensor technology to increase productivity and sustainability in the forest products
business is the main theme of this article. The objective is to give businesses the tools they
need to better manage and optimise their processes, cut waste, and boost profitability. RFID
tags, GPS tracking, and remote sensing are a few examples of sensor technologies in use.
3.1.4 Digitalization of bio-based value chains: The digitization of bio-based value chains,
which is the integration of digital technology throughout the whole lifespan of bio-based
products, is the main focus of this theme. All along the value chain, efficiency, waste, and
sustainability improvements are desired. Blockchain, the Internet of Things, and machine
learning are some examples of digital technology in use.
3.1.5 Manufacturing of biodegradable materials: The development of manufacturing
techniques for biodegradable materials is the main emphasis of this theme. The objective is
to develop materials with a wide range of applications that will naturally degrade over time
and have a smaller negative impact on the environment. Starch-based polymers, cellulose-
based compounds, and PLA are a few examples of biodegradable materials in use.
3.1.6 Additive manufacturing applications in medical cases: The application of additive
manufacturing processes, including 3D printing, in medical situations is the main focus of
this issue. The objective is to produce specialised implants and devices that are more efficient
and biocompatible than current models. Orthopaedic implants, dental prosthesis, and hearing
aids are a few examples of additive manufacturing usage in medical settings.
3.1.7 Sustainable growth through 3D and 4D printing: The utilisation of 3D and 4D
printing technologies to promote sustainable growth in manufacturing is the main topic of
this area. Reduced waste, increased efficiency, and the development of products with greater
environmental adaptability are the objectives. The manufacturing of automobiles, aerospace
engineering, and building construction are a few examples of applications for 3D and 4D
printing.
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improve patient outcomes. Bacterial nanocellulose, polylactides, and other biodegradable
materials are a few examples of the biomaterials in use.
3.1.2 Focusing on the creation of cutting-edge materials: Focus which can be employed
in additive manufacturing procedures like 3D printing, this field of study. The objective is to
develop materials that are more robust, long-lasting, and adaptable to a variety of uses.
Metals, ceramics, and composite materials are a few examples of advanced materials.
3.1.3 IT infrastructure for longitudinal neuroscience research: is concentrated on the
creation of IT infrastructure that can support longitudinal neuroscience research. The
objective is to make it possible for scientists to gather, store, and analyse massive amounts
of data over extended periods of time. This will advance our knowledge of how the brain
develops and functions, and it might also result in brand-new neurological problems
therapies. The application of synthetic biology techniques to create advanced materials with
unique features is the theme of this section on advanced materials. The objective is to develop
materials that are more biocompatible, sustainable, and flexible for a variety of uses. Genetic
engineering and metabolic engineering are two examples of synthetic biology methods in
use.
The use of sensor technology to increase productivity and sustainability in the forest products
business is the main theme of this article. The objective is to give businesses the tools they
need to better manage and optimise their processes, cut waste, and boost profitability. RFID
tags, GPS tracking, and remote sensing are a few examples of sensor technologies in use.
3.1.4 Digitalization of bio-based value chains: The digitization of bio-based value chains,
which is the integration of digital technology throughout the whole lifespan of bio-based
products, is the main focus of this theme. All along the value chain, efficiency, waste, and
sustainability improvements are desired. Blockchain, the Internet of Things, and machine
learning are some examples of digital technology in use.
3.1.5 Manufacturing of biodegradable materials: The development of manufacturing
techniques for biodegradable materials is the main emphasis of this theme. The objective is
to develop materials with a wide range of applications that will naturally degrade over time
and have a smaller negative impact on the environment. Starch-based polymers, cellulose-
based compounds, and PLA are a few examples of biodegradable materials in use.
3.1.6 Additive manufacturing applications in medical cases: The application of additive
manufacturing processes, including 3D printing, in medical situations is the main focus of
this issue. The objective is to produce specialised implants and devices that are more efficient
and biocompatible than current models. Orthopaedic implants, dental prosthesis, and hearing
aids are a few examples of additive manufacturing usage in medical settings.
3.1.7 Sustainable growth through 3D and 4D printing: The utilisation of 3D and 4D
printing technologies to promote sustainable growth in manufacturing is the main topic of
this area. Reduced waste, increased efficiency, and the development of products with greater
environmental adaptability are the objectives. The manufacturing of automobiles, aerospace
engineering, and building construction are a few examples of applications for 3D and 4D
printing.
3.2 Research questions:
RQ 1: What are the current trends and issues in the research and development of
biomaterials, and how may they be resolved to advance more environmentally friendly and
long-lasting goods and technologies?
The chosen articles all have a similar emphasis on sustainable development, with SDG 9
(Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure) and the application of biomaterials in many fields,
such as manufacturing and medical, receiving special attention. The authors emphasise the
need for more environmentally responsible and sustainable biomaterials, as well as effective
and scalable production methods. The necessity to maximise mechanical qualities, stability,
and biodegradability are some of the problems mentioned. The use of cutting-edge
fabrication methods like 3D printing and electrospinning is recommended as a potential
remedy. Additionally emphasised as crucial elements in fostering the development of socially
and environmentally responsible biomaterials are stakeholder participation and
interdisciplinary collaboration. The adoption of sustainable design principles, the use of
renewable and biodegradable materials, and sustainable production and sourcing practises
are all supported by suggested legislation and regulations. The studies collectively imply that
the creation of sustainable biomaterials can significantly spur innovation, expansion, and
environmental responsibility across a range of businesses.
Article "Biomaterials and Sustainable Development Goals" emphasises the necessity of
biomaterials research and development being in line with SDGs, particularly SDG 9. The
necessity to create more environmentally friendly and biodegradable biomaterials as well as
to optimise their creation and use are just a few of the difficulties raised by the writers. They
also stress the value of interdisciplinary cooperation and stakeholder involvement in ensuring
the socially and environmentally responsible development of biomaterials.
A survey of recent developments in sustainable biomaterials research and development,
including the use of natural fibres, biodegradable polymers, and bio-based composites, may
be found in [11] "Sustainable biomaterials: current trends, challenges, and applications"
(2015). The need to balance the trade-offs between sustainability, performance, and cost as
well as the requirement to create more effective and scalable production processes are some
of the difficulties covered by the authors in this domain. They contend that interdisciplinary
cooperation and the incorporation of life cycle analysis and other sustainability metrics can
aid in resolving these issues and encourage the creation of more environmentally friendly
and sustainable biomaterials.
Zhang et al.'s article "Recent Advances in Biodegradable Materials for Medical Applications"
(2021) focuses on recent advancements in biodegradable biomaterials for medical uses like
medication delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. The necessity to increase
materials' mechanical qualities and stability as well as their biocompatibility and
biodegradability are just a few of the difficulties covered by the authors. They contend that
employing cutting-edge manufacturing methods like 3D printing and electrospinning can
assist in overcoming these difficulties and facilitate the creation of biomaterials for medical
applications that are more efficient and sustainable.
The importance of sustainable biomass production and conversion is emphasised in "The
Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials" in order to lessen reliance on fossil fuels. It
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implies the requirement for better agricultural methods, waste management strategies, and
biomass processing technologies.
The article "Bacterially derived medical devices: How commercialization of bacterial
nanocellulose and other biofabricated products requires challenging of standard industrial
practises" discusses the potential of bacterial nanocellulose as a biomaterial for medical
devices as well as the need for new industrial practises that can manage the complexity of
such materials.
The usage of polylactides in additive biomanufacturing and its promise as sustainable
biomaterials are highlighted in the article "Polylactides in additive biomanufacturing". The
topic of "Advanced Material Strategies for Next-Generation Additive Manufacturing"
includes sustainable biomaterial utilisation as one of the advanced material strategies for
additive manufacturing. "Recent Trends and Innovation in Additive Manufacturing of Soft
Functional Materials" examines contemporary trends and breakthroughs in the production of
soft functional materials, including biomaterials.
"Challenges and Opportunities of Medical Device Industry Innovation" The "ESB 2015
Translational Research Symposium" covers the potential and issues facing the medical device
sector, including the demand for biocompatible and sustainable biomaterials.
The article "Additive manufacturing for biomedical applications: a review on classification,
energy consumption, and its appreciable role since COVID-19 pandemic" discusses the use
of sustainable biomaterials in additive manufacturing for biomedical applications.
The article "Cassava Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications" discusses the
potential of cassava biomass, an abundant and renewable source, as a sustainable biomaterial
for different industries and emphasises how cassava can be used to make bioplastics,
packaging materials, and biofuels, among other things. The difficulties of scaling up the
manufacturing of cassava-based biomaterials and the requirement for additional research and
development in this field are also covered by the writers. The use of an environmentally
conscious workflow for 3D extrusion of multi-biomaterial lattices, which can be utilised for
tissue engineering and other biomedical applications, is described in the article "3D extrusion
of multi-biomaterial lattices using an environmentally informed workflow". The authors
discuss the difficulties involved with 3D printing of biomaterials, such as the need to optimise
printing parameters, ensure reproducibility, and improve the mechanical properties of printed
constructs, and emphasise the significance of using sustainable biomaterials to reduce the
environmental impact of the process.
The book "Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Progress in Biology, Manufacturing, and Industry
Perspectives" examines the advancements made in the study and usage of orthopaedic
biomaterials, particularly sustainable biomaterials. The pros and cons of the various
biomaterials, including ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites, employed in
orthopaedic applications are covered by the writers. Additionally, they emphasise the
significance of taking into account the environmental impact and sustainability of
orthopaedic biomaterials as well as the requirement to develop more environmentally
friendly and biodegradable materials. Finally, the authors talk on the difficulties in applying
orthopaedic biomaterials research to clinical practise and the necessity of interdisciplinary
cooperation to overcome these difficulties.
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implies the requirement for better agricultural methods, waste management strategies, and
biomass processing technologies.
The article "Bacterially derived medical devices: How commercialization of bacterial
nanocellulose and other biofabricated products requires challenging of standard industrial
practises" discusses the potential of bacterial nanocellulose as a biomaterial for medical
devices as well as the need for new industrial practises that can manage the complexity of
such materials.
The usage of polylactides in additive biomanufacturing and its promise as sustainable
biomaterials are highlighted in the article "Polylactides in additive biomanufacturing". The
topic of "Advanced Material Strategies for Next-Generation Additive Manufacturing"
includes sustainable biomaterial utilisation as one of the advanced material strategies for
additive manufacturing. "Recent Trends and Innovation in Additive Manufacturing of Soft
Functional Materials" examines contemporary trends and breakthroughs in the production of
soft functional materials, including biomaterials.
"Challenges and Opportunities of Medical Device Industry Innovation" The "ESB 2015
Translational Research Symposium" covers the potential and issues facing the medical device
sector, including the demand for biocompatible and sustainable biomaterials.
The article "Additive manufacturing for biomedical applications: a review on classification,
energy consumption, and its appreciable role since COVID-19 pandemic" discusses the use
of sustainable biomaterials in additive manufacturing for biomedical applications.
The article "Cassava Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications" discusses the
potential of cassava biomass, an abundant and renewable source, as a sustainable biomaterial
for different industries and emphasises how cassava can be used to make bioplastics,
packaging materials, and biofuels, among other things. The difficulties of scaling up the
manufacturing of cassava-based biomaterials and the requirement for additional research and
development in this field are also covered by the writers. The use of an environmentally
conscious workflow for 3D extrusion of multi-biomaterial lattices, which can be utilised for
tissue engineering and other biomedical applications, is described in the article "3D extrusion
of multi-biomaterial lattices using an environmentally informed workflow". The authors
discuss the difficulties involved with 3D printing of biomaterials, such as the need to optimise
printing parameters, ensure reproducibility, and improve the mechanical properties of printed
constructs, and emphasise the significance of using sustainable biomaterials to reduce the
environmental impact of the process.
The book "Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Progress in Biology, Manufacturing, and Industry
Perspectives" examines the advancements made in the study and usage of orthopaedic
biomaterials, particularly sustainable biomaterials. The pros and cons of the various
biomaterials, including ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites, employed in
orthopaedic applications are covered by the writers. Additionally, they emphasise the
significance of taking into account the environmental impact and sustainability of
orthopaedic biomaterials as well as the requirement to develop more environmentally
friendly and biodegradable materials. Finally, the authors talk on the difficulties in applying
orthopaedic biomaterials research to clinical practise and the necessity of interdisciplinary
cooperation to overcome these difficulties.
Biomaterials research and development should concentrate on creating and using sustainable
biomaterials, enhancing processing technologies, and implementing environmentally
conscious workflows in order to promote more environmentally friendly and sustainable
goods and technology. In order to address issues and build a more sustainable future, there is
also a need for cooperation among scientists, business people, and legislators. The
development and implementation of appropriate policies and regulations, as well as
investments in multidisciplinary research and collaboration, are crucial to addressing these
issues and promoting more environmentally friendly and sustainable biomaterials. Initiatives
to support sustainable production and sourcing methods, advocate the use of renewable and
biodegradable materials, and promote the adoption of sustainable design concepts and life
cycle assessment frameworks are a few examples of what this can include.
RQ 2: How may biomaterials be utilised to lower long-term maintenance and repair costs
while enhancing the performance and longevity of infrastructure, such as buildings and
bridges?
Biomaterials, which are substances obtained from living things or created to resemble living
tissues, have the potential to increase the performance and tenacity of infrastructure like
buildings and bridges while concurrently lowering maintenance and repair costs. Cassava is
a tropical root crop that can be transformed into biodegradable and sustainable biomaterials
for use in a variety of industrial applications, including building, as described in "Cassava
Biomaterial Innovations for Industry Applications." These biomaterials can be used to
manufacture boards, concrete, insulation, and other building materials because of their
mechanical qualities. In a different article titled "Polylactides in additive biomanufacturing,"
the use of biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA) in additive manufacturing
processes to produce long-lasting and environmentally friendly items is covered. These goods
might take the place of conventional plastics made from petroleum in a variety of uses, such
as infrastructure building. In addition, "Additive manufacturing for biomedical applications:
a review on classification, energy consumption, and its appreciable role since COVID -19
pandemic" covers the application of additive manufacturing methods, such 3D printing, to
the manufacture of biomedical devices and implants. The same methods can be used to make
custom-designed parts for buildings and other types of infrastructure, which can increase
performance and longevity while lowering maintenance and repair costs.
The article "Bacterially derived medical devices: How commercialization of bacterial
nanocellulose and other biofabricated products requires challenging of standard industrial
practises" explains how bacterial nanocellulose, a sustainable and biodegradable biomaterial
derived from bacteria, can be used to make medical devices. Due to its advantageous
mechanical characteristics, which include great strength and flexibility, the same biomaterial
might also be employed to create infrastructure components.
Overall, biomaterials have the potential to revolutionise the building and infrastructure
sectors by offering environmentally friendly, economically viable replacements for
conventional materials. However, there are still issues that must be resolved, such as the
necessity for standardised manufacturing procedures, regulatory barriers, and the scalability
of production.
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RQ 3: How can the effects of adopting biomaterials in various sectors, including healthcare,
agriculture, and manufacturing, be assessed and improved in terms of their economic, social,
and environmental effects?
There could be negative effects on the economy, society, and the environment if biomaterials
are used in a variety of businesses. The cited papers go through the advantages and difficulties
of applying biomaterials and new technologies in industries like healthcare, agriculture, and
manufacturing. The authors contend that upgrading production procedures, investing in
research and development, and establishing regulations that encourage the use of sustainable
biomaterials are all necessary for maximising these effects. The articles also highlight issues
with ethics and regulations that must be resolved.
There could be negative effects on the economy, society, and the environment if biomaterials
are used in a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, and the healthcare
industry. The following articles go through some of these effects and how to quantify and
improve them:
According to "The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials" :The advantages of
employing biomaterials for biofuels and other applications in terms of the economy and the
environment are covered in this article. The authors contend that by making investments in
R&D, enhancing manufacturing procedures, and establishing regulations that favour the use
of biomaterials, these advantages can be maximised.
Biofabrication, 2019: "Bacterially derived medical devices: How commercialization of
bacterial nanocellulose and other biofabricated products requires challenging of standard
industrial practises" The potential economic and societal advantages of employing bacterial
nanocellulose in medical devices are covered in this article. According to the authors, these
advantages can be maximised by creating new, ecologically friendly and efficient
manufacturing techniques.
The Bone & Joint Journal, 2020, "Technology and Orthopaedic Surgeons" This article
explores how emerging technologies, such additive manufacturing, are affecting the
orthopaedic sector. Although these technologies, according to the authors, can boost patient
outcomes and cut costs, they also present ethical and legal issues that demand attention.
Using polylactides in additive biomanufacturing may have positive environmental effects,
according to the article "Polylactides in Additive Biomanufacturing" (Biofabrication, 2020).
The authors contend that by creating new production techniques that make use of waste-free,
renewable resources, these advantages can be maximised. The potential financial and
environmental advantages of employing advanced materials in additive manufacturing are
covered in "Advanced Material Strategies for Next-Generation Additive Manufacturing"
(Advanced Materials, 2020). The authors contend that by creating new materials that are
more effective, affordable, and sustainable, these advantages can be maximised.
The impact of additive manufacturing on the creation of soft functional materials for
biomedical purposes is discussed in "Recent Trends and Innovation in Additive
Manufacturing of Soft Functional Materials" (Advanced Functional Materials, 2021).
Although these technologies, according to the authors, can boost patient outcomes and cut
costs, they also present ethical and legal issues that demand attention. The issues and
opportunities facing the medical device industry are discussed in "Innovating in the Medical
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RQ 3: How can the effects of adopting biomaterials in various sectors, including healthcare,
agriculture, and manufacturing, be assessed and improved in terms of their economic, social,
and environmental effects?
There could be negative effects on the economy, society, and the environment if biomaterials
are used in a variety of businesses. The cited papers go through the advantages and difficulties
of applying biomaterials and new technologies in industries like healthcare, agriculture, and
manufacturing. The authors contend that upgrading production procedures, investing in
research and development, and establishing regulations that encourage the use of sustainable
biomaterials are all necessary for maximising these effects. The articles also highlight issues
with ethics and regulations that must be resolved.
There could be negative effects on the economy, society, and the environment if biomaterials
are used in a variety of sectors, including manufacturing, agriculture, and the healthcare
industry. The following articles go through some of these effects and how to quantify and
improve them:
According to "The Path Forward for Biofuels and Biomaterials" :The advantages of
employing biomaterials for biofuels and other applications in terms of the economy and the
environment are covered in this article. The authors contend that by making investments in
R&D, enhancing manufacturing procedures, and establishing regulations that favour the use
of biomaterials, these advantages can be maximised.
Biofabrication, 2019: "Bacterially derived medical devices: How commercialization of
bacterial nanocellulose and other biofabricated products requires challenging of standard
industrial practises" The potential economic and societal advantages of employing bacterial
nanocellulose in medical devices are covered in this article. According to the authors, these
advantages can be maximised by creating new, ecologically friendly and efficient
manufacturing techniques.
The Bone & Joint Journal, 2020, "Technology and Orthopaedic Surgeons" This article
explores how emerging technologies, such additive manufacturing, are affecting the
orthopaedic sector. Although these technologies, according to the authors, can boost patient
outcomes and cut costs, they also present ethical and legal issues that demand attention.
Using polylactides in additive biomanufacturing may have positive environmental effects,
according to the article "Polylactides in Additive Biomanufacturing" (Biofabrication, 2020).
The authors contend that by creating new production techniques that make use of waste-free,
renewable resources, these advantages can be maximised. The potential financial and
environmental advantages of employing advanced materials in additive manufacturing are
covered in "Advanced Material Strategies for Next-Generation Additive Manufacturing"
(Advanced Materials, 2020). The authors contend that by creating new materials that are
more effective, affordable, and sustainable, these advantages can be maximised.
The impact of additive manufacturing on the creation of soft functional materials for
biomedical purposes is discussed in "Recent Trends and Innovation in Additive
Manufacturing of Soft Functional Materials" (Advanced Functional Materials, 2021).
Although these technologies, according to the authors, can boost patient outcomes and cut
costs, they also present ethical and legal issues that demand attention. The issues and
opportunities facing the medical device industry are discussed in "Innovating in the Medical
Device Industry - Challenges & Opportunities ESB 2015 Translational Research
Symposium" (Journal of the Mechanical Behaviour of Biomedical Materials, 2016). The
authors contend that in order to overcome these difficulties and maximise the economic,
social, and environmental effects of medical devices, innovation is required.
Materials Today Bio, 2021: "Additive manufacturing for biomedical applications: a review
on classification, energy consumption, and its significant role since COVID-19 pandemic"
The effect of additive manufacturing on the creation of biomedical devices during the
COVID-19 epidemic is covered in this article. The authors contend that while these
technologies have been crucial in combating the pandemic, they also present moral and legal
issues that demand resolution.
The impact of new technologies on longitudinal research in the neurosciences is covered in
the paper "Changing requirements and resulting needs for IT-infrastructure for longitudinal
research in the neurosciences" (Frontiers in Neuroinformatics, 2016). The authors contend
that while new technologies can enhance data gathering and analysis, they also bring up
moral and privacy issues that demand attention.
According to "A Living Foundry for Synthetic Biological Materials: A Synthetic Biology
Roadmap to New Advanced Materials" (Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2018), there may
be both financial and environmental advantages.
RQ 4: How can the aims of SDG 9 and other pertinent sustainability frameworks be matched
with the regulatory and legislative frameworks required to enable the creation and use of
biomaterials?
Regulatory and legislative frameworks that are in line with the objectives of SDG 9 and other
pertinent sustainability frameworks are necessary for the development and use of
biomaterials. In addition to assuring their safety and effectiveness, these frameworks should
place a high priority on the use of environmentally friendly and sustainable biomaterials
during the production process.
The standardisation of production procedures for biomaterials is a crucial component of
regulatory and legislative frameworks. For instance, in the case of medical devices made
from bacteria, normal industrial practises must be challenged in order to commercialise
bacterial nanocellulose and other biofabricated goods, which may not be compatible with the
creation of sustainable biomaterials. Regulatory frameworks can establish requirements for
environmentally friendly materials and energy-saving industrial techniques.
The evaluation of sustainability parameters for the production of biobased products is another
crucial factor. Key indicators that should be given priority in the regulatory and policy
frameworks can be found by conducting a systematic review of sustainability indicators. For
instance, the review should take into account the industrial process's waste reduction efforts,
energy usage, greenhouse gas emissions, and utilisation of renewable resources.
Additionally, the development of sustainable biomaterials can greatly benefit from the
application of additive manufacturing technology. For instance, polylactides used in additive
biomanufacturing can provide a biodegradable and environmentally friendly replacement for
conventional plastics. Regulatory and policy frameworks that promote the use of
environmentally friendly materials and energy-efficient processes should be used to help the
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development and acceptance of additive manufacturing technology for biomedical
applications.
Finally, creating a centre of innovation for biomaterials research and commercialization can
help to promote the use of sustainable biomaterials. Such a centre might unite scientists,
decision-makers, and representatives of the business community to work together on the
creation of sustainable biomaterials and the implementation of legislative and regulatory
frameworks that support their usage.
Finally, it should be noted that fulfilling the objectives of SDG 9 and other pertinent
sustainability frameworks depends on regulatory and policy frameworks that encourage the
creation and use of sustainable biomaterials. The use of environmentally friendly materials,
energy-saving techniques, and sustainability indicators should be given top priority in these
frameworks.
4. Conclusions:
The development of sustainable and ecologically friendly biomaterials has a number of
difficulties, such as maximising biocompatibility and biodegradability, mechanical qualities,
and stability. The use of cutting-edge fabrication methods like 3D printing and
electrospinning is recommended as a potential remedy. The promotion of socially and
environmentally responsible biomaterials development places a strong emphasis on
interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement. The adoption of sustainable
design principles, the use of renewable and biodegradable materials, and the support of
sustainable production and sourcing practises are encouraged by policies and laws. In many
industries, the creation of sustainable biomaterials has the potential to significantly spur
innovation, expansion, and environmenta2 responsibility. However, it is important to take
into account the environmental impact and sustainability of biomaterials in a variety of
applications, such as biofuels, orthopaedic biomaterials, and medical devices. The
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have evolved into a global action plan for achieving
sustainable development, but countries still lack sufficient guidance on how to operationalize
and monitor progress towards attaining all 17 Goals. The accomplishment of the SDGs also
requires the support of other stakeholders, including corporations, academic institutions, and
civil society. To help identify priority investments and regulatory constraints and encourage
collaboration across all stakeholders, six transformations to accomplish the SDGs were
introduced [12].
By offering environmentally friendly, economically viable, and biodegradable replacements
for current materials, biomaterials have the potential to significantly revolutionise the
construction and infrastructure sectors. These materials, which range from bacterial
nanocellulose to cassava-based biomaterials, have special mechanical qualities that make
them appropriate for usage in a variety of industrial settings, including building, and may
eventually result in lower maintenance and repair costs. Custom-designed parts for
infrastructure can also be produced via additive manufacturing methods like 3D printing,
significantly enhancing their performance and toughness. Despite the potential advantages of
biomaterials, there are still issues that need to be resolved, such as scalability, regulatory
barriers, and the requirement for process standardisation.
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development and acceptance of additive manufacturing technology for biomedical
applications.
Finally, creating a centre of innovation for biomaterials research and commercialization can
help to promote the use of sustainable biomaterials. Such a centre might unite scientists,
decision-makers, and representatives of the business community to work together on the
creation of sustainable biomaterials and the implementation of legislative and regulatory
frameworks that support their usage.
Finally, it should be noted that fulfilling the objectives of SDG 9 and other pertinent
sustainability frameworks depends on regulatory and policy frameworks that encourage the
creation and use of sustainable biomaterials. The use of environmentally friendly materials,
energy-saving techniques, and sustainability indicators should be given top priority in these
frameworks.
4. Conclusions:
The development of sustainable and ecologically friendly biomaterials has a number of
difficulties, such as maximising biocompatibility and biodegradability, mechanical qualities,
and stability. The use of cutting-edge fabrication methods like 3D printing and
electrospinning is recommended as a potential remedy. The promotion of socially and
environmentally responsible biomaterials development places a strong emphasis on
interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement. The adoption of sustainable
design principles, the use of renewable and biodegradable materials, and the support of
sustainable production and sourcing practises are encouraged by policies and laws. In many
industries, the creation of sustainable biomaterials has the potential to significantly spur
innovation, expansion, and environmenta2 responsibility. However, it is important to take
into account the environmental impact and sustainability of biomaterials in a variety of
applications, such as biofuels, orthopaedic biomaterials, and medical devices. The
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have evolved into a global action plan for achieving
sustainable development, but countries still lack sufficient guidance on how to operationalize
and monitor progress towards attaining all 17 Goals. The accomplishment of the SDGs also
requires the support of other stakeholders, including corporations, academic institutions, and
civil society. To help identify priority investments and regulatory constraints and encourage
collaboration across all stakeholders, six transformations to accomplish the SDGs were
introduced [12].
By offering environmentally friendly, economically viable, and biodegradable replacements
for current materials, biomaterials have the potential to significantly revolutionise the
construction and infrastructure sectors. These materials, which range from bacterial
nanocellulose to cassava-based biomaterials, have special mechanical qualities that make
them appropriate for usage in a variety of industrial settings, including building, and may
eventually result in lower maintenance and repair costs. Custom-designed parts for
infrastructure can also be produced via additive manufacturing methods like 3D printing,
significantly enhancing their performance and toughness. Despite the potential advantages of
biomaterials, there are still issues that need to be resolved, such as scalability, regulatory
barriers, and the requirement for process standardisation.
There could be major negative effects on the economy, society, and environment if
biomaterials and new technology are used in a variety of industries. However, achieving these
advantages necessitates spending money on R&D, enhancing production techniques, and
developing laws that encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials. It is necessary to address
the ethical and legal difficulties, such as the need for innovative, ecologically friendly
production procedures and privacy concerns. To meet these problems and maximise the
effects of biomaterials and new technologies on a variety of industries, including
manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture, innovation is required.
In order to encourage the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable materials in biomedical
applications, regulatory and policy frameworks that prioritise sustainable manufacturing
practises, evaluate sustainability indicators, support the use of additive manufacturing
technology, and foster innovation hubs for biomaterial research and development are
essential. We can promote the development of a more resilient and sustainable healthcare
system that benefits both human health and the environment by aligning regulatory and
policy frameworks with sustainability goals.
The stated conclusions are in line with the discussion that is now being had about the creation
of ecologically friendly and sustainable biomaterials. The literature has long recognised the
value of interdisciplinary cooperation, stakeholder involvement, and policy frameworks in
promoting sustainable manufacturing practises. Another author emphasises the significance
of interdisciplinary collaboration and stakeholder engagement in developing sustainable
manufacturing practises in their review article on sustainable biomaterials for biomedical
applications. The use of renewable and biodegradable materials in biological applications,
they contend, requires policies and regulations.Discussions of the topic frequently touch on
the possible economic, social, and environmental effects of biomaterials and new technology.
The literature frequently addresses the issues raised, including as scalability, regulatory
barriers, and the requirement for standardisation in manufacturing processes. [13] address the
potential advantages of biomaterials and new technologies in a variety of industries,
including healthcare and construction, in their article on the economic, social, and
environmental consequences of biomaterials. They also mention the difficulties in creating
sustainable biomaterials, such as legal restrictions and the requirement for process
standardisation. It highlights the potential of biomaterials to offer environmentally friendly
and economically viable alternatives to conventional building materials in their study on the
sustainability of biomaterials in the construction sector. They also emphasise the necessity of
laws and rules to encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials in building.
In general, these studies back up the findings in the book about the value of interdisciplinary
cooperation, legislative frameworks, and prospective effects of biomaterials and emerging
technologies on the economy, society, and environment. Additionally, they recognise the
difficulties in creating sustainable biomaterials, such as legal restrictions and the requirement
for process standardisation.
5. Future Research Directions:
Future research in sustainable biomaterials can concentrate on a variety of topics. First,
further study is required to improve the biocompatibility and biodegradability of
biomaterials, especially in the context of numerous applications like orthopaedic and medical
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devices. Investigating novel materials and fabrication methods that can improve these
qualities can be part of this.
The second area of research is the creation of scalable and economical manufacturing
techniques for sustainable biomaterials. This may entail looking into novel, renewable-
resource-based production techniques that are energy- and environmentally-friendly.
Thirdly, research is required to determine the legal and legislative frameworks that might
encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials across a range of businesses. This may entail
evaluating the efficacy of present regulations and finding places where new regulations might
be created to encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials.
Fourthly, future research can concentrate on creating interdisciplinary partnerships and
stakeholder engagement platforms that can unite academics, decision-makers, and business
stakeholders to work together on the creation of sustainable biomaterials.
The development of sustainable biomaterials in new fields, such as the production of biofuels
and building materials, can also be the focus of research. We can increase the influence and
contribution of sustainable biomaterials to accomplishing the goals of sustainable
development by investigating new areas of application.
References:
1. UN General Assembly. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, October 2015. A/RES/70/1, Available at https://undocs.org/A/RES/
70/1.
2. Sachs J, Schmidt-Traub G, Kroll C, Lafortune G, Fuller G. SDG Index and Dashboards
Report 2018. Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network
(SDSN), New York; 2018.
3. Tummala, S.K., Kosaraju, S. & Bobba, P.B. Optimized power generation in solar using
carbon substrate for reduced greenhouse gas effect. Appl Nanosci 12, 1537–1543
(2022).
4. Kynčlová, P., Upadhyaya, S., & Nice, T. (2020). Composite index as a measure on
achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG-9) industry-related targets: The SDG-
9 index. Applied Energy, 265, 114755.
5. UNIDO. Industrial Development Report 2016. UNIDO, Vienna; 2016.
6. Sandin, G., & Peters, G. M. (2018). Environmental impact of textile reuse and
recycling–A review. Journal of cleaner production, 184, 353-365.
7. Davu, S.R., Tejavathu, R. & Tummala, S.K. EDAX analysis of poly crystalline solar
cell with silicon nitride coating. Int J Interact Des Manuf (2022).
8. Chakraborty, S. K., & Mazzanti, M. (2020). Energy intensity and green energy
innovation: Checking heterogeneous country effects in the OECD. Structural Change
and Economic Dynamics, 52, 328-343.
9. World Bank. (2012). Inclusive green growth: The pathway to sustainable development.
The World Bank.
10. Connecting People, Creating Wealth: Infrastructure for Economic Development and
Poverty Reduction (Department for International Development, 2013).
11. Ashby, M. F. (2009). Materials and the environment: eco-informed material
choice/Michael F. Ashby.
12. Suresh Kumar Tummala, Phaneendra Babu Bobba & Kosaraju Satyanarayana (2022)
SEM & EDAX analysis of super capacitor, Advances in Materials and Processing
Technologies, 8:sup4, 2398-2409,
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devices. Investigating novel materials and fabrication methods that can improve these
qualities can be part of this.
The second area of research is the creation of scalable and economical manufacturing
techniques for sustainable biomaterials. This may entail looking into novel, renewable-
resource-based production techniques that are energy- and environmentally-friendly.
Thirdly, research is required to determine the legal and legislative frameworks that might
encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials across a range of businesses. This may entail
evaluating the efficacy of present regulations and finding places where new regulations might
be created to encourage the use of sustainable biomaterials.
Fourthly, future research can concentrate on creating interdisciplinary partnerships and
stakeholder engagement platforms that can unite academics, decision-makers, and business
stakeholders to work together on the creation of sustainable biomaterials.
The development of sustainable biomaterials in new fields, such as the production of biofuels
and building materials, can also be the focus of research. We can increase the influence and
contribution of sustainable biomaterials to accomplishing the goals of sustainable
development by investigating new areas of application.
References:
1. UN General Assembly. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, October 2015. A/RES/70/1, Available at https://undocs.org/A/RES/
70/1.
2. Sachs J, Schmidt-Traub G, Kroll C, Lafortune G, Fuller G. SDG Index and Dashboards
Report 2018. Bertelsmann Stiftung and Sustainable Development Solutions Network
(SDSN), New York; 2018.
3. Tummala, S.K., Kosaraju, S. & Bobba, P.B. Optimized power generation in solar using
carbon substrate for reduced greenhouse gas effect. Appl Nanosci 12, 1537–1543
(2022).
4. Kynčlová, P., Upadhyaya, S., & Nice, T. (2020). Composite index as a measure on
achieving Sustainable Development Goal 9 (SDG-9) industry-related targets: The SDG-
9 index. Applied Energy, 265, 114755.
5. UNIDO. Industrial Development Report 2016. UNIDO, Vienna; 2016.
6. Sandin, G., & Peters, G. M. (2018). Environmental impact of textile reuse and
recycling–A review. Journal of cleaner production, 184, 353-365.
7. Davu, S.R., Tejavathu, R. & Tummala, S.K. EDAX analysis of poly crystalline solar
cell with silicon nitride coating. Int J Interact Des Manuf (2022).
8. Chakraborty, S. K., & Mazzanti, M. (2020). Energy intensity and green energy
innovation: Checking heterogeneous country effects in the OECD. Structural Change
and Economic Dynamics, 52, 328-343.
9. World Bank. (2012). Inclusive green growth: The pathway to sustainable development.
The World Bank.
10. Connecting People, Creating Wealth: Infrastructure for Economic Development and
Poverty Reduction (Department for International Development, 2013).
11. Ashby, M. F. (2009). Materials and the environment: eco-informed material
choice/Michael F. Ashby.
12. Suresh Kumar Tummala, Phaneendra Babu Bobba & Kosaraju Satyanarayana (2022)
SEM & EDAX analysis of super capacitor, Advances in Materials and Processing
Technologies, 8:sup4, 2398-2409,
13. New Urban Agenda A/RES/71/256 (United Nations, 2017).
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22. S. Dixit and A. Stefańska, “Digitisation of contemporary fabrication processes in the
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23. “Bio-logic, a review on the biomimetic application in architectural and structural
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E3S Web of Conferences 391, 01180 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339101180
ICMED-ICMPC 2023
