2023 Guía Anfibios y Reptiles en UQ
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Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma is reported from Colombia on the basis of two specimens captured in hot climate areas of the middle Magdalena River valley in Santander. It is distinguished from other Colombian Lepidoblepharis species by several large, dark, prominent spots on a light background in the gular región, a light "W" shaped band across the back of the head, and a convex posteriorly directed margin on the mental scale instead of straight or concave as in other species of the genus. A new species which it is described, lives in temperate climate area between 1.200-2.000 meters elevation in the western and central cordilleras and is distinguished by unique scales of two different sizes on the back of adult lizards: small piramidal scales surrounded by even smaller scales about ⅛ their size.
Ayala, S. C., & Castro, F. (1983). DOS NUEVOS GECOS (SAURIA: GEKKONIDAE, SPHAERODACTYLINAE) PARA COLOMBIA: LEPIDOBLEPHARIS XANTHOSTIGMA (NOBLE) Y DESCRIPCION DE UNA NUEVA ESPECIE. Caldasia, 13(65), 743–753. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23641091
We reviewed the distribution of Dendropsophus columbianus and introduced three new localities for the Andean
region in Department of Cauca: i) the upper Patía River basin; ii) the western slopes of the Central Cordillera (Quintana, Popayán municipality); and iii) the western slopes of the Western Cordillera in El Tambo municipality, Colombia. The Patía River record extends its distribution 40 km south from previously known records and constitutes the lowest confirmed elevation known for the species (700 m a.s.l.). The Quintana record extends the upper high altitudinal distribution by 160 meters. Our records also extend the distribution of the species to two additional river basins (Patía and San Joaquín rivers). We also reviewed extra-distributional records outside the Andean region available from the literature from two localities (Quimarí and Guapi) in the Caribbean and Pacific regions of Colombia. Specimens from Quimarí were re-identified as D. phlebodes; and the specimens from Guapi belong to D. columbianus but the locality is likely erroneous. Using the validated localities, we built a distribution model corroborating its high association to Andean ecoregions in the Western and Central cordilleras of Colombia. The potential distribution of the species extends from Nariño to Antioquia following the Cauca River basin. Although the model shows that the presence of D. columbianus in Antioquia (north) and Nariño (south) is likely, the northern and southern boundaries of the species distribution is unclear due to the absence of records. Future expeditions are necessary to verify the limits of the species distribution.
Despite its success as an invasive species, little is known about the ecological aspects of the gekkonid lizard Hemidactylus frenatus in Colombia. In the present study the size at maturity, sexual dimorphism, reproductive activity, and diet composition of a population of this species in an urban locality of Northern Colombia were determined. We conducted eleven samplings from September 2011 to August 2012 in buildings of the municipality of Sincelejo. A total of 264 specimens H. frenatus were captured, 112 were adult females, 133 adult males and 19 juveniles. Males reach sexual maturity at a smaller size (snout-vent length) than females (males: 35.7 mm; females: 42.7 mm), also they are larger and have proportionally larger heads and mouths than females. Males were reproductive throughout the year; although testicular volume varied significantly between samples, this variation was not associated with body size and precipitation in the study area. Reproductive adult females were found during all the sampling period. Females have an invariable clutch size of two eggs and we found no differences in the diameter and weight of eggs in each oviduct. The diet of H. frenatus is varied, with Diptera, Hemiptera and Formicidae being the prey types with the greatest relative importance values. Individuals of both sexes consume a similar volume and number of prey. Thus, the studied population of H. frenatus has continuous reproductive activity and a generalist-opportunistic feeding behavior. The climatic conditions of the study area, environmental availability of prey and intrinsic features of this species appear to be responsible for their abundance and colonizing success in this and other localities.
Previous work has shown that Centrolene savagei is unique among the more than 150 species in the family Centrolenidae in demonstrating large-male mating advantage. However, it is still unknown whether non-random mating in this species is mediated by intrasexual and/or intersexual selection. To disentangle the effect of these selective pressures on mating pattern in this species, we monitored the breeding behavior of individuals in a population located in the department of Quindío, Central Andes of Colombia. We conducted diurnal and nocturnal surveys each weekend between February and July of 2016 in which we documented morphological (i.e., body size) and behavioral (i.e., chorus tenure, parental-care behavior) characteristics of males to determine their relationship with mating success. We corroborated that in this population of C. savagei, larger males obtain a higher number of mates than do smaller males; male body size co-varies positively with chorus tenure and drives this mating pattern. Male body size was not related to higher fertilization efficiency of eggs laid by females, or a higher survival of embryos in clutches cared for by them. In sum, the higher mating success of larger males in the glassfrog C. savagei seems most strongly related to a mechanism of endurance rivalry competition (intrasexual selection) than female choice (intersexual selection) based on egg fertilization efficiency or parental care quality. © 2017 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists.
We studied the phylogenetic status, morphological variation, dewlap color variation, and geographic distribution of four poorly known Anolis species nested in the Norops clade, particularly in the A. fuscoauratus group from the Andes of Colombia. In addition, we also describe a nomen nudum species based on morphological and molecular evidence. This nomen nudum taxa differ from other fuscoauratoids species in a combination of dewlap color, meristic traits, and molecular evidence. Our integrative analysis (molecular phylogenetics, morphology, and dewlap color) revealed the non-monophyletic status of these Andean taxa. We also confirmed the occurrence of A. fuscoauratus in the Magdalena valley in Colombia (a trans-Andean region). Our findings show that the evolution of Andean anoles is more complex than previously thought and more research is necessary to understand the diversity in this cryptic group.
Rhinella marina is a Neotropical toad that has been introduced widely worldwide. Its toxic effects to frog-eating predators threaten the native and domestic fauna of some regions where it has been introduced. Despite previous studies suggesting two genetically distinct cryptic species within R. marina, one east and one west of the Andes, its taxonomic status re-mained unresolved due to the absence of morphological complementary evidence. For the first time, data from two mito-chondrial genes (ND3 and CR) and 23 morphometric landmarks are combined to evaluate the taxonomic status of this species. Our results support the hypothesis of two separate evolutionary lineages within R. marina and demonstrate that these lineages have significantly diverged in skull shape. We identified two distinct morphotypes, one eastern and one An-dean western, with no overlapping morphospaces. The geographic pattern of genetic variation was consistent with a stable structured population with no evidence of recent demographic or geographic expansions. The concordance between the observed geographic patterns in morphometric and genic traits calls for the recognition of two species under R. marina name.
East Africa is home to a remarkable assemblage of reptiles, from crocodiles and chameleons to turtles and tortoises, lizards, worm-lizards, and a stunning array of snakes. The region is a true herpetological hot-spot.
This second edition, a fully revised version of the classic field guide to the region's reptiles, explores the full diversity of these animals. With updated text (well over 100 species have had their generic names changes since publication of the first edition), coverage of an additional 60 species, detailed maps and more than 600 new photographs, Field Guide to East African Reptiles includes every one of the 492 species in the region. All are described and mapped, with virtually every species accompanied by at least one colour photograph.
Comprehensive and definitive, Field Guide to East African Reptiles is an essential tool for all naturalists, conservationists, educators, field workers, medical personnel and students in the region.