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Zariski dense orbits for regular self-maps of split semiabelian varieties in positive characteristic

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We prove the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic for regular self-maps of split semiabelian varieties.

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... The picture in positive characteristic. If K has characteristic p > 0, then Conjecture 1.1 does not hold due to the presence of the Frobenius endomorphism (see [GS21b,Remark 1.2]). In particular, if K = F p (the algebraic closure of the finite field F p ), then each orbit of a point α ∈ X(K) is finite under a rational self-map Φ : X −→ X defined over K = F p ; furthermore, Φ does not have to preserve a non-constant rational function. ...
... In particular, if K = F p (the algebraic closure of the finite field F p ), then each orbit of a point α ∈ X(K) is finite under a rational self-map Φ : X −→ X defined over K = F p ; furthermore, Φ does not have to preserve a non-constant rational function. So, the authors proposed the following conjecture as a variant of conjecture 1.1 in positive characteristic (see also [GS21b]). ...
... Discussion of our proof. Our proof of Theorem 1.3 follows the general strategy we employed in [GS21b] to treat the case of algebraic tori; however, there are significant complications due to the more complex structure of the endomorphism ring of a semiabelian variety compared with the power of the multiplicative group G N m . In particular, Sections 3 and 6 contain technical difficulties which are significantly more delicate than any of the arguments necessary for the case of tori. ...
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We prove the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic for regular self-maps of split semiabelian varieties.
... As an application, they reduced the Zariski dense orbit conjecture for f to a terminal threefold with only f -equivariant Fano contractions. Now we consider the variants of the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic proposed in [17,Conjecture 1.3] and [40,Section 1.6]. Ghoica and Saleh [17,18,19] proved the conjecture dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic for regular selfmaps of the tori G N m , the split semiabelian varieties, and the additive group scheme G N a . ...
... Now we consider the variants of the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic proposed in [17,Conjecture 1.3] and [40,Section 1.6]. Ghoica and Saleh [17,18,19] proved the conjecture dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic for regular selfmaps of the tori G N m , the split semiabelian varieties, and the additive group scheme G N a . Now let X be a projective variety over an algebraically closed field k of positive characteristic over X and H an ample divisor on X . ...
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In this paper we first note a result of birational automorphisms with bounded degree of projective varieties related with the Zariski dense orbit conjecture (ZDO) and the Zariski density of periodic points. Next, we give a reduced result of ZDO for automorphisms of projective threefolds, and show ZDO for automorphisms of projective varieties X with the irregularity q(X)dimX1q(X)\ge\dim X-1.
... We first note that Conjecture 1.3.2 fits into a recent series of papers searching for analog statements over fields of positive characteristic for some of the most important results from the past 20 years in arithmetic dynamics over fields of characteristic 0 (see [GS23,Xie23,XY], for example). Two of the most active areas of recent research in arithmetic dynamics have been the unlikely intersection principle and the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture. ...
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In [GTZ08, GTZ12], the following result was established: given polynomials f,gC[x]f,g\in\mathbb{C}[x] of degrees larger than 1, if there exist α,βC\alpha,\beta\in\mathbb{C} such that their corresponding orbits Of(α)\mathcal{O}_f(\alpha) and Og(β)\mathcal{O}_g(\beta) (under the action of f, respectively of g) intersect in infinitely many points, then f and g must share a common iterate, i.e., fm=gnf^m=g^n for some m,nNm,n\in\mathbb{N}. If one replaces C\mathbb{C} with a field K of characteristic p, then the conclusion fails; we provide numerous examples showing the complexity of the problem over a field of positive characteristic. We advance a modified conjecture regarding polynomials f and g which admit two orbits with infinite intersection over a field of characteristic p. Then we present various partial results, along with connections with another deep conjecture in the area, the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjecture.
... Here one needs to modify the statement to take into account the possible action of the Frobenius on varieties defined over finite fields. In fact, the characteristic p analogue of the Zariski dense orbit conjecture stated in [GS21] involves a condition similar to the one appearing in part (b) of our Theorem 1.1. Only sporadic results are known in positive characteristic (e.g., the case when K is uncountable is handled in [BGR17] and the case of an endomorphisms of G N a defined over a finite field in [GS]). ...
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Let G be a semiabelian variety defined over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic 0. Let Φ ⁣:GG\Phi\colon G\dashrightarrow G be a dominant rational self-map. Assume that an iterate Φm ⁣:GG\Phi^m \colon G \to G is regular for some m1m \geqslant 1 and that there exists no non-constant homomorphism τ:GG0\tau: G\to G_0 of semiabelian varieties such that τΦmk=τ\tau\circ \Phi^{m k}=\tau for some k1k \geqslant 1. We show that under these assumptions Φ\Phi itself must be a regular. We also prove a variant of this assertion in prime characteristic and present examples showing that our results are sharp.
... Obtaining the precise description of the return set N from (2) as a finite union of sets of the form (1) is beyond the known results available in the literature. The fact that the problem in positive characteristic turns out to be more subtle than the corresponding question in characteristic 0 is encountered in many similar questions in arithmetic geometry (such as the classical Mordell-Lang conjecture, see [Hru96,MS04] for the corresponding results in characteristic p) or arithmetic dynamics (such as the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic, see [GS21]). So, we find it interesting that the results of [BCH21], which involve a language akin to both the Dynamical Mordell-Lang Conjecture and to the classical Mordell-Lang conjecture, hold with suitable modifications over fields of positive characteristic. ...
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We study an open question at the interplay between the classical and the dynamical Mordell-Lang conjectures in positive characteristic. Let K be an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, let G be a finitely generated subgroup of the multiplicative group of K, and let X be a (irreducible) quasiprojective variety defined over K. We consider K-valued sequences of the form an:=f(φn(x0))a_n:=f(\varphi^n(x_0)), where φ ⁣:XX\varphi\colon X\rightarrow X and f ⁣:XP1f\colon X\rightarrow\mathbb{P}^1 are rational maps defined over K and x0Xx_0\in X is a point whose forward orbit avoids the indeterminacy loci of φ\varphi and f. We show that the set of n for which anGa_n\in G is a finite union of arithmetic progressions along with a set of upper Banach density zero. In addition, we show that if anGa_n\in G for every n and the φ\varphi orbit of x is Zariski dense in X then {there is} a multiplicative torus Gmd\mathbb{G}_m^d and maps Ψ:GmdGmd\Psi:\mathbb{G}_m^d \to \mathbb{G}_m^d and g:GmdGmg:\mathbb{G}_m^d \to \mathbb{G}_m such that an=gΨn(y)a_n = g\circ \Psi^n(y) for some yGmdy\in \mathbb{G}_m^d. We then describe various applications of our results.
... Conjecture 1.2 has been proven in the case of algebraic tori in [GS21] and more generally in the case of all split semiabelian varieties defined over F p in [GSb]. For an illustration of the trichotomy in the conclusion of Conjecture 1.2, we refer the reader to [GS21, Example 1.6]. ...
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We prove the Zariski dense orbit conjecture in positive characteristic for endo-morphisms of a power of the additive group scheme defined over Fp.
... Then employing [RRZ06, Theorem 7.2] (along with [PR04, Theorem 3.1]) allows us to finish the proof of Theorem 1.6; in the language of [RRZ06], the automorphism φ is wild (see Section 2.3) and so, it does not have proper φ-invariant subvarieties. We also note that one could obtain the desired conclusion from Theorem 1.6 by using alternatively more combinatorial arguments akin to the ones employed in the proof from [GS21]. Finally, in order to prove Theorem 1.8 (whose conclusion is once again unchanged if one replaces φ = T •Ψ by a suitable iterate of it), we analyze the action of Ψ on X according to the roots of its minimal polynomial P (x); for this part our arguments are somewhat similar to the ones employed in [GS17,GS19]. ...
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We formulate a strengthening of the Zariski dense orbit conjecture for birational maps of dynamical degree one. So, given a quasiprojective variety X defined over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic 0, endowed with a birational self-map ϕ\phi of dynamical degree 1, we expect that either there exists a non-constant rational function f:XP1f:X\dashrightarrow \mathbb{P}^1 such that fϕ=ff\circ \phi=f, or there exists a proper subvariety YXY\subset X with the property that for any invariant proper subvariety ZXZ\subset X, we have that ZYZ\subseteq Y. We prove our conjecture for automorphisms ϕ\phi of dynamical degree 1 of semiabelian varieties X. Also, we prove a related result for regular dominant self-maps ϕ\phi of semiabelian varieties X: assuming ϕ\phi does not preserve a non-constant rational function, we have that the dynamical degree of ϕ\phi is larger than 1 if and only if the union of all ϕ\phi-invariant proper subvarieties of X is Zariski dense. We give applications of our results to representation theoretic questions about twisted homogeneous coordinate rings associated to abelian varieties.
... On the other hand, the known counter-examples often involve some Frobenius actions. See[27, Theorem 1.5, Question 1.7] for this phenomenon. We suspect that when tr.d. ...
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