Personal laws are statutory and customary laws applicable to particular religious or cultural groups within a national jurisdiction. They govern family relations in such matters as marriage and divorce, maintenance and succession. Personal laws remain prevalent in Asia and especially in South Asia and South-East Asia, including in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and
... [Show full abstract] the Philippines. Almost invariably, personal laws entrench inequalities with regard to women in two respects. Firstly, they sanction unequal rights of men and women within a given cultural or religious group. For example, they may permit women narrower grounds of divorce than men. Secondly, the application of personal laws results in unequal rights among women themselves, contingent on their religion or ethnicity. Hence, in a given jurisdiction, Muslim women may be entitled to smaller maintenance payments than Christian or Hindu women. This article highlights the discriminatory nature of personal laws and indicates a path for reform that is consonant with prevailing political conditions and minority group interests.