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Advance Research
in Dermatology &
Cosmetics (ARDC)
How to cite this article: Yadav E (2023) Niacinamide and Coenzyme Q10: Molecular Insights into Skin Health, Longevity, and Optimized Cosmetic
Formulations. Adv Res Dermatol Cosmetics 2: 1008
Introduction
Skin health a nd longevity are i nuenced by a combinat ion of intr insic and extr insic factors that contribute to the
accumu lation of molecular and cel lula r damage [1]. Niaci namide, a derivative of vitamin B3, and CoQ10, an e ssential
component of t he mitochondria l electron tra nsport chai n, have emerged as molec ules with pot ential benets f or supporting
skin he alth a nd preventing premature cellular aging [2, 3]. is review explores the molecular me chanisms by which
niacinamide a nd CoQ10 contribute to the ma intenance of skin cell v itality and t he mitigation of in ammatory st ressors on
the skin and within t he body.
Improving Skin Barrier Function
Both niacina mide and C oQ10 have been s hown to enhance sk in barrier fu nction. Niacinamide i ncreases the levels of
key str uctura l proteins, such a s laggri n and involucri n, and promotes th e synthesis of c eramides, c rucial compon ents of the
stratum corneum lipid mat rix [4, 5]. CoQ10 helps maintain the integr ity of cel l membra nes and supports lipid metabolism,
contributing to sk in barrier function [6]. Improved skin barrier func tion resu lts in reduced transepidermal water loss a nd
increased moist ure retention, essential for maintaini ng skin elast icity and resil ience [7].
Reducing Inammation
Inammation i s a critical fac tor in the d ecline of skin f unct ion and appe arance, contr ibuting to the degradation of
extracellu lar mat rix proteins, such as collagen and elasti n [8]. Both niac inam ide and Co Q10 have been repor ted to exer t
anti-inammatory eects. Niacinamide inhibits the production of pro-inammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6
(IL-6) a nd tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [9]. CoQ10 has been shown to modulate t he expre ssion of genes related
to ina mmation and oxidative stress, suc h as NF-κB and Nrf2, prov iding a l ink between Co Q10 and the inammatory
re spo nse [10 ].
Synergy Between Niacinamide and CoQ10 in Cosmetic Formulations
e combinat ion of niacina mide and CoQ10 in co smetic formul ations can oer s ynergist ic benets for sk in health a nd
longevit y. Niacina mide’s ability to improve skin barrier func tion, st imulate collagen synt hesis, a nd reduce inam mation
complements C oQ10’s antioxida nt properties and support of m itochondr ial f unction. is sy nerg y enhances the overall
ecacy of skinc are produc ts conta ining both ingredients, providing a comprehensive approach to sk in health and
aging prevention. Furthermore, combining niacinamide a nd CoQ10 can boost the stability of the se molecu les in topical
formulat ions, ensuring their continued eectiveness over t ime. For ex ample, BABOR is a brand t hat exempl ies such
formulat ions in their sk incare products, oeri ng evidence of the fe asibility and eectiveness of t hese combinations.
Active Ingredients to Avoid Combining with Niacinamide and CoQ10
Althou gh niacina mide and CoQ10 can be sa fely combined wi th various ac tive ingredie nts, there are some i ngredients
to avoid. For example, it is general ly recommended to avoid combining niacinamide w ith high concent rations of alpha-
hydroxy ac ids (AHAs), such as glyc olic acid or lacti c acid, as well as be ta-hydroxy acids (B HAs), like sali cylic acid [11]. ese
exfoli ating acids can potentia lly reduce the eectiveness of niacinam ide by causing pH uctuations i n the formu lation,
altering niacinamide’s stabil ity and e cacy. However, carefu lly designed formulations with t he right pH balance and
bueri ng agents may stil l incorporate these ing redients while m aintaining the bene ts of niacinam ide.
Simi larly, it is advise d not to combine CoQ10 wit h benzoyl perox ide, as benzoy l peroxide has be en reported to deg rade
CoQ10, reducing its antioxidant propert ies [12]. It is essentia l to consider the compat ibilit y of active ingre dients when
formulat ing skincare products to maximiz e the benets and minimize potential adverse reactions.
Volume 2 Issue 1, 2023
Article Information
Received date : April 13, 2023
Published date: April18, 2023
*Corresponding author
Ekta Yadav, Skincare Anarchy LLC, USA
DOI: 10.54026/ARDC/1008
Keywords
Niacinamide; Collagen; Ceramides;
Cytokines
Distributed under Creative Commons
CC-BY 4.0
Mini Review
Niacinamide and Coenzyme Q10:
Molecular Insights into Skin Health,
Longevity, and Optimized Cosmetic
Formulations
Ekta Yadav*
Skincare Anarchy LLC, USA
Abstract
Niacinamide, a derivative of vitamin B3, and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a component of the electron transport chain, are
two molecules with potential benets for skin health and longevity. is comprehensive review discusses the molecular
mechanisms through which niacinamide and CoQ10 contribute to maintaining skin cell vitality and combating inammatory
stressors, both on the skin and within the body. Additionally, it highlights the synergy between these two ingredients in
cosmetic formulations and potential interactions with other active ingredients. Evidence suggests that niacinamide and
CoQ10 can improve skin barrier function, reduce inammation, promote collagen synthesis, and mitigate the detrimental
eects of ultraviolet radiation. ese ndings emphasize the importance of niacinamide and CoQ10 in supporting skin
health, longevity, and their potential in optimized cosmetic formulations.
Page 2/2
Copyright Yadav E
Citation: Yadav E (2023) Niacinamide and Coenzyme Q10: Molecular Insights into Skin Health, Longevity, and Optimized Cosmetic Formulations. Adv Res
Dermatol Cosmetics 2: 1008
Future Directions
Recent adv ances in our u nderstandi ng of the molecu lar mechani sms underlyi ng
the benets of niac inamide and Co Q10 for ski n health have provided valu able insights
into thei r potenti al applications i n skincare products. However, there are st ill s everal
areas t hat war rant further invest igation in order to maximi ze the benets of these
molecules and optimiz e their use in sk incare formulations.
a) Synergistic Eects and Interac tions with Ot her Molecules
b) Future studies shou ld explore potentia l synergistic eects and interactions
between niacinamide , CoQ10, and other molecu les involved in skin healt h and
longevit y [13]. For inst ance, exam ining the combi ned eects of ni acinamide a nd
CoQ10 with ot her antioxidants, such as vitamin C, v itam in E, and resveratrol,
may revea l novel interacti ons that could fu rther enha nce the ecac y of skincare
pr odu cts [14 ].
c) Opti mizing Formulation and Deliver y Systems
d) Research on the opt imal formulation and delivery sy stems for niacina mide and
CoQ10 is crucial for ma ximizing t heir ec acy in s kincare produc ts. Studies
should foc us on identify ing the most suitable car riers, emulsiers, and solvents,
as well a s determini ng the ideal pH and co ncentration for each a ctive ingred ient
[15]. Addit ionally, inves tigating novel de livery syst ems, such as mic roemulsions,
liposome s, and na noparticles, may lead to improved penet ration a nd
bioavai lability of these molecu les in the ski n [16].
e) Long-Term Clinic al Studies
f) Long-term cli nical studie s are nece ssar y to evaluate the safety and ecacy of
niacinamide a nd CoQ10 in sk incare products . ese studies shou ld include
diverse p opulations, d ierent skin t ypes, and va rious environmental cond itions
to ensure a comprehensive u nderstanding of their eects on skin hea lth and
long evit y [17].
Unaddressed Aspects in the Literature
While recent literature has provided valuable insights into t he benets of
niacinamide a nd CoQ10 for ski n healt h, there a re still some cr itica l aspec ts that have
not been thoroughly addres sed.
a) Eects on Skin M icrobiome
b) e skin mic robiome plays a c rucia l role in sk in hea lth and homeostasis.
However, the impact of niac inam ide and Co Q10 on the skin m icrobiome ha s
not been ex tensively studied. Understanding how these molecules interac t
with t he skin’s microbial communit y could prov ide important i nformation for
optimizing t heir use in ski ncare products [18].
c) Epigenetic Reg ulation
d) Epigenetic regulation plays a signi cant role i n aging and skin healt h. Fur ther
studie s should investigate the eects of nia cinamide and CoQ10 on epigenetic
modic ations, such as DNA met hylation and histone acetylation, to better
underst and their roles in skin he alth and longev ity [19].
Conclusion
Niacinamide a nd coenzyme Q10, through th eir multiface ted molecular a ctions,
play signicant roles in maintai ning sk in hea lth and preventing prematu re cellu lar
aging. eir ability to i mprove ski n barr ier function, reduce in ammat ion, promote
collagen synthesis, a nd mitigate the det riment al eects of ult raviolet radiation
highlights t heir importa nce in supporting skin longevit y. e synerg y between
these t wo ingredients i n cosmetic formulations and t he careful con sideration of
active i ngred ients the y can and cannot be combined with en hances their potentia l in
optimized sk inca re product s. Future research should focus on fu rther underst anding
the molecular me chani sms, opt imizing niacinam ide and Co Q10 formulation s,
determ ining optima l concentrations , and investigating potent ial sy nergi stic ee cts
with ot her molecules involved in sk in health and longevit y.
As this comprehensive review has demonstrated , niacinamide a nd coenzyme
Q10 possess sig nicant potent ial for ma intaining skin hea lth and preventi ng
premature cellular aging. With their ability to improve sk in bar rier function, reduce
ina mmation, promote collagen sy nthesis, and mit igate the detri mental eects of
ultraviolet radiation, these molecules are vital for suppor ting skin longevity. By
underst anding the sy nergy b etween these ingredients in cosmetic formu lations
and careful ly considering their interactions with other act ive ingredients, skincare
product developers can opti mize t heir formulation s to ensure t he greatest benets
for skin health . Furt her research in t his are a should foc us on uncovering additiona l
molecular mechanisms, rening niac inam ide and CoQ10 formulations, deter mini ng
ideal concentrat ions, and exploring possible syner gistic eect s with other sk in health-
promoting molecu les.
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