An updated checklist of the Red Sea gobioid species (Teleostei: Gobiiformes), with four new records

Abstract

An updated checklist and status assessment of the gobioid species (Gobiiformes) in the Red Sea is provided. Of the 162 species, 141 belong to the Gobiidae, nine to Microdesmidae, five to Xenisthmidae, six to Schindleriidae and one to Kraemeriidae. The Shrimpgoby (Cryptocentrus steinhardti) and the Sand Goby (Hazeus ingressus) are reported from Eilat, Israel and Abu Dabab, Marsa Alam, Egypt. Both species, which belong to Indo-West Pacific genera, were originally described from the eastern Mediterranean Sea and were unknown from the Red Sea so far. Records of these species are based on underwater photographs. Eviota pseudostigma, a species known from islands of the Western Indian Ocean, was photographed and collected from Mangrove Bay, El Quseir, Egypt, and represents a new record for the Red Sea. Eviota oculopiperita, described from the north-eastern Red Sea was found on the western side of the Red Sea. A new record of the microdesmid fish Gunnellichthys irideus, based on underwater photographs taken from the southern Egypt, is reported. Previous records of Paragobiodon echinocephalus from the Gulf of Aqaba are regarded as misidentification of P. modestus.

Full text

Zoology in the Middle East, 2023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2023.2203978
*Corresponding author. Email: ic187196@yandex.ru
© 2023 Taylor & Francis
An updated checklist of the Red Sea gobioid species (Teleostei:
Gobiiformes), with four new records
Sergey V. Bogorodskya,b,* and Menachem Gorenc
aSection Ichthyology & Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg
Research Institute and Museum of Nature, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; bStation of Naturalists,
Omsk, Russia; cThe Steinhardt Museum of Natural History and School of Zoology,
Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
(Received 11 December 2022; accepted 6 April 2023)
An updated checklist and status assessment of the gobioid species (Gobiiformes) in the
Red Sea is provided. Of the 162 species, 141 belong to the Gobiidae, nine to Mi-
crodesmidae, five to Xenisthmidae, six to Schindleriidae and one to Kraemeriidae. The
Shrimpgoby (Cryptocentrus steinhardti) and the Sand Goby (Hazeus ingressus) are re-
ported from Eilat, Israel and Abu Dabab, Marsa Alam, Egypt. Both species, which be-
long to Indo-West Pacific genera, were originally described from the eastern Mediter-
ranean Sea and were unknown from the Red Sea so far. Records of these species are
based on underwater photographs. Eviota pseudostigma, a species known from islands
of the Western Indian Ocean, was photographed and collected from Mangrove Bay, El
Quseir, Egypt, and represents a new record for the Red Sea. Eviota oculopiperita, de-
scribed from the north-eastern Red Sea was found on the western side of the Red Sea.
A new record of the microdesmid fish Gunnellichthys irideus, based on underwater
photographs taken from the southern Egypt, is reported. Previous records of Paragobi-
odon echinocephalus from the Gulf of Aqaba are regarded as misidentification of P.
modestus.
Keywords: Fishes; Shrimpgoby; Eviota; new records; Egypt; Eilat; taxonomy
Introduction
The Gobiiformes constitute the second largest family of the Teleostei fishes and com-
prise 314 genera in nine families with 2,300 species (Fricke et al., 2023). The gobies
also constitute a significant component of the Red Sea ichthyofauna. In the first com-
prehensive checklist of the Red Sea fishes, Klunzinger (1871) reported 22 species. In an
update to this list, Klausewitz (1964a) added six species. Dor (1984) published a check-
list of the Red Sea species and listed 91 gobioid species. In a later update, Goren and
Dor (1994) listed 96 gobioid species. Golani and Bogorodsky (2010) counted 121 gobi-
oid species and Golani and Fricke (2018) listed 153 species (out of a total of 1,207 fish
species). However, the latter checklist requires updating: as there are some errors; the
taxonomic status of some species has changed, several new species were described, and
new records have been published. In his photographic guide on the Red Sea marine life,
Ryanskiy (2022) reproduced 142 underwater photographs of gobioid fishes.
The aim of the present study is to provide a revised checklist of the Red Sea gobioid
fishes including new records.
Published online 25 Apr 2023

2 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Material and Methods
The underwater photographs reproduced for the present study were taken in situ at different local-
ities in the Red Sea. Data on the source of the new records are provided, as well as species-
specific characteristics for identification and underwater photographs. Taxonomy of the families
and subfamilies following Larson (2022). Standard length (SL) is measured from tip of the snout
to the caudal-fin base (end of hypural plate). References and the genus and species classification
follow Fricke (2023) and Fricke et al. (2023). Institutional codes mostly follow Sabaj Pérez
(2020); IKC- Centre of Izmir Katip Celebi University, Turkey; SMNH-P - The Steinhardt Muse-
um of Natural History, Tel- Aviv University, Israel.
An updated checklist to Gobiiformes of the Red Sea
Gobiidae Cuvier, 1816 (gobies)
Oxudercinae
Periophthalmus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Periophthalmus argentilineatus Valenciennes, 1837
Periophthalmus argentilineatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 191; lectotype:
MNHN A-1499 (West Papua and Molucca Islands, Indonesia) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 158
(Red Sea, listed); Murdy 1989: 32 (Eritrea, syntype of P. sobrinus).
Periophthalmus sobrinus Eggert, 1935: 95 (Eritrea).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Samoan Islands.
Periophthalmus kalolo Lesson, 1831
Periophthalmus kalolo Lesson, 1831: 146; syntypes: MNHN A-1499 (Waigeo, Indonesia) —
Golani & Fricke 2018: 158 (Red Sea, listed).
Periophthalmus koelreuteri africana — Klausewitz 1967a: 211 (southern Red Sea).
Periophthalmus koelreuteri — Rüppell 1830: 140 (Eritrea); Tortonese 1937: 203 (Eritrea).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to Samoan Islands.
Gobionellinae
Gnatholepis Bleeker, 1874
Gnatholepis anjerensis (Bleeker, 1851)
Gobius anjerensis Bleeker, 1851: 251; neotype: BPBM 26651 (Sulawesi, Indonesia).
Gnatholepis anjerensis — Randall 1983: 160 (Ras Muhammed, Egypt); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 187
(Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Larson & Buckle 2012: 15 (Red Sea); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 99, row 5, left (Nabq, Egypt).
Gobius capistratus Peters, 1855 — Klunzinger 1871: 476.
Acentrogobius cauerensis (non Bleeker) — Goren 1979a: 18 (Red Sea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia.
Gnatholepis caudimaculata Larson & Buckle, 2012
Gnatholepis caudimaculata Larson & Buckle, 2012: 23; holotype: USNM 327425 (Marsa al-
Muqabilah, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed);
Ryanskiy 2022: 99, row 5, right (Red Sea).
Gnatholepis anjerensis (non Bleeker) — Debelius 2011: 180 (Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Oxyurichthys Bleeker, 1857
Oxyurichthys petersii (Klunzinger, 1871)
Apocryptes (Gobiichthys) petersii Klunzinger, 1871: 480; syntypes: SMNS 1753 (Al-Quseir,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Borsieri 1904: 207 (Eritrea).

Zoology in the Middle East 3
Oxyurichthys petersii — Bogorodsky et al. 2014: 429 (off Jizan, Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke
2018: 158 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 100, row 1 (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Oxyurichthys papuensis — Goren 1979a: 49 (Massawa, Eritrea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea, an immigrant to the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Gobiinae
Amblyeleotris Bleeker, 1874
Amblyeleotris diagonalis Polunin & Lubbock, 1979
Amblyeleotris diagonalis Polunin & Lubbock, 1979: 245; holotype: BMNH 1978.2.28.2 (Great
Barrier Reef, Australia) — Randall 1994b: 268 (Yanbu and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Jaafar &
Randall 2009: 26 (Suakin harbor, Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 146 (Red Sea, listed); Ryan-
skiy 2022: 100, row 2, left (Sinai, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and east coast of Africa east to New Caledonia.
Amblyeleotris neglecta Jaafar & Randall, 2009
Amblyeleotris neglecta Jaafar & Randall, 2009: 23; holotype: BPBM 18291 (Eilat, Israel, Red
Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 146 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Amblyeleotris steinitzi (Klausewitz, 1974)
Cryptocentrus steinitzi Klausewitz, 1974a: 70; holotype: SMF 12440 (Al-Humayrah, Gulf of
Aqaba, Red Sea) — Goren 1979a: 32 (Gulf of Aqaba).
Amblyeleotris steinitzi — Randall 1983: 162 (Eilat, Israel); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 184 (Aqaba,
Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske & Myers 2004: 188 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Jaafar &
Randall 2009: 26 (Gulf of Aqaba); Debelius 2011: 176 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Freinschlag &
Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2C (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 146 (Red Sea, listed); Ryan-
skiy 2022: 100, row 3 (Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to islands of the Western Indian Ocean, east to Samoan Islands.
Amblyeleotris sungami (Klausewitz, 1969)
Cryptocentrus sungami Klausewitz, 1969: 41; holotype: SMF 9619 (Suakin Harbor, Sudan, Red
Sea) — Goren 1979a: 32 (Eilat, Israel and Suakin, Sudan).
Amblyeleotris sungami — Randall 1983: 162 (Eilat, Israel); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 185 (Aqaba,
Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske & Myers 2004: 188 (Hurghada, Egypt); Jaafar &
Randall 2009: 26 (Sudan and Gulf of Aqaba); Debelius 2011: 176 (Dahab, Egypt); Freinschlag
& Patzner 2012: 46, Fig 2H (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 146 (Red Sea, listed);
Ryanskiy 2022: 100, row 2, right (Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: From eastern Red Sea to southern Oman.
Amblyeleotris triguttata Randall, 1994
Amblyeleotris triguttata Randall, 1994a: 321; holotype: BPBM 30374 (Yanbu, Saudi Arabia, Red
Sea) — Jaafar & Randall 2009: 26 (Saudi Arabia and Hanish Islands, Yemen); Golani & Fricke
2018: 146 (Red Sea, listed).
Eleotris periophthalmus (non Bleeker) — Borsieri 1904: 207 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea to Socotra Archipelago, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Amblyeleotris wheeleri (Polunin & Lubbock, 1977)
Cryptocentrus wheeleri Polunin & Lubbock, 1977: 88; holotype: BMNH 1976.9.22.8 (Aldabra,
Seychelles).
Amblyeleotris wheeleri — Randall 1994b: 269 (Zubayr Islands, Yemen); Jaafar & Randall 2009:
26 (Port Sudan, Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Marshall Islands.

4 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Amblygobius Bleeker, 1874
Amblygobius albimaculatus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius albimaculatus Rüppell, 1830: 135; lectotype: SMF 1733 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea) —
Klunzinger 1871: 477 (El Quseir, Egypt).
Gobius quinqueocellatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 95.
Amblygobius albimaculatus — Klausewitz 1960: 149 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia);
Klausewitz 1967b: 58 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Dahlak Ar-
chipelago, Eritrea); Goren 1979a: 24 (Red Sea); Randall 1983: 164 (Towartit Reef, Sudan);
Khalaf & Disi 1997: 185 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske & Myers 2004:
192 (Nuweiba, Egypt); Debelius 2011: 179 (Aqaba, Jordan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red
Sea, listed); Kovačić et al. 2018: 478 (Red Sea); Ryanskiy 2022: 101, rows 1 & 2 (Naama Bay
& Marsa Shagra, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Amblygobius esakiae Herre, 1939
Amblygobius esakiae Herre, 1939: 306; holotype: CAS-SU 37314 (Palau) — Randall 1994b: 269
(Mersa Towartit, Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea east to Palau.
Amblygobius klausewitzi (Goren, 1978)
Ctenogobiops klausewitzi Goren, 1978b: 193 — Goren 1979a: 34 (Red Sea).
Amblygobius nocturnus (non Herre) — Debelius 2011: 179 (Safaga, Egypt); Golani & Fricke
2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 100, row 5, right (Sinai, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Remarks: The species has been placed in synonymy with A. nocturnus (Herre, 1945) by Randall
(1995) without explanation. The species is distinct morphologically and genetically, its redescrip-
tion under study by Kovačić et al. (in prep.).
Amblygobius sewardii (Playfair, 1867)
Gobius sewardii Playfair in Playfair & Günther, 1867: 71; holotype: BMNH 1867.3.9.497 (Zan-
zibar).
Biat magnusi Klausewitz, 1968a: 13.
Amblycentrus magnusi — Goren 1979a: 23 (Gulf of Suez and Hurghada, Egypt).
Amblygobius sewardii — Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed); Kovačić et al. 2018: 479
(Al Tur, Gulf of Suez, Egypt); Ryanskiy 2022: 101, row 3 (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Zanzibar.
Amoya Herre, 1927
Amoya signatus (Peters, 1855)
Gobius signatus Peters, 1855: 444; holotype: ZMB 2101 (Palma, Mozambique).
Yongeichthys pavidus (Smith, 1959) — Goren 1979a: 57 (Nabq, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique and Réunion.
Ancistrogobius Shibukawa, Yoshino & Allen, 2010
Ancistrogobius yanoi Shibukawa, Yoshino & Allen, 2010
Ancistrogobius yanoi Shibukawa, Yoshino & Allen, 2010: 80; holotype: NSMT-P 97982 (Ryukyu
Islands, Japan) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to Solomon Islands.

Zoology in the Middle East 5
Arcygobius Larson & Wright, 2003
Arcygobius baliurus (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius baliurus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 61; holotype: MNHN 0000-0733
(Java, Indonesia).
Gnatholepis baliurus — Goren 1979a: 42 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea).
Arcygobius baliurus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 147 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Southern Red Sea and east coast of Africa, east to Papua New Guinea.
Asterropteryx Rüppell, 1830
Asterropteryx semipunctata Rüppell, 1830
Asterropterix semipunctatus Rüppell, 1830: 138; holotype: SMF 1691 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red
Sea).
Prioolepis auriga Ehrenberg in Klunzinger, 1871: 484.
Eleotris cyanostigma Bleeker, 1855 — Borsieri 1904: 207 (Eritrea).
Asterropteryx semipunctatus — Klunzinger 1871: 484 (El Quseir, Egypt); Bamber 1915: 483
(Sudan); Clark 1968: 6 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Randall 1983: 163 (Port Sudan,
Sudan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Debelius 2011: 182 (Elphinstone, Egypt).
Asterropteryx semipunctata — Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 101,
row 4 (Naama Bay & Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Hawaiian Islands and French Polynesia.
Bathygobius Bleeker, 1878
Bathygobius cyclopterus (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius cyclopterus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 59; holotype: MNHN A-1355
(New Ireland, Papua New Guinea).
Bathygobius cyclopterus — Goren, 1978c: 269 (Red Sea); Goren 1979a: 26 (Red Sea); Randall
1983: 163 (Eilat, Israel); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 186 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 101, row 5, right (Sharm el Naga,
Egypt).
Bathygobius fuscus (non Rüppell) — Ryanskiy 2022: 101, row 5, left (Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Samoan Islands.
Bathygobius fuscus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius fuscus Rüppell, 1830: 137; holotype: SMF 1716 (Red Sea) — Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952:
10 (Eilat).
Gobius punctillatus Rüppell, 1830: 138.
Gobius nebulopunctatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 58.
Bathygobius fishelsoni Goren, 1978c: 271 — Goren 1979a: 26 (Red Sea).
Bathygobius fuscus — Marshall 1952: 241 (Dahab and Abu Zabad, Egypt); Clark et al. 1968: 22
(Eritrea); Goren, 1978c: 269 (Red Sea); Goren 1979a: 27 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018:
148 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and east coast of Africa, east to Samoan Islands.
Bryaninops Smith, 1959
Bryaninops discus Suzuki, Bogorodsky & Randall, 2012
Bryaninops discus Suzuki, Bogorodsky & Randall, 2012: 2; holotype: BPBM 35695 (Saunder’s
Reef, Suakin Archipelago, Sudan, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed).
Bryaninops yongei (non Davis & Cohen) — Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 4 (Sharm el Sheikh,
Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.

6 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Bryaninops loki Larson, 1985
Bryaninops loki Larson, 1985: 81; holotype: AMS I.24072.001 (Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef,
Australia) — Suzuki et al. 2012: 10 (Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed);
Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 1, right (Sharm el Naga, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and Chagos Archipelago, east to Hawaiian and Samoan Islands.
Bryaninops natans Larson, 1985
Bryaninops natans Larson, 1985: 77; holotype: AMS I.24067-001 (Lizard Island, Great Barrier
Reef, Australia) — Khalaf & Disi 1997: 186 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske
& Myers 2004: 195 (Egypt, Sinai); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 105 (Dahab, Egypt); Debelius 2011:
184 (Safaga, Egypt); Suzuki et al. 2012: 12 (Brayka Bay, Marsa Alam, Egypt); Golani & Fricke
2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 2, left (Nabq, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Cook Islands.
Bryaninops ridens Smith, 1959
Bryaninops ridens Smith, 1959: 216; holotype: SAIAB 225 (Pinda, Mozambique) — Herler &
Hilgers 2005: 107 (Dahab, Egypt); Suzuki et al. 2012: 13 (Brayka Bay, Marsa Alam, Egypt);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 2, right (El Quseir,
Egypt).
Lobulogobius bentuviai Goren, 1984a: 78.
Distribution: Red Sea and east coast of Africa, east to Tahiti.
Bryaninops spongicolus Suzuki, Bogorodsky & Randall, 2012
Bryaninops spongicolus Suzuki, Bogorodsky & Randall, 2012: 6; holotype: BPBM 41004 (4
miles east of Port Sudan, Sudan, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 148 (Red Sea, listed);
Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 3, left (Egypt, Sinai).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Bryaninops tigris Larson, 1985
Bryaninops tigris Larson, 1985: 70; holotype: AMS I.20730-017 (Lizard Island, Great Barrier
Reef, Australia) — Suzuki et al. 2012: 14 (Hurghada, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 102, row 1, left (Sharm el Naga, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and Chagos Archipelago, east to Tahiti and Hawaiian Islands.
Bryaninops yongei (Davis & Cohen, 1969)
Cottogobius yongei Davis & Cohen, 1969: 752; holotype: USNM 200402 (Darvel Bay, Sabah,
Malaysia).
Tenacigobius yongei — Goren & Diamant 1983: 135 (Eilat, Israel).
Bryaninops yongei — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 108 (Dahab, Egypt); Suzuki et al. 2012: 14 (Shaab
Sharm, Egypt and Ras Mohammed, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed); Rya-
nskiy 2022: 102, row 5 (Marsa Nakari & Nabq, Egypt).
Bryaninops tigris (non Larson) — Debelius 2011: 184 (Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt).
Bryaninops erythrops (non Jordan & Seale) — Randall 1994b: 270 (Suakin Archipelago, Sudan).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to islands of the Western Indian Ocean, east to Hawaiian Is-
lands and French Polynesia.
Cabillus Smith, 1959
Cabillus nigrostigmus Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2013
Cabillus nigrostigmus Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2013b: 186; holotype: PMR VP2846 (Sharm al-
Mayyah, Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.

Zoology in the Middle East 7
Callogobius Bleeker, 1874
Callogobius amikami Goren, Miroz & Baranes, 1991
Callogobius amikami Goren, Miroz & Baranes, 1991: 300; holotype: TAU P-10321 (Eilat, Israel,
Red Sea) — Debelius 2011: 182 (Eilat, Israel); Delventhal et al. 2016: 232 (Al Wajh bank,
Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to Oman.
Callogobius clarki (Goren, 1978)
Drombus clarki Goren, 1978b: 200; holotype: HUJ 10065 (At-Tur, Egypt, Gulf of Suez, Red Sea)
— Goren 1979a: 36 (Gulf of Suez, Egypt.
Callogobius clarki — Goren 1980: 213 (Red Sea); Delventhal & Mooi 2014: 143 (Red Sea);
Delventhal et al. 2016: 235 (Red Sea); Ryanskiy 2022: 103, row 1, left (Dahab, Egypt).
Callogobius clarkae — Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Callogobius dori Goren, 1980
Callogobius dori Goren, 1980: 210; holotype: BMNH 1978.9.8.7 (Suakin Harbor, Sudan, Red
Sea) — Delventhal et al. 2016: 236 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Callogobius flavobrunneus (Smith, 1958)
Mucogobius flavobrunneus Smith, 1958b: 145; holotype: SAIAB 211 (Pinda, Bazaruto Island,
Mozambique) — Clark 1968: 6 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea).
Callogobius flavobrunneus — Goren 1980: 214 (Red Sea); Delventhal et al. 2016: 238 (Red Sea);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique.
Callogobius pilosimentum Delventhal, Mooi, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2016
Callogobius pilosimentum Delventhal, Mooi, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2016: 227; holotype: SMF
35756 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 149 (Red Sea,
listed).
Drombus irrasus (non Smith) — Goren 1979a: 36 (Ras Muhamad, Egypt).
Callogobius irrasus (non Smith) — Goren 1980: 213 (Sudan).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Callogobius sclateri (Steindachner, 1879)
Eleotris sclateri Steindachner, 1879: 157; holotype: NMW 30901 (Society Islands).
Callogobius sclateri — Delventhal et al. 2016: 239 (Ras Burqa, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba and Yabua
Island, Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 150 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea and east coast of Africa, east to Marquesas Islands.
Cerogobius Kovačić, Bogorodsky, Troyer & Tornabene, 2019
Cerogobius petrophilus Kovačić, Bogorodsky, Troyer & Tornabene, 2019
Cerogobius petrophilus Kovačić, Bogorodsky, Troyer & Tornabene, 2019a: 179; holotype: SMF
34961 (Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Ryanskiy 2022: 103, row 2 (Marsa Shagra, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Coryogalops Smith, 1958
Coryogalops anomolus Smith, 1958
Coryogalops anomolus Smith, 1958b: 144; holotype: SAIAB 251 (Zanzibar) — Clark 1968: 6
(Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Kovačić et al. 2016: 342 (Sharm el Moya, Egypt);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 150 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 103, row 1, right (Egypt, Sinai).
Coryogalops sufensis Goren, 1979b: 92.

8 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Coryogalops guttatus Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2014
Coryogalops guttatus Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014b: 518; holo-
type: SMF 35230 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 150
(Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Coryogalops nanus Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2016
Coryogalops nanus Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2016: 344; holotype:
SMF 35753 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 150 (Red
Sea, listed).
Gobiidae sp. 3 — Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 4, left (Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Coryogalops ocheticus (Norman, 1927)
Gobius ocheticus Norman, 1927: 381; lectotype: BMNH 1925.9.19.113-116 (Suez Canal, Egypt).
Cabillus anchialinae Klausewitz, 1975: 204.
Monishia anchialinae — Goren 1979a: 46 (Red Sea).
Monishia ochetica — Miller 1978: 41 (Suez Canal, Egypt).
Coryogalops ocheticus — Kovačić et al. 2016: 343 (Gulf of Suez, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018:
150 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Coryogalops pseudomonospilus Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2014
Coryogalops pseudomonospilus Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014b:
522; holotype: SMF 35213 (Al Khoraybah, northern Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani &
Fricke 2018: 150 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Cryptocentroides Popta, 1922
Cryptocentroides arabicus (Gmelin, 1789)
Gobius arabicus Gmelin, 1789: 1198; no types known (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Rüp-
pell, 1838: 139 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Klunzinger 1871: 478 (El Quseir, Egypt); Tortonese
1937: 201 (Eritrea).
Gobius anguillaris Forsskål, 1775: 23.
Gobius djiddensis Bonnaterre, 1788: 64.
Gobius bimaculatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 108.
Amblycentrus arabicus — Goren 1979a: 23 (Red Sea).
Cryptocentroides arabicus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 150 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Socotra Archipelago, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Cryptocentrus Valenciennes, 1837
The genus Cryptocentrus Valenciennes, 1837 was represented in the Red Sea by four
species: C. caeruleopunctatus (Rüppell, 1830), C. cryptocentrus (Valenciennes, 1837),
C. fasciatus (Playfair, 1867) and C. lutheri (Klausewitz, 1960) (Golani & Fricke 2018).
A fifth species of the genus, C. steinhardti Goren & Stern, 2021, originally described
from Israel, eastern Mediterranean Sea and was photographed in several localities of
southern Turkey. A recent photograph of a shrimpgoby taken by Rafi Amar in Eilat,
Israel, does not match any species known from the Red Sea but agrees’ with the original
description by C. steinhardti and with photographs from Turkey, revealed that this
shrimpgoby from Eilat belongs to C. steinhardti and represents a new record for the Red
Sea.

Zoology in the Middle East 9
Cryptocentrus caeruleopunctatus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius caeruleopunctatus Rüppell, 1830: 134; lectotype: SMF 1936 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea).
Gobius coeruleopunctatus — Klunzinger 1871: 479 (Red Sea); Borsieri 1904: 204 (Massawa,
Eritrea).
Gobius pavoninus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 112.
Cryptocentrus caeruleopunctatus — Klausewitz 1960: 150 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia);
Klausewitz 1964b: 139 (Hurghada, Egypt); Klausewitz 1967b: 58 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi
Arabia); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Goren 1979a: 28 (Red Sea); Randall 1983: 161 (Nabq,
Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Lieske & Myers 2004: 189 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Debelius 2011: 177
(Shaab Marsa Alam, Egypt); Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2F (Dahab, Egypt); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 150 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 103, row 4 (El Quseir, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and inner Gulf of Aden, immigrant to the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Cryptocentrus cryptocentrus (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius cryptocentrus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 111; syntypes: MNHN A-
1166 & ZMB 2077 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea).
Cryptocentrus meleagris Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 111.
Cryptocentrus fasciatus Ehrenberg in Klunzinger, 1871: 479.
Cryptocentrus cryptocentrus — Klausewitz 1960: 150 (Hurghada, Egypt and Massawa, Eritrea);
Randall 1983: 161 (Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Lieske & Myers 2004: 190 (Marsa Shagra, Egypt);
Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2E (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea,
listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 103, row 3, right (El Quseir, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Cryptocentrus fasciatus (Playfair, 1867) (Figure 1A)
Gobiosoma fasciatum Playfair in Playfair & Günther, 1867: 72; holotype: BMNH 1867.3.7.495
(Zanzibar).
Cryptocentrus fasciatus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Zanzibar, east to New Caledonia.
Remarks: Randall (1995) included Red Sea in range of distribution but without citing material or
any publication. The underwater photograph from Saudi Arabia, to which Randall (1995) referred
its record, is represented in present study.
Cryptocentrus lutheri Klausewitz, 1960
Cryptocentrus lutheri Klausewitz, 1960: 154; holotype: SMF 4773 (Sarad-Sarso Island, Farasan
Islands, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Goren 1979a: 30 (Red Sea); Randall 1983: 161 (Egypt, Gulf
of Aqaba); Lieske & Myers 2004: 187 (Movenpick Bay, El Quseir, Egypt); Freinschlag &
Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2G (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea, listed); Ryan-
skiy 2022: 104, row 1 (Marsa Nakari & Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Tanzania, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Cryptocentrus steinhardti Goren & Stern, 2021 (Figure 1B)
Cryptocentrus steinhardti Goren & Stern, 2021: 3; holotype: SMNH P-16037 (Israel, Mediter-
ranean Sea) — present study (Eilat, Israel).
Distinctive characters: Dorsal-fin rays VI + I,10; anal-fin rays I,9; pectoral-fin rays 15; longitudi-
nal scale series 59–61; body elongate, the depth 6.5 in SL; eyes elevated above dorsal profile;
third and fourth spines of first dorsal fin longest, elongate; both dorsal fins subequal; pelvic fins
joined medially, reaching anus; caudal fin rounded, clearly longer than head length; body covered
with scales; no scales on head and pectoral-fin base.
Colouration: Body whitish with three slightly oblique brown bars, the first below first dorsal fin,
second and third below anterior and posterior part of second dorsal fin respectively, large irregu-
lar brown spot at caudal-fin base, and scattered irregular brown markings in pale interspaces;
predorsal area, nape and opercle with small irregular dark brown blotches; first dorsal fin with

10 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Figure 1. A– Cryptocentrus fasciatus, Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, Jeddah, Obhur; B– Cryptocentrus
steinhardti, Red Sea, Isral, Eilat; C– Eviota oculopiperita, Red Sea, Egypt, El Quseir, Mangrove
Bay; D– Eviota pseudostigma, Red Sea, Egypt, El Quseir, Mangrove Bay. Photos by J. E. Randall
(A), R. Amar (B), N. Michiels (C), S. V. Bogorodsky (D).
three irregular brown bands on basal half of posterior two-thirds of the fin; second dorsal fin with
irregular brown spots on white membranes on basal half of the fin.
Distribution and habitat: Cryptocentrus steinhardti was described from the area of Ashdod
(southern Israel), based on three specimens collected at 60-80 m depth. It was later identified in
underwater photographs taken in southern Turkey at Kaş (Goren & Stern 2021; Kovačić et al.
2022). In the Mediterranean Sea, it inhabits soft substrata of open sandy areas at depths of 11–80
m. It has been observed to share a burrow with snapping shrimps (Goren & Stern 2021; P. Louisy
unpubl. observations). We photographed an individual at Eilat (northern tip of the Gulf of Aqaba)
in an open silty sand area at a depth of 4 m.
Remarks: Cryptocentrus is an Indo-West Pacific genus containing 37 species. The individual
photographed in the Red Sea well matches the description of C. steinhardti provided by Goren
and Stern (2021). It differs from four other Red Sea congeners in its large scales (number of
scales in longitudinal series 59–61 versus 77–108) and lower count of gill rakers on lower limb of
first gill arch (8–9 versus 11–13), and its distinctive colour pattern of three oblique brown bars on
body with light brown markings in pale interspaces.
Ctenogobiops Smith, 1959
Ctenogobiops crocineus Smith, 1959
Ctenogobiops crocineus Smith, 1959: 191; holotype: SAIAB 201 (Mahé, Seychelles) — Goren
1979a: 33 (Eilat, Israel); Kovačić et al. 2011: 65 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 151 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row 2, left (Egypt, Sinai).
Ctenogobiops maculosus (non Fourmanoir) — Randall 1983: 162 (Eilat, Israel); Lieske & Myers
2004: 190 (Marsa Shagra, Egypt); Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2D (Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Comoro Islands and Seychelles, east to Fiji.
Ctenogobiops feroculus Lubbock & Polunin, 1977
Ctenogobiops feroculus Lubbock & Polunin, 1977: 509; holotype: BMNH 1975.5.5.22 (New
Caledonia) — Lubbock & Polunin, 1977: 511 (paratype, Towartit Reef, Sudan); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Society Islands.

Zoology in the Middle East 11
Ctenogobiops maculosus (Fourmanoir, 1955)
Cryptocentroides maculosus Fourmanoir in Roux-Estève & Fourmanoir, 1955: 201; holotype:
MNHN 1952-0297 (Abu Latt Island, Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).
Ctenogobiops maculosus — Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Goren 1979a: 34 (Farasan Archipela-
go, Saudi Arabia and Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea); Kovačić et al. 2011: 61 (Red Sea); Golani
& Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row 3, left (Egypt, Sinai).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Discordipinna Hoese & Fourmanoir, 1978
Discordipinna griessingeri Hoese & Fourmanoir, 1978
Discordipinna griessingeri Hoese & Fourmanoir, 1978: 21; holotype: USNM 214889 (Al-
Humayrah, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 151 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mauritius, east to Marquesas and Hawaiian Islands.
Eviota Jenkins, 1903
The genus Eviota Jenkins, 1903 was represented in the Red Sea by eight species: E.
distigma Jordan & Seale, 1906; E. geminata Greenfield & Bogorodsky, 2014; E. guttata
Lachner & Karnella, 1978; E. marerubrum Tornabene, Greenfield & Erdmann, 2021; E.
oculopiperita Greenfield & Bogorodsky, 2014; E. pardalota Lachner & Karnella, 1978;
E. prasina (Klunzinger, 1871); and E. punyit Tornabene, Valdez & Erdmann, 2016. A
single specimen of the genus Eviota, similar to E. geminata, was photographed and
collected by the first author inside Mangrove Bay, Egypt. Close examination of the
image and the specimen indicates it as apparently E. pseudostigma Lachner & Karnella
1980, although, as described below, it differs in some minor aspects from the E. pseudo-
stigma known from several islands of the Western Indian Ocean.
Another rare species is Eviota oculopiperita Greenfield & Bogorodsky, 2014,
which, previously known only from north-eastern coast of Saudi Arabia, was photo-
graphed in Mangrove Bay, El Quseir, Egypt, representing an extension of its known
distribution range. An examination of photographs taken from different regions of the
Red Sea did not add any new record of this species from other parts of the Red Sea. We
therefore cannot rule out the possibility that this species is restricted to the northern half
of the main basin of the Red Sea.
Eviota distigma Jordan & Seale, 1906
Eviota distigma Jordan & Seale, 1906: 389; lectotype: CAS-SU 8710 (Tutuila, American Samoa)
— Marshall 1952: 240 (Sharm el Sheikh and Graa, Egypt); Lachner & Karnella 1978: 7 (Red
Sea); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 109 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 152
(Red Sea, listed).
Eviota stigmapteron Smith, 1958b — Clark 1968: 6 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mascarene Islands, east to Pitcairn Islands.
Eviota geminata Greenfield & Bogorodsky, 2014
Eviota geminata Greenfield & Bogorodsky in Greenfield, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014: 6; holotype:
SMF 34956 (off Duba, northern Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red
Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Eviota guttata Lachner & Karnella, 1978
Eviota guttata Lachner & Karnella, 1978: 9; holotype: USNM 218013 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red
Sea) — Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 110 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row 4, left (Sharm el Sheikh,
Egypt).

12 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Distribution: Red Sea south to islands of the Western Indian Ocean, east to Samoan Islands.
Eviota marerubrum Tornabene, Greenfield & Erdmann, 2021
Eviota marerubrum Tornabene, Greenfield & Erdmann, 2021: 161; holotype: USNM 218035
(Bay at El Himeira, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea) — Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row 4, right
(Egypt, Sinai).
Eviota prasites (non Jordan & Seale) — Debelius 2011: 183 (Marsa Galeb, Egypt).
Eviota zebrina (non Lachner & Karnella) — Lachner & Karnella 1978: 15 (Red Sea); Herler &
Hilgers 2005: 114 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Eviota oculopiperita Greenfield & Bogorodsky, 2014 (Figure 1C)
Eviota oculopiperita Greenfield & Bogorodsky in Greenfield, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014: 2; holo-
type: SMF 34955 (Al-Wajh Bank, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row 5, left (Red Sea).
Distinctive characters: Dorsal-fin rays VI + I,8; anal-fin rays I,8; pectoral-fin rays 15, all rays
unbranched; cephalic pore system incomplete, lacking posterior interorbital and intertemporal
pores, anterior interorbital pore enlarged; first dorsal fin triangular in shape, the spines filamen-
tous in male; pelvic fin with fourth ray with nine branches, length of fifth ray about one-fourth the
length of fourth ray.
Colouration: Translucent greenish, flecked with irregular small brown marks and a few whitish
speckles dorsally; scales outlined with yellowish brown; a white line visible running internally
along the vertebral column, interrupted by six dark brown streaks; side of abdomen with a large
irregular reddish brown blotch, bisected by a narrow greenish bar, followed by a smaller blotch
above anal-fin origin; body with a posterior series of six chevron-shaped yellow-brown marks;
side of head with a dark brown blotch with a tapering dark brown band extending obliquely back
from blotch beneath ventral portion of pectoral-fin base; iris white, with short reddish brown or
red bars radiating from pupil; white area on upper pectoral-fin base extending onto pectoral fin.
Distribution and habitat: Appears endemic to the northern half of the Red Sea. Only a few speci-
mens have been collected so far: at Al-Wajh Bank, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; and another individual
was observed in the lagoon at Al-Khuraybah, northern Saudi Arabia. Typically found on top of
small coral patches in lagoons, at depths of 2–10 m. The photographed individual from Mangrove
Bay was found in shallow water of the bay on a black sponge along the bottom of the reef slope at
a depth of 5 m.
Remarks: The fish photographed in Mangrove Bay well matches the description of Eviota oculo-
piperita given by Greenfield et al. (2014). Its distribution range extends from the north-eastern
coast of the Red Sea to the opposite side on the Egyptian coast. The species is easily confused
with the similar greenish E. guttata Lachner & Karnella, 1978, which differs in having a complete
cephalic pore system, brown marks on top of the eye, and a slightly elongate dark red spot behind
the eye.
Eviota pardalota Lachner & Karnella, 1978
Eviota pardalota Lachner & Karnella, 1978: 11; holotype: USNM 218006 (Gulf of Suez, Egypt,
Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Socotra Archipelago, east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Eviota prasina (Klunzinger, 1871)
Eleotris prasinus Klunzinger, 1871: 481; lectotype: SMF 1693 (Al-Quseir, Egypt, Red Sea) —
Borsieri 1904: 206 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea).
Eviota prasinus — Clark 1968: 5 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea).
Eviota prasina — Lachner & Karnella 1978: 13 (Red Sea); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 111 (Dahab,
Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 104, row
5, right (Nabq, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Norfolk Island.

Zoology in the Middle East 13
Eviota pseudostigma Lachner & Karnella, 1980 (Figure 1D)
Eviota pseudostigma Lachner & Karnella, 1980: 41; holotype: USNM 219289 (Seychelles) —
present study (Mangrove Bay, Egypt).
Material examined: SMF uncatalogued [sample of tissue KAU21-556], 1.0 cm SL, Mangrove
Bay, El Quseir, Egypt, 2 m, 16 October 2021.
Distinctive characters: Dorsal-fin rays VI + I,8; anal-fin rays I,8; pectoral-fin rays 15–17, some
rays branched; pelvic fin with fifth ray absent; cephalic pore system complete; first dorsal fin
triangular in shape, first spine elongate with a short filament in males, no elongate spines in fe-
males.
Colouration: Body pale grey dorsally, graduating to pale orangish brown ventrally, scale edges
dark brown on dorsal half of body; six dark brown bars on body, the first two bars from first
dorsal fin, and four short bars on ventral half posteriorly, two of them below second dorsal fin and
two on caudal peduncle; head white with three dark brown transverse bands on nape and predor-
sal area; operculum and posterior cheek with numerous tiny black spots; dark brown bar, overlaid
posteriorly with yellow, below orbit, extending to the corner of mouth; a slightly oblique dusky
orange bar crossing pupil, also four narrow brown bands radiating anteriorly and dusky orange
mark posteriorly on pupil; first dorsal fin with a broad orange-brown band on basal half interrupt-
ed by a pale area proximally at the third spine; dorsal part of the pectoral-fin base with a dark
yellow spot, no black marking in prepectoral area.
Distribution and habitat: Confined to the Western Indian Ocean, previously known from the
Seychelles, Comoros and Amirante Islands. A single specimen photographed and collected in
Mangrove Bay was found at the base of the fringing reef of a small isolated coral reef at a depth
of 3 m.
Remarks: The specimen from Egypt largely matches the description of Eviota pseudostigma
provided by Lachner and Karnella (1980), except in lacking the black marking on pectoral-fin
base (versus a black bar across pectoral-fin base, more obvious ventrally), bar below eye extend-
ing to corner of mouth (versus bar from eye crossing lips before the corner of mouth), and first
dorsal fin with an orange-brown band on basal half interrupted by a pale area (versus first dorsal
fin unicoloured). The specimen examined is similar to the Red Sea endemic E. geminata but
differs in having two bars on caudal peduncle (versus one bar), three obvious transverse bands on
nape and predorsal area (versus two pale yellow bands on nape and predorsal area), presence of
complete cephalic pore system (versus lacking of anterior otic and intertemporal pores), lacking
black markings on pectoral-fin base (versus black bar ventrally on pectoral-fin base), and bar
below eye extending to corner of mouth (rather than bar from eye crossing lips before the corner
of mouth). Additional specimens are needed in order to determine whether the Red Sea popula-
tion represents an undescribed species or colour variation of E. pseudostigma. Paratypes of E.
pseudostigma from the South Pacific Ocean were described as a distinct species, E. randalli
Greenfield, 2009.
Eviota punyit Tornabene, Valdez & Erdmann, 2016
Eviota puniyt Tornabene, Valdez & Erdmann in Tornabene, Valdez, Erdmann & Pezold, 2016: 6;
holotype: CAS 238167 (Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 152 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 105, row 1, left (El Quseir, Egypt).
Eviota sebreei (non Jordan & Seale) — Lachner & Karnella 1978: 14 (Red Sea); Khalaf 2004: 46
(Jordan); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 113 (Dahab, Gulf of Aqaba); Debelius 2011: 182 (Dahab,
Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Comoro Islands, east to Japan.
Feia Smith, 1959
Feia nympha Smith, 1959
Feia nympha Smith, 1959a: 206; holotype: SAIAB 256 (Pinda, Mozambique) — Bogorodsky et
al. 2010: 118 (Sanganeb Reef, Sudan); Kovačić & Bogorodsky 2016: 349 (Al Wajh bank, Sau-
di Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Tonga.

14 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Fusigobius Whitley, 1930
Fusigobius humerosus Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2023
Fusigobius humerosus Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Alpermann in Bogorodsky, Kovačić, Mal &
Alpermann, 2023: 106; holotype: SMF 35901 (Farasan Island, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).
Coryphopterus humeralis (non Randall) — Randall 2001b: 214 (Red Sea).
Fusigobius humeralis (non Randall) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy
2022: 105, line 2, left (Sharm el Naga, Egypt).
Fusigobius maximus (non Randall) — Ryanskiy 2022: 105, row 3, left (Egypt, Sinai).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Fusigobius longispinus Goren, 1978
Fusigobius longispinus Goren, 1978b: 201; holotype: HUJ 7018 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) — Khalaf
& Disi 1997: 186 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 105, row 2, right (Red Sea).
Coryphopterus longispinus — Randall 2001: 209, Fig. 9 (Gulf of Aqaba); Lieske & Myers 2004:
192 (Ras Mamlah, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Fusigobius maximus (Randall, 2001)
Coryphopterus maximus Randall, 2001: 215; holotype: BPBM 28539 (Negros Island, Philippines)
— Randall 2001: 216 (Hanish Island, Yemen).
Fusigobius maximus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Southern Red Sea south to Comoro Islands, east to New Caledonia.
Fusigobius neophytus (Günther, 1877)
Gobius neophytus Günther, 1877: 174; syntypes: BMNH 1876.3.4.68, 1876.3.4.72 &
1876.5.19.74, NMW 33902 (Caroline Islands, Samoa and French Polynesia).
Fusigobius neophytus africanus Smith, 1959 — Goren 1979a: 39 (Red Sea).
Coryphopterus neophytus — Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan).
Fusigobius neophytus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 105, row
3, right (Red Sea).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to French Polynesia.
Gladiogobius Herre, 1933
Gladiogobius rex Shibukawa & Allen, 2007
Gladiogobius rex Shibukawa & Allen, 2007: 204; holotype: PMBC 16650 (Phuket, Thailand,
Andaman Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed).
Gladiogobius ensifer (non Herre) — Goren 1979a: 40 (Nocra, Eritrea).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Indonesia (Java).
Glossogobius Gill, 1859
Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822)
Gobius giuris Hamilton, 1822: 51; no types known (“Gangetic provinces of India”).
Glossogobius giuris — Goren 1979a: 41 (Massawa, Eritrea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red
Sea, listed).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to South Africa, east to the Philippines.
Gobiodon Bleeker, 1856
Gobiodon ater Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013
Gobiodon ater Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013: 314; holotype: NMW 94612 (Dahab, Egypt,
Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed).
Gobiodon ceramensis (non Bleeker) — Bamber 1915: 483 (Sudan).

Zoology in the Middle East 15
Gobiodon sp. 2 — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 121 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Gobiodon bilineatus Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013
Gobiodon bilineatus Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013: 303; holotype: NMW 95077 (Dahab,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 154 (Red Sea, listed).
Gobiodon sp. 1 — Bogorodsky et al. 2010: 121 (Shams Alam, Egypt and Hanish Island, Yemen).
Distribution: Red Sea and Socotra Archipelago.
Gobiodon citrinus (Rüppell, 1838)
Gobius citrinus Rüppell, 1838: 139; syntypes: SMF 1873 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea).
Gobiodon citrinus — Klunzinger 1871: 480 (El Quseir, Egypt); Bamber 1915: 483 (Sudan);
Marshall 1952: 241 (Sanafir Island, Saudi Arabia and Sharm el Sheikh, Egypt); Randall 1983:
165 (Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 187 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jor-
dan); Lieske & Myers 2004: 187 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 115 (Dahab,
Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Debelius 2011: 181 (Marsa Galeb, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 155
(Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 106, line 1 (Sharm el Naga, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Samoan Islands.
Gobiodon fuscoruber Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013
Gobiodon fuscoruber Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013: 318; holotype: NMW 95079 (Dahab,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed).
Gobiodon sp. 3 — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 122 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Rodrigues, east to Japan.
Gobiodon histrio (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius histrio Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 132; syntypes: MNHN 0000-3098
(Java, Indonesia and Tonga).
Gobiodon erythrospilus (non Bleeker) — Marshall 1952: 241 (Dahab and Tiran Island, Egypt).
Gobiodon histrio — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 116 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke
2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 106, row 3, left (Egypt).
Gobiodon rivulatus (non Rüppell) — Lieske & Myers 2004: 194 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Comoro Islands, east to Samoan Islands.
Gobiodon irregularis Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013
Gobiodon irregularis Herler, Bogorodsky & Suzuki, 2013: 309; holotype: NMW 95078 (Dahab,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 106, row 4
(Egypt & Saudi Arabia).
Gobiodon sp. 1 — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 120 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Gobiodon prolixus Winterbottom & Harold, 2005
Gobiodon prolixus Winterbottom & Harold, 2005: 583; holotype: ROM 73338 (Vietnam) —
Bogorodsky et al. 2010: 120 (Hanish Island, Yemen); Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea,
listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mascarene Islands, east to Tuamotu Archipelago.
Gobiodon reticulatus Playfair, 1867
Gobiodon reticulatus Playfair in Playfair & Günther, 1867: 72; syntypes: BMNH 1864.3.30.11 &
1867.3.9.515-517 (Gulf of Aden) — Bamber 1915: 483 (Sudan); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 187 (Aq-
aba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 117 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of
Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 106, row 2, right (Egypt,
Sinai).
Gobiodon punctatus Kossmann & Räuber, 1877a: 400.
Distribution: Red Sea and Socotra Archipelago east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.

16 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Gobiodon rivulatus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius rivulatus Rüppell, 1830: 136; syntypes: SMF 586 & ?BMNH 1860.12.3.8-9 (Jubal Island,
Egypt, Red Sea).
Gobiodon venustus Sauvage, 1880: 51.
Gobiodon quinquestrigatus (non Valenciennes) — Marshall 1952: 241 (northern Red Sea).
Gobiodon rivulatus — Klunzinger 1871: 481 (El Quseir, Egypt); Borsieri 1904: 204 (Eritrea);
Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952: 10 (Eilat, Israel); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 118 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf
of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 106, line 5 (Ras Mo-
hammed, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Tuamotu Archipelago.
Gobius Linnaeus, 1758
Gobius cobitis Pallas, 1814
Gobius cobitis Pallas, 1814: 160; no types known (Crimea, Black Sea) — Goren & Klausewitz
1979: 21 (Abu Durba, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 155 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea; immigrant to the Gulf of
Suez via the Suez Canal.
Gobius paganellus Linnaeus, 1758
Gobius paganellus Linnaeus, 1758: 263; no types known (Mediterranean Sea) — Goren &
Klausewitz 1979: 22 (El Hamira, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Eastern Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, and Black Sea; immigrant to the Gulf of
Suez via the Suez Canal.
Hazeus Jordan & Snyder, 1901
The genus Hazeus Jordan & Snyder, 1901 was represented in the Red Sea by a single
species: Hazeus elati (Goren, 1984) (Golani and Fricke 2018). Recently, an examination
of photographs taken by Bart Hazes in Abu Dabab, Marsa Alam (Red Sea, Egypt) re-
vealed several images of an unknown sand goby. A close comparison with the original
description and photographs of Hazeus ingressus Engin, Larson & Erhan, 2018 from
Turkey, eastern Mediterranean Sea, revealed that the sand goby from Abu Dabab is in
fact Hazeus ingressus and represents a new record for the Red Sea.
Hazeus elati (Goren, 1984)
Oplopomops elati Goren, 1984b: 20; holotype: SMF 19424 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea).
Hazeus elati — Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 4, right
(Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Hazeus ingressus Engin, Larson & Irmak, 2018 (Figure 2)
Hazeus ingressus Engin, Larson & Irmak, 2018: 318; holotype: IKC.PIS 1170 (Fethiye, Turkey,
Mediterranean Sea) — present study (Abu Dabab, Marsa Alam, Egypt).
Distinctive characters: Dorsal-fin rays VI + I,8; anal-fin rays I,8–9; pectoral-fin rays 17–18; longi-
tudinal scale series 25–28; body moderately elongate, the depth 5.0–6.3 in SL; stout head with
slightly rounded snout and large eyes extending slightly above dorsal profile; first spine of first
and second dorsal fins stout and sharp-tipped; third spine of the first dorsal fin longest but not
elongate; caudal fin rounded, shorter than head length; body, nape, cheek and opercle scaled.
Colouration: Pale grey with numerous small irregular brown spots on body and dorsally on head,
and a row of five irregular blackish blotches along midside, first below first dorsal fin, fifth on
caudal-fin base; head with a brown marking below eye; first dorsal fin without a black spot poste-
riorly, second dorsal fin with brown streaks along rays; no rows of elongate spots on cheek and no
longitudinal eye stripe.
Distribution and habitat: Hazeus ingressus was previously known only from the type specimens

Zoology in the Middle East 17
Figure 2. Hazeus ingressus, Red Sea, Egypt, Marsa Alam, Abu Dabab. Photo by B. Hazes.
collected at Fethiye off the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, where it inhabits sandy bottom in
sheltered bays and lagoons at depths of 5–37 m. Here we report the occurrence of the species in
the Red Sea in the Abu Dabab lagoon (Marsa Alam), Egypt, on silty sand bottom at a depth of
12 m.
Remarks: Hazeus is a small Indo-West Pacific genus containing six species, one of which, H.
elati (Goren, 1984), is known from the Red Sea. Hazeus ingressus was first described based on 11
specimens from the south-western Mediterranean coast of Turkey. It was suggested that the spe-
cies originates from the Red Sea and the present finding supports this assumption. The fish pho-
tographed in the Red Sea well matches the description provided by Engin et al. (2018). Hazeus
ingressus differs from H. elati, the only species of Hazeus known from the Red Sea, in having a
larher number of scales in the longitudinal series (25–28 versus 23–25), and in lacking any dis-
tinct black spot on the first dorsal fin of either sex (versus black blotch at the rear of the first
dorsal fin).
Hetereleotris Bleeker, 1874
Hetereleotris aurantiaca Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2019
Hetereleotris aurantiaca Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2019b: 504;
holotype: SMF 35966 (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Hetereleotris bipunctata Tortonese, 1976
Hetereleotris bipunctata Tortonese, 1976: 191; holotype: MZUF 2179 (Gulf of Aden) — Hoese
1986: 8 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea east to Oman.
Hetereleotris diademata (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius diadematus Rüppell, 1830: 137; holotype: MZUF 2179 (Gulf of Suez, Egypt, Red Sea).
Lioteres (Pseudolioteres) simulans Smith, 1958: 157.
Gobiosoma diadematum — Klunzinger 1871: 483 (El Quseir, Egypt).
Hetereleotris diadematus — Clark 1968: 7 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 10 (Eritrea).
Hetereleotris diademata — Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952: 10 (Eilat, Israel); Hoese 1986: 10 (Red
Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed); Kovačić et al. 2019a: 188 (Hurghada,
Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.

18 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Hetereleotris dorsovittata Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2014
Hetereleotris dorsovittata Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014a: 120;
holotype: SMF 35229 (Farasan Islands, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 156
(Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Hetereleotris psammophila Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2014
Hetereleotris psammophila Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2014: 476; holotype: PMR VP3054 (Dahab,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed); Kovačić & Bogorodsky 2019:
514 (Dahab and Sharm el Naga, Egypt); Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 5, left (Sharm el Naga,
Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Hetereleotris semisquamata Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2019
Hetereleotris semisquamata Kovačić & Bogorodsky in Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2019b: 509;
holotype: PMR VP3053 (Shams Alam, Egypt, Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Hetereleotris vulgaris (Klunzinger, 1871)
Gobiosoma vulgare Klunzinger, 1871: 484; syntypes: MCZ 3815, SMNS 12138, ZIN 2644 &
ZMB 8030 (Al-Quseir, Egypt, Red Sea) — Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952: 10 (Eilat, Israel).
Lioteres vulgare — Clark 1968: 7 (Eritrea).
Lioteres vulgaris — Clark et al 1968: 10 (Eritrea).
Hetereleotris vulgare — Marshall 1952: 241 (northern Red Sea).
Hetereleotris vulgaris — Hoese 1986: 18 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 156 (Red Sea, listed);
Kovačić et al. 2019a: 188 (Red Sea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Pakistan; immigrant to the eastern
Mediterranean Sea.
Istigobius Whitley, 1932
Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927)
Rhinogobius decoratus Herre, 1927: 181; neotype: USNM 254289 (Leyte Island, Philippines).
Acentrogobius spence (non Smith) — Goren 1978a: 143 (Red Sea); Goren 1979a: 22 (Red Sea).
Istigobius decoratus — Murdy & Hoese 1985: 29 (Red Sea); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske &
Myers 2004: 193 (Hurghada, Egypt); Debelius 2011: 180 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018:
157 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 108, row 1 (Red Sea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Samoan Islands.
Istigobius ornatus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius ornatus Rüppell, 1830: 135; lectotype: SMF 1738 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea) —
Klunzinger 1871: 473 (El Quseir, Egypt); Borsieri 1904: 206 (Eritrea); Tortonese 1937: 199
(Eritrea).
Gobius ehrenbergii Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 63.
Gobius ventralis Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 113.
Acentrogobius ornatus — Marshall 1952: 241 (Abu Zabad, Egypt); Klausewitz 1964b: 138
(Hurghada, Egypt); Klausewitz 1967b: 52 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia); Goren 1979a:
21 (Red Sea).
Istigobius ornatus — Murdy & Hoese 1985: 9 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 157 (Red Sea,
listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 108, row 2, left (El Quseir, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Fiji.

Zoology in the Middle East 19
Koumansetta Whitley, 1940
Koumansetta hoesei Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2018
Koumansetta hoesei Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Alpermann in Kovačić, Bogorodsky, Mal &
Alpermann, 2018: 457; holotype: SMF 35723 (Al-Lith, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Ryanskiy
2022: 108, row 2, right (Egypt, Sinai).
Amblygobius hectoti (non Smith) — Randall 1983: 165 (Eilat, Israel); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 185
(Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Debelius 2011: 179 (Wingate, Sudan).
Seychellea hectori (non Smith) — Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea); Goren
1979a: 51 (Red Sea).
Koumansetta hectori (non Smith) — Lieske & Myers 2004: 192 (Abu Galum, Egypt); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 157 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Lotilia Klausewitz, 1960
Lotilia graciliosa Klausewitz, 1960
Lotilia graciliosa Klausewitz, 1960: 158; holotype: SMF 4794 (Sarad-Sarso Island, Farasan
Islands, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Goren 1979a: 44 (Red Sea); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan);
Lieske & Myers 2004: 190 (Movenpick Bay, El Quseir, Egypt); Debelius 2011: 177 (El Quseir,
Egypt); Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2B (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 157
(Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 108, row 3, left (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique and Madagascar.
Luposicya Smith, 1959
Luposicya lupus Smith, 1959
Luposicya lupus Smith, 1959: 217, holotype: SAIAB 266 (Pinda, Mozambique) — Goren 1984a:
80 (Tiran Island, Egypt); Larson 1990: 3 (Harat Island, Eritrea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 157
(Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Australia (Great Barrier Reef) and
Japan.
Macrodontogobius Herre, 1936
Macrodontogobius wilburi Herre, 1936
Macrodontogobius wilburi Herre, 1936: 279; holotype: CAS-SU 29073 (Palau) — Bogorodsky et
al. 2011: 217 (Hamata, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 157 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022:
109, row 1, left (Sharm el Naga, Egypt).
Acentrogobius belissimus (non Smith) — Goren 1979c: 160 (Suakin Archipelago, Sudan).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Samoan Islands.
Mahidolia Smith, 1932
Mahidolia mystacina (Valenciennes, 1837) (Figure 3A)
Gobius mystacinus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 124; holotype: MNHN 0000-
2967 (Java, Indonesia).
Mahidolia mystacina — Ryanskiy 2022: 108, row 4 (Wadi Lahami, southern Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to Samoan Islands.
Obliquogobius Koumans, 1941
Obliquogobius turkayi Goren, 1992
Obliquogobius turkayi Goren, 1992: 267; holotype: SMF 23174 (off southern Sudan, Red Sea) —
Golani & Fricke 2018: 157 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.

20 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Figure 3. A– Mahidolia mystacina, Red Sea, Egypt, Wadi Lahami; B– Tomiyamichthys lanceola-
tus, Red Sea, Egypt, Wadi Lahami. Photos by A. Ryanskiy.
Oplopomus Valenciennes, 1837
Oplopomus oplopomus (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius oplopomus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 66; syntypes: ?MNHN uncat.
& ZMB 2060-61 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea).
Oplopomus pulcher Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 66.
Gobius bitelatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 89.
Oplopomus oplopomus — Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Goren 1979a: 48 (Nocra, Eritrea);
Lieske & Myers 2004: 193 (Marsa Alam, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 158 (Red Sea, listed);
Ryanskiy 2022: 108, row 5 (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Society Islands.
Palutrus Smith, 1959
Palutrus scapulopunctatus (de Beaufort, 1912)
Gobius (Rhinogobius) scapulopunctatus de Beaufort, 1912: 137; syntypes: ZMA 111885
(Waigeo, Indonesia).
Acentrogobius meteori Klausewitz & Zander, 1967: 85 — Goren 1979a: 20 (Red Sea).
Palutrus sp. — Bogorodsky et al. 2010: 127 (Shams Alam, Egypt).
Palutrus scapulopunctatus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 158 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to southern Japan.
Papillogobius Gill & Miller, 1990
Papillogobius melanobranchus (Fowler, 1934)
Rhinogobius melanobranchus Fowler, 1934: 82; holotype: ANSP 56333 (Bali, Indonesia).
Silhouettea chaimi Goren, 1978b: 197.
Favonigobius melanobranchus — Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed).
Papillogobius melanobranchus — Kovačić & Bogorodsky 2013a: 370 (northern Red Sea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Palau.
Papillogobius reichei (Bleeker, 1854)
Gobius reichei Bleeker, 1854: 509; holotype: RMNH 4672 (Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia).
Gobius koseirensis Klunzinger, 1871: 474.
Oplopomus reichei — Goren 1989: 237 (Nabq, Egypt).
Favonigobius reichei — Golani & Fricke 2018: 153 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Vanuatu.

Zoology in the Middle East 21
Paragobiodon Bleeker, 1873
Paragobiodon echinocephalus (Rüppell, 1830)
Gobius echinocephalus Rüppell, 1830: 136; syntypes: BMNH 1860.12.3.2-3, SMF 1722 (lost),
ZMB 2087-89, 6553 & 15589 (Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea) — Klunzinger 1871: 475 (El
Quseir, Egypt); Borsieri 1904: 205 (Eritrea); Bamber 1915: 483 (Sudan).
Paragobiodon echinocephalus — Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 158 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 1, left (Red Sea).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mascarene Islands, east to Tonga.
Paragobiodon lacunicolus (Kendall & Goldsborough, 1911)
Ruppellia lacunicola Kendall & Goldsborough, 1911: 318; holotype: USNM 66006 (Fakarava
Atoll, French Polynesia).
Paragobiodon lacunicolus — Alpermann et al. 2013: 1361 (Red Sea).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to French Polynesia.
Paragobiodon modestus (Regan, 1908)
Gobiopterus modestus Regan, 1908: 242; syntypes: BMNH 1908.3.23.235-241, 1908.3.23.242-
247, 1908.3.23.248-250 & 1980.6.12.1 (Chagos Archipelago).
Paragobiodon modestus — Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 2, left (Dahab, Egypt).
Paragobiodon echinocephalus (non Rüppell) — Ben-Tuvia & Steinitz 1952: 10 (Eilat, Israel);
Herler & Hilgers 2005: 123 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Tuamotu Archipelago.
Paragobiodon xanthosoma (Bleeker, 1853)
Gobius xanthosoma Bleeker, 1853: 703; holotype: RMNH 4545 (Seram, Molucca Islands, Indo-
nesia).
Paragobiodon xanthosoma — Goren & Voldarsky 1980: 150 (Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke
2018: 158 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 107, row 2, right (Eilat, Israel).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Samoan Islands.
Pleurosicya Weber, 1913
Pleurosicya bilobata (Koumans, 1941)
Cottogobius bilobatus Koumans, 1941: 253; lectotype: USNM 203588 (Muthivaratu Paar, India)
— Goren et al. 2023: 120 (Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mauritius, east to Mariana Islands.
Pleurosicya mossambica Smith, 1959
Pleurosicya mossambica Smith, 1959: 218; holotype: SAIAB 227 (Baixo do Pinda Mozambique)
— Goren 1984a: 72 (Marsa Barecha, Egypt); Larson 1990: 32 (types of P. sinaia); Debelius
2011: 185 (Dahlak, Eritrea); Fricke et al. 2015: 217 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 159 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 109, row 2, left (Hamata, Egypt); Goren et al. 2023: 121 (Egypt).
Pleurosicya sinaia Goren, 1984a: 74.
Pleurosicya micheli (non Fourmanoir) — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 125 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of
Aqaba); Debelius 2011: 185 (Safaga, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Maldives.
Pleurosicya plicata Larson, 1990
Pleurosicya plicata Larson, 1990: 41; holotype: ROM 58031 (Chagos Archipelago) — Bogo-
rodsky et al. 2010: 123 (Hamata, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 159 (Red Sea, listed); Goren et
al. 2023: 126 (Hamata, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mauritius, east to Caroline Islands.

22 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Pleurosicya prognatha Goren, 1984
Pleurosicya prognatha Goren, 1984a: 76; holotype: TAU 6478 (Marsa Buraykah, southern Sinai
Peninsula, Red Sea) — Larson 1990: 44 (Gulf of Aqaba); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 126 (Dahab,
Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 159 (Red Sea, listed); Goren et al. 2023: 126
(Sharm el Moya, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to Australia (Great Barrier Reef).
Priolepis Valenciennes, 1837
Priolepis cincta (Regan, 1908)
Gobiomorphus cinctus Regan, 1908: 240; syntypes: BMNH 1908.3.23.217-218 (Chagos Archi-
pelago).
Quisquilius cinctus — Goren 1979a: 50 (Red Sea).
Priolepis cincta — Khalaf & Disi 1997: 188 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske &
Myers 2004: 195 (Dahab, Egypt); Debelius 2011: 181 (Nuweiba, Egypt); Golani & Fricke
2018: 159 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Tonga.
Priolepis compita Winterbottom, 1985
Priolepis compita Winterbottom, 1985: 748; holotype: ROM 40241 (Salomon Atollm Chagos
Archipelago) — Bogorodsky et al. 2016: 175 (Sharm el Moya, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018:
159 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Fiji.
Priolepis goldshmidtae Goren & Baranes, 1995
Priolepis goldshmidtae Goren & Baranes, 1995: 344; holotype: TAU 10521 (Eilat, Israel, Gulf of
Aqaba, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 159 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Priolepis melanops Bogorodsky, Suzuki & Mal, 2016
Priolepis melanops Bogorodsky, Suzuki & Mal, 2016b: 171; holotype: SMF 35728 (Al-Lith,
Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Priolepis randalli Winterbottom & Burridge, 1992
Priolepis randalli Winterbottom & Burridge, 1992: 1942; holotype: BPBM 30461 (Jana Island,
Arabian/Persian Gulf) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea east to the Arabian/Persian Gulf.
Priolepis semidoliata (Valenciennes, 1837)
Gobius semidoliatus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 67; holotype: MNHN A-
1124 (Vanikoro Island, Solomon Islands) — Klunzinger 1871: 475 (El Quseir, Egypt).
Priolepis mica Ehrenberg in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 67.
Zonogobius semidoliatus — Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea); Goren 1979a: 58 (Red Sea).
Priolepis semidoliata — Herler & Hilgers 2005: 127 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Bogorodsky
et al. 2016: 176 (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to Pitcairn Islands.
Psilogobius Baldwin, 1972
Psilogobius randalli (Goren & Karplus, 1983)
Tomiyamichthys randalli Goren & Karplus, 1983: 27; holotype: TAU 8138 (Marsa Murach,
Egypt, Red Sea).
Psilogobius randalli — Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 109, row 4,
left (Egypt, Sinai).

Zoology in the Middle East 23
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Silhouettea Smith, 1959
Silhouettea aegyptia (Chabanaud, 1933)
Gobius lesueuri aegyptius Chabanaud, 1933: 11; holotype: MNHN 1967-0955 (Lake Timsah,
Egypt).
Minictenogobiops sinaii Goren, 1978b: 192 — Goren 1979a: 45 (northern Red Sea).
Silhouettea aegyptia — Miller 1988: 253 (northern Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red
Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Silhouettea insinuans Smith, 1959
Silhouettea insinuans Smith, 1959: 214; holotype: SAIAB 204 (Silhouette Island, Seychelles) —
Goren 1979a: 53 (Gulf of Aqaba); Miller 1988: 249 (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018:
160 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa.
Sueviota Winterbottom & Hoese, 1988
Sueviota pyrios Greenfield & Randall, 2017
Sueviota pyrios Greenfield & Randall, 2017: 9; holotype: BPBM 13361 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) —
Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Tomiyamichthys Smith, 1956
Tomiyamichthys dorsostigma Bogorodsky, Kovačić & Randall, 2011
Tomiyamichthys dorsostigma Bogorodsky, Kovačić & Randall, 2011a: 214; holotype: USNM
399267 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 160 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022:
109, row 5 (Eilat, Israel).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Tomiyamichthys lanceolatus (Yanagisawa, 1978) (Figure 3B)
Vanderhorstia lanceolata Yanagisawa, 1978: 290; holotype: SMBL 301 (Hatake-zima Island,
Wakayama Prefecture, Japan).
Tomiyamichthys lanceolatus — Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 1 (Wadi Lahami, southern Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to Guam.
Tomiyamichthys latruncularius (Klausewitz, 1974)
Eilatia latruncularia Klausewitz, 1974b: 206; holotype: SMF 12762 (Marsa Murach, Egypt, Red
Sea) — Goren 1979a: 37 (Ras Muhamad).
Tomiyamichthys latruncularius — Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 46, Fig. 2I (Dahab, Egypt);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 161 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea east to Indonesia (Java and Sulawesi).
Trimma Jordan & Seale, 1906
Trimma avidori (Goren, 1978)
Zonogobius avidori Goren, 1978b: 198; holotype: TAU 6203 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) — Goren
1979a: 58 (Red Sea).
Trimma avidori — Winterbottom 1995: 96 (Ras Banas, Egypt); Herler & Hilgers 2005: 128
(Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Golani & Fricke 2018: 161 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022:
110, row 2, left (Marsa Shagra, Egypt).
Trimma — Debelius 2011: 183 (Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

24 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Trimma barralli Winterbottom, 1995
Trimma barralli Winterbottom, 1995: 93; holotype: ROM 68980 (Ras Abu Galum, Egypt, Red
Sea) — Debelius 2011: 184 (Ras Abu Galum, Egypt, Sinai); Golani & Fricke 2018: 161 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 2, right (Marsa Nakari, Egypt).
Trimma flammeum (non Smith) — Randall 1994b: 270 (Hanish Islands, Yemen).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Trimma filamentosus Winterbottom, 1995
Trimma filamentosus Winterbottom, 1995: 94; holotype: ROM 54842 (Marsa al-Muqabilah,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Bogorodsky et al. 2016: 182 (Al Lith, Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018:
161 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 3, left (Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Trimma fishelsoni Goren, 1985
Trimma fishelsoni Goren, 1985b: 64; holotype: TAU 6569 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) — Winterbot-
tom 1995: 96 (Ras Banas, Egypt); Bogorodsky et al. 2016: 178 (Al Lith, Saudi Arabia); Golani
& Fricke 2018: 161 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 3, right (Sharm el Naga,
Egypt).
Trimma taylori (non Lobel) — Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 5, left (Ras Mohammed, Egypt).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Trimma flavicaudatum (Goren, 1982)
Quisquilius flavicaudatus Goren, 1982: 139; holotype: TAU 7743 (Marsa Buraykah, Egypt, Red
Sea).
Trimma flavicaudatus — Winterbottom 1995: 96 (Safaga and Marsa Alam, Egypt).
Trimma flavicaudata — Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan).
Trimma flavicaudatum — Debelius 2011: 183 (Nuweiba, Egypt); Hoese et al. 2015: 539 (Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 161 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 4, left
(Red Sea).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Trimma mendelssohni (Goren, 1978)
Quisquilius mendelssohni Goren, 1978b: 195; holotype: TAU 6208 (Nuweiba, Egypt, Red Sea)
— Goren 1979a: 51 (Eilat).
Trimma mendelssohni — Winterbottom 1995: 97 (Marsa Alam, Egypt); Herler & Hilgers 2005:
129 (Dahab, Egypt, Gulf of Aqaba); Hoese et al. 2015: 539 (Sinai Peninsula); Golani & Fricke
2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Socotra Archipelago.
Trimma quadrimaculatum Hoese, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2015
Trimma quadrimaculatum Hoese, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2015: 540; holotype: SMF 35720 (Sharm
Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Trimma sheppardi Winterbottom, 1984
Trimma sheppardi Winterbottom, 1984: 709; holotype: ROM 41225 (Chagos Archipelago) —
Winterbottom 1995: 97 (Hurghada, Egypt); Debelius 2011: 183 (Ras Nasrani, Egypt, Sinai);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 4, right (Ras Moham-
med, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Japan (Ryukyu Islands).
Trimma sp. Winterbottom, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, in prep.
Trimma sp. — Winterbottom et al., in preparation (Red Sea).
Trimma cf. taylori — Ryanskiy 2022: 110, row 5, right (El Quseir, Egypt).

Zoology in the Middle East 25
Trimma taylori (non Lobel) — Randall 1994b: 270 (Suakin Archipelago, Sudan); Winterbottom
1995: 97 (Ras Banas, Egypt); Bogorodsky et al. 2016: 181 (Al Lith, Saudi Arabia); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Trimmatom Winterbottom & Emery, 1981
Trimmatom nanus Winterbottom & Emery, 1981
Trimmatom nanus Winterbottom & Emery, 1981: 143; holotype: ROM 36617 (Salomon Atoll,
Chagos Archipelago) — Bogorodsky et al. 2010: 126 (Shaab Rumi, Sudan); Golani & Fricke
2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Chagos Archipelago east to Society Islands.
Valenciennea Bleeker, 1856
Valenciennea helsdingenii (Bleeker, 1858)
Eleotriodes helsdingenii Bleeker, 1858: 212; holotype: RMNH 4660 (Goram Island, Indonesia).
Valenciennea helsdingenii — Randall 1994b: 270 (Zubayr Island, Yemen); Golani & Fricke
2018: 162 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From southern Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Marquesas Islands.
Valenciennea parva Hoese & Larson, 1994
Valenciennea parva Hoese & Larson, 1994: 37; holotype: AMS I.19108-083 (Lizard Island,
Queensland, Australia) — Kovačić et al. 2017: 1231 (Al Lith, Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke
2018: 163 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to Samoan Islands.
Valenciennea puellaris (Tomiyama, 1956)
Eleotriodes puellaris Tomiyama in Tomiyama & Abe, 1956: 1136; holotype: ZUMT 18924 (Ki-
ragawa, Kochi Prefecture, Japan).
Valenciennea puellaris — Randall 1983: 164 (Dahab, Egypt); Hoese & Larson 1994: 44 (Red
Sea); Khalaf & Disi 1997: 188 (Aqaba, Jordan); Khalaf 2004: 46 (Jordan); Lieske & Myers
2004: 191 (Egypt); Debelius 2011: 180 (Naama Bay, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 111, row 2, right (Dahab, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Madagascar and Mauritius, east to Samoan Islands.
Valenciennea sexguttata (Valenciennes, 1837)
Eleotris sexguttata Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1837: 254; syntypes: MNHN A-1570
& A-4269 (Sri Lanka).
Eleotriodes sexguttatus — Klausewitz 1967b: 59 (Farasan Archipelago, Saudi Arabia); Clark
1968: 6 (Eritrea); Clark et al. 1968: 22 (Eritrea).
Valenciennea sexguttata — Randall 1983: 163 (Towartit Reef, Sudan); Hoese & Larson 1994: 54
(Red Sea); Lieske & Myers 2004: 191 (Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Line Islands.
Valenciennea wardii (Playfair, 1867)
Eleotris wardii Playfair in Playfair & Günther, 1867: 73; holotype: BMNH 1867.3.7.510 (Zanzi-
bar).
Eleotriodes wardii — Dor 1970: 25 (Red Sea).
Valenciennea wardii — Hoese & Larson 1994: 63 (Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red Sea,
listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Zanzibar, east to New Caledonia.

26 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Vanderhorstia Smith, 1949
Vanderhorstia ambanoro (Fourmanoir, 1957)
Cryptocentrus ambanoro Fourmanoir, 1957: 245; holotype: IRSMNB, lost (Ambanoro Bay,
Madagascar).
Vanderhorstia ambanoro — Debelius 2011: 178 (Ras Torombi, Egypt); Ryanskiy 2022: 111, row
4 (Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Madagascar, east to Samoan Islands.
Vanderhorstia delagoae (Barnard, 1937)
Gobius delagoae Barnard, 1937: 62; holotype: SAM 19857 (Maputo Bay, Mozambique).
Vanderhorstia delagoae — Klausewitz 1964b: 140 (Hurghada, Egypt); Goren 1979a: 54 (Red
Sea); Freinschlag & Patzner 2012: 45, Fig 2A (Dahab, Egypt); Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 111, row 5 (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Vanderhorstia ornatissima (non Smith) — Lieske & Myers 2004: 191 (Marsa Abu Dabab,
Egypt); Debelius 2011: 178 (Naama Bay, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique and Mascarene Islands.
Vanderhorstia mertensi Klausewitz, 1974
Vanderhorstia mertensi Klausewitz, 1974b: 210; holotype: SMF 12754 (Marsa Murach, Egypt,
Red Sea) — Goren 1979a: 55 (Marsa Murach); Debelius 2011: 178 (Shaab Sharm, Egypt);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 112, row 1 (Wadi Lahami,
Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea east to the Gulf of Oman, an immigrant to the eastern Mediterranean Sea.
Vanderhorstia opercularis Randall, 2007
Vanderhorstia opercularis Randall, 2007: 20; holotype: BPBM 17878 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea) —
Golani & Fricke 2018: 163 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Vanderhorstia ornatissima Smith, 1959
Vanderhorstia ornatissima Smith, 1959: 192; holotype: SAIAB 205 (Pinda, Mozambique) —
Bogorodsky et al. 2011: 219 (Shams Alam, Egypt and Zubyar Island, Yemen); Golani & Fricke
2018: 163 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 111, row 2, left (El Quseir, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Mozambique, east to Indonesia.
Yongeichthys Whitley, 1932
Yongeichthys nebulosus (Forsskål, 1775)
Gobius nebulosus Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775: 24; no types known (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red
Sea).
Gobius leucomelas Peters, 1868: 147.
Yongeichthys nebulosus — Goren 1979a: 56 (Red Sea); Bogorodsky et al. 2014: 429 (off Jizan,
Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Samoan Islands.
Kraemeriidae Whitley, 1935 (sand darts)
Kraemeria Steindachner, 1906
Kraemeria nuda (Regan, 1908)
Psammichthys nudus Regan, 1908: 246; syntypes: BMNH 1908.3.23.255-256 & CAS-SU 52003
(Praslin, Seychelles).
Kraemeria nudum — Goren 1987: 150 (Dahlak Archipelago, Eritrea).
Kraemeria nuda — Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed).

Zoology in the Middle East 27
Distribution: Southern Red Sea south to Mozambique and Seychelles, east to Laccadive Islands
and Chagos Archipelago.
Xenisthmidae Miller, 1973 (collared wrigglers)
Gymnoxenisthmus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014
Gymnoxenisthmus flavicinctus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2019
Gymnoxenisthmus flavicinctus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2019: 178; holotype: SMF 35866 (Sharm
Obhur, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Gymnoxenisthmus tigrellus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014
Gymnoxenisthmus tigrellus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2014: 492; holotype: SMF 34903 (Farasan
Islands, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Xenisthmus Snyder, 1908
Xenisthmus balius Gill & Randall, 1994
Xenisthmus balius Gill & Randall, 1994: 446; holotype: BPBM 30458 (Jana Island, Saudi Arabia,
Arabian Gulf) — Gill et al. 2017: 209 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Socotra Archipelago, east to the Arabian Gulf.
Xenisthmus oligoporus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2017
Xenisthmus oligoporus Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2017: 205; holotype: SMF 34908 (Duba, Saudi
Arabia, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Xenisthmus polyzonatus (Klunzinger, 1871)
Eleotris polyzonatus Klunzinger, 1871: 482; syntypes: ZMB 8018 (Al-Quseir, Egypt, Red Sea).
Xenisthmus polyzonatus — Clark 1968: 203 (Hurghada, Egypt); Gill et al. 2017: 209 (Red Sea);
Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Red Sea south to Comoros Islands, east to Chagos Archipelago and Maldives.
Schindleriidae Giltay, 1934 (infantfishes)
Schindleria Giltay, 1934
Schindleria edentata Ahnelt, Robitzch & Abu El-Regal, 2022
Schindleria edentata Ahnelt, Robitzch & Abu El-Regal, 2022: 553; holotype: BMNH 2007.5.20.1
(Hurghada, Egypt, Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Schindleria elongata Fricke & Abu El-Regal, 2017
Schindleria elongata Fricke & Abu El-Regal, 2017a: 1884; holotype: SMF 35780 (off Hurghada,
Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 166 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Schindleria nigropunctata Fricke & Abu El-Regal, 2017
Schindleria nigropunctata Fricke & Abu El-Regal, 2017b: 2; holotype: SMF 35956 (off Hurgha-
da, Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 166 (Red Sea, listed); Ahnelt 2019: 451 (rede-
scription).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.

28 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Schindleria parva Abu El-Regal, El-Sherbiny, Gabr & Fricke, 2021
Schindleria parva Abu El-Regal, El-Sherbiny, Gabr & Fricke, 2021: 3; holotype: SNF 38020 (off
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Schindleria praematura (Schindler, 1930)
Hemiramphus praematurus Schindler, 1930: 79; syntypes: BPBM 3484-85, NMW 78427, 84188,
86241, 86243, & 86871 (Hawaiian Islands).
Schindleria praematura — Abu El-Regal & Kon 2019: 76 (Hurghada, Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Hawaiian Islands, Easter Island, and the
tropical eastern Pacific.
Schindleria qizma Ahnelt, Macek & Robitzch, 2023
Schindleria qizma Ahnelt, Macek & Robitzch, 2023: 315; holotype: NMW 99999 (Thuwal, Saudi
Arabia).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Microdesmidae Regan, 1912 (wormfishes)
Microdesminae
Gunnellichthys Bleeker, 1858
Gunnellichthys irideus Smith, 1958 (Figure 4A)
Gunnellichthys (Gunnellichthys) irideus Smith, 1958a: 128; holotype: SAIAB 129 (Pinda,
Mozambique) — Red Sea, present study.
Gunnellichthys sp. — Ryanskiy 2022: 112, row 4 (Wadi Lahami, Egypt).
Distinctive characters: Dorsal-fin rays XXI,37-38; anal-fin rays 37-38; pectoral-fin rays 13-15;
pelvic-fin rays I,4; scales on body small, partially embedded, and non-imbricate; very small em-
bedded scales behind eye and opercle; body very elongate and compressed, its depth 13-14 in SL;
gill opening ending ventrally at level slightly below pectoral-fin base; lower jaw massive and
strongly projecting; origin of dorsal fin above pectoral-fin origin; pelvic and pectoral fins sube-
qual in length.
Colouration: Pale gray with orange longitudinal stripe, extending from above anal-fin origin
continuing just below midside of body to end of caudal fin; head with a narrow median iridescent
light blue band beginning on upper lip and ending before nape, iridescent blue dash below eye,
and iridescent blue stripe or two dashes on postorbital head; fins translucent except spinous por-
tion of dorsal fin pinkish.
Distribution and habitat: Previously was known from the Mozambique from a few specimens
only. The new record for the Red Sea is based on a single individual observed by A. Ryanskiy in
sand area of the southern Egypt at depth of 7 m. Hovers about 10 cm above the soft bottom,
swimming by undulating the body in an eel-like manner, and dives into a burrow when ap-
proached. Type specimens were collected in shallow waters with weedy sand bottom.
Remarks: Gunnellichthys is an Indo-West Pacific genus containing seven species, five of them
occur in the Western Indian Ocean (Larson 2022). The individual photographed in the Red Sea
well matches the description of Gunnellichthys irideus (Smith 1958a; Larson 2022). Species of
the genus differ from each other primarily by detail of the colouration. Gunnellichthys monostig-
ma Smith, 1958 is a sole species reported from the Red Sea and differs from G. irideus by pelvic
fins shorter than pectoral fins, having a blue- or gree-edged yellow or orange longitudinal stripe
extending from front of the head through eye, along upper side of body, continuing to the end of
caudal fin, and an obvious vertically elongate black spot posteriorly on opercle (Figure 4B).
Gunnellichthys monostigma Smith, 1958 (Figure 4B)
Gunnellichthys (Gunnellichthys) monostigma Smith, 1958a: 127; holotype: SAIAB 132 (Pinda,
Mozambique) — Randall & Shen 2002: 492 (Red Sea); Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red Sea,
listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 112, row 5, left (Al Quseir, Egypt).

Zoology in the Middle East 29
Figure 4. A– Gunnellichthys irideus, Red Sea, Egypt, Wadi Lahami; B– Gunnellichthys mono-
stigma, Red Sea, Egypt, Lahami Bay. Photo by A. Ryanskiy (A), S. V. Bogorodsky (B).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Mozambique and Madagascar, east to Marquesas Islands.
Paragunnellichthys Dawson, 1967
Paragunnellichthys springeri Dawson, 1970
Paragunnellichthys springeri Dawson, 1970: 268; holotype: USNM 204613 (Sharm al-Mayyah,
Sharm ash-Shaikh, Egypt, Red Sea) — Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red Sea, listed).
Distribution: Endemic to the Red Sea.
Ptereleotrinae
Nemateleotris Fowler, 1938
Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen, 1973
Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen, 1973: 361; holotype: BPBM 9533 (Palau) — Randall &
Shen 2002: 493 (Red Sea); Tea & Larson 2023: 254 (Red Sea including, revised diagnosis).
Nemateleotris exquisita Randall & Connell, 2013: 25 — Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red Sea,
listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 112, row 5, right (Elphinstone Reef, Marsa Alam, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa, east to Samoan Islands.

30 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
Ptereleotris Gill, 1863
Ptereleotris arabica Randall & Hoese, 1985
Ptereleotris arabica Randall & Hoese, 1985: 8; holotype: BPBM 18288 (Eilat, Israel, Red Sea)
— Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 113, row 1 (Naama Bay,
Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and Arabian Gulf.
Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs, 1925)
Encaeura evides Jordan & Hubbs, 1925: 303; holotype: FMNH 58821 (Wakayama Prefecture,
Japan).
Ptereleotris tricolor — Klausewitz 1970: 67 (Sudan).
Ptereleotris evides — Khalaf & Disi 1997: 291 (Aqaba, Jordan); Randall & Hoese 1985: 11
(Saudi Arabia); Debelius 2011: 185 (Shaab Rumi, Sudan); Golani & Fricke 2018: 164 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 113, row 2 (Red Sea).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa and Madagascar, east to Australia (New South
Wales) and Pitcairn Islands.
Ptereleotris heteroptera (Bleeker, 1855)
Eleotris heteropterus Bleeker, 1855: 422; holotype: RMNH 4680 (Kalimantan, Indonesia).
Ptereleotris heteroptera — Randall & Hoese 1985: 16 (Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 164
(Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 113, row 3, left (Marsa Nakari, Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to South Africa and Mascarene Islands, east to Australia (New
South Wales) and Marquesas Islands.
Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker, 1856)
Eleotris microlepis Bleeker, 1856: 102; holotype: RMNH 4668 (Banda Islands, Indonesia).
Ptereleotris microlepis — Clark 1968: 7 (Eritrea); Randall & Hoese 1985: 22 (Sudan); Golani &
Fricke 2018: 165 (Red Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 113, row 4 (Naama Bay and Wadi Lahami,
Egypt).
Distribution: From Red Sea south to Seychelles, east to Australia (New South Wales) and Tuamo-
tu Archipelago.
Ptereleotris zebra (Fowler, 1938)
Pogonoculius zebra Fowler, 1938: 134; holotype: USNM 99048 (Luzon, Philippines).
Ptereleotris zebra — Randall & Hoese 1985: 31 (Saudi Arabia); Golani & Fricke 2018: 165 (Red
Sea, listed); Ryanskiy 2022: 113, row 5 (Egypt).
Distribution: Red Sea and islands of the Western Indian Ocean, east to Australia (New South
Wales) and Marquesas Islands.
Discussion
Each checklist of Red Sea species published since that of Klunzinger (1871), as noted
above, has modified and amended the status of certain species, and added more records
to the list. In the present article we add 20 species to the list of Golani and Fricke (2018)
and correct the identity of seven species of the Gobiidae as follows. The record of Am-
blygobius sphynx (Valenciennes, 1837) from Eritrea, cited in Allen and Erdmann
(2012), is based on misidentification of A. albimaculatus (Rüppell, 1830) (Kovačić et al.
2018). The record of Exyrias belissimus (Smith, 1959) from the Red Sea by Goren
(1979), and listed by Golani and Fricke (2018), is a misidentification of Macrodontogo-
bius wilburi Herre, 1936, as reported by Bogorodsky et al. (2011), who photographed
and collected specimens from El Quseir and Hamata, Egypt. The species was observed
by the first author in central Saudi Arabia. This is an expansion of its previously known

Zoology in the Middle East 31
distribution. The photograph of E. belissimus presented by Lieske and Myers (2004) in
their book on Red Sea fishes, was taken in Guam and not in El Quseir, as incorrectly
given in the book (Robert Myers, pers. comm.).
Golani and Fricke (2018) listed two species of Palutrus – P. meteori (Klausewitz &
Zander, 1967) and P. scapulopunctatus (de Beaufort, 1912); however, only one species
occurs in the Red Sea. The female of P. scapulopunctatus reported by Sadeghi and
Esmaeili (2019) from Iran seems to be identical with the Red Sea females of P. meteori
and, following this publication and Larson (2022), we retain P. scapulopunctatus in the
list of the Red Sea fishes with P. meteori as its junior synonym. However, a genetic
study is needed in order to confirm this synonymy or to resurrect P. meteori as a valid
species.
The record of Pleurosicya micheli Fourmanoir, 1971 is based on a misidentification
of P. mossambica Smith, 1959 (Goren et al. 2023). Golani and Fricke (2018) listed two
similar species of Tomiyamichthys – T. dorsostigma Bogorodsky, Kovačić & Randall,
2011 and T. fourmanoiri (Smith, 1956); however, as demonstrated by Bogorodsky et al.
(2011), only T. dorsostigma occurs in the Red Sea.
Trimma flammeum (Smith, 1959) collected from Yemen, southern Red Sea, was
identified by Randall (1994b). Re-examination of the fish revealed that the collected
specimens are in fact T. barralli Winterbottom, 1995, previously known from the north-
ern part of the Red Sea (R. Winterbottom, pers. comm.). The southern range of the
distribution of T. barralli is Djibouti, as confirmed by an underwater photograph (Lips
et al. 2016). Finally, Bogorodsky et al. (2016) showed that the fish collected in the vi-
cinity of Jeddah and reported by Winterbottom (1995) as Trimma tevegae Cohen &
Davis, 1969, are in fact a misidentification of Trimma fishelsoni Goren, 1985.
The names of the following three species – Eviota zebrina Lachner & Karnella,
1978, Fusigobius humeralis (Randall, 2001) and Koumansetta hectori (Smith, 1957),
have changed since the publication by Golani and Fricke (2018). Tornabene et al.
(2021) reviewed the Eviota zebrina species complex, which includes eight similar spe-
cies. They found that the specimens from the Red Sea under the name E. zebrina belong
to the new species E. marerubrum. Fusigobius humeralis was described by Randall
(2001) from type specimens from the Indo-West Pacific and non-type specimens from
the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. Examination of specimens from the Red Sea and Gulf of
Aden and a comparative genetic analysis revealed that they represent a new species F.
humerosus Kovačić, Bogorodsky & Alpermann, 2023. The goby reported from the Red
Sea as Koumansetta hectori was described as a new species, K. hoesei Kovačić, Bogo-
rodsky & Alpermann, 2018, based on differences in morphology and colouration, sup-
ported by genetic data.
The following 13 species added to the list of the Red Sea Gobiidae in the present
study: Amoya signata (Peters, 1855) was omitted by Golani and Fricke (2018), but Red
Sea specimens of this species were reported by Goren (1979) as Yongeichthys pavidus
(Smith, 1959), a junior synonym of A. signata; and several specimens collected from El
Quseir, Egypt and Al Lith, Saudi Arabia, confirm the presence of this species in the Red
Sea. Paragobiodon lacunicolus (Kendall & Goldsborough, 1911) was omitted by
Golani and Fricke (2018), and the record in our list is based on specimens from Eritrea
and Saudi Arabia (Alpermann et al. 2013); it was also photographed off the coast of
Jeddah by the first author.
Three new species were described since the publication of the checklist by Golani
and Fricke (2018): Cerogobius petrophilus Kovačić, Bogorodsky, Troyer & Tornabene,
2019, described from the main Red Sea basin, northern Saudi Arabia and photographs
from the eastern coast of Egypt (Kovačić et al. 2019a); Hetereleotris aurantiaca Ko-

32 S. V. Bogorodsky and M. Goren
vačić & Bogorodsky, 2019 from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; and Hetereleotris semisquamata
Kovačić & Bogorodsky, 2019 from southern Egypt (Kovačić et al. 2019b). Cryptocen-
trus steinhardti, Eviota pseudostigma and Hazeus ingressus are new records for the Red
Sea (present study). Pleurosicya bilobata (Koumans, 1941) is a new record based on
underwater photographs taken from Dahab, Egypt (Goren et al. 2023). Vanderhorstia
ambanoro (Fourmanoir, 1957) was erroneously reported by Golani and Fricke (2018) as
a misidentification of V. opercularis Randall, 2007. Both species are distinctive and do
occur in the Red Sea (Randall 2007; Debelius 2011). Lips et al. (2016) reproduced un-
derwater photographs of both V. opercularis from Djibouti (greatly extending its distri-
bution range from its type locality Eilat, Israel) and V. ambanoro, mistakenly included
under the name Ctenogobiops crocineus. Ryanskiy (2022) published underwater photo-
graphs of the following species that are new records for the Red Sea: Mahidolia mystac-
ina (Valenciennes, 1837) and Tomiyamichthys lanceolatus (Yanagisawa, 1978).
Finally, Paragobiodon modestus (Regan, 1908) was added as a new for the Red Sea.
The species formerly was misidentified by Herler and Hilgers (2005) as P. echino-
cephalus. The individual of P. modestus reproduced in Ryanskiy (2022) was identified
by the first author of the present study. Red Sea species of the genus are under study by
the first author.
There are also changes in the composition of the remaining four families of gobioid
fishes since publication of the checklist by Golani and Fricke (2018). They listed two
species of the family Kraemeriidae, Kraemeria nuda (Regan, 1908) and K. samoensis
Steindachner, 1906, but only the former species occurs in the Western Indian Ocean
(Larson 2022), hence the latter species should be excluded from the list of the Red Sea
fishes. To the family Xenisthmidae we add the species Gymnoxenisthmus flavicinctus
Gill, Bogorodsky & Mal, 2019, described based on a single specimen from the Obhur,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Three species added to Schindleriidae, Schindleria edentata Ah-
nelt, Robitzch & Abu El-Regal, 2022, S. parva Abu El-Regal, El-Sherbiny, Gabr &
Fricke, 2021, and S. qizma Ahnelt, Macek & Robitzch, 2023, were recently described
based on specimens from Egypt (the former species) and Saudi Arabia, respectively.
The Microdesmid fish Gunnellichthys irideus Smith, 1958 is reported here as a new
record based on underwater photographs from southern Egypt presented in Ryanskiy
(2022) as Gunnellichthys sp. The Ptereleotrid fish Nemateleotris exquisita Randall &
Connell, 2013 was described based on minor differences in proportions and colouration
of the body from its closely related N. decora Randall & Allen, 1973. However, Tea and
Larson (2023) showed that proportions of the body depth and snout length are overlap-
ping and colouration of the body is variable between specimens from the Western Indi-
an Ocean (N. exquisita) and western Pacific Ocean (N. decora). In addition, their phylo-
genetic analysis showed an absence of divergence between two nominal species, hence
the former species was placed in the synonymy of the latter.
The two genera, Cryptocentrus and Hazeus, include species distributed in the Indo-
West Pacific. Two species, C. steinhardti and H. ingressus, were first described from
non-native areas, the eastern Mediterranean Sea coasts of Israel and Turkey, respective-
ly. Descriptions of species of Red Sea origin from the Mediterranean Sea are not very
rare, as shown by Stern and Goren (2021).
Another case of an interesting finding is that of the flatfish Arnoglossus nigrofila-
mentosus Fricke, Golani & Appelbaum-Golani, 2017 that was described from the east-
ern Mediterranean Sea and belongs to an Indo-West Pacific genus. Fricke et al. (2017)
suggested that the species originated from the Gulf of Suez.
Three additional Indo-West Pacific species, reported from the Mediterranean Sea,
are Lessepsian migrants: Aulopareia unicolor (Valenciennes, 1837), Oxyurichthys kei-

Zoology in the Middle East 33
ensis (Smith, 1938) and Trypauchen vagina (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) (Kovačić et al.
2022; Özden et al. 2022). Although these species have never been reported from the
Red Sea, it will not be surprising if these species will also be found in the Red Sea in the
near future.
The present checklist comprises 162 species of gobioid fishes with confirmed rec-
ords from the Red Sea. Among these species, 141 species of the family Gobiidae, of
which 39 (28%) are endemic to the Red Sea and 19 (13%) are restricted to the Arabian
Seas region; one species of Kraemeriidae and five species of Xenisthmidae, three of
them (60%) are endemic to the Red Sea; six species of Schindleriidae, five of them
(83%) are endemic to the Red Sea; and nine species of Microdesmidae (only one spe-
cies is endemic). The high rate of endemism and species with restricted distribution is
typical for some other Red Sea families such as Blenniidae, Tripterygiidae, Pseudo-
chromidae, and Chaetodontidae (Goren 2021). This unique phenomenon probably
caused by the history of the Red Sea that includes periods of isolation and extreme eco-
logical condition (Goren 1986).
Acknowledgements
We thank Rafi Amar (Israel), Bart Hazes and Nico Michiels (Germany) for their underwater
photographs. We also thank to Andrey Ryanskiy (Russia) who kindly sent us his underwater
photographs. We gratefully acknowledge the owner of the Ducks Diving Center, Essam Hassan,
who supported the diving activities of first author in Mangrove Bay, El Quseir, Egypt. We thank
to Dave Greenfield (USA) for discussion regarding an identification of the Red Sea species of
Eviota. We thank Naomi Paz for editing the manuscript.
Disclosure Statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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