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Analysis of Students’ Work Readiness Based on Self-Efficacy of Vocational High School in The Building Information ModellingTechnology Era
Abstract
This research was conducted based on social phenomena related to the high level of student anxiety in facing the development of the digital era when carrying out industrial practices due to low confidence in students' abilities. BIM is software for simulating all information in a three-dimensional model that is not only an image, but also a development project system, management, method, and work steps.Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between students' self-efficacy and work readiness of Vocational High Schoolsin facing the Building Information Modelling (BIM) technology era that developed during construction work.BIM as a form of a management information system requires middle-class employees to work jointly as a team. In the field of AEC, the process of planning and design, development, as well as maintenance is performed collaboratively. Furthermore, a total of 360 students in West Java were selected as participants using proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected using product-moment analysis. The results showed that self-efficacy was positively and significantly related to work readiness with a correlation coefficient of r= 0.692 and p-0.000 where p<0.05. This means that the increase inself-efficacy helps to develop work readiness and vice versa. The coefficient of determination shows that self-efficacy and other variables contribute 47.9% and52.1%, respectively, to students' work readiness in facing the BIM technology era. This can be interpreted that the higher the self-efficacy, the lower the presentation anxiety and vice versa. Based on the results of this study as recommendations for improvement, it is necessary to carry out additional learning activities to increase student skills, so that student confidence will increase when working.
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Salah satu teknologi yang belakangan ini terus berkembang pada sektor industri Arsitektur, Teknik dan Konstruksi adalah Building Information Modeling atau disebut juga BIM. Teknologi BIM tersebut merupakan teknologi yang membantu proses pengerjaan konstruksi bangunan. Negara-negara di Asia Tenggara telah menggunakan teknologi BIM dalam praktik konstruksi, Namun di Indonesia penggunaan teknologi BIM ini masih belum banyak digunakan. Dengan adanya peraturan pemerintah no 2 tahun 2017 pasal 5 ayat 5 yang mengatur tentang pengembangan teknologi yang berkaitan dengan proses pembangunan akan berpengaruh kepada para kontraktor sebagai pelaku jasa konstruksi. Oleh karena itu, studi ini ingin melihat bagaimana kontraktor dalam menjalankan teknologi BIM terutama pada tahapan prakonstruksi. Selain itu ingin mencari faktor pedukung dan penghambat penggunaan teknologi BIM menurut perusahaan kontraktor yang sudah menggunakan teknologi BIM ini. Studi ini dilakukan dengan metode penyebaran kuesioner kepada perusahaan kontraktor yang terlibat dalam penggunaan teknologi BIM terutama di daerah Jakarta. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan didapat faktor pendukung yaitu BIM mampu mendeteksi konflik lebih awal dan mampu mencegahnya, BIM membantu dalam penarikan keputusan baik saat perencanaan dan desain, dan Implementasi BIM membangun sinergi antara pemangku kepentingan konstruksi. Selain faktor pendukung ada pula faktor penghambat penggunaan teknologi BIM yaitu keberhasilan individu maupun tim pengguna BIM sangat menentukan keberhasilan proyek dan aplikasi/program yang digunakan tiap orang berbeda-beda sehingga sulit menyatukan informasinya.
The objective of this paper is to substantiate the system of vocational education and training (VET) of fashion designers and technologists to perform computer modeling and design of the clothes. The use of the developed system of training specialists in fashion design, which provides for the use of CAD systems, contributes to the formation of readiness of future fashion designers to use specialized software in their professional activities. To increase the efficiency of VET, we used the following types of learning activities: development of creative collage, development of artistic sketches of clothes, design of templates for different sizes, use of programs for the 3D design of the clothes. A feature of this study is the selection of the software used in the design of the clothes, namely GraziaCAD and JULIVI CAD. The effectiveness of these types of tasks is confirmed by an experiment, in which 80 students from Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design took part (CG 44 students, EG 36 students). Comparing the results of incoming and outgoing control of the level of students’ readiness, a decrease in the number of students with a low level of readiness for the use of ICT in the professional activities was noted: from 22.7 % to 11.4 % in CG and from 22.2 % to 5.6 % in EG. At the same time, the percentage of students with a high level of readiness increased in both groups: from 29.5 % to 38.6 % in CG and from 25.0 % to 66.7 % in EG. Also, it should be noted that the biggest changes in the number of students with a high level of knowledge took place in EG. This, with 95% reliability according to Pearson's criterion, means that the experimental educational program led to a significant increase in the level of readiness for the use of ICT in the EG, in comparison with the CG. This confirms the effectiveness of the proposed educational program. The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of the generally accepted international practice of using the digital design in VET in the field of fashion design and technologies.
This study represents a theoretical investigation of teacher self-efficacy using abductive interpretative phenomenological analysis in the context of initial teacher education. We reveal the process through which a pre-service teacher's self-schema adapts in response to his first classroom teaching experience. We also observe that narrative has a role in this self-schema adaptation. Consequently, we show that teacher self-efficacy is an aspect of a more generalised narrative self-schema. This offers an alternative perspective on how teacher self-efficacy is developed. It contributes to a deeper understanding of pre-service teachers' professional learning and a new understanding of the concept of self-efficacy more generally.
Self-efficacy refers to the perception and belief that an individual has of their skills and that they mobilize effectively to succeed in a particular action (in the sense of achieving a goal). Self-efficacy has been shown to greatly influence students’ results. However, creative self-efficacy, i.e., the belief that one can produce creative outcomes, has not been studied very often. In this paper, we focus on the impact of student self-efficacy and creative self-efficacy in the context of a pedagogical approach to creativity. More specifically, we set up an intervention designed to enhance students’ creativity. Data was collected on 23 students. This research adopted a mixed-methods design as data were collected from questionnaires and interviews. Results show that the intervention did not have a significant impact on (creative) self-efficacy. However, participants reported a general better understanding and being more familiar with the topic after the intervention. Results are discussed and further lines of research are suggested.
h i g h l i g h t s A meta-analysis was used to examine relationship between teachers' attitudes and self-efficacy in inclusion. Effects of 43 unique samples of in-service teachers are aggregated. Meta-analyses reveal a positive sample size weighted correlation between teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes. Findings suggest the relationship might be somewhat universal regardless of time, culture, or gender. Implications for teacher training and future research directions are discussed. a b s t r a c t This meta-study aims to examine the size of the relationship between teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes toward inclusive education of K-12 students with special educational needs and to identify potential moderators (publication, sample, and research procedure characteristics). We synthesized the research conducted from 1994 to 2018, and 41 studies were included. Bare-bones meta-analysis with random effect model revealed a sample size weighted correlation coefficient between teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes as r ¼ 0.35 (CI ¼ 0.31-0.39). The between-study variations were not associated with hypothesized publication and sample characteristics. However, the self-efficacy measurement method accounted for a statistically significant strength of association.
Fresh graduates need to have work readiness as one of the essential attributes. Work readiness is a condition when fresh graduates ready to succeed in the working world. In Indonesia, studies explaining the measurement scale of work readiness are still limited. This study aims to develop a work readiness scale for undergraduates, which is beneficial for companies, universities, and fresh graduates. The research sample consists of 118 fresh graduates, with no prior work experiences. After several examinations, the scale contains 49 items. As a result, the construct validity test using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) shows that the developed instrument can measure the work readiness construct. The results of the reliability test using Cronbach's alpha coefficient is .961. This number means that the developed instrument is reliable. The analysis results show that the developed work readiness scale has good validity and reliability.
Competency measures are increasingly becoming effective ways for construction organizations to measure their ability to deliver waste-efficient projects. Despite the ongoing efforts in achieving the goals of the circular economy through BIM adoption, there is still a paucity of studies on building information modeling (BIM) competencies for delivering waste-efficient building projects. This paper, therefore, aims to identify and investigate critical BIM competencies for delivering waste-efficient building projects in a circular economy. The study adopts a pluralistic approach, using a combination of the review of extant literature, focus group discussions and questionnaire survey. Analysis of the focus group discussion along with the result of the literature review revealed forty-three preliminary BIM competencies, which were subjected to rigorous statistical analyses. Four broad categories of BIM competencies for delivering waste-efficient building projects emerged from the analyses. These are project management-related, construction-related, procurement-related, and design-related BIM competencies. Construction firms could use the BIM competencies identified in this study to enhance the delivery of waste-efficient building projects as well as assess their BIM competency requirements at an individual and organizational level.
Modular integrated construction (MiC) is an innovative construction technology wherein complete building modules are produced and preassembled in an offsite factory before their final installation on the building site. It is fundamentally different from and has many advantages over the traditional onsite construction technology. However, it still involves several risks. To successfully implement MiC projects, effective MiC risk management (MiCRM) is crucial. Building information modeling (BIM) and BIM-related digital technologies have been applied to facilitate MiCRM in recent years. While numerous MiC studies exist, a critical analysis of BIM-based MiCRM is still missing. This study aims to conduct a critical survey of BIM-based MiCRM, and to offer recommendations about research gaps and future research directions. This was achieved by systematically identifying and critically reviewing related publications from four outlooks: (1) MiCRM through BIM used alone, (2) MiCRM through BIM used alongside sensing and tracking technologies (STTs), (3) MiCRM through BIM used alongside 3D model creation and comparison technologies (3D-MCCTs), and (4) other applications. Results indicated that using BIM alone for MiCRM has focused more on the design phase. The overall idea to use BIM-STTs integration for MiCRM is very young. In this direction, BIM-RFID integration has received most of the attention, although BIM-GIS integration is rarely explored. There are limited works around integrating BIM with 3D-MCCTs such as photogrammetry and augmented and virtual realities for MiCRM. While schedule- and cost-related risks have gained much attention in current BIM-based MiCRM research, facilities management, sustainability, and safety risks are largely ignored. Based upon identified gaps, this study suggested future research directions, including, e.g.: (1) BIM-based MiCRM software development, (2) fully automated and practical BIM-based MiCRM systems development, and (3) BIM-automatic rule checking integration for MiCRM. This study contributes to a solid understanding of BIM-based MiCRM and delivers a useful reference for its future practice and improvement within the industry.
This cross-national study provides new insights in teacher efficacy in today’s culturally diverse classrooms using survey data of 269 early childhood and primary school teachers in England, Italy, the Netherlands and Poland. Teacher efficacy can be viewed as a two dimensional concept in which both general beliefs are measured alongside (diversity-related) domain-specific beliefs. These beliefs are related to the cultural classroom context and the use of intercultural classroom practices. Our results indicate that policies and professional development targeted at the reciprocal relation between diversity-related efficacy and practices are important when preparing teachers for working in diverse classroom contexts.
Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important and widely used environmental impact quantification methodology. Recently, temporal variations have generated renewed interests in LCA, with dynamic LCA (DLCA) becoming a new research trend. Traditional data collection approaches are considerably time and effort intensive, with major challenges associated with the acquisition of high quality data that are available. This study integrates building information modeling (BIM) with DLCA to develop a new assessment model for buildings. It follows the basic LCA paradigm and includes five parts: goal and scope definition, BIM module, dynamic database, dynamic assessment, and interpretation. In the BIM-DLCA model, BIM was used to extract material information and the construction schedule. A number of analysis software and simulation tools were used to quantify the temporal elementary flows throughout the lifecycle of the building. Various forms of dynamic data were aggregated to create a database that supports dynamic assessment. A case study was used to testify the BIM-DLCA model and the case study's outcomes indicate that BIM has the potential to simplify data collection process and support DLCA. The proposed BIM-DLCA model is operable in practice. With the rapid development of digitalization and intelligence, the proposed BIM-DLCA model lays an important foundation for future assessment studies and promotes smart LCA.
Adoption of digital information tools in the construction sector provides fertile ground for the birth and growth of companies that specialize in applications of technologies to design and construction. While some of the technologies are new, many implement ideas proposed in construction research decades ago that were impractical without a sound digital building information foundation. Building Information Modelling (BIM) itself can be traced to a landmark paper from 1975; ideas for artificially intelligent design and code checking tools date from the mid-1980s; and construction robots have laboured in research labs for decades. Yet only within the past five years has venture capital actively sought startup companies in the ‘Construction Tech’ sector. Following a set of digital construction innovations through their known past and their uncertain present, we review their increasingly optimistic future, all through the lens of their dependence on digital information. The review identifies new challenges, yielding a set of research topics with the potential to unlock a range of future applications that apply artificial intelligence.
The iterative and developing nature of designing a building involves the specification and handling of vague, imprecise, and incomplete information. A crucial factor for mitigating the impact of these uncertainties on the decision-making process is to effectively quantify and communicate them among the project stakeholders. The interactive visualization of 3D building models provides great support for evaluating building designs. However, the currently available visualization methods of the available authoring tools do not incorporate the potential uncertainties associated with the geometric and semantic information of building elements. Currently, building models appear precise and certain, even in the early design stages, which can lead to false assumptions and model evaluations, affecting the decisions made throughout the design stages. Hence, this paper presents a set of visualization approaches, including intrinsic, extrinsic, animation, and walkthroughs, that have been developed to present the uncertainties associated with the building elements' information. The efficiency of the approaches developed in this study was evaluated through an online survey and interviews. More specifically, the approaches were compared in terms of intuitiveness, applicability, and acceptance. The evaluation results positively indicated the participants' ability to understand the amount and impact of the uncertainties on the design by using the developed approaches.
Jerome Bruner’s contribution to understanding human psychological functioning is manifold. In this commentary I focus on his suggestion that human action is always purposeful and directed towards imagined goals, and interrogate the contributions made by Salvatore and Fasulo in light of this idea. I develop further the ideas discussed in these papers to propose a conceptualisation of future-orientedness of human meaning-making, and discuss how narrating as a process of creating and enacting possibilities for the future could be understood. In my commentary I emphasize that human meaning making is not only about making sense of things that have already happened, but also about imagining a future where self and self’s relation to others could be otherwise. I suggest that conceptual models of meaning making need to move beyond a mere focus on past and present and instead consider the process of becoming in relation to and together with others.
The present meta-analysis investigated the relations between creative self-efficacy (CSE) and creativity measures and hypothesized that self-assessed questionnaires would have a different relation to self-efficacy beliefs compared to other creativity tests. The meta-analysis synthesized 60 effect sizes from 41 papers (overall N = 17226). Taken as a whole, the relation between CSE and creativity measures was of medium size (r = .39). Subgroup analyses revealed that self-rated creativity correlated higher with self-efficacy (r = .53). The relation with divergent thinking tests was weak (r = .23). Creativity scales had a medium size relation (r = .43), and was stronger than the relation to verbal performance tasks (r = .27) and figural performance tasks (r = .19). In a comparison between measures focusing on the creative person (r = .47), the creative product (r = .32), and the creative process (r = .27), the person aspect was most strongly linked to CSE. Thus, the relation between self-efficacy and creativity measures is dependent on the type of measurement used, emphasizing the need for researchers to distinguish between different instruments – not the least between self-report scales and more objective test procedures. Conceptual implications are discussed and critique concerning the creativity concept is brought up.
This paper determines the results of work readiness skills, career self-efficacy and career exploration of a final year engineering students of a private university of Malaysia. Data were collected from 62 final year engineering students. Reliability analysis was conducted to measure the internal consistency of scale. Results show highly reliable scale range for each variable. Furthermore, level of work readiness skills, career self-efficacy and career exploration was calculated on the basis of their mean score. Overall, results show that engineering graduates possessed remarkably high skills, confidence on their abilities and more active towards career exploration, as reflected by their mean scores. The results and findings of this research will be helpful to enhance the certain skills for the entry level engineering graduates. Moreover, teaching faculty can develop the curriculum for the students of Malaysia in order to equip engineering graduates with required skills so that graduates are able to get employed and compete the labor market.
Teachers’ efficacy beliefs are thought to influence not only their motivation and performance but also the achievement of their students. Scholars have therefore turned their attention toward the sources underlying these important teacher beliefs. This review seeks to evaluate the ways in which researchers have measured and conceptualized the sources of teaching self-efficacy across 82 empirical studies. Specifically, it aims to identify what can be inferred from these studies and what important questions still remain about the origins of teachers’ efficacy beliefs. Results indicate that a number of methodological shortcomings in the literature have prevented a clear understanding of how teachers develop a sense of efficacy. Nonetheless, insights gleaned from existing research help to refine, and to expand, theoretical understandings of the sources of self-efficacy and their influence in the unique context of teaching. Implications for future research and practice are addressed.
Various commentators have argued for years that the study of teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, largely dominated by quantitative research methodologies, has been confused. Contentious issues include the very conceptualization of these beliefs, how they are defined and accessed through research and how the research is used. One of the biggest anomalies is that, despite claiming that these beliefs are task-specific, many quantitative researchers have both assessed them globally and portrayed them as hard to impact. In contrast, some qualitative researchers have emphasized the task-specific nature of these beliefs and their potential for transformation through self-doubt, reflection and learning. This literature review examines these and other contentious issues, focusing on studies published in international peer-reviewed journals in the last few years, looking, through the use of search terms and the surveying of abstracts followed by detailed reading, for evidence of developing understandings and changing research practices. This review highlights continuing misalignment between theory and method in much of the literature, but also identifies promising research directions. Mixed methods and qualitative research designs seem to have the potential to produce insightful findings that can make the study of teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs of greater use to teacher educators than has previously been the case
The construction industry has experienced a gradual reduction in its working productivity since the early 1960s. In the meantime, the non-farm industries such as the manufacturing industry have increased their labor productivity. The decrease of labor productivity in the construction industry requires more labor hours per contract money (pond) amount. This indicates that construction industry is lacking the development for labor saving ideas. Figure 1 illustrates the gap between the non-farm and construction industry labor productivity.
The main causes of the lack of working productivity in the construction industry are related to its fragmented nature due to traditional project delivery approach, traditional use of 2D Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) technology and the size of construction firms (Teicholz, 2004). First of all, the traditional construction project delivery approach, Design-Bid-Build, fragments the roles of participants during design and construction phases. In other sentence, it hinders the collaborative involvement of the general contractor or the construction manager during the design phase of the project. Secondly, the use of common and traditional two dimensional CAD drawings does not promote a true collaborative approach. Architects and engineers produce their own fragmented CAD documents to relay theirs designs to owners and contractors. These drawings are not integrated and usually pose conflicts of information which result in inefficiency in labour productivity. The estimators need to count and generate their own quantity take offs based on the produced CAD documents. Moreover, the 2D CAD approach does not promote the integration of the drawings with schedule and cost. Lastly, due to fluctuating demand and unique site-construction requirements the construction companies are very small specialized and regional firms as depicted in the bar chart below as illustrated figure 2 which mentioned.
The authors of this study sought to examine the relationships among teachers' years of experience, teacher characteristics (gender and teaching level), three domains of self-efficacy (instructional strategies, classroom management, and student engagement), two types of job stress (workload and classroom stress), and job satisfaction with a sample of 1,430 practicing teachers using factor analysis, item response modeling, systems of equations, and a structural equation model. Teachers' years of experience showed nonlinear relationships with all three self-efficacy factors, increasing from early career to mid-career and then falling afterwards. Female teachers had greater workload stress, greater classroom stress from student behaviors, and lower classroom management self-efficacy. Teachers with greater workload stress had greater classroom management self-efficacy, whereas teachers with greater classroom stress had lower self-efficacy and lower job satisfaction. Those teaching young children (in elementary grades and kindergarten) had higher levels of self-efficacy for classroom management and student engagement. Lastly, teachers with greater classroom management self-efficacy or greater instructional strategies self-efficacy had greater job satisfaction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
The focus of this study is on vocational training programs effectiveness related antecedents at the public sector in Bahrain. The study employed the Kirkpatrick model as the framework of the research and evaluated the vocational training effectiveness as the dependent variable. The study explores the relationship that exists between the independent variables, training material, and organizational culture together with the training effectiveness. For data collection, a survey instrument was developed from 46 items distributed to the Bahraini public sector employees to test the two hypotheses. One hundred and twenty-eight (128 questionnaires were the usable obtained total. The quantitative method is the applied design analyzed by the SPSS statistic software package. The findings indicate a positive and significant relationship from both factors at Kirkpatrick’s level of interest (result) and the training effectiveness. Also, unpredictably this study conquers a challenging and interesting area in the training setting for researchers in examining and optimizing the modality of training programmes. The study principally adds to the limited literature concerning vocational training effectiveness and training antecedents in the public sector. Effective training demands the organizations’ administration and specialists to optimize the antecedents of training to achieve the organization’s/training’s objectives. Comprehending the consequence of these specific variables will assist the establishment to increase the training benefits and accordingly the human resources performance. Thus, these variables’ importance should not be underestimated. The administration is supposed as well to take responsibility in promoting effective variables and drawing up an effective view.
This paper focused on the development and validation of a Work Readiness Assessment Scale (WRAS) for Home Economics graduates in Senior High School. It is aimed that the output be used by both the academe and industry in evaluating the work readiness of graduates. Furthermore, it identified the attributes and characteristics of work readiness as basis for scale development through a series of focus group discussions. Four dimensions were identified using NVivo software. The developed WRAS consisting of 15-items per dimension was validated in a sample of 311 Senior High School students using the Rasch Modelling. The results showed unidimensionality; a well-functioning response option; the difficulty of items increases as response option increases; it indicates a productive measure; items are well-structured; and each item can highly discriminate well between test takers with high and low level of work readiness. A correlation study was conducted between the results of the WRAS and Work Immersion grades to validate its functionality.
Aim
This study explored the relationship between self-efficacy, professional identity and competence among nursing students and analyzed the mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between professional identity and competence. Background: Increasing attention has been paid to the cultivation of competence among nursing students; however, few studies to date have analyzed its related factors and examined their relationship.
Design
A quantitative study with a descriptive design was performed in this study, adopting an online survey with convenience and snowball sampling. A cross-sectional sample of 887 nursing students in the internship period of their education program in mainland China was recruited from November to December 2020.
Methods
The Nursing Students Competence Instrument, Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students and General Self-efficacy Scale were distributed online. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, structural equation modeling (SEM) and the bootstrap method were employed in data analysis.
Results
Competence was significantly and positively correlated with professional identity (r = 0.598; P < 0.01) and self-efficacy (r = 0.692; P < 0.01). SEM analysis revealed that professional identity (β = 0.31; P < 0.01) or self-efficacy (β = 0.31; P < 0.01) could have a positive impact on competence. Meanwhile, self-efficacy played a mediating role in the relationship between professional identity and competence, with an indirect effect of professional identity creation through self-efficacy accounting for 52% of the total effect.
Conclusions
Self-efficacy mediates the relationship between professional identity and competence to some extent. School educators and clinical tutors should pay greater attention to students’ professional identity and self-efficacy to improve students’ competence.
Self-efficacy is an important factor determining an individual's intention to use digital devices. In particular, self-efficacy with digital devices is significant for older adults as it not only affects their intention to use but may also improve their overall quality of life. However, little research has sought to identify antecedent factors that can enhance digital self-efficacy in older adults. This study focuses on music service experience using digital devices, which is a preceding factor of self-efficacy. It aims to identify the relationship between the experience of using digital music services and self-efficacy, and examines the mediating role of both enjoyment and anxiety in this relationship. To address the research questions, we collected and analyzed survey data from 623 Koreans aged over 60 years. As expected, digital music service experience was significantly related to self-efficacy, and both enjoyment and anxiety were found to be significant mediators of this relationship. The findings revealed the relation between the experience of using digital music services, affection, and self-efficacy, making it possible to derive practical suggestions for encouraging older adults to use digital devices.
Klaus Schwab, founder and the executive chairman of the World Economic Forum announced the arrival of a new revolution, the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), characterized by a combination of technology that changes the line between fields and is driven by three mega trends of digital, physical systems and biological along with ways that will change people’s lives and the job market in the future. The arrival of the 4IR needs a further action on identifying industry trends, job demands and possibilities that may arise in parallel with this revolution especially to strengthening potential for skills development in line with 4IR. The skill sets required in both existing and new occupations will change and transform on how people work. The aim of the article is, to understand, as well as between developed and emerging markets, the employment, skills and education concerns of individuals. A qualitative research design with a focus group was used to collect data for this study. The focus group method entails focus group discussions on the aspect of strengthening human potential for skills development in line with 4IR, involving stakeholders members from the competence body which is Department of Skills Development (DSD) Malaysia, industry players from Industry Lead Body (ILB) appointed by DSD of various industry and an academician from the different TVET institutions. The findings showed four strategic aspect that can be used as a guideline to develop the skills set for 4IR which are empowering digital skills, proficient in using high impact technology, entrepreneurial mindset and lastly skilled workers with a combination of technical skills and soft skills.
The goal of this study is to test the individual and combined effects of supplementing an online statistics lesson with four motivational strategies corresponding to Bandura’s (1997) four sources of self-efficacy (anxiety coping, modeling, mental practice, and effort feedback) on cognitive, motivational, and affective outcomes. Internet participants (N = 279) completed an online statistics module in one of six conditions with one or all four self- efficacy-building strategies (5 treatment conditions) or none of these strategies (control condition). The results indicated that the four strategies worked effectively in combination, significantly improving transfer test scores (d = 0.608), increasing self-efficacy ratings (d = 0.696), and reducing task anxiety ratings (d = −0.534), as compared with the control condition. By contrast, no motivational strategy alone was effective. The results suggest the importance of taking advantage of the power of all four sources of self-efficacy information in combination when designing motivational interventions for online mathematical lessons.
Although past research has stressed the importance of creativity in multicultural groups, few studies have explored the individual factors that can facilitate collective creative performance in such contexts. In two studies we investigated the effect of cultural self-efficacy on creative performance in bicultural dyads. In a first study (N = 110, 55 dyads), we found a positive correlation between individuals' level of cultural self-efficacy and their joint creative output in bicultural dyads. In a second study (N = 104), we manipulated study participants' cultural self-efficacy prior to an online brainstorming session either with someone from a different culture, or with someone from their own culture. Results revealed that the cultural self-efficacy manipulation positively affected the individual creativity of participants when participants believed that they were brainstorming ideas with someone from a different culture. Our findings suggest that cultural self-efficacy is an important facilitator of creativity when working with people with a different cultural background. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Studies have shown that implicit theories of intelligence can shape many educational and work-related outcomes. Espousing a belief that intelligence can change over time has been found to be associated with achievement, adjustment, and well-being in various contexts. Nevertheless, little attention has been paid to the role of implicit theories in other abilities in youth’s career-related functioning. This study examines the associations of implicit theories of talent (i.e., entity and incremental beliefs about talent) with career exploration
self-efficacy, and talent development self-efficacy, in a sample of 700 Filipino undergraduate students. Results of hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that even after controlling for age, gender, academic engagement, and academic self-efficacy, both entity and incremental theories of talent were linked to increased career exploration and talent development self-efficacy. Findings indicate that whereas incremental theory was more strongly linked to career exploration self-efficacy, entity theory was more strongly related to talent development self-efficacy
Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been one of the critical concerns for developing dense urban form. Capturing the human-scaled effects of dense urban form in TOD remains poorly explored. This study aims to devise human-scaled measurements to investigate the areas around metro stations in TOD, focusing on the interaction between the physical environment and residents' activities. We employed Urban Network Analysis (UNA) in GIS at the building level with five metrics—Reach, Betweenness, Gravity, Closeness, and Straightness—to delineate the spatial configurations of TOD areas; compiled Facebook check-in and points of interest (POIs) data to capture residents' social activities; and synthesized urban form attributes and social activities with a spatial lag model to explore spatial correlations. Urban forms within an 800-m TOD radius have significant impacts on the spatial distribution of POIs and social activities. Traditional neighborhoods are characterized by high Reach, Gravity, and Betweenness values, equipped with spatially evenly distributed and rich urban functions of facilities, services, and social activities, whereas integrated development neighborhoods are associated with high Closeness values and are equipped with agglomerated facilities, services, and social activities. Furthermore, the residents' social activities vary by time and generally happen in high Betweenness and Gravity areas during leisure hours. Strengthening urban form through dense road networks, small blocks, side streets, and direct linkages will encourage social activities and enhance residents’ accessibility to facilities and services. Urban form follows neighborhood functions that determine a good street life of services, facilities, and social activities.
Students’ connectedness to various social agents has been linked to specific domains of self-efficacy but little is known about the mechanisms linking connectedness to adaptive student outcomes. This research aimed to examine the association of connectedness academic self-efficacy (Study 1) and career development self-efficacy (Study 2) via the mediating effects of gratitude using prospective research design among Hong Kong high school students. Sample comprised 141 high school students in Study 1 and 132 high school students in Study. There was 12-month interval between Time 1 and Time 2 survey administration. Study 1 showed that Time 1 connectedness to parents and peers positively predicted Time 2 academic self-efficacy through the mediating role of Time 2 gratitude. Study 2 demonstrated that Time 1 connectedness to parents and school positively predicted Time 2 career development self-efficacy via Time 2 gratitude. Converging evidence was reached on the mediating influence of gratitude on the link between connectedness and different domains of self-efficacy. Teachers, guidance counselors and psychologists are encouraged to provide increased opportunities for students to strengthen their peer relationships and connection with families in order to boost their self-confidence in areas of academic and career development.
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The construction industry is known for its fragmentation, poor performance and negative impacts on the environment. In recent years, Building Information Modelling (BIM), lean principles and sustainability concerns have emerged as trends in the industry, since they aim to improve how buildings are delivered throughout their entire lifecycle. Value aggregation and efficiency in operational and environmental terms are major concerns by stakeholders and wider society. Integrating these practices would yield better project outcomes. However, majority of studies are focused on these elements in isolation or in pairs and there are no comprehensive frameworks suggesting an integration. This study researched, analysed and articulated existing work on a possible integration framework of BIM, lean and sustainability principles (BLS) to promote performance improvements. Current proposals were analysed along with drivers, benefits, barriers and challenges for integration. Academics and industry practitioners will benefit from this framework as it looks into future requirements of the industry, which is aiming to achieve better efficiency and enhancement of sustainability outcomes.
The integration of operational information in building life-cycle management is a relevant topic within the facilities management domain. A previous study proposed a methodology based on Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Facility Management (FM) systems integration, underpinned by a Performance Information Model, to support the performance assessment and the maintenance management. The purpose of this paper is to extend and validate that methodology with an open standard approach. A subset of the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema related to performance assessment and maintenance procedures is mapped into a relational database. The database supports the integration between BIM models and facilities information systems. Case studies including healthcare buildings test the database and a new application. The results contribute to the BIM adoption in the FM domain. Also, the studied and validated IFC schema subset can be considered as a contribution to the Model View Definition for FM.
Current education reforms have increasingly advocated schools to create facilitative organizational conditions to promote teacher learning. However, limited research has examined the effects of different aspects of school organizational conditions on teacher professional learning in China. Using a sample of 339 primary and secondary school teachers in Shanghai, this study examined the effects of three aspects of school organizational conditions (i.e., learning-centered leadership, learning opportunities, and cultural barriers) on teacher professional learning in China, with a particular focus on the mediating role of teacher self-efficacy as an important psychological condition. The results showed that two aspects of school organizational conditions (i.e., learning-centered leadership and learning opportunities) had significant and positive effects on teacher learning. Teacher self-efficacy significantly mediated the effects of both learning-centered leadership and cultural barriers on teacher professional learning. Practical implications are also discussed.
This study develops a carbon emission measurement system for prefabricated residential buildings (PRBs) during the materialization phase based on building information modeling (BIM) and a carbon emission measurement model. The model is constructed using the carbon emission coefficient method. For more accurate measurement, the materialization phase of PRBs' carbon cycle is re-defined into five stages (material production, material transportation, component production, component transportation, and construction). This innovative system also incorporates Microsoft Access-based databases for data management. The implementation of the system in a PRB project in Shenzhen, China revealed that over 90% of carbon emissions were generated in the building material production and construction stages, and overall carbon emissions per unit volume of all the prefabricated components were 764.87 kg/m³, 20.11% lower than those of the cast-in-situ parts. Compared with results obtained from the traditional method, the system's percentage error was 6.52%, showing good reliability in carbon emission measurement. The discrepancy was reasonably justified by inevitable material losses and transportation distances. It is concluded that the measurement system can accurately predict PRB projects' carbon emissions in project planning and early design, identify key areas for carbon emission pre-control, and facilitate dynamic management of carbon emission reduction during the materialization phase.
This paper investigates the viability of using synthetic point clouds generated from building information models (BIMs) to train deep neural networks to perform semantic segmentation of point clouds of building interiors. In order to achieve these goals, this paper first presents a procedure for converting digital 3D BIMs into synthetic point clouds using three commercially available software systems. Then the generated synthetic point clouds are used to train a deep neural network. Semantic segmentation performance is compared for several models trained on: real point clouds, synthetic point clouds, and combinations of real and synthetic point clouds. A key finding is the 7.1% IOU boost in performance achieved when a small real point cloud dataset is augmented by synthetic point clouds for training, as compared to training the classifier on the real data alone. The experimental results confirmed the viability of using synthetic point clouds generated from building information models in combination with small datasets of real point clouds. This opens up the possibility of developing a segmentation model for building interiors that can be applied to as-built modeling of buildings that contain unseen indoor structures.
Building information modeling has been widely adopted by the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction industry worldwide. The education of this technology has significant contributions to productivity in the construction industry. Problems in building information modeling education have been noticed in many regions. However, building information modeling education has not been thoroughly discussed in China. It is needed to figure out and present the status of building information modeling education and research in this region. This study used literature review and case studies to find out the state of research and education in China. The status of building information modeling research and education in China was revealed. The study applied natural language processing to summarize research areas of building information modeling. The geographical distributions of research and education were created and compared to the geo-plot of the total value of the construction industry by province. The article found three central attitudes towards BIM education and discusses possible reasons why they were close to the trend of changes in the scale of the AEC industry. Neural network tools were used to analyze the causes of this insufficiency. More than half of the education programs are within engineering management. The geographical distributions of research and education comply with the Heihe-Tengchong Line. The comparisons of education in China and America indicated that Building Information Modeling education in China needs to extend knowledge in computer and information technology.
Post-earthquake fires occur frequently, and the seismic damage to non-structural components results in dangerous fire and evacuation environments. Both firefighters and trapped people will face serious threats to life during the rescue. Consequently, a simulation framework of an indoor post-earthquake fire rescue scenario based on building information model (BIM) and virtual reality (VR) is proposed herein. Information of structural and non-structural components is extracted from the BIM. Subsequently, the seismic damage of non-structural components is predicted according to the time-history results and fragility curves. Moreover, a smoke visuali-zation method combining volume rendering and the particle system is also proposed. A case study of a 19-story hospital is conducted using the proposed method for establishing the fire rescue scenario. The results show that the established VR scenario has high realism and smooth interactivity, and the influence of smoke on the fire rescue is more significant than that of fallen debris.
Integrating two critical technologies, Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS), can bring excellent results into digital construction. However, a point of contention in this integration has yet to be resolved. In view of the shortcomings of the network transmission and browser rendering of current integrated BIM-GIS schemes, accordingly the 3D Tiles data format using Web Graphics Library (WebGL) as the standard for rendering 3D models has been widely considered in recent years. This study provides an implementation plan for data integration and information interaction between BIM and GIS. It aims to improve the traditional model simplification processing solution, analyze the current insufficient network transmission and browser rendering ability of the BIM and GIS integration scheme, and transform the BIM model from the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) into the 3D Tiles data format. In this study, IFC standard files are first exported as the data source, and the mapping relationship between BIM files and 3D Tiles files is analyzed. The integral IFC model is then reorganized to form JSON files associated with semantic attributes and building component models with geometric information. The proposed relationship mapping allows the attribute contained in the IFC models to be delivered to 3D tiles. Meanwhile, the coordinate transformation, data mapping, spatial index, and Level of Details (LOD) hierarchical division are completed during conversion to ensure fast and efficient rendering interaction of BIM data and geographical features in the 3D WebGIS framework. The experiment results indicated that users can quickly load the BIM model on the Web site, which may be viewed as a feasible solution for the large-scale data integration of GIS and BIM on the Web site.
This commentary addresses the functional properties of perceived self-efficacy in the context of a set of studies contending that belief in one’s capabilities has debilitating or null effects. It encompasses four theoretical orientations. These include social cognitive theory rooted in an agentic perspective, control theory grounded in a cybernetic model, and trait self-efficacy theory and Big Five theory based on a decontextualized trait model. Critical analyses of the studies in question document their failure to fulfill key theoretical, methodological, analytical, and construct assessment requirements. The article extends beyond critical analyses of the published studies. It specifies the theoretical, methodological, and analytical requirements essential to the advancement of knowledge on the role that perceived self-efficacy plays in human self-development, adaption, and change at both the individual and collective levels.
This review investigates the state of teacher self- and collective efficacy research conducted from 1998 to 2009. Two hundred
and eighteen empirical articles published in 1998–2009 were examined for key characteristics and compared to research published
in the previous 12 years (i.e., 1986–1997). Results from the review show increases in overall teacher efficacy research, methodological
diversity, domain specificity, internationalization, and focus on collective efficacy. Continuing problem areas were a lack
of attention to the sources of teacher efficacy, continued measurement and conceptual problems, a lack of evidence for the
links between teacher efficacy and student outcomes, and uncertain relevance of teacher efficacy research to educational practice.
An outline of directions for future teacher efficacy research is provided.
In the second edition of the Essay Concerning Human Understanding, John Locke argues that personal identity over time consists in sameness of consciousness rather than the persistence of any substance, material or immaterial. Something about this view is very compelling, but as it stands it is too vague and problematic to provide a viable account of personal identity. Contemporary "psychological continuity theorists" have tried to amend Locke's view to capture his insights and avoid his difficulties. This paper argues that the standard approach fails because it takes Locke to be a memory theorist, and does not focus enough on his claim that we need continuity of consciousness for personal persistence. An alternative reading of Locke is offered, emphasizing the role of self-understanding in producing continuity of consciousness. This alternative overcomes the difficulties with the standard approach, and shows how it is possible to attribute unconscious psychological elements to a person, even when personal persistence is defined in terms of consciousness.
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is an expansive knowledge domain within the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operations (AECO) industry. To allow a systematic investigation of BIM's divergent fields, its knowledge components must be defined and expanding boundaries delineated. This paper explores some of the publicly available international guidelines and introduces the BIM Framework, a research and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders. This is a ‘scene-setting’ paper identifying many conceptual parts (fields, stages, steps and lenses), providing examples of their application and listing some of the Framework's deliverables. This paper also identifies and deploys visual knowledge models and a specialised ontology to represent domain concepts and their relations.
Children and Youth Services Review Self-efficacy and well-being in adolescents : A comparative study using variable and person-centered analyses
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The Contribution of Work Environment and Motoric Cognition on Work Readiness of Vocational High School Student
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Building Information Modeling : Why ?
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Social Development and Human Development: Topic guide
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