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The Importance Of Guidance And Counseling In Effective School Learning
- 12
JIGE 4 (1) (2023) 12 -19
JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION
ejournal.nusantaraglobal.ac.id/index.php/jige
THE IMPORTANCE OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN
EFFECTIVE SCHOOL LEARNING
Zainab Canu
1
, Charli Sitinjak
2
1
IAIN, Ternate
2
Faculty of Psychology, Esa Unggul University, West Jakarta City, Special Capital Region of Jakarta
History Article
Article history:
Received Feb, 01, 2023
Approved Feb, 15 2023
ABSTRACT
Guidance and counselling are essential for a child's future
success in school. The study acknowledges that counselling is a
transformative process that assists people in learning everything
they need to learn both inside and outside of school. Design /
Methodology / Approach: Because this is an opinion paper, the
study used to review research techniques. Findings: The paper
acknowledges that counsellors must build the child's confidence
in order for him or her to be able to provide the necessary
information in order to help the child (students). Practical
implications: Guidance counsellors should encourage students
to attend therapy sessions to assist the child in their future
success. Originality / Importance: This paper discusses the role of
guidance and counselling in effective teaching and learning in
schools for children's future success.
ABSTRAK
Panduan dan konseling sangat penting untuk kesuksesan masa
depan anak di sekolah. Studi ini mengakui bahwa konseling
adalah proses transformatif yang membantu orang dalam
belajar segala hal yang mereka butuhkan baik di dalam maupun
di luar sekolah. Desain / Metodologi / Pendekatan: Karena ini
adalah sebuah makalah pendapat, studi ini menggunakan teknik
review penelitian. Temuan: Makalah ini mengakui bahwa
konselor harus membangun kepercayaan anak agar dapat
memberikan informasi yang diperlukan untuk membantu anak
(siswa). Implikasi praktis: Konselor bimbingan harus
mendorong siswa untuk mengikuti sesi terapi untuk membantu
anak dalam kesuksesan masa depan mereka. Originalitas /
Pentingnya: Makalah ini membahas peran panduan dan
konseling dalam pembelajaran efektif dan pengajaran di sekolah
untuk kesuksesan masa depan anak
.
Keywords:
Counselling, Child's
future success,School,
Transformative process
© 2023 Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education
*
Corresponding author email:
charli.sitinjak@esaunggul.ac.id
Canu& Sitinjak / Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education 4 (1) (2023)
The Importance Of Guidance And Counseling In Effective School Learning - 13
INTRODUCTION
Counselling and guidance are essential factors in shaping a child's orientation and
discarding negative ideas from the surrounding environment. Therefore, the role of school
counsellors is significant in helping shape the child's future through counselling therapy. School
counsellors are recognized as role models for children and are highly respected by students. The
counsellor has the task of being a friend to the child and listening to his complaints, providing
assistance and guiding them in achieving the right life goals. According to Smith and Gillon
(2021), an environment conducive to the teaching and learning process is needed to achieve
overall child development. Therefore, educational services that help promote the learning process
in schools are essential and receive priority attention from education planners. Counselling
services are one of the educational services in schools that are expected to help develop, assess,
and improve educational programs, improve teacher competence, and reduce student costs.
Children, while attending school, experience several challenging periods in their lives.
They are going through an often challenging transition phase from childhood to adulthood. The
two main influences in a teenager's life are family and school. Educational institutions must help
young people overcome the changes and difficulties associated with adolescents and assist them
in developing a sense of responsibility and making important decisions.
Help and counselling are essential in providing a good foundation for life education.
Although not medical or psychiatric, this service can be used by individuals who have problems
asking for help and guidance. School counsellors play an essential role in helping children shape
their future through counselling therapy. School counsellors are considered exemplary and
respected by students. Through their training, they are expected to be friends with students, listen
to their complaints, and guide them to assist them in shaping a promising future.
School counsellors have a significant role in helping children overcome problems during
this transition period. Counsellors can help the child to overcome emotional problems and assist
in solving problems that arise during their school days. Counsellors can also help children
understand the importance of learning and assist in preparing them for the future.
One of the main tasks of the counsellor is to help the child build their self-confidence. In
addition, counsellors can teach them how to effectively use time and help children understand the
importance of learning. Counsellors can also help children build a sense of responsibility and help
children make informed decisions in their lives.
Therefore, families and schools need to work closely with school counsellors in assisting
children in their growth. School counsellors can help children prepare themselves for the changes
during the transition period and assist them in building a solid foundation for their future. In
addition, by ensuring that the child has the proper support in addressing the issues that arise
during the transition period, we can help the child to become a fulfilled and happy adult.
Education and guidance are important elements in a child's development to ensure a child's
future success. This concept emphasizes that the counsellor's job is to help the child overcome
problems and build self-confidence. Thus, the counsellor's job is to help the child understand the
importance of learning and help them achieve their goals in their lives. In this regard, the role of
counselling and guidance in the child's future practical and successful learning process is
significant to be accepted and applied.
In guidance and counselling, these two terms usually have different meanings. The
guidance refers to helping the overall development of learners, while counselling is often focused
on helping students with problems. In other words, the guidance focuses on prevention and
development, whereas counselling leads to support and improvement (Patch & Middleton, 2018;
Canu& Sitinjak / Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education 4 (1) (2023)
The Importance Of Guidance And Counseling In Effective School Learning - 14
Smith & Gillon, 2021; Vasiloglou et al., 2019). Furthermore, global trends seem to shift from
treatment and improvement approaches towards prevention and development approach in
providing guidance and counselling (Singh et al., 2020; Situmorang, 2020; Vostanis & Bell,
2020). Therefore, guidance and counselling is an essential therapy for schoolchildren.
In-school tutoring is part of a program specifically aimed at helping students reach their
full potential and prepare for adulthood. According to Vostanis & Bell (2020), guidance and
counselling is a process that helps the individual to become more aware of himself and how he
reacts to his environment. It also helps them establish a personal meaning for their actions and
develop goals and values for future actions.
In general, guidance and counselling have different meanings. The guidance focuses more
on the overall development of students, while counselling is more aimed at assisting students in
addressing their problems. Education in schools should have guidance and counselling programs
to help students reach their full potential and prepare them for adult life. Guidance helps the
individual become aware of himself and how he reacts to his environment and helps them to
understand the personal meaning of their behaviour and determine goals and values for the
future. Meanwhile, counselling helps students in overcoming their problems and build self-
confidence. Both of these processes are very important in helping students achieve success and
become healthy and happy individuals.
According to Vostanis & Bell (2020), guidance and counselling help people be aware of
themselves and how they react to the environment. This process also helps them determine
personal meaning for behaviour and establish and classify goals and values for future behaviour.
Counselling, as defined by Situmorang (2020), is a series of procedures to help a person overcome
their problems. Counselling emphasizes learning's emotional aspects and personal interactions,
including emotions, feelings, values, and attitudes. Counselling is the interaction process between
two or more individuals, for example, between a client and a trusted counsellor (Ahmad &
Zadha, 2019; Natividad, 2010; Özdemir & Bacanli, 2020; Rivas-Martínez, 2007; Saharan &
Sethi, 2009; Manalu & Sitinjak, 2022). Counselling is a learning process in which the counsellor
helps individuals or groups learn, understand themselves and their environment and can make
behavioural choices that help them develop educationally, vocationally, and socially (Özdemir &
Bacanli, 2020). Counselling is a transformation process that helps people learn everything they
need to know inside and outside school. Counselling is an interpersonal interaction in which
others help a person develop, improving understanding and coping with their problems.
Sometimes, this process involves a group of two or more people.
This study aimed to determine the benefits of school counselling for students, the area of
work of school counsellors, the purpose of school, the role of school counselling and counselling
in schools, and views on school counselling and counselling. This study aims to examine the
benefits of school counselling programs for students, the work area of school counsellors, the
purpose of school, the role of school counselling, and the views of school counselling on practical
learning.
METHODS
The study is analytical. Secondary information is collected from various publications,
reports, journals, books, newspapers, etc. Internet sources and websites are also consulted for
study purposes. This methodology was used to ensure that the data used in the study was
accurate and accountable. This secondary data collection is essential for enriching understanding
of the topic under study and providing a foundation for data analysis and interpretation. The
study focuses on secondary data analysis to gain information and insights into the benefits of
school counselling programs for students, areas of school counsellor work, guidance and
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counselling objectives in schools, the role of guidance and counselling in schools, and
perspectives on practical learning and counselling guidance.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The Value of School Guidance Program Benefits for Students. Here are some of the
benefits of tutoring for students in school:
1. Preparing students to face the challenges of the 21st century through academic, career,
and personal/social development.
2. Linking educational programs with future success.
3. Facilitate career exploration and development.
4. Improve decision-making and problem-solving skills.
5. Helps in acquiring knowledge about oneself and others.
6. Improves personal development.
7. Helps in developing effective interpersonal relationship skills.
8. Expanding knowledge of a changing world.
9. Provide advocacy for students.
10. Encourage facilitating peer interaction and cooperation.
11. Encourage endurance factors for students.
12. Ensuring equal access to educational opportunities.
School Guidance Counsellor Work Field. In 1981, the Cork branch of the Institute of
Guidance Counselors issued a job description for the School Guidance Cooperative, which
contained its areas of work. School Guidance Counsellor ;(Sitinjak Charli & Hurriyati Dwi,
2022)
1. Provide individualized guidance to students and provide group education and vocational
guidance.
2. Assist individual students in overcoming personal problems, social, emotional, and
others.
3. Helps in personal development.
4. Provide advice on learning techniques.
5. Provide advice on job applications and interviews.
6. It is possible to do psychological tests and other tests.
7. Maybe refer students to other agencies.
8. Perhaps coordinating a system of pastoral guidance in schools.
9. Have freedom and flexibility in arranging guidance activities according to the school's
needs.
Continuing from this report, four primary areas of work for the School counsellor are
determined; Individual counselling; Group Guidance; Employment Information; Psychological
tests.
What is the Purpose of Guidance and Counseling in Schools?
The purpose of school guidance and counselling services is to help students meet their
basic physiological needs, understand themselves and build relationships with their peers, balance
freedom of movement and control in the school environment, succeed and provide opportunities
for independence (Abdillah et al., 2010). 2022; Yuniarti & Sitinjak, 2022). Therefore, the purpose
of guidance and counselling is to highlight and strengthen educational programs. Some of the
specific objectives of the School Counseling Program are as follows (Maree, 2021; Rahmawati et
al., 2019; Szlamka et al., 2021):
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a) Providing fulfilment of students' potential: The school offers a variety of classes and
extracurricular activities for all students. An important task of education is to help
learners recognize and develop their potential. The role of the teacher is to help students
direct their energy to the many learning opportunities available to them. Each student
needs help to plan a long period of study and extracurricular activities.
b) Helping a child with developmental issues: Even students who have decided on a course
that works for them may have issues that require help. A teacher may have to spend one-
fifth to one-third of his time with some needy student, which is detrimental to the whole
class because the teacher meets their needs undivided. By helping these children solve
their problems, counsellors free the class teacher to use their time more effectively.
c) Provide technical support to teachers: In-service teacher training institutions tend to have
little experience in the technical aspects of teaching. Therefore, in most schools,
assistance in orientation and counselling activities is necessary for educational programs.
Professional tutors, in particular, can help teachers select, manage, and interpret tests.
Selection and use of cumulative records, anecdotes and other types; provide help and
advice on counselling techniques that teachers can use to guide their students; and lead
the coaching and implementation of professional development for teachers in advisory
functions.
d) Role in the collaborative adaptation of students and schools: Counseling is responsible for
developing and maintaining cooperative relationships between students and schools.
Teachers and supervisors should be aware of the needs of students. Students also have to
adapt to the school. Therefore, you should give something to the school. The most
important contribution of students is to use the school's resources wisely and work to
achieve achievements. Mutual adjustment of students and schools is facilitated by making
suggestions for improving programs, conducting research to improve education,
encouraging student adjustment through counselling, and promoting healthy school-
home relationships.
e) Developing Communication and Interpersonal Skills: Communication and interpersonal
skills are critical to student success in school and the future. Guidance and counselling
help students to develop these abilities through discussion groups, communication skills
exercises, and individual guidance. Counsellors can also help students to understand the
behaviours and actions of others, strengthen empathy, and build good interpersonal
relationships.
f) Improve Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Skills: Guidance and counselling also
assist students in improving problem-solving and decision-making skills. Counsellors can
help students to recognize problems and understand alternative solutions, as well as assist
them in making informed and wise decisions.
g) Encouraging Self-Development: Guidance and counselling are also crucial for students'
self-development. Counsellors can help students understand themselves, pursue life goals,
and address their personal problems. Guidance and counselling can also help students to
develop self-confidence, strengthen their sense of responsibility, and motivate them to
continue learning and developing.
Overall, school guidance and counselling aim to assist students in achieving academic
and personal success, and prepare them to overcome the challenges in the present and future
world. Therefore, school counsellors have an essential role in helping students reach their
potential and address any problems they may face.
What is the Role of Guidance and Counseling in Schools?
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Guidance and counselling programs are essential in supporting the development and
realization of individual and community potential. According to Makinde (1984), school
guidance and counselling aim to encourage optimal student development. This is supported by
McFadden et al. (2019) and Kathawa & Arora (2020), who state that this program aims to
develop students' intellectual abilities, build a balanced personality and shape individuals
intellectually, spiritually, morally and socially.
Guidance and counselling programs help students align their talents, interests, and values
to reach their full potential. Self-knowledge helps to formulate realistic life goals and plans. In
schools, after four years of university education and six courses in primary and secondary
schools, according to the Nigerian education system, the students need help to choose the proper
subjects and careers. Foon et al. (2020) note that the role of guidance and counselling programs is
to provide the necessary information about the courses offered and the qualifications required for
each course. This information helps students develop a realistic self-concept that suits their
academic abilities.
Most high school students are in adolescence. According to Hays (2020), Currently,
young people experience alienation, a syndrome that includes distrust, fear, pessimism, egoism,
emptiness, unclear norms and power. They point out that guidance and counselling are necessary
during this adolescence to help them understand their stages of development and adjust to school
life. Guidance and counselling programs also help students choose and pursue achievable careers.
Akçabozan-Kayabol et al. (2021), the world is very complex and dynamic, which makes career
choices very difficult. He explained that changing times, human changes and technological
developments require the role of guidance and counselling programs to encourage the
development and realization of human potential to the maximum for the benefit of individuals
and society. Pordelan & Hosseinian (2022) show that school counsellors are interested in
facilitating optimal student development and enriching individuals who contribute to society.
CONCLUSION
The conclusion of the roles of guidance and counselling programs in schools is that they
aim to help students reach their full potential, both individually and for the benefit of society. The
program helps students to understand their abilities and interests, helps them make the right
choices for subjects and careers, and helps them overcome problems and difficulties they may
face during adolescence.
However, although the roles of guidance and counselling programs in schools are significant,
many things still need to be researched to improve and improve these programs. Some of the
things that need to be researched include how the program can provide more effective assistance
to students from less favourable environments, how to ensure that the program can provide
appropriate and relevant assistance for students who are in adolescence, and how to ensure that
this program can help students make the right and realistic choices for their careers.
To address these issues, it is suggested that more research can be done to understand
more about how guidance and counselling programs can be improved and tailored to the needs of
students. This could include a study of how the program can be improved to provide more
effective assistance to students from a less favourable environment, a study of how to ensure that
the program can provide appropriate and relevant assistance to students who are in adolescence,
and a study of how to ensure that the program can help students make the right and realistic
choices for their careers.
Canu& Sitinjak / Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education 4 (1) (2023)
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By conducting further research and improving guidance and counselling programs, we
can ensure that students in schools can reach their potential and make the right choices for their
future. This will help create a better society and ensure future generations have a good chance of
thriving and succeeding.
However, research is still needed to evaluate the effectiveness of guidance and counselling
programs. Researchers can evaluate the implementation of this program and how it affects
student development. The research can also focus on addressing problems faced by students from
unfavourable backgrounds, such as social and economic issues, and how to help them make good
choices for their future.
Research can also be conducted to compare the effectiveness of guidance and counselling
programs in different schools and how factors such as resources, policies and the school
environment affect program effectiveness. This will help determine what can be done to improve
the guidance and counselling program and ensure that students receive the help they need..
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