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Coastal Vulnerability: Perception survey in Anlo Beach (Ghana), 2021
Abstract
The vulnerability of coastal territories has multiple dimensions, making it difficult to assess. One way of collecting data about the vulnerability of coastal areas is to interview people living on the coast. These communities have information on the coastal phenomena that occur on their territory and on the evolution over time of the frequency, intensity, and speed of progression of the pressures and pulses affecting them. They are the first observers of these phenomena. They are also the ones who suffer the consequences first, and who are most able to provide information on the impacts of coastal hazards on their territory. People living on the coast are also actors in their territory, where they carry out activities and development practices. Coastal communities, which are the focus of our survey, can therefore play four roles in the vulnerability of coastal socio-ecosystems: observers, impacted victims, agents of degradation, and agents of remediation. The consideration of these four roles is the basis for designing the current survey. The questionnaire is designed to be administered in several areas of the West African coastline. It is simple, accessible, and portable. In addition, it covers the major hazards, which are salinization, coastal erosion, flooding, plastic pollution, and oil pollution for cases in Senegal and Ghana. The second dimension that structured the questionnaire is an in-depth description of these major hazards. Thus, the questionnaire is designed as an appropriate tool for vulnerability assessment.
A pilot survey was conducted in the Anlo Beach community in the Western Region of Ghana to obtain information on risk perceptions. The survey targeted a sample of 156 respondents, with each respondent being an adult member (generally husband or wife) of a given household. To get the sample of households, a systematic sampling of every 5th household within the list of 740 enumerated households was carried out to ensure that the results that will be obtained from our survey will approximate what would have been obtained if the entire population had been surveyed. The interviews were conducted face-to-face in September and October 2021. Kobocollect software, installed on mobile phones, was used to conduct the interview. In most cases, responses provided to the questionnaire were used directly as binary or multi-modal variables.
Dada, Olusegun; Morand, Pierre; Louarn, Aubree; Angnuureng, Donatus Bapentire; Almar, Rafael, 2023, "Coastal Vulnerability: Perception survey in Anlo Beach (Ghana), 2021", https://doi.org/10.23708/RN7RWS, DataSuds, V1
Related paper:
Dada O.A., Angnuureng D.B., Almar R., Dzantor S., Morand P. (2022) « Social perceptions of coastal hazards in the Anlo Beach Community in the Western Region of Ghana », Journal of Coastal Conservation. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi: 10.1007/s11852-022-00909-9
... The survey addressed questions related to flood risk. In general, the questions were largely structured around the manifestation of flood risk as observed by the respondent, its evolution in recent years, the impact of the risk on the individual, and the possible measures that are taken or could be put in place in the management of these potential or actual risks (Dada et al., 2023a;Morand, 2021;Louarn, 2020). The questionnaire also asked about the gender, age, education level, length of residence and ownership of the respondents (Tables 1 and 2). ...
... org/), installed on mobile phones, was used to conduct the interviews. The methodology used for this survey, as well as the questionnaire, the data set and further information on the and further information and are available in an online data set (Dada et al., 2023a). ...
Policymakers concerned with coastal management issues have recently focused their efforts on how people perceive flood risk. Understanding the public's perception of risk has become an essential component of contemporary flood risk management, as it provides a basis for designing practical and effective flood mitigation strategies. This study was conducted in Anlo Beach, one of the most vulnerable coastal communities in Ghana. It investigated household perceptions of flood risk and examined them against independent physical measures that assess exposure. In parallel, multivariate regression analysis was conducted to identify and establish the key factors influencing household perceptions of flood risk in the study area. The results showed that two variables, previous flood experience (data collected through the social survey) and factual exposure (assessed through GIS measurements), played an important role in determining the level of flood risk reported by households. In particular, the relationship between previous flooding experience and perceived level of coastal flood risk was both positive and statistically significant. Socio-demographic factors did not have a significant influence on risk reporting. We conclude that perception variables collected through social surveys can be used as proxy indicators of environmental risks when physical measures are not available. Biases based on the socio-economic status of respondents may exist, but they do not outweigh information derived from people's factual relationships with the environment. Further studies on the above factors would support flood risk reduction measures in the study area and West Africa, particularly in light of climate change.
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