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A Comparison of Cultural Orientations in Gifted and Non-Gifted Adolescents

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This study aimed to compare the cultural orientations of gifted and non-gifted high school students in Turkey. The sample consisted of 688 adolescents living in 14 different cities in seven regions of Turkey, selected through multistage convenient sampling (unidentified = 345, identified = 343). Data was collected using the Individualism and Collectivism Scale to measure Hofstede's power distance and individualism-collectivism dimensions of culture. MANOVA and F-tests were used for data analysis. The results indicate that the mean of the allocentricism (collectivism) factor was statistically significantly lower among gifted students compared to non-gifted students. While idiocentricism (individualism) means favored gifted students, there was no statistically significant difference when compared to their unidentified peers. The findings are discussed in the context of past and current literature on gifted education and culture.
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

 !"!

#$%
!&'(
!)%*((
Abstract
#         '  ' ' 
#(#+,,'-.
'  #  ' '  ' / 0 1.2
01.13("4'56
$4(7
4 ( #    
/34'4''
'(8/3'4
'4(#'
9'(

'/:';&<=-<3(8
%'/<=-+>?'(<=-->(<=-2>
6-@A13 %4'/ <=-A>6(
<=-+3 4 %         /";6 <=-->
B(<==,>&-@+.>6<==A> 6%'<=-,> 6'(<=-,3("
     ' /6%' <==A%3( # 
'%
'%%4( 9 %    %
'!'C48
C% /:'D(<=-@3(   6' /<=-,3
  '%4! 8 
%(#%
        ' '   
' /6<=-@3'C
''%'
6/%<=-+34
%/E'<=-@3(5
 %'
%'(
' (/<=-=3   
$94'
 ' ( #     $ 4 %
%  /:'D (<=-@3$ %'
/7';!<=-<3   / (<=-A3  
(%54$
( 84'
$%'
9(F''4
4C' 4'G8
''''4''%
'4H'''
44 4' G '  % 
H  > ' '    %  
/% ; 6%' <=-+3( 6%H %  6%' /<=-+3  
'%(D/<=-A3 
''%'%4%%(4
' <-    % '  %    
%!"44'/!"(<=-=3(
6%'/<=-A3CC!I
/!I3'''4( 
9'4%'
444''%%
    %'  / ; 8 <=-2>  ; & -@,->
6%'<=<1<=<1%>:';6'<=-A344'H)8
%%'C'
4G"'8/-@,<3 ''
$  4'  
%'(8C' 
  C  /6%' <=<1%3( #     
4'(
5'$)JWestward the course of
empire takes its way”4'%4841==
%'8'%G#6
  /63     4 4  
/5'((34'48%'("
 '    '   7:'
/<=-23 '% '     % 4 8  /:' (
<=-,3(#''
)/3  /%3   /3  /<=<-3(#9
8%6%%4<=-=<=<=/n0--39$4
  '  %     
'( #   ' '   8
(#'C 
/(<=<=3( :'(/<=-,3 4
''(
(
''K'
''%
/! ; 7' <=--> 5 <=-13( #   '  '
%/('(5L%(
 '3 4  % %      ' 
    %  / <==2>  <=-.>
4;?<=<<> 8<=<=3(  '
'  9 
    9%
4''/
(<=<=3(9'
%'
(
649'G8
4')“Although the research on giftedness is nearly two centuries old,
literature is still far from any consensus about what giftedness is.”5%'
''%
'/!;7'<=--> <=-A>6'(<=-,>7';
!<=-<3(6%'%
(&/<=-13 C
 %  '     %    4
''(54
  9  '   % H C /FC <===
<=--<=--%>6%';D<=<->7;:'<=-2>:'(<=-<3(E
Rosetta Stone9'%('4
'%'
' 9  4      
 /6' (<=-,3(# ' 
'/'
3( /"(<=-.> (<=-A> ?'(<=--> 7(<=-,>
:';&<=-<3(%
M'/'<==.>6%'<=-A>6'<=-13(
'/:'<==23(
:'     C  9
/6%'<=<13(C44'''
(9
 '  4 ''      '
%N''/:';&<=-<>:'
(<=-13( '%4'
'!/;6'<=-,>6'
(<=-,3(6''
''9 /6(<=-+3(
!     %    
'' 9  ' 
(   %    ' '
'8/3!/3(
49%M
(/7';!<=-<3( 99
    4      H  
% /7';!<=-<>E'<=-@3(#
   J' ' 4 (O6
' 6     9  '  %/<=-+3 
 4     4 '    
     6( 7:' /<=-23 
'4''4('4
9%''$
 '9(  9' 
'H/(
<=<=> ';D<=-.3(#9'
''(
Cultural Orientation
   J %%  O 
4(/ <===(1>?'
<=-.3(#4
 (  /-@,=3      
4(5%4
(&4%(
'
%'/('(%3%%%(
# 4  H    '  
/5"I34/(<=-=>
# <==-3( 8'       
/(<==<3(5"I
   '  ' 4  
%' idiocentric %' allocentricist
/#<==-3(#  C %'
 '    H  '   4
' '     /(
<==@3(54%'4C
%''%''4'
'4   %' '
'''/#-@@23(6'(
/-@@23 '      C  
 % /753C 
/53/73C/3('75
   ' 4 5 'C
  H   7  '   
'%%/#
-@@23(
#/(('
3C4
' ( /7' ;!<=-<> :' (<=-@3( 
JP%4
O/('(&-@+.(-1.3
% %   '  /  ( <=-=3(5   
%%
'(/6-@A13( 9"6/<=--3 '4Q8
'GO(H44J'
(O#''%
  '     '  '   
/B ( <==,> & -@+.> 6<==A> 6%'<==A <==A% <=-,> :'(
<=-,3
4((/<=-A3 
4!8'%''
%4((/<=-=3
%%48/('(3!/('(
?3   4(# ' 
4     /( <=-=3( 
H4'/;6'
<=-,>6'(<=-,3(4'
49'/(<=<=>!;7'<=-->:'
 ( <=-,3( # 9' '       
    '      
%''/('('
3('
  C  9   4 4 /7' -@A,3( #  
6%'/<=-A34)
"If we want to develop students who are going to change the world, we will not do
it by selecting students merely on the basis of standardized tests or by teaching them in
ways that develop only their academic knowledge and skills." /(-2A3(
5
% 4    4  ( 5  'C 
/!;
7'<=--3(#(
%'%
4 4   8! 44  % 
'/(<=-A>5<=-1>5;:4
<=-13("4%9
8''(44
%  / ' ;D<=-.3( #%     #$ '
4!4%/6
(<=-@3(%%4'
    ' ' /RS ( <=-A3( ' # 
4'4/5'((>DTUSU%VU<=-<35
9% /3%
    '( 4     8%
' ' 5   4
44'(
Method
#'4C'H
%(#
% '( # C   4 4 '4
%(5
4%49'
4HQ'
GQ(
Population and Sample
#%''(#%
4 '%6  #
/64''3'
-,  /#    ,- 3(   ' 4
'( 5''%
%/5 4-12W<=-@X 
,23(5
' '  %(8 
449/3%/3
/3'44(#
5F4
!/!34'(
#'9'4)
+,,  '/# '' '3 -.
/<24931.244
/2=(-.Y31.144 ' /.@(,2Y3( 8 <=, /+=(<,Y3  
4  -1A /1@(A-Y3 4-+, /.,(@AY3   
4 -A. /2=(A<34(  4 <-A
/1-(2.Y34<2-/1+(+<Y34--+/-+(,+Y34N-=1
/-.(@AY34(#'
%49Z0-2(2+SD0-(=2'02/-1-,3
9Z0-2(++SD0-(<'0+/-1-@3(#4'
4)(4'
  %4  4   %  /(A,3   /(A@3
( 4N
 4 '  %4     
/<=<13(644'4
''4
%(
Data Collection
5  1A     5   6 /5"I 
   63  '    4 4  
C#%8!/<==A3 (5H4'H
JWhen another person does better than I do, I get tense and arousedO/6'(-@@23(
#     /  C  
C  %%(7557  3
2I/-0'20'3(5
%'%4%
%/[750(,=>[50(,->[70(+@>[0(AA38!MC
/[750(A+>[50(+,>[70(A1>[0(A+3(#4
4'''(#4 %4C0\1(1=4
4C0\A(==(#2Y'>
'%%/#%; <=<=3(
Results
#%-%
'(#44
7541(-@4'44
1(,<(644754
1(=.   '   4      4 1(A@( # 4 
'%4
(
Table 1
Means and Standard Deviations of Cultural Orientation Factors Grouped by Identification
Status
56

75 5 7 
9Z
σ
9Z
σ
9Z
σ
9Z
σ
/n01.23 1(-@ =(,2 1(2A =(21 1(A@ =(+= 1(,< =(+=
5/n01.<3 1(=. =(,. 1(+, =(.. 1(22 =(+= 1(A@ =(+.
 /73 4  
4%'%4
(#4
%4%#%<(
Table 2
Pearson Correlation Analysis Results of the Scores of Students Unidentified and Identified as
Gifted from Cultural Orientation Factors
Factors VI HI VA HA
75/753 -
C5/53 (1A,]]/(<A,]]3 -
7/73 (-.1]]/(=2@3 (-<-]/(=+@3 -
C/3 (==./(-A=]]3 (=,+/(=@-3 (2A2]]/(.2<]]3 -
]^(=2]]^(=-75050C70
 0C(7  
(
 '  H  7    C ' 
'59$4'FW-=
<<.@+,,X0<@(,=1p0(==-(45'/'p0(==-
 3  C  H /#%; <=<=3( "  
  %   #% -( 7 '     '
%%4
'8M 0(@. F/.+,13 0 -=(1, p ^ (==-  _< 0 (+ &4 0 -(  
%7'4F'
4CF/-+,+30,(<<p0(==.
`<0(=-F/-+,+30<2(1< p^(==-`<0(=1(#'
    ' '    C 
4''
(
Figure 1
Spider Web Diagram of Cultural Orientations of Adolescents Unidentified and Identified as
Gifted
Discussion and Conclusion
 

 
 











 
 
5'C/534
''/73
4'4(9#
(' 4 % 
        4  4
%(#'C'
%'H4%'
/#-@@23(#'%
%( #4'
4 / 5'((> DTUSU%VU<=-<3(4 '
#     6M      4  %( /6(
<=-@3(6  '% '   %% 8  
/6%'<=-A35''
''    % 8 %  #$ ' ( 6  
4  '  
 4    %  4 %   %'4%
/6%'<=-A3
#4'
(4%'4'4'%
  %'4% /6%' <=-A3(   "'  8 /-@,<3 M
M%(
''$%
(5'$
44$%(
#'  %''  
4'$4%(
#
'(4'9%N
%(6'9'
 4  %'  '%C      4 (
99'''$
4
(6%'/<=-A34'$
 % 4$ '%( 
F>%
/%;6%'<=-+3(#'
'%%!"<-
/;D<=-A>!"(<=-=3(#!IC
''    4 4  ' % 
%   %       %' ( 4 
8C'C4%
 ' '  ( # 
%'C'44
(#' 
''''%%
(
#'%4'
'%
' ' ( #    9     
%
4'(#
    '  ' ' 
%'''
 /";6<=--> B(<==,> &-@+.> 6<==A> 6%'<=-,>
6'(<=-,3(  4 
'  %''    % 4   
(   '  %   H   
'
'C9(
#'%
F69'(4'
   %' ' 9  4   
$ ' '' /6%'<=<13(#
'''4
9''%4'
     '   !    /;
6'<=-,>6'(<=-,3('%'
''(
#(#$'%'C%
           
#(#        4 
%'(#%48!%
  %   ( " 4  % 75"-@( 
%%N%'(#%
(         %
     %'    
44(4
N  4     4      
4'/6!63(#%'C
   6!6 %' / <=<13( ' 4   4
%'
     (  '     
9'%
%(
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X %  &L "  # %( /5 (
-=-+@+.+3(
% "( ; 6%' F( ?( /<=-+3( &4' % 9  '
<-(5"(%;F(?(6%'
/!(3 Giftedness and talent in the 21st century: Adapting to the turbulence of
globalization/(1-.3(6&%(
"(&(;6'(/<=-,3(6%''
   ! ( High Ability Studies 29/-3 A@-=+(
)KK('K-=(-=,=K-12@,-1@(<=-A(-.<1<,-
F((%(F(;"(/<==@3(Social psychology/-<(3(&(
#((/<=-+3(#')64(Frontiers in Psychology
7@1+,()KK('K-=(11,@K'(<=-+(==1+,
(/<=<-3( A systematic review of cultural orientation research with gifted samples
W%X(
(/<=<13(!9'%4
'  # '   ' W5 X( Hacettepe University
Journal of Education(
?((/<==23(4')#
'(5?(!(";F(?(6%'/!(3Conceptions of Giftedness/<(
(--@3(%'&()KK('K-=(-=-A@A,=2--+-=.22(==<
a(?( a(#(8?(;'(E(/<=<=3( '
'9)9(
Gifted Child Quarterly 64/13<=.<-,()KK('K-=(--AAK==-+@,+<<=@<1++2
 ( :( ; 8 ( F( /<=-23( Philosophy of STEM education: A critical
investigation/-(3(&'(
I(?(/<=-.3(#4C
')#     9( Journal for the Education of the
Gifted 37/-3A=,=()KK('K-=(--AAK=-+<121<-.2<-2<=
D(6(6(;6?(&(/<=-A3(6%'')#
   4 ( Frontiers in Education 2/2+3(
)KK('K-=(11,@K(<=-A(===2+
"(( F 6( ( ; 6' "( /<=-.3( Education of gifted and talented /+ (3(
&(
"b(;6(/<=--3(EV)cRRT
RC%VU(Türk Üstün Zeka ve Eğitim Dergisi 1/-3+-A+(
"' ( ; 8 ( /-@,<3( Risk and culture: An essay on the selection of
technological and environmental dangers.&(
!( ; 7'(!(/<=--3( 5$ $
)    ( Roeper Review 33/<3 ,+@+(
)KK('K-=(-=,=K=<A,1-@1(<=--(22.-2+
E(/<===3((Cross Cultural Management 71-=(
'(;D?(/<=-.3(I)9
''$(Social Psychology of
Education 17/<3<.@()KK(%(K'(9G
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#(/<=-A3(8'4'  H)   
9'(Global Education Review
4/-31...(
' (/<==.3(#'')#"#(High
Ability Studies 15/<3--@-.A()KK('K-=(-=,=K-12@,-1=.<===1-.+,<
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