More than half of the world's population relies on rice as their staple food, and rice is a very important crop for food security, especially in Asia. In Malaysia, rice, which began being cultivated through moderate-scale farming in the early 1960s, has gradually developed into an essential food crop throughout the country. However, Malaysia's rice industry is currently facing various challenges
... [Show full abstract] such as climate change, lack of arable land, increased dependence on imports due to decreased production, and lack of information and skills among farmers.