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SEBHA UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF PURE & APPLIED SCIENCES VOL.21 NO.2022
DOI: 10.51984/JOPAS.V21I2.2137
Sebha University Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences
Journal homepage: www.sebhau.edu.ly/journal/index.php/jopas
*Corresponding author:
E-mail addresses: abdelwanees.ashoor@omu.edu.ly
Article History : Received 30 September 2022 - Received in revised form 22 November 2022 - Accepted 25 November 2022
SCS-CN
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information
systems and Soil Conservation Service (SCS-CN) model
Abdelwanees A. R Ashoor
Civil Engineering Department, Omar Al-Mukhtar University,Albeida, Libya
Keywords:
Runoff
SCS-CN method
GIS
Antecedent Soil Moisture (AMC)
Wadi Derna basin
A B S T R A C T
Precipitation and runoff are the important hydrologic component in the water resources assessment.
Many methods are available to estimate surface runoff from rainfall; however, the SCS-CN method
remains the most popular and frequently used method as runoff curve number (CN) is a crucial factor of
the SCS-CN method and depends on land use/land cover (LC/LU), soil type, and antecedent soil moisture
(AMC). This approach with the geographic information system (GIS) was applied for estimating runoff
volume of Wadi Derna Basin. Soil maps were processed and classified into hydrologic soil groups
(HSG), where the dominant HSG in the study area is D. The HSG and LULC layers were intersected and
the CN values and the weighted curve number for each antecedent moisture (AMC) condition were
assigned. As a result of the model applied, the annual runoff volume for forty years during 1960–2000
AMC
GIS
SCS-CN
SCS-CN
CN
LU/LC
AMC GIS
HSG HSG D
HSGLU/LCCNAMC
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 91
in the study area was estimated by 138.51 Mm3. Furthermore, a volume flood has been estimated, based
on the flood of October 1945 and late November 1986. Those events called for average precipitation of
145 and 64.14mm respectively. The rainfall of 1945 produced a volume flood of 53.36 Mm3, which
represents 40 % of annual runoff volume, while the flood of November 1986 was 14.8 Mm3, which is in
good agreement with the recorded flood in the basin. The results demonstrated that the study area has a
high potential for flood risk. Therefore, dams of Wadi Derna basin is needed periodic maintenance.
Moreover, increasing vegetation cover is required to reduce the phenomenon of desertification.
(Soil
SCS) Conservation Service Method,
.
CN)-(SCS
CN)-(SCS
GIS[3,2,1]
4 CN-SCS
5
-SCS
CN 6
-SCS
CN GIS
CN
7
SCS8
CN -SCS GIS ,9
CN-SCS
HIDROPROJECT
[11]STOCKY
SMADA
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 92
DEM
,
,
CN-SCS
HIDROPROJECT
[11]
1
2
3
4
GIS
ArcMap 10.2.2
1
2
3
4
.
48'
o
32 34'
o
32 59´
o
´
o
765
70km
2
570 km8km
[11]
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 93
ArcGIS10.2.2
765m200m
1 The upper part
60 % 2
330km765m
500m
[11]
2 The middle part
2
140km 30km
4.5km350m
[11]
3 The lower part
2
100km200m
[11]
.
CN)-(SCS
Curve Number ) CN(
Soil
) CN-SCSConservation Service Curve Number (
Antecedent
)AMCsoil moisture condition ( AMC
(Dormant season)
(Growing season)
CN
: AMC
CN-SCS
AMC
AMC (mm)
Dormant
season
Growing
season
I
12.7
35.6
II
12.7 –27.9
35.6 –53.3
II
27.9
53.3
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 94
I-MCA
II-AMC -AMC
III
CN HSG
II-AMC
I-AMCIII-CAM
w
CN
AMC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Q= (mm)
P= (mm)
S= (mm)
V
3
mA
2
m
CN
CN 100 ) -( 0
CN
0 100 (50)
CN
CN-SCS
D) -C-B-(A
(Hydrologic Soil Groups)
A D
A D
B C
: CN -SCS
5
A
A %%
B
B%%
%%
C
.
D
D
DEM
Digital Elevation Modeling
SRTMShuttle Radar Topography Mission
NASA//
OutletArcMap 10.2.2
Spatial Analysis Tools
Flow Direction Hydrology
Flow
Accumulation
Outlet
2
570 km
:
ArcMap 10.2.2
2
km
238
km
8
km
km
m
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 95
Soil Map
1 : 1000000
Clip tExtrac
Analysis Tool
Soviet terminology iesLayer Propert
CN-SCS
:Soviet terminology
Texture
Soil components
Code
Soil Subtypes
Soil types
Silt
Clay
Sand
Clay
24.3
54.7
21
CScp
Siallitic cinnamon compact
Siallitic cinnamon soils
Clay
29.5
42
28.5
CSt
Siallitic cinnamon typical soils
Clay
22.8
58.6
18.6
Dt
Dark compact typical soils
Dark compact soils
clay loam
41
29.5
29.5
FBd
Reddish brown arid differentiated soils
Reddish brown arid soils
sandy loam
21.8
14.9
63.3
FBsd
Reddish brown arid slightly differentiated soils
Clay
28.9
51.1
20
Ft
Red ferrisiallitic typical soils
Red ferrisiallitic soils
clay loam
39.9
36.9
23.2
Fi
Red ferrisiallitic soils of a truncated profile
Loam
47.8
24
28.2
Lcs
Cinnamonic lithosoils
Lithosols
Loam
39.1
23.5
37.4
Lfb
Reddish brown lithosols
Clay
24
49.6
26.4
RZr
Red rendzinas
Rendzina
clay loam
34.3
33.3
32.4
RZ
Dark rendzinas
Loam
40.6
22.9
36.5
Sa
Automorphic solonchaks
Saline soils and Solonchaks
Landcover/Land use (LC/LU)
Land Cover
1 : 250000
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 96
Precipitation data
.
:
32.47
22.35
1960-2000
32.45
22.23
1964-1997
32.46
22.15
1960-2000
32.47
21.59
1960-2000
32.43
22.01
1965-2000
(Thiessen polygon)
(GIS)
(7)
1
P
2
P
n
P
(mm)
n
1
a
2
a
n
a )
2
(km
(mm)
145.7mm
13
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
(mm)
(1960-2000)
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 97
:
mm
mm
(Arc Map) Analysis Tools
Polygon Create Thiessen
Theissen Polygons
7
303.50 mm
64.14mm
SCS
(HSG)
B
0.16 %C30 %
D70%
D
Land Cover
(HSG)(ArcMap)
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 98
CN
(ArcMap)
)
w
CN(
3
w
CN
=81.30
I
CN
III
CN
45
CN
AMC
mm≥ 27.92 P
mm≥ 11.72 P
mm≥ 5.1 P
CN
2
km 55%
74
2
128.22 km %22.5
(C) 84, 79, 73
34.35, 31.85, 25.24
2
km5.58, 4.4%6.1,
6.4
%
:CN
Land use
HGS
CN
2
km
Rangeland
B
61
C
D
85
Rainfed Agriculture
C
79
D
84
Irrigated Agriculture
C
74
D
84
Natural Forest and
Reforestations
B
55
C
73
D
79
Bare Soil Consolidated
C
91
D
94
Urban areas
C
81
D
88
w
CN
-
81.3
SCS
2S.0≥ P S
2
=81.30
w
CN = S
mm≥ 11.72 P
mm 303.50
243mm
16138.51
145.7mm
93.61mm
53.36
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
45.00
020 40 60
Runoff (mm)
Rainfall (mm)
AMC I = 64.5
AMC II= 81.3
AMC III = 90.9
Estimation of the surface runoff depth of Wadi Derna Basin by integrating the geographic information systems and Soil… Ashoor
JOPAS Vol.21 No. 2 2022 99
89.5mm
64.14mm SCS
26.12mm14.8
13
SCS
ArcMap 10.2.2
D70%
w
CN
81.30
11.72 mm
138.51
53.36
14.8
(SCS)
7
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