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Joint Summary Report of the IAU/IUGG Working Groups on the Rotation of the Earth and the Terrestrial Reference System
Abstract
The Working Group on the Rotation of the Earth was established in 1978 and developed a programme of international collaboration to M onitor E arth- R otation and I ntercompare the T echniques of observation and analysis (MERIT). The MERIT Short Campaign was held in 1980 to test and develop the organisational arrangements required during the MERIT Main Campaign in 1983-4. The Working Group on the Terrestrial Reference System was established in 1980 to prepare a proposal for the establishment and maintenance of a new C onventional T errestrial Reference S ystem (COTES) that would be based on the new techniques of space geodesy. The Working Groups collaborated closely and organised two intensive campaigns in 1984 and 1985 that were aimed primarily at determining the relationships between the reference systems of the six different techniques that were used to determine earth-rotation parameters. Observational data were obtained from 35 countries; analyses and intercomparisons of the results were carried out in 7 countries. The Working Groups reviewed the results at the Third MERIT Workshop and recommended that a new International Earth Rotation Service be set up in 1988 and that it be based on the use of very-long-baseline radio interferometry and both satellite and lunar laser ranging.
On April 12, 2023 the vibrant and creative life of Profes-sor Ivan Istvan Mueller, geodesist, scientific book writer,educator, academician, editor, policymaker, and administrator, ceased forever at 93 years of age to the dismay of his close family, a plethora of students from multinational back-grounds, past coworkers, international colleagues, and scores of treasured friends. Thanks to him, many people he trained on the scientific skills demanded by geodetic research have superbly succeeded in their professional careers. We have decided to contribute a few words of empathy and remembrance in homage to his extraordinary unselfish commitment to education. However, this is not going to be a litany of his extensive national and international achievements inter-spaced with honors and recognitions, but ordinary reflections from the bottom of our hearts articulated by a bunch of students/researchers that mingled and worked together with him in the 1970s under the intellectual realm of an extraordinary mind that never deleted the human variable from the equations.The attached narrative amounts to a very minimal compensation for the altruistic spirit that Ivan propagated during our years at the Department of Geodetic Science of The Ohio State University. The totality of his research team is deeply grateful to have known and friendship a scholar with a clear logical vision and yet, incredibly talented in the field of geodetic science, a sophisticated branch of geophysics not very well-known to the population at large. Without any hesitation, it can be said that Ivan Mueller was one of the best international ambassadors of geodesy and a firm believer in its quantifiable importance at planetary scales.Below are recounted individual personal accolades to Ivan I. Mueller from some of us who lived the day-to-day activities with him and experienced firsthand his constant positive encouragement while, at the same time, fulfilling the dual objective of reaching scientific maturity while simultaneously improving our civic development, all with the modest aim of building a stable future. Ivan, thanks a lot for your help. Your legacy will endure!
IAU Symposium No. 82, "Time and the Earth's Rotation", met to discuss modern research in the field of the rotation of the Earth with particu lar emphasis on the role of new observational techniques in this work. The use of these techniques has prompted a new look at the definitions of the traditional reference systems and the concepts of the rotation of the Earth around its center of mass. Specific topics discussed were time, polar motion, reference systems, conventional radio interferometry, very'long baseline interferometry (VLBI), Doppler satellite methods, satellite laser ranging, lunar laser ranging, and geophysical research concerning the Earth's rotation. Improvement in the accuracy of the observations is a key to possible solutions of the many unsolved problems remaining in this field. It appears that such improvement, using both classical and new techniques, is forthcoming in the near future. This will surely contribute to a better understanding of some of the long-standing questions concerning the rotation of the Earth around its center of mass and lead to an improved knowledge of the rotating, deformable Earth. This volume contains the papers presented at IAU Symposium No. 82 as well as the discussions provoked by these papers. It is hoped that it captures the principal points of the meeting and that it will contribute not only to a better understanding of existing problems, but also to future research in time and the Earth's rotation.
A review of the techniques to be used during Project MERIT to monitor the rotation of the Earth
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Wilkins, G A (ed), 1980. A review of the techniques to be used during
Project MERIT to monitor the rotation of the Earth. Published
jointly by Royal Greenwich Observatory, Herstmonceux.UK, and
Institut fllr Angewandte Geodasie, Frankfurt, GFR.
Meetings of the MERIT Working Group
- I Mueller
Mueller, I I (ed), 1984. Meetings of the MERIT Working Group, Sopron,
Hungary, July 10-12, 1984. CSTG Bulletin No 7, 97-147.
Project MERIT standards. US Naval Observatory Circular no
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Melbourne, W, (ch), 1983. Project MERIT standards. US Naval Observatory Circular no. 167.
High-precision Earth rotation and Earth Moon dynamics: lunar distances and related observations
Calame, 0 (ed), 1982. High-precision Earth rotation and Earth Moon
dynamics: lunar distances and related observations. (Proceedings
of IAU Colloquium No 63, Grasse, France, 1981 May 22-27.) Reidel,
Dordrecht, Holland.