Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila, 2016, and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

Abstract

Far from complete, the Portuguese Lepidoptera faunal list is still unsettled as many new species are added
(and deleted) year after year. Here, 18 hitherto unknown species are added to that list. Whilst most of these
discoveries are probably just the result of an intensification of field-work in formerly less known areas of the country,
e.g. Xanthorhoe designata (Hufnagel, 1767), Xestia sexstrigata (Haworth, 1809), Apamea epomidion (Haworth, 1809),
etc., or the use of techniques such as DNA barcoding (Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila,
2016), others probably result from range expansions by allochthonous species with an invasive potential, such as the case
of Epiphyas postvittana (Walker, 1863) and likely Prays peregrina Agassiz, 2007.

Full text

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ISSN: 1989-6581
Marabuto (2022)
ARQUIVOS ENTOMOLÓXICOS, 25: 305-322
305
ARTIGO / ARTÍCULO / ARTICLE
Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila,
2016, and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal
(Insecta: Lepidoptera)
Eduardo Marabuto 1, 2, 3
1 Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany.
2 Museum of Zoology, Senckenberg Natural History Collections Dresden, Germany.
3 cE3c – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências,
Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
e-mail: eduardo.marabuto@gmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7017-8451
Abstract: Far from complete, the Portuguese Lepidoptera faunal list is still unsettled as many new species are added
(and deleted) year after year. Here, 18 hitherto unknown species are added to that list. Whilst most of these
discoveries are probably just the result of an intensification of field-work in formerly less known areas of the country,
e.g. Xanthorhoe designata (Hufnagel, 1767), Xestia sexstrigata (Haworth, 1809), Apamea epomidion (Haworth, 1809),
etc., or the use of techniques such as DNA barcoding (Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila,
2016), others probably result from range expansions by allochthonous species with an invasive potential, such as the case
of Epiphyas postvittana (Walker, 1863) and likely Prays peregrina Agassiz, 2007.
Key words: Lepidoptera, new species, distribution, Portugal.
Resumen: Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila 2016, y 17 especies de polillas nuevas
para la fauna de Portugal (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Lejos de considerarse completa, la lista faunística de los
Lepidoptera portugueses no es todavía definitiva, ya que se añaden (y eliminan) muchas nuevas especies año tras año. Se
añaden aquí 18 especies todavía desconocidas a dicha lista. Mientras que la mayoría de estos descubrimientos son
probablemente sólo el resultado de intensificar el esfuerzo de muestreo en áreas del país menos conocidas previamente,
p. ej. Xanthorhoe designata (Hufnagel, 1767), Xestia sexstrigata (Haworth, 1809), Apamea epomidion (Haworth, 1809), o
del uso de técnicas como el DNA barcoding (Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila, 2016),
otros probablemente resultan de la expansión de especies alóctonas potencialmente invasoras, como es el caso de
Epiphyas postvittana (Walker, 1863) y posiblemente Prays peregrina Agassiz, 2007.
Palabras clave: Lepidoptera, nuevas especies, distribución, Portugal.
Recibido: 5 de diciembre de 2022 Publicado on-line: 18 de diciembre de 2022
Aceptado: 13 de diciembre de 2022
Introduction
Whilst mainland Portugal is a small territory lying in the periphery of Europe, in the western tip of a
peninsula and surrounded by the Atlantic ocean on two sides, it still harbours an interesting diversity of
butterflies and moths (Maravalhas, 2003). However, a great part of it is still not properly studied, and
the country’s species list is still very prone to fluctuations given to changing concepts of what
constitutes a species, new taxonomic research and its tools, or the dynamics of people (increasing or

Marabuto (2022): Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán et al., and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal (Ins.: Lepid.)
306
decreasing field-work effort) and of species (climate-change, human-mediated transport of goods and
products and their hitch-hiking insects).
In fact, since the publication of the latest revisionary list of Portuguese Lepidoptera (Corley,
2015), which listed 2588 species, almost 200 species have been subsequently found in the country
(Marabuto, pers. obs.). Between published and still unpublished data requiring further study, we are
closely approaching 2800 species and should perhaps reach the figure of 3000 before 2030. After
field-work by the author and colleagues, it was found that the following 18 species represent hitherto
unknown species for the country.
Material and methods
Specimens were recorded either during the day through active searching or captured at mercury vapour
light over a white sheet (160W blended-bulb). Otherwise, early stages were reared in captivity after
their visual location in the field.
Identification of the majority of species was carried out through external morphology, while
others required dissection (gen. det.) or genetic analysis, which is either way indicated in these
conflicting cases. The nomenclature of families and species and order mostly follows Fauna Europaea
(Karsholt et al., 2013) and Corley (2015). The nomenclature of plant names follows Flora-On (2022).
List of families and species
PSYCHIDAE
1. Ptilocephala moncaunella (Chapman, 1903)
 Lama Grande, P.N. Montesinho, Bragança. 1350 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG8250. 19.VI.2004. Eduardo
Marabuto, Paulo Simões & Ernestino Maravalhas leg. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 1a). Gen. det.
Field-work aiming at comprehending better the Lepidoptera fauna of the NE corner of Portugal gave
rise to a publication reporting on the new finds (Marabuto & Maravalhas, 2008). However, not all was
published there, and the only collected specimen of P. moncaunella remained unidentified, because of
minor habitus mismatch from Ptilocephala monteiroi (Bourgogne, 1953) (Fig. 1b), the most likely identity
of this specimen.
The publication by Arnscheid & Weidlich (2017), prompted its final assignment to P. moncaunella
(conf. W. Arnscheid) after the more yellow thorax and proximal area of abdomen, male genitalia and
wider wings. The species had previously been listed for Portugal without justification (Sobczyk, 2011),
based on Sauter & Hättenschwiler in Karsholt & Razowski (1996) (Corley, 2015). The closely related P.
monteiroi inhabits a different ecological niche in Mediterranean-type environments and is widespread in
Portugal, at least from the Lisbon area to the extreme north of the country (Marabuto, pers. obs.;
Corley, 2015).
YPONOMEUTIDAE
2. Pseudoswammerdamia combinella (Hübner, 1786)
 Proença a Velha, Idanha-a-Nova, Castelo Branco. 340 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPE5133. 27.V.2013.
Eduardo Marabuto leg. Daytime spotting.
 Vale da Torre, Castelo Branco. 350 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPE3529. 4.IV.2020. Tita Frazão Lopes
obs. Eduardo Marabuto det. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 1c).
A widespread euriecious species in Europe but with few records in the Iberian Peninsula. Its limiting
factor is mostly the presence of suitable hostplants. Larvae are leaf-miners at first and then live on a

ARQUIVOS ENTOMOLÓXICOS, 25: 305-322
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silken web under leaves of Prunus spinosa (Agassiz, 1987), but also the closely related P. domestica
(Schütze, 1931), probably sharing distribution with Thecla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal
(Marabuto et al., 2022).
PRAYDIDAE
3. Prays peregrina Agassiz, 2007
 Estorãos, Ponte de Lima, Viana do Castelo. 30 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TNG2926. 28.IX.2021;
16.XII.2021; 17.II.2022; 07.III.2022. Ernesto Gonçalves leg., Eduardo Marabuto det. Larvae,
pupae or adults on Ruta graveolens. (Figs. 1e, f, g).
 Gemunde, Maia, Porto. MGRS: 29TNF3069. 25.X.2021. Carlos Silva obs. Adults.
 Árvore, Vila do Conde, Porto. 8 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TNF2175. 09.VII.2022. Luis P. da Silva obs.
Adult.
 Verdemilho, Aveiro. 15 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TNE2996. 23.VII.2022. Eduardo Marabuto leg. Frass
and larval exuviae on R. graveolens.
This enigmatic species was recently described from England where specimens were first but repeatedly
collected in London from 2003 to 2007 (Agassiz, 2007). Later, it has been found in SE England as well
(Agassiz & Kiddie, 2016) and in 2019 in the Canary Islands (Falck & Karsholt, 2019). Whilst its origin is
not yet precisely known, SE Asia and the Mediterranean have been suggested, because its closest
relatives are Asiatic (Agassiz, 2007) and its local host-plant was discovered to be R. chalepensis and R.
graveolens (Plant, 2016), widespread south-European species but also widely kept in gardens for their
purportedly deterrent properties against insects and misfortune (evil eye).
These records are thus the first for Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula and the European mainland,
of a species which now presents itself as provisionally an Atlanto-Mediterranean element. Its origin has
been considered as cryptogenic in López-Vaamonde et al. (2010), i.e., not known. Indeed, it is not yet
known whether the current findings in Portugal represent its hitherto undiscovered native range, or the
species is a recent colonist. A support for the latter hypothesis may come from the generalised finding
of the species in the NW of Portugal and always under an anthropogenic context, exploiting only garden
R. graveolens, even though there are other native rues widespread in Portugal. Perhaps rues are only
secondary hosts from an original different Rutaceae, like Citrus spp., as has happened with some
butterflies of the genus Papilio Linnaeus, 1758 in the Nearctic, chosing rues over native hosts (e.g.,
Ferris & Emmel, 1982).
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE
4. Digitivalva occidentella (Klimesch, 1956)
 Janes, Cascais, Lisboa, 130 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SMC6188. 27.V.2015. Eduardo Marabuto leg. At
light-trap. Gen. det. (Fig. 1d).
Digitivalva occidentella seems to be a seldom recorded West-Mediterranean species not known by many
more specimens than the type material (Klimesch, 1956). In Iberia this species is apparently known only
from Andalucía (Gaedike, 1971).
Its known host-plant, Inula conyza, is locally present in the area (Porto et al., 2020), under Pinus
halepensis light woodland.
OECOPHORIDAE
5. Epicallima mikkolai (Lvovsky, 1995)
 Semino (Vila Sol), Quarteira, Loulé, Faro. 40 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SNB8005. 11.IX.2020. Eduardo
Marabuto leg. At light-trap. (Fig. 1h).

Marabuto (2022): Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán et al., and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal (Ins.: Lepid.)
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A poorly known species, otherwise known from Tunisia (Lvovsky, 1995), SE Spain, where it was reared
from larvae collected from the palm Phoenix dactylifera (Vives Moreno, 2003), and the Canary islands in
Gran Canaria (Falck & Karsholt, 2019). A number of specimens in BiodiversidadVirtual database from SE
Iberia and currently assigned to either Epicallima sp. or E. formosella (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
are phenotypically similar to the collected specimen and should be assigned to this species if material is
available for dissection or when wing-pattern differences are properly assessed.
SCYTHRIDIDAE
6. Eretmocera medinella (Staudinger, 1859)
 EVOA, Vila Franca de Xira, Lisboa. 1 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SNC0299. VIII.2017 & 27.VIII.2019.
Pedro Henriques leg., Eduardo Marabuto det. Several specimens. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 1i).
A day-flying small moth private to salt-marshes and salt-steppes but apparently very local. It was first
described from Chiclana (Cádiz, Andalucía) by Staudinger (1859) and all Spanish records still come from
the Atlantic shores of this autonomous community (Huertas Dionisio, 2002, 2007). Otherwise, the
species has been recorded from Sicily, Cyprus, eastern Turkey, Central Asia, S. Ural, Iran, Morocco,
Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia (Walsingham, 1889; Rungs, 1967, 1979; Bengtsson, 1997; Nupponen et al.,
2000; Özbek, 2009; Barton, 2018). This species is apparently oligophagous on hallophytic
Amaranthaceae and larvae have been cited on Beta vulgaris, Salsola vermiculata, Atriplex halimus,
Atriplex patula (Huertas Dionisio, 2002, 2007), Atriplex prostrata (Huertas Dionisio, 2007), Halogeton
sativus (Rungs, 1967) and probably Atriplex semibaccata (Barton, 2018).
Current observations report to adult individuals hopping on the salt-barren fields amongst
halophytic therophytes.
TORTRICIDAE
7. Epiphyas postvittana (Walker, 1863)
 Peninha, Colares, Sintra, Lisboa. 330 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SMC5991. 20.X.2014. Eduardo Marabuto
leg. 2 specimens at light-trap. (Fig. 2a).
Chronological first Iberian record, the nearest known records in Europe lie in NW France (Cosson,
2009) and the extreme south of Spain (Gaona et al., 2020).
The light brown Apple moth is originally native to Australia but has been known in New Zealand
since 1891 (Evans, 1952) and in Great Britain since the 1930’s (Meyrick, 1937; Baker, 1968), from where
it may have colonised Ireland (Bond, 1998), France since 2000 (Cosson, 2009), while scattered records
exist from the Netherlands (Wolschrijn & Kuchlein, 2006) and Sweden (Svensson, 2009). New Caledonia
and Hawaii have also been colonised (Danthanarayana, 1975), and more recently California (Varela et al.,
2008; Brown et al., 2010) and the Azores (Vieira & Karsholt, 2010; Vieira et al., 2012; Pérez Santa-Rita
et al., 2018). After the finding reported here, it has been further recorded in the extreme south of
Spain (Cádiz) by Gaona et al. (2020), so the species may be expanding. The caterpillars are extremely
polyphagous, known to be able to feed on up to 500 plant species belonging to 363 genera in 121
different families (Suckling & Brockerhoff, 2010), and hence the species has potential economic
importance, justifying aggressive control measures such as the ones being carried out in California
(Venette et al., 2003). The spreading of the species and ulterior finding in Portugal follows the climatic
suitability of SW Europe and particularly the western coastal areas of the continent for the species,
according to ecological niche-modelling (He, 2010).
8. Lobesia limoniana (Millière, 1860)
 Ludo, Ria Formosa, Faro. 2 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SNA8997. 25.XII.2022. Eduardo Marabuto leg.
Larval spinnings on Limonium ovalifolium. (Fig. 2c). Adults reared (Fig. 2d) and gen. det.

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 Vilamoura (marina), Faro. 1 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SNB7703. 02.XII.2022. Eduardo Marabuto leg.
Larval spinnings on Limonium algarvense. Adults reared.
A species with a chiefly West-Mediterranean distribution and deeply associated with coastal salt-
marshes, where larvae feed on Limonium spp. (Plumbaginaceae). Occurs in France, including Corsica
(Millière, 1860; Kennel, 1916), Spain in Cataluña (Baixeras, 1990), Alicante (Huemer & Wieser, 2010) and
Andalucía (Huertas Dionisio, 2002, 2007, 2022), Italy, including Sicily (Karsholt & Razowski, 1996;
Razowski, 2003) and in Greece (Trematerra, 2007).
In Andalucía, it occurs in the contiguous salt-marshes to the Portuguese Algarve, in Ayamonte
(Huelva), where adults have been reported in at least two annual generations from January to April and
August to October (Huertas Dionisio, 2022). The early stages have been described by Millière (1860)
and more recently by Huertas Dionisio (2022). Larvae can be found in the flower-heads, buds and leaves
of Limonium algarvense and L. narbonense during the winter (Huertas Dionisio, 2002, 2007, 2022).
It was in L. ovalifolium that several larvae were found in spun-up shelters made out of leaves.
Upon rearing, the identity of the species was confirmed through adult morphology and dissection. The
species is very similar in all stages with Lobesia indusiana (Zeller, 1847), which is already known from
Portugal (Corley, 2015). However syntopic and ecologically similar the two species are (Razowski, 2003),
they are apparently seasonally asynchronic, feed on different Limonium spp. and can be distinguished on
some early stage details and adult wingspan (Huertas Dionisio, 2022). This represents a westward
expansion of the known distribution of the species by about 65 km.
HESPERIIDAE
9. Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila, 2016
 Bemposta (barragem), Mogadouro, Bragança. 350 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TQF1074. 19.07.2019. One
specimen. Eduardo Marabuto leg. Daytime spotting. COI barcoded. (Fig. 2b).
 Nave de Haver, Almeida, Guarda. 720 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPE8686. 22.07.2021. Several
specimens, one female ovipositing on Rosa canina. Eduardo Marabuto & Tatiana Moreira leg.
Daytime spotting.
Since Hernández-Roldán et al. (2016) revealed that Iberian populations of Spialia sertorius
(Hoffmannsegg, 1804) actually encompass a cryptic species otherwise only distinguishable on ecology,
genetics and wing chemical profiles (Spialia rosae), an interest arose on where in the Iberian geography
would this new species be present. This fostered the appearance of many new records of this new
species through mainly two methods: 1) the field-observation of ovipositing females on Rosa spp. or the
location of feeding larvae on this host-plant, or 2) the genetic analysis of a DNA fragment with
discriminant properties, like the barcode segment (5´) of mitochondrial gene COI. The species was
initially found as scattered through some Spanish mountain ranges (Sierra Nevada, La Sagra, Iberian
System, E Cantabrian range, Sierra de Guadarrama, Sierra de Gredos and near the Pyrenees) but has
since also been found in the Subbaetic ranges and Jaén (Obregón et al., 2020), eastwards to Cataluña
(Hinojosa et al., 2021) and more lowland sites in northern Iberia (Montoya Jiménez et al., 2022). Thus,
although the species was of possible occurrence in Portugal, informed searching was needed for its
location.
As such, the first located specimen was a female found hovering over a bush of Rosa micrantha,
but failing to land because of wind conditions. It was collected and barcoded for the first part (5’) of
COI mtDNA gene (protocols in Marabuto et al., 2020), and confirmed as a first record for Portugal.
The concerned specimen has a 100% match (0% p. distance) with the only haplotype found in the centre
of Spain, coloured in red in Hinojosa et al. (2021). Moreover, this first record increases the ecological
breadth of the species for its location implies the lowest confirmed altitude for the species so far (350
m a.s.l.) and under a strong continental Mediterranean environment at the bottom of the Douro river
valley. This observation greatly increases the potential distribution area of the species within the
Iberian Peninsula.

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The second confirmed record corresponds to a more traditional setting for the specimen, a
submontane hill at higher altitude (720 m a.s.l.), where small bushes of Rosa canina hosted a small
population of S. rosae, with perching males ready to take flight upon the arrival of any passing
butterfly. A female was found egg-laying on one of these roses.
These Portuguese findings considerably expand the known distribution of the species westwards
and open many possibilities for a potentially much wider range of the species in Iberia.
CRAMBIDAE
10. Titanio tarraconensis Leraut & Luquet, 1982
 Serra da Nogueira (summit), Bragança. 1300 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG7820. 16.V.2012. Eduardo
Marabuto & Tiago Magalhães leg. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 2e).
 Serra da Nogueira, Bragança. 1160 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG7723. 16.V.2012. Eduardo Marabuto &
Tiago Magalhães leg. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 2f).
A small, day-flying and apparently rare species (Nel, 2003; Fournier, 2014) with a scattered distribution
in France, Spain and Morocco (Léraut & Luquet, 1982; Slamka, 2006), where it replaces the more
widespread European Titanio normalis (Hübner, 1796). In Spain, there are at least records from
Cataluña (Pérez De-Gregorio, 2004; Ylla & Macià, 2017), Murcia (Agenjo, 1952; Garre et al., 2021),
Comunidad Valenciana (Ranz, 2021) and Andalucía (iNaturalist, 2022). In any case, all records are a long
distance from NE Portugal, which is revealing of both the remarkable biodiversity richness of Serra da
Nogueira (Maravalhas et al., 2004; Marabuto & Maravalhas, 2008) and the elusive character of this
species.
The current observation reports to the occurrence of more than five specimens seen along the
cleared roadsides, flying in daytime over short vegetation, as short flights, frequently settling on the
ground. Although the larvae are cited on Convolvulus cantabrica, this species does not occur in Portugal,
and the only locally present bindweed is C. arvensis, an already hypothesised host-plant (Chrétien,
1898).
GEOMETRIDAE
11. Apochima flabellaria (Heeger, 1838)
 Vila Real de Santo António, Faro. 5 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SPB3917. 6.I.2014. Dinis Versa Silva obs.,
Eduardo Marabuto det. Daytime spotting. (Fig. 2g).
A peri-Mediterranean species extending into central Asia, with few Iberian records limited to SW
Andalucía (Redondo et al., 2009; Müller et al., 2019; Gaona, 2020; Moreno-Benítez et al., 2020). It flies
in the winter, from November to March (Müller et al., 2019), which probably accounts for the paucity of
records. The current first Portuguese record extends the known distribution circa 200 km westwards.
12. Idaea alicantaria (Reisser, 1963)
 Castro Marim, Faro. 2 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29SPB3821. 12.VI.2020. Eduardo Marabuto leg. Daytime
spotting. Several specimens. (Fig. 2h).
Iberian endemic species with two main populations (Alicante-Almería area and in the Ebro valley) and
small, satellite ones in Ibiza (Balearic islands) and the left bank of Guadalquivir river (Cádiz) (Hausmann,
2004; Redondo et al., 2009) in thermomediterranean, halophitic environments at low altitude.
Interestingly, the species has not yet been found in the well researched coastal protected areas of the
Huelva province in Spain and this record thus represents a 100 km range extension of the species’
distribution to the west, although its presence in the country had already been hypothesized in the
original description (Reisser, 1963).

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13. Xanthorhoe designata (Hufnagel, 1767)
 Fresulfe (praia fluvial), Vinhais, Bragança. 655 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG7140. 16.V.2012. Eduardo
Marabuto & Tiago Magalhães leg. At light-trap. (Fig. 3a).
Eurosiberian forest species scarcely known in Iberia from a northern belt spanning from Galicia to the
Pyrenees (Redondo et al., 2009; Hausmann & Viidalepp, 2012), but recently more records have surfaced
from Galicia (Fernández Vidal 2011; Pino Pérez & Castro González, 2012; Fernández Vidal, 2017). In
Portugal, this exact record was cited in Hausmann & Viidalepp (2012) and Corley (2015), without any
detail having ever been published. A second Portuguese observation surfaced in the meantime, from
Castro Laboreiro (Minho), published in Corley et al. (2016).
14. Triphosa tauteli Leraut, 2008
 Fresulfe (praia fluvial), Vinhais, Bragança. 655 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG7140. 16.V.2012. Eduardo
Marabuto & Tiago Magalhães leg. At light-trap. (Fig. 3b).
With the description and further analyses on European populations of Moroccan Triphosa dyriata Powell,
1941, genitalic and genetic differences granted species-status to T. tauteli (Leraut, 2008; Hausmann &
Viidalepp, 2012), and older records of the former (e.g., Redondo et al., 2009) should be transferred to
this species. T. tauteli is known from Italy, France, northern and eastern Spain and now NE Portugal. In
Spain, nearest known localities are in the provinces of León (Manceñido-González & González-Estébanez,
2015) and Ávila (Redondo et al., 2009; Jambrina Pérez & Magro, 2013). This record was inadvertently
mentioned in Corley (2015).
NOCTUIDAE
15. Apamea epomidion (Haworth, 1809)
 Serra da Nogueira, Bragança. 1150 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG7724. 9.VI.2015. Eduardo Marabuto leg.
At light-trap. (Fig. 3c).
Eurosiberian species associated with temperate deciduous woodland with little water deficit (Zilli et al.,
2005). In Iberia, it is only known from a northern temperate belt spanning from Cataluña (Sarto i
Monteys, 1984), through Álava and Guipúzcoa (Cifuentes & Alcobendas, 2004), Palencia (Jubete, 2015),
León (Manceñido-González & González-Estébanez, 2014) to Zamora and Galicia (Jambrina et al., 2003;
Fernández Vidal, 2018) and as an isolated record in the south of the Peninsula in Sierra de Segura
(Lencina Gutiérrez & Albert Rico, 2017). Overall a scarce species with few records, the current
Portuguese record is geographically nearest to the only record in the Spanish province of Zamora
(Vilariño de Sanabria: Jambrina et al., 2003) and about 100 km south of the only Galician one in Lugo (O
Courel: Fernández Vidal, 2018).
16. Eublemma amoena (Hübner, [1803])
 Vale de Moinhos, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, Guarda. 240 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPF5847. 29.V.2013.
Eduardo Marabuto leg. At light-trap.
Xerothermophilous species known from dry Mediterranean environments between Spain and central
Asia. It is apparently widespread but local in Iberia (Calle, 1983), including in provinces bordering
Portugal such as Galicia - one observation by Silva Cruz & Gonçalves (1950) recovered in Fernández Vidal
(2012); Castilla y León (Magro & Jambrina Pérez, 2015) in Valladolid, León (González Estébanez &
Manceñido González, 2012), Ávila (Blázquez-Caselles, 2008) and Zamora (Jambrina et al., 2003);
Extremadura (Nóvoa Pérez et al., 2002) in Cáceres (Blázquez-Caselles, 2014) and Badajoz (Ortiz-García
et al., 1992). Larvae are cited as feeding on Onopordum acanthium, a thistle with a limited distribution
in NE Portugal (Clamote et al., 2020), so the species may not be found much beyond its distribution,
unless it also uses other host-plants. The species had already been cited for Portugal (Vizela, Minho) by
Silva Cruz & Wattison (1931) and Mindelo (Porto) (Monteiro, 1959), records dismissed by Corley (2008,

Marabuto (2022): Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán et al., and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal (Ins.: Lepid.)
312
2015) because no specimen was traced. Both lie outside the xerothermophilous facies of usual habitats
occupied by the species and hold no populations of the foodplant.
17. Xestia sexstrigata (Haworth, 1809)
 Salgueiros, Vinhais, Bragança. 935 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TPG6341. 18.VIII.2012. Eduardo Marabuto
& Tiago Magalhães leg. At light-trap. (Fig. 3d).
 Guadramil, Rio-de-Onor, Bragança. 715 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TQG0143. 13.VIII.2016. Eduardo
Marabuto, A.R. Gonçalves, C. Silva, T. Moreira, J. Nunes, E. Jesus, M.A. Abrunhosa, J.A.
Fernandes, T. Magalhães, G. Barros & T. Silva leg. At light-trap.
Eurosiberian temperate hygrophilic species (Fibiger, 1993), whose nearest known localities are in
southern Galicia (Pino Pérez, 2015), in upland wet meadows. As mentioned in Corley (2008) and Corley
(2015), earlier Portuguese records (Silva Cruz & Gonçalves, 1966) refer to misidentifications of Xestia
xanthographa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775).
NOLIDAE
18. Nola cucullatella (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Tourém, Montalegre, Vila Real. 860 m a.s.l. MGRS: 29TNG9139. 16.VIII.2016. Eduardo Marabuto
leg. On a lit window. Gen. det.
A West-Palaearctic species with a wide European distribution which is replaced by sister species Nola
tutulella Zerny, 1927 in the southern Atlanto-Mediterranean region, particularly in southern Iberia and
North Africa (Hacker et al., 2012). The two species have a very similar habitus and likely have been
extensively misidentified in the past and the contact zone is still not well known. In fact, most of the
Iberian knowledge of these two species still comes from Vives Moreno (1990), who while revising the
species group in the region, defined a distribution later replicated by Fibiger et al. (2009) and Hacker
et al. (2012). Accordingly, all old records of N. cucullatella from Portugal, which come from the southern
half of the country, were transferred to N. tutulella by Vives Moreno (1990). In nearby Spain, the
species is known at least from León and Burgos in Castilla y León (Magro & Jambrina Pérez, 2015), but
may be being repeatedly confused with N. tutulella in Cáceres (Blázquez Caselles, 2014).
Here, the species is reinstated as occurring in Portugal upon a worn specimen whose diagnosis
was confirmed through dissection and ecological setting of its locality. In spite of no known occurrences
in Galicia, the species is likely present in this Spanish region.
Acknowledgements
The author is most thankful to those contributing with their records for the current work: Dinis Versa
Silva, Tita Frazão Lopes, Pedro Henriques, Carlos Silva, Ernesto Gonçalves, Luís P. da Silva and the
numerous colleagues helping in the field, especially Pedro Pires and Tatiana Moreira. Furthermore,
Wilfried Arnscheid helped with the diagnosis of P. moncaunella and David Grundy helped with
bibliography.
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Fig. 1.- Habitus of new Portuguese species. a.- Ptilocephala moncaunella. b.- Ptilocephala monteiroi. c.- Pseudoswammerdamia
combinella. d.- Digitivalva occidentella. e.- Prays peregrina, adult. f.- Prays peregrina on host-plant. g.- Prays peregrina, pupae.
h.- Epicallima mikkolai. i.- Eretmocera medinella.
Photos: Eduardo Marabuto (a, b, d & h); Tita Frazão Lopes (c); Ernesto Gonçalves (e, f & g); Pedro Henriques (i).
1a
1b
1c
1d
1e
1f
1h
1i
1g

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Fig. 2.- Habitus of new Portuguese species. a.- Epiphyas postvittana. b.- Spialia rosae. c.- Lobesia limoniana, L5 larva on
Limonium ovalifolium. d.- Lobesia limoniana. e-f.- Titanio tarraconensis. g.- Apochima flabellaria. h.- Idaea alicantaria. Photos:
Eduardo Marabuto (a-f & h); Dinis Versa Silva (g).
2a
2b
2c
2d
2e
2f
2g
2h

Marabuto (2022): Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán et al., and 17 moth species new for the fauna of Portugal (Ins.: Lepid.)
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Fig. 3.- Habitus of new Portuguese species. a.- Xanthorhoe designata. b.- Triphosa tauteli. c.- Apamea epomidion. d.- Xestia
sexstrigata. All photos: Eduardo Marabuto.
3a
3b
3c
3d