© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 821
Experimental study on properties of self-curing concrete
incorporated with PEG and PVA
A. Mrs. Roopakala C. G1, B. Shivaraju G.D2, C. Mrs. Usha S.3
1 Student Final year M-tech, civil Engg Dept. Sri Siddhartha institute of technology
2Assistant Professor, Civil Engg. Dept. Sri Siddhartha institute of technology
3Assistant Professor, Civil Engg. Dept Sri Siddhartha institute of technology
Abstract -Curing of concrete is the process of
maintaining satisfactory moisture content in
concrete during its early stages in order to develop
the desired properties. However good curing is not
always practical in many cases the present study
deals with the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG)and
poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) on concrete and their
contribution to strength which are carried out. The
effect of admixtures in mechanical characteristic of
concrete i.e., compressive strength, split tensile
strength and flexural strength by varying the
percentage of PVA, PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600 from
0% to 1.5% by weight of cement is studied for M30
grade of concrete and the optimum percentage of
PEG and PVA in self curing concrete with
conventional concrete with water curing is
compared. The optimum percentage with PEG is
coated with PVA and strength analysis is done. From
the results it is analyzed that adding of PEG 600 will
give more strength compared to PEG 200, PEG 400
and PVA and it is also observed that Coating of PVA
made a very less impact in the strength of concrete.
I. INTRODUCTION
Construction industry needs a plenty of water in the
name of curing. The days are not so far that all the
construction industries has to switch over to an
alternative curing systemizes, not only to save water
for the sustainable development of the environment
but also to promote the indoor and outdoor
construction activities even in remote areas where
there is a paucity of water.
Curing is the name given to the procedures used for
promoting the hydration of the cement by creating
suitable environment, and it consists of controlling
temperature and moisture movement from and into the
concrete. Curing allows continuous hydration of
cement and consequently continuous gain in the
strength, once curing stops strength gain of the
concrete also stops. Proper moisture conditions are
critical because the hydration of the cement virtually
ceases when the relative humidity within the
capillaries drops below 80%. Proper curing of
concrete structures is important to meet performance
and durability requirements. In conventional curing
this is achieved by external curing applied after
mixing, placing and finishing.
II. OBJECTIVES
• To study the mechanical characteristic of concrete
i.e., compressive strength, split tensile strength and
flexural strength by varying the percentage of
PEG-200, PEG-400, PEG-600 from 0% to 1.5% by
weight of cement.
• To study the mechanical characteristic of concrete
i.e., compressive strength, split tensile strength and
flexural strength by varying the percentage of PVA
from 0% to 1.5% by weight of cement.
• Comprising optimum mix with conventional
concrete
• To study the mechanical characteristics of
optimum percentage of concrete coated with PVA.
III MATERIALS USED
Cement
The Ordinary Portland Cement of 53 grade
conforming to IS: 12269-2013 was used. Initial setting
time, standard consistency, specific gravity test and
fineness modulus test were performed to find the
properties of cement.
Coarse Aggregate
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 822
20 mm coarse aggregate, conforming to IS: 383 -1970
was used. The properties of coarse aggregates such as
specific gravity and water absorption were obtained.
Fine Aggregate
The fine aggregate used in the study was manufactured
sand. It was screened to eliminate over size particles.
As per IS: 383-1970, the fine aggregate conforming to
zone II was used.
Water
Potable water was used in the experimental work for
mixing.
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)
For the experimental PEG 200, PEG 400, PEG 600
was used. PEG consists of a distribution of polymers
of varying molecular weights with an average of 200,
400, 600 respectively .The appearance of PEG is clear
liquid. One common feature of PEG appears to be the
water-soluble nature.
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
Polyvinyl Alcohol is the compound of Polyethylene
Glycol. It is a water soluble synthetic soluble polymer.
Polyvinyl alcohol is an odorless and tasteless,
translucent, White color in Cristal form.
IV METHODOLOGY AND TEST
Mix proportion for M30 has been designed according
to the basic material test and designed using IS:
10262:2000 method of mix design. Casting cubes,
cylinder and beams has been casted for M30 grade in
addition to PEG200, PEG400, and PEG600 with
varying percentage of 0.5, 1 and 1.5.
Following strength tests are conducted on design
mix.
• Compressive strength test
• Tensile strength test
• Flexural strength test
The strength tests are compared with conventional
concrete.
Requirement of material per cubic meter of M30
grade concrete is given in the following table.
Grade of
concrete
Cement
Fine
aggregate
Coarse
aggregate
W/C
M 30
1.00
1.56
2.70
0.45
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
A. Compressive strength
Table 1: compression strength test results of PEG
200
Duration
PEG 200 (%)
Compressive
strength in N/mm2
7 days
0
19.2
0.5
19.7
1
20.7
1.5
19.1
14 days
0
22.1
0.5
22.4
1
23.1
1.5
22.5
28 days
0
33.4
0.5
34.7
1
35.2
1.5
33.5
Fig 1: 28days Compressive strength of the concrete
with PEG200
It is observed that There is 5.1% of increase in optimum
compressive strength compared to nominal mix
Table 2: compression strength test results of PEG 400
Duration
PEG 400 (%)
Compressive strength
in N/mm2
7 days
0
19.2
0.5
20.4
1
22.4
1.5
21.1
14 days
0
22.1
0.5
24.4
1
26.1
1.5
25.5
28 days
0
33.4
0.5
35.7
1
37.7
1.5
36.5
33.4
34.7 35.2
33.5
32
33
34
35
36
0 0.5 1%
PEG200
1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28days strength
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 823
Fig 2: 28days Compressive strength of the concrete
with PEG 400
There is 11.4% of increase in optimum compressive
strength compared to nominal mix
Table 3: compression strength test results of PEG
600
Duration
PEG 600
(%)
Compressive
strength in
N/mm2
7 days
0
19.2
0.5
22.1
1
25.2
1.5
24.5
14 days
0
22.1
0.5
25.4
1
28.1
1.5
26.5
28 days
0
33.4
0.5
37.2
1
42.7
1.5
40.2
Fig 3: 28days Compressive strength of the concrete
with PEG 600
It is observed that there is 27.8% of increase in optimum
compressive strength compared to nominal mix
B. Split tensile strength
Table 4: Split tensile strength test results of PEG
200
Fig 4: 28days Split tensile strength of the concrete
With PEG 200
It is observed that there is 20.5% of increase in optimum
Split tensile strength compared to nominal mix
Table 5: Split tensile strength test results of PEG
400
Duration
PEG 400
(%)
Split tensile
strength in
N/mm2
7 days
0
1.8
0.5
2.3
1
2.2
1.5
1.9
14 days
0
2.3
0.5
2.7
1
3.5
1.5
2.9
28 days
0
3.1
0.5
3.2
1
3.9
1.5
3.7
33.4
35.7
37.7 36.5
30
32
34
36
38
40
0 0.5 1% PEG
400
1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
33.4 37.2 42.7 40.2
0
10
20
30
40
50
0 0.5 1% PEG
600
1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
3.1
3.9 3.8 3.5
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
Duration
PEG 200
(%)
Split tensile
strength in
N/mm2
7 days
0
1.8
0.5
2.1
1
1.8
1.5
1.6
14 days
0
2.3
0.5
2.6
1
3.1
1.5
2.7
28 days
0
3.1
0.5
3.9
1
3.8
1.5
3.5
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 824
Fig 5: 28days Split tensile strength of the concrete
With PEG 400
It is observed that there is 20.5% of increase in optimum
Split tensile strength compared to nominal mix
Table 6: Split tensile strength test results of PEG
600
Duration
PEG 600
(%)
Split tensile
strength in
N/mm2
7 days
0
1.8
0.5
2.1
1
2.4
1.5
1.7
14 days
0
2.3
0.5
2.9
1
3.9
1.5
3.1
28 days
0
3.1
0.5
3.5
1
4.5
1.5
3.9
Fig 6: 28days Split tensile strength of the concrete
With PEG 600
It is observed that there is 31.1% of increase in optimum
Split tensile strength compared to nominal mix
C. Flexural strength
Table 7: Flexural strength test results of PEG 200
Duration
PEG 200
(%)
Flexural strength
in N/mm2
7 days
0
3.1
0.5
3.4
1
3.8
1.5
3.6
14 days
0
4.4
0.5
4.8
1
5.1
1.5
4.8
28 days
0
5.9
0.5
6.4
1
7.2
1.5
6.6
Fig 7: 28days Flexural strength of the concrete
With PEG 200
It is observed that there is 18.1% of increase in optimum
Flexural strength compared to nominal mix
Table 8: Flexural strength test results of PEG 400
Duration
PEG 400
(%)
Flexural strength
in N/mm2
7 days
0
3.1
0.5
4.2
1
4.4
1.5
4.1
14 days
0
4.4
0.5
4.9
1
5.9
1.5
5.1
28 days
0
5.9
0.5
7.1
3.1 3.2
3.9 3.7
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
3.1 3.5
4.5
3.9
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
5.9 6.4 7.2 6.6
0
2
4
6
8
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 825
1
7.4
1.5
7.2
Fig 8: 28days Flexural strength of the concrete with
PEG 400
It is observed that there is 20.2% of increase in optimum
Flexural strength compared to nominal mix
Table 9: Flexural strength test results of PEG 600
Duration
PEG 600
(%)
Flexural strength
in N/mm2
7 days
0
3.1
0.5
4.4
1
5.1
1.5
4.8
14 days
0
4.4
0.5
5.9
1
6.9
1.5
5.5
28 days
0
5.9
0.5
7.4
1
8.6
1.5
8.2
Fig 9: 28days Flexural strength of the concrete with
PEG 600
It is observed that there is 31.3% of increase in optimum
Flexural strength compared to nominal mix
D. Coating of PVA results for optimum percentage of
PEG and to conventional concrete
I. Compressive strength
Table 10: Compressive strength test results of PEG
600 and PVA
Duration
PEG 600 and PVA
(%)
Compressive
strength in N/mm2
7 days
0
19.2
0% PEG+1% PVA
19.3
1% PEG
25.2
1% PEG+1% PVA
25.1
14 days
0
22.1
0% PEG+1% PVA
23.2
1% PEG
24.5
1% PEG+1% PVA
23.4
28 days
0
33.4
0% PEG+1% PVA
33.6
1% PEG
42.7
1% PEG+1% PVA
41.1
Fig 10: 28days Compressive strength of the concrete
in addition of PEG-600 and PVA
II. Split tensile strength
Table 11: Split tensile strength test results of PEG
600 and PVA
Duration
PEG 600 and PVA
(%)
Split tensile
strength in N/mm2
7 days
0
1.8
0% PEG+1% PVA
1.81
1% PEG
2.4
1% PEG+1% PVA
2.3
14 days
0
2.3
5.9
7.1 7.4 7.2
0
2
4
6
8
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
5.9
7.4 8.6 8.2
0
2
4
6
8
10
0 0.5 1 1.5
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
33.4 33.6 42.7 41.1
0
10
20
30
40
50
00%
PEG+1%
PVA
11%
PEG+1%
PVA
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG and coating PVA
28 days strength
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 826
0% PEG+1% PVA
2.4
1% PEG
3.1
1% PEG+1% PVA
2.9
28 days
0
3.1
0% PEG+1% PVA
3.2
1% PEG
4.5
1% PEG+1% PVA
4.1
Fig 11: 28days Split tensile strength of the concrete in
addition of PEG-600 and PVA
III. Flexural strength
Table 12: Flexural strength test results of PEG 600
and PVA
Duration
PEG 600 and PVA
(%)
Flexural strength in
N/mm2
7 days
7 days
3.1
0% PEG+1% PVA
3.3
1% PEG
5.1
1% PEG+1% PVA
4.9
14 days
0
4.4
0% PEG+1% PVA
4.1
1% PEG
5.9
1% PEG+1% PVA
4.3
28 days
0
5.9
0% PEG+1% PVA
5.7
1% PEG
8.6
1% PEG+1% PVA
8.2
Fig 12: 28days Flexural strength of the concrete in
addition of PEG-600 and PVA
E. Comparison of optimum strength of PEG-200,
PEG-400 and PEG-600
Fig: 13 Comparison of optimum compressive
strength of concrete in addition of PEG and PVA
3.1 3.2
4.5 4.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
00%
PEG+1%
PVA
11%
PEG+1%
PVA
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
5.9 5.7
8.6 8.2
0
2
4
6
8
10
00%
PEG+1%
PVA
11%
PEG+1%
PVA
Strength in N/mm2
% of PEG
28 days strength
0 0.5 1 1.5
PEG200 33.4 34.7 35.2 33.5
PEG400 33.4 35.7 37.7 36.5
PEG600 33.4 37.2 42.7 40.2
PVA 33.4 34.2 35.2 29.5
33.4 34.7
35.2
33.5
33.4
35.7
37.7 36.5
33.4
37.2
42.7 40.2
33.4
34.2
35.2
29.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Compressive strength
PEG200 PEG400
PEG600 PVA
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 827
Fig: 14Comparison of optimum split tensile strength
of concrete in addition of PEG and PVA
Fig: 15Comparison of optimum split tensile strength
of concrete in addition of PEG and PVA
VII.
C
ONCLUSION
1. It is found that PEG 600 gives the highest
compressive strength, split tensile strength,
flexural strength compared to PEG200 and PEG
400
2. From compressive strength, splitting tensile
strength and flexural strength test results, it was
found that self curing concrete has more strength
results than that was found in water cured concrete.
3. Self cured concrete showed better hydration even
under drying condition compared to conventional
concrete.
4. Increase in percentage of self curing agent resulted
in decrease in strength properties of concrete.
5. Cement content and w/c ratio affects the
performance of self curing agent to a large extent.
6. 1% by weight of cement was found to be the
optimum dosage of self curing agents.
7. Coating of PVA to the conventional concrete and
optimum percentage of PEG, i.e. PEG600 did not
give the high strength.
8. PVA coating increase the strength very slightly
LIMITATIONS
1. Variation in temperature from 24°C to 41°C during
the experimental study resulted in variation of strength
results than that was expected.
2. As the percentage of PEG increased, mix showed
tendency of bleeding and in case of PVA the increase
in percentage resulted in stiff and hard mixture.
R
EFERENCES
[1] Basil M Joseph, “Studies on Properties Of Self-
Curing Concrete Using PolyEthylene Glycol”
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil
Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-
ISSN: 2320-334
[2] Sumayyath M M1, Jerry Anto2. “Experimental
Study on Strength Properties of Self Curing
Concrete by Using Polyethylene Glycol as Self
Curing Agent”, International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:
2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 10 | Oct -2016
[3] Daliya Joseph1, “Effect of Self Curing Agents on
Mechanical Properties of Concrete”, International
Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 5 Issue 09,
September-2016
[4] Snehal Bhosale1,” Experimental Characterization
of Strength of Self Curing Concrete”, IJARIIE-
ISSN(O)-2395-4396 Vol-2 Issue-4 2016
[5] B. Ajitha (2017,”Selfcuring concrete properties
investigation”, Volume 29, -ISSN: 2395-0052
0 0.5 1 1.5
PEG200 3.1 3.9 3.8 3.5
PEG400 3.1 3.2 3.9 3.7
PEG600 3.1 3.5 4.5 3.9
PVA 3.1 3.2 3.5 2.9
3.1
3.9
3.8
3.5
3.1 3.2 3.9 3.7
3.1 3.5
4.5
3.9
3.1 3.2 3.5
2.9
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Split tensile strength
PEG200 PEG400
PEG600 PVA
0 0.5 1 1.5
PEG200 5.9 6.4 7.2 6.6
PEG400 5.9 7.1 7.4 7.2
PEG600 5.9 7.4 8.6 8.2
PVA 5.9 6.1 6.5 5.1
5.9
6.4 7.2
6.6
5.9 7.1 7.4
7.2
5.9
7.4
8.6 8.2
5.9 6.1 6.5
5.1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Flexural strength
PEG200 PEG400
PEG600 PVA
© September 2021 | IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 4 | ISSN: 2349-6002
IJIRT 152881 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN TECHNOLOGY 828
[6] Dr. U. B. Choubey,” A Study On Properties Of
Self-Curing Concrete Using Polyethylene
Glycol-400”, International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:
2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2017 p-
ISSN: 2395-0072
[7] K V S Gopalakrishnasastry, “Self-curing concrete
with different self-curing agents”, IOP Conf.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 330
(2018) 012120 doi:10.1088/1757-
899X/330/1/012120
[8] K.Nithya, “Investigation on Self Curing
Concrete” , IJIRE Volume 12, June 2107
[9] K V S Gopalakrishnasastry, “Self-curing concrete
with different self-curing agents”, IOP Conf.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 330
(2018) 012120 doi:10.1088/1757-
899X/330/1/012120
[10] SagarJamle “Use of Polyethylene Glycol as Self
Curing Agent in Self Curing Concrete - An
Experimental Approach” , November 2018
[11] K. Sumangala, M. BanuSulochana”A Review
on Self Curing Concrete” review Papers ,Civil
Engineering ,Volume 8 Issue 1, January 2019
[12] VaseemAkram.N(2018) “Experimental Study
Of Self-Curing Concrete Engineering Science &
Technology” Journal Volume 2, Issue 1, P. 1-19,
March, 2020.
[13] Patel ManishkumarDahyabhai ,” Review on -
Self-Curing Concrete” Volume 8 Issue 1,
January 2019
[14] Selvendiran, “Self-curing of concrete using
Polyethylene Glycol 400 and Sanal fiber”
international Research Journal of Engineering
and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 03 | Mar 2020 www.irjet.net
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
[15] ShahzebKhuwaja “Early-Stage Performance of
Self-Curing Concrete Using Poly Vinyl
Alcohol” International Research Journal of
Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:
2395-0056 Volume: 08 Issue: 02 | Feb 2021
www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
[16] IS: 12269-1987 Specifications for 53-Grade
Portland cement (New Delhi: Bureau of Indian
Standards)
[17] IS: 383-1970 Specification for course and fine
aggregates from natural sources for Concrete
(New Delhi: Bureau of Indian Standards)
[18] IS: 10262-2009 recommended guidelines for
concrete mix design (New Delhi: Bureau of
Indian Standards)
[19] IS: 516:1959 Methods of tests for strength of
concrete (New Delhi: Bureau of Indian
Standards)
[20] IS 456 Plain and Reinforced concrete code of
practice.
