3D SEISMIC NETWORK IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT

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INSTITUTE OF FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOLOGICAL
RESEARCH
AND COMMITTEE ON
MECHANICS
POLISH ACADEMY OF
SCIENCES
7th European Conference on Structural
Control
Book of Abstracts
and
Selected Papers
Editors:
Jan
Holnicki-Szulc,
David
Wagg and
Łukasz
Jankowski
Co-editors:
Bartłomiej
Błachowski and
Piotr Tauzowski
WARSAW
2022

INSTITUTE OF FUNDAMENTAL TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH
AND COMMITTEE ON MECHANICS
POLISH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
7th European Conference on Structural Control
Book of Abstracts
and Selected Papers
Editors:
Jan Holnicki-Szulc
David Wagg
Łukasz Jankowski
Co-editors:
Bartłomiej Błachowski
Piotr Tauzowski
WARSZAWA 2022

© Copyright by Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences
Warszawa 2022
ISBN 978-83-65550-37-8
The selection and presentation of material and the opinion expressed in this publication are the sole
responsibility of the authors concerned.
No responsibility is assumed by the Publishers for any injury and/or damage to persons or property
as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any
method, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.
Institute of Fundamental Technological Research PAN
02-106 Warszawa, ul. Pawińskiego 5B
www.ippt.pan.pl
Committee on Mechanics, Polish Academy of Sciences
02-106 Warszawa, ul. Pawińskiego 5B
kmech.pan.pl
2

3D SEISMIC NETWORK IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
A. Bogdanovic1, Z. Rakicevic1, J. Bojadzieva1, V. Sheshov1, K. Edip1A. Poposka1, F.
Manojlovski1, A. Shoklarovski1, I. Markovski1, D. Filipovski1and N. Naumovski1
1Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje-UKIM, Institute of Earthquake Engineering and
Engineering Seismology, Skopje-IZIIS, N. Macedonia
e-mail: saska@iziis.ukim.edu.mk
1. Introduction
Continuous safe and low-cost operation of structures extensively depends on their proper maintenance and
management. To apply optimal management strategies for the existing structures, accurate assessment of
their present and future safety is important and crucial. In order to study local site effect on the modification
of strong ground motions and dynamic response of structural systems a three-dimensional seismic network at
Ohrid Lake basin is developed in the 80’s (Petrovski et al., 1995) with support from USGS (United States
Geological Survey). This 3d strong motion array is consisted of three free field sites (Fig. 1) with one surface
and three downhole instruments each, up to 125 meters to the bedrock; one nine story building site with two
instruments on the building, 4 instruments at the foundation level and one outcropping rock site with one
instrument (location Tower). The characteristics of the instruments at the locations are presented in Figure 2
and Table 1.
Figure 1. 3-dimensional seismic network in Ohrid
Table 1. Specification of the instruments at the 3d Ohrid seismic network
Location – 1- Tower
In situ laboratory
Location - 2
Location - 3
Location - 4
Site type
Instrumented building
Free field
Free field
Rock -outcrop
Instruments at building
structure
2 (6th and 9th story)
Instruments at foundation
structure
4
Instruments at soil surface
1
1
1
1
Instruments in soil profile
2 (13.0m, 22.9m)
2 (9.5m, 22m)
2 (9.0m, 21.5m)
Instruments at bedrock
1
1
1
1
Total number of instruments
10
4
4
1
2. General information of the system and software
During planning and installation of the Ohrid Lake Seismic network in late 70's entire network was
composed of most successful instruments produced by Kinemetrics Inc., Pasadena, California. In the time
period between 2020-2021 extensive revitalizations process has begun replacing analogue to digital
7th European Conference on Structural Control Warsaw, July 10-13, 2022
72

Figure 2. Instrumentation at the location Tower; The building structure; Small house for instrumentation for
real time recordings; Software
conversion device which enables recording of real time earthquake events and thus structural and health
monitoring system at the Location Tower. The behaviour of the structure is monitored in serviceability
conditions, during and after seismic effects (if any during the considered period). The recorded data is
analysed by different methodologies for system identification for the purpose of obtaining necessary data on
the structure and its performances. Processing of the acquisitioned data is done by mathematical and
software solutions and methodologies developed at UKIM-IZIIS. The monitoring software is developed in
LabView. The software allows defining a limit level (trigger) for each measuring channel individually. The
trigger can be in terms of acceleration or displacement level. After exceeding this level, the software creates
a record in TMDS format which can then be further analyzed or processed in other data processing and
analysis software. In the background, the software constantly performs a basic analysis of the measured data
and based on previously determined parameters displays the condition of the structure, expressed by a traffic
light indicator (green - the construction is OK, yellow - caution and additional checks are needed, red - the
construction is not safe. From March 2021 three more significant earthquake events has proven the
functionality of the installed instruments and provided important data for further investigation at the location
including numerical model verifications and analysis.
Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the financial support of UKIM-IZIIS
4. References
[1] Petrovski J. et al.(1995). Characteristics of earthquake ground motions obtained on the Ohrid lake three dimensional
strong motion array in the Republic of Macedonia.10th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Duma (ed.)
© 1995 Balkema, Rotterdam, ISBN 90 5410 528 3.
[2] Aydin E.,Öztürk B., Noroozinejad Farsangi E, Bogdanovic A., Dutkiewicz M. (2020) New Trends and
Developments on Structural Control & Health Monitoring, Front. Built Environ., 29 April 2020 |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2020.00053 (2020), (available online)
[4] Ehsan Noroozinejad Farsangi, Aleksandra Bogdanovic, Zoran Rakicevic, Angela Poposka and Marta Stojmanovska,
Ambient Vibration Testing and Field Investigations of Two Historical Buildings in Europe, Structural Durability &
Health Monitoring, Vol.14, No.4, 2020, pp.283-301, Tech Science Press DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2020.010564
[5] Julijana Bojadjieva, Vlatko Sheshov, Kemal Edip, Jordanka Chaneva, Toni Kitanovski, Dejan Ivanovski (2019).
“GIS based assessment of liquefaction potential for selected earthquake scenario”. Earthquake geotechnical engineering
for protection and development of environment and constructions. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference of
earthquake geotechnical engineering. 7th ICEGE, Rome, Italy, 17-20th, June, 2019.
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