Application of Problem-Based Learning Model at The State of 2 Majene First Middle School

Abstract

This study presents the application of a problem-based learning model at the State Junior High School 2 Majene. This study aims to describe the methods used by teachers in the application of problembased learning models. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques used with interviews and documentation. Problem-based learning is a learning approach by developing critical thinking skills and problem-solving skills and is used to stimulate students’ higher-order thinking. Problem-based learning makes real problems as suggestions for the learning process before knowing the formal concepts. In the application of learning in SMP Negeri 2 Majene seen in 3 aspects, namely; characteristic aspects, aspects of the nature of the strategy and aspects of the stages in the strategy. These aspects illustrate that the implementation of problem-based learning strategies in SMP Negeri 2 Majene has been going well.

Full text

Application of Problem-Based Learning Model at The State of 2
Majene First Middle School
Bahri1*, St. Junaeda2, Misnah3, Rahmatullah4, Asmunandar5, Andi Dewi Riang Tati6, Jumardi,7 Sitti Jauhar8, Syamsu A
Kamaruddin9
15Departement of History Education, Faculty of Social Science Education and Law, Universitas Negeri Makassar
2Departement of Antropology Education, Faculty of Social Science Education and Law, Universitas Negeri Makassar
3Departement of History, Faculity of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Tadulako
4Department Of Economics Education, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Negeri Makassar
6Elementary School Education Education Study Programs, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar
7Departement of History Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, UHAMKA
8Elementary School Education Education Study Programs, Faculty of Education, Universitas Negeri Makassar
9Postgraduate in Sociology, Universitas Negeri Makassar
Abstract. This study presents the application of a problem-based learning model at the State Junior High
School 2 Majene. This study aims to describe the methods used by teachers in the application of problem-
based learning models. This study uses a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques used with
interviews and documentation. Problem-based learning is a learning approach by developing critical
thinking skills and problem-solving skills and is used to stimulate students' higher-order thinking. Problem-
based learning makes real problems as suggestions for the learning process before knowing the formal
concepts. In the application of learning in SMP Negeri 2 Majene seen in 3 aspects, namely; characteristic
aspects, aspects of the nature of the strategy and aspects of the stages in the strategy. These aspects
illustrate that the implementation of problem-based learning strategies in SMP Negeri 2 Majene has been
going well.
Keywords: Problem-Based Learning, State Of 2 Majene First Middle School
1 Introduction
In the implementation of the problem- based
learning model, students' understanding is obtained
through interaction with problems and learning [1].
Students who are involved in the process of
investigating problems stimulate the development of
cognitive abilities because students' knowledge develops
through discussion and evaluation of thinking through a
collaborative process [2][3]. Problem-based learning
model is a learner- centered learning that is concern on
the learning process of students and what they do and
achieve [4].
Teachers are expected to emphasize low-level
thinking skills to learning higher- order thinking or
critical thinking skills [5].
The learning process that tends to be teacher
learning does not run well and is active. The learning
method does not pay attention to the metacognitive
abilities of students. Aspects of metacognition receive
less attention by teachers and the current trend of
learning is to assess results not on the learning process
[6].
* Corresponding author ; bahri@unm.ac.id
Problem-based learning helps teachers to
demonstrate and clarify ways of thinking and the
richness of the cognitive structures and processes
involved in them. Problem- based learning optimizes
goals, needs, motivations that direct a learning process
that accommodates problem solving cognition. The
problem given must be meaningful and relevant. From
the explanation of some of these thoughts, it can be
deduced that in implementing problem- based learning
strategies, teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Majene need to
choose learning materials that have problems that can be
solved. The application of problem-based learning
strategies at SMP Negeri 2 Majene is expected to
prioritize the state of the learning process where the
teacher is tasked with assisting students in achieving
independence in solving problems faced by students in
learning.
2 Research Method
This research is quantitative research. The data
collection technique uses an indirect observation
https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214901008
, 01008 (2022)SHS Web of Conferences 149
ICSS 2022
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License 4.0
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

technique with a questionnaire on the application of
problem-based learning strategies. Direct
communication using an interview guide.
3 Results and Discussion
One solution in increase the quality of education is to
change conventional learning methods to innovative
learning, one of which is the application of problem-
based learning models. So far, teachers have paid less
attention to aspects of the ability of students to solve
cases originating from learning themes. Likewise with
aspects outside of academics that have a negative impact
on life, for example, students consume illegal drugs
because they are unable to solve the problems they face
[7]. Problem-based learning offers freedom in learning,
students are hopefully to be indulging in a research
activity that need them to know problems, collect data,
and use data for problem solving [8].
Problem-based learning is an attempt to establish a
process of understanding this a subject in the entire
curriculum [9]. To implement a problem-based learning
model, teachers need to choose learning materials that
have problems that can be solved [10]. Problem-based
learning strategies are a series of learning activities that
emphasize the process of solving scientific problems
[11].
At SMP Negeri 2 Mejene there is still a gap between
the real situation and the expected conditions. In the
learning process, the material is only limited to material
sourced from books, not based on contextual events in
accordance with the applicable curriculum. While in
problem-based learning strategies can be through group
activities, namely; 1) identifying the problem, 2)
diagnosing the problem, 3) formulating alternative
solutions, 4) determining and determining the strategy
of choice and 5) evaluating [12]
The objectives of the training in the application of
problem-based learning strategies in SMP Negeri 2
Majene are as follows; 1) the teacher's inability to guide
students in finding gaps in everyday life. 2) Teachers are
not able to formulate subject matter in the form of topics
as a solution in solving a problem for students, 3)
teachers are not able to formulate hypotheses as a
scientific thinking process which is a combination of
deductive thinking, so they cannot create students who
can determine the cause as a result of the problem to be
solved, 4) the teacher can create students who are able
to collect relevant data, select and map and present it
from a variety of views that are easy to understand, 5)
the teacher can create students who can examine the data
as well as discuss it to see the relationship that exists.
will be studied, so that students can draw conclusions,
6) teachers can create students who can choose problem
solving options. The stages of learning with problem-
based learning strategies at SMP Negeri 2 Majene are
as follows:
Tabel 1. The stages of learning with problem-based learning
strategies
Stage 1:
Organizing students
to
problems
The teacher informs the
learning objectives, describes
important logistical needs, and
motivates students to involves
in problem- solving activities
of
their
own
choosing.
Stage 2: organize
students to learn
The teacher helps students
specify and
manage learning duty related
to the problem
Stage 3: assist with
independent and group
investigations
The teacher pushed students to
garnered appropriate
information, carry out
experiments, seek
explanations, and
solutions
Stage 4: developing,
presenting the
works and
The teacher helps students
in planning
and preparing appropriate
works such
Adapted from Trianto [13] [14]
From the description it is concluded that the problem-
based learning model is a model that begins with group
activities with case reading activities, determining the
most relevant problems with learning objectives,
formulating problems, making hypotheses, identifying
sources of information, discussion and division of tasks,
reporting, discussing solutions. problem. The main
factor in implementing problem-based learning is the
formulation of existing problems and placing the
problem as a key in the learning process.
Teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Majene can apply
problem-based learning models, when they intend to
develop students' rational thinking skills, namely the
ability to analyze situations, apply knowledge so that
students not only remember the subject matter but also
increase students' intellectual and inquiry growth [15].
Researchers distributed a questionnaire containing
20 questions related to the implementation of learning
strategies by teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Majenen. These
questions are divided into 3 aspects of the problem
learning strategy. From the results of data collection, it
was found that; (1) the characteristic aspect of problem-
based learning is 86.81%, (2) the nature aspect of
problem-based learning strategy is 93.62%,
(3) the stage aspect in problem-based learning
strategy is 91.32%. From these results, it is concluded
that the percentage of implementation of learning
strategies based at SMP Negeri 2 Majene is in the very
good category with a score of 90.58.
These results indicate that teachers at SMP Negeri 2
Majene have implemented a problem-based learning
model well based on aspects and indicators. Basically,
the application of the right strategy affects the
understanding of students' learning materials. In
addition to increasing motivation, interesting strategies
can also increase the effectiveness of the learning
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, 01008 (2022)SHS Web of Conferences 149
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4 Conclusion
At SMP Negeri 2 Mejene there is still a gap between the
real situation and the expected conditions. In the
learning process, the material is only limited to material
sourced from books, not based on contextual events in
accordance with the applicable curriculum. In the
application of learning in SMP Negeri 2 Majene seen in
3 aspects, namely; characteristic aspects, aspects of the
nature of the strategy and aspects of the stages in the
strategy. These aspects illustrate that the
implementation of problem-based learning strategies in
SMP Negeri 2 Majene has been going well. These
results indicate that teachers at SMP Negeri 2 Majene
have implemented problem-based learning strategies
well based on aspects and indicators. Basically, the
application of the right strategy affects the
understanding of students' learning materials.
Acknowledgment
The author would like to thank all the informants who
provide assistance and information during the research
held. The same was conveyed to the Dean Faculty of
Social Sciences which has provided financial support
for this research.
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