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Child Marriage
in India:
A Research Study
Child Rights and You
New Delhi, India
2021
Copyright
@ 2021 Child Rights and You (CRY)
Address:
Telephone: +91 9115 9115 00
Cita�on:
Designed by:
Child Marriage
in India:
A Research Study
Child Rights and You
New Delhi, India
2021
Study team
DevInsights Pvt Ltd
Paresh Kumar
Rashi Goel
Jithu Paulson
Child Rights and You
Varun Sharma
Ragini Pant
Shreya Ghosh
Foreword
i
Puja Marwaha,
ii
iii
Acknowledgements
CRY – Child Rights and You
iv
Table of Contents
FOREWORD i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iii
TABLE OF CONTENT iv-v
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES vi-viii
ABBREVIATIONS ix
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY x-xvi
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1-16
i
dy State
Chapter 2 : METHODOLOGY AND STUDY DESIGN 17-22
Chapter 3 : SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS 23-31
v
Chapter 4 : ROLE OF COMMUNITY NORMS 32-41
Chapter 5 : IMPACT OF CHILD MARRIAGE 42-53
Chapter 6 : SYSTEMIC RESPONSE AND GAPS OR CONVERGENCE BETWEEN 52-82
Chapter 7: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 83-94
Annexures 92-94
Bibliography 95-103
vi
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vii
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viii
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Table 72 : arees and g
Table 73 : mes regard
ix
AICTE
AP
ANC
ASHA
AWW
BPL
CBSE
CMPO
COVID-19
CRC
CWC
DNA
DCPU
FGD
HH
IDI
IPC
MLA
MLC
MP
NEP
NFHS
NGO
OBC
PCMA
POCSO
PPS
PRI
PWDVA
SC
SDG
SI
SLI
ST
ToT
UP
VCPC
x
Background
xi
Methodology
Key Findings
•
marriage:
•
• Child
•
•
•
xii
•
pregnancy:
•
•
•
•
•
provisions:
xiii
•
incidences:
•
they are unaware of them:
•
•
cases:
Scope of synergy between community and government systems
xiv
•
•
• Increase access to schools for girls:
• Use SHGs as a catalyst to combat child marriage:
•
•
xv
• Device mechanism to protect witnesses and informants of child marriage:
•
•
friendly and age-appropriate IEC material:
• Strengthen discussions around SRH at village level:
• Create Central Guidelines for Child Marriage:
xvi
Way forward
INTRODUCTION
2
`tradional pracces prejudicial to the health of children’
1.1. Global scenario
3
Table 1: Prevalence of child marriage across the world
Region Female Male
Married by 15 Married by 18 Married by 18
Source:
Note:
4
1.2. Indian scenario
1.3. Key drivers/determinants of child marriage
1.3.1. Financial constraints
5
6
7
1.3.7. Other factors
1.4. Impact of child marriage
8
9
15 :
16 :
17 :
18 :
19 :
20 :
10
Muslim Personal Law Act, 193722 :
POCSO Act, 201222 :
Minority Guardianship Act, 1956:
23 :
11
24 :
25 :
26 :
27 :
12
13
1.8. Context to study states
Study district – Chioor
14
15
Study district – Chandauli
1.8.3. Odisha
Study district - Kandhamal
1.8.4. Maharashtra
Study district - Parbhani
16
METHODOLOGY
AND STUDY
DESIGN
18
2.1. Study respondents
2.2. Sampling design
Table 2: Type of respondents
Focus Group Discussio
Methodology and Study Design
19
2.2.1.2. Qualitave Sample
2.3.1.1. Selecon of villages
State Key Indicator Sample of child
brides /grooms
Sample of
parents
Total
Respondents
%
Total
900
900
1,800
100%
20
2.3.1.2. Selecon of households (lisng exercise)
2.4. Sample coverage
Table 4: Actual Sample interviewed
State Sample of child
brides /grooms
Sample of
parents
Total
Respondents
%
Total
969
969
1,938
100%
21
2.5. Data management and analysis
Respondent Groups Research Tool AP UP Odisha Maharashtra
22
SOCIO-ECONOMIC
PROFILE OF THE
RESPONDENTS
24
Andhra Pradesh Odisha Maharashtra Total
N N N N N
Total 246 246 193 284 969
Total 246 246 193 284 969
Gender of the parent/parent-in-law
Religion
25
Table 7: Gender-wise sample of child bride/groom
Andhra Pradesh Odisha Maharashtra Total
N N N N N
Total 246 246 193 284 969
Social Category
Andhra Pradesh Odisha Maharashtra Total
N N N N N
Total 246 246 193 284 969
Andhra Pradesh Odisha Maharashtra Total
N N N N N
Total 246 246 193 284 969
26