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A 12-element 360° azimuth plane scanning circular antenna array for THz wireless devices

Authors:
Anveshkumar Nella at VIT Bhopal University
Anveshkumar Nella
  • VIT Bhopal University
Anitha Vulugundam at VIT Bhopal University
Anitha Vulugundam
  • VIT Bhopal University
Sumathi Kumarasamy
Sumathi Kumarasamy
Sumathi Kumarasamy
  • This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.
Sandeep kiran Vattiprolu at Andhra University
Sandeep kiran Vattiprolu
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Abstract and Figures

This work presents a 12-element 360° azimuth plane scanning planar circular antenna array for compact THz wireless devices. Proposed array comprises of 12 bow-tie Yagi-Uda directional antennas, operating within 0.235–0.322 THz band where each antenna achieves a maximum radiation beam for an angle of around 30°, arranged in a circular fashion to cover 360°. Individual antennas are stamped on a silicon dioxide (SiO2) dielectric substrate having compact dimensions of 1.35 mm × 1 mm × 0.06 mm and employ gold material of thickness 5 µm as a conducting material in the top and bottom planes. Maximum peak gain of each antenna is found to be 10.4 dBi at 0.322 THz within the operating band. Three parasitic elements are employed as directors to enhance the directional properties. Initially, a single element bow-tie Yagi-Uda antenna design is presented and then followed by a 6-element and 12-element circular antenna array design. Exhibiting compact dimensions, higher directivity, better performance and simple design lead to a suitable module for smart THz wireless scanning devices in the range of IEEE 802.15.3d (0.252–0.325 THz) standard and H-band (0.22–0.32 THz).
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A 12-element 360
°
azimuth plane scanning circular antenna array
for THz wireless devices
Anveshkumar Nella
1
•Anitha Vulugundam
2
•Sumathi Kumarasamy
3
•Sandeep Kiran Vattiprolu
4
Accepted: 31 October 2022 / Published online: 15 November 2022
ÓThe Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022
Abstract
This work presents a 12-element 360°azimuth plane scanning planar circular antenna array for compact THz wireless
devices. Proposed array comprises of 12 bow-tie Yagi-Uda directional antennas, operating within 0.235–0.322 THz band
where each antenna achieves a maximum radiation beam for an angle of around 30°, arranged in a circular fashion to cover
360°. Individual antennas are stamped on a silicon dioxide (SiO
2
) dielectric substrate having compact dimensions of
1.35 mm 91mm90.06 mm and employ gold material of thickness 5 lm as a conducting material in the top and bottom
planes. Maximum peak gain of each antenna is found to be 10.4 dBi at 0.322 THz within the operating band. Three
parasitic elements are employed as directors to enhance the directional properties. Initially, a single element bow-tie Yagi-
Uda antenna design is presented and then followed by a 6-element and 12-element circular antenna array design.
Exhibiting compact dimensions, higher directivity, better performance and simple design lead to a suitable module for
smart THz wireless scanning devices in the range of IEEE 802.15.3d (0.252–0.325 THz) standard and H-band
(0.22–0.32 THz).
Keywords Azimuth plane Bow-tie Yagi-Uda antenna Circular array High directional Scanning THz wireless devices
1 Introduction
Terahertz (THz) technology was until very recently just an
exotic and largely unknown field at the gap between high
frequency millimeter waves and long wavelength infrared.
Terahertz (THz) radiation, also called as T-Rays refers to
the region of the electromagnetic spectrum between
100 GHz and 30 THz (wavelengths of 3 mm to about
1lm), which have a few remarkable properties. Similar to
the infrared and microwave radiation, terahertz radiation
travels in a line of sight and is non-ionizing. In analogous
with microwave radiation, terahertz radiation can penetrate
a wide variety of non-conducting materials. Terahertz
radiation can pass through clothing, paper, cardboard,
wood, masonry, plastic and ceramics. The penetration
depth is typically less than that of microwave radiation.
Terahertz radiation has limited penetration through fog and
clouds. It cannot penetrate liquid water or metal. Many
common materials and living tissues are semi-transparent
and have ‘terahertz finger prints’, permitting them to be
imaged, identified and analyzed. Due to non-ionizing
properties of terahertz radiations they are safe for screening
application and also due to the availability of commercial
terahertz radiation sources these unique features of radia-
tions are currently being used [1].
Terahertz transmission is a possible alternative for
providing high data speeds in wireless communication
because of its inherent high accessible bandwidth. A
&Anveshkumar Nella
nellaanvesh@gmail.com
Anitha Vulugundam
anitha.vulugundam@gmail.com
Sumathi Kumarasamy
sumathimin@gmail.com
Sandeep Kiran Vattiprolu
sandeep.vattiprolu@gmail.com
1
School of EEE, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, India
2
Department of ECE, GNITS, Hyderabad, India
3
Department of ECE, Kathir College of Engineering,
Coimbatore, India
4
Department of ECE, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam,
India
123
Wireless Networks (2023) 29:1145–1159
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-022-03187-3(0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV)
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
... A 12-element planar circular antenna array operating from 0.235-0.322 THz band is presented in [8]. It comprises of Yagi-Uda directional bow-tie antennas. ...
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