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RISS
Journal
Randwick International of Social Sciences (RISS) Journal
Vol. 3, No. 4, October 2022 | Page: 717-722
ISSN Online: 2722-5674 - ISSN Print: 2722-5666
http://www.randwickresearch.com/index.php/rissj
-717-
1,2 Mindanao State University,
Maguindanao, Philippines
*aqeelahziyana@gmail.com
The Social Programs and Services among Senior Citizens
in Datu Saudi Ampatuan
| Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali1,*| Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim2 |
INTRODUCTION
The steady growth of the elderly population in the country is giving rise to new ideas about
the role of the elderly in social development. On the one hand, life wisdom and life
satisfaction, fulfilling trust and a high degree of personal integration are typical of the
elderly. They make diverse contributions to the development of society, welcome positive
changes in lifestyle and organization, show interest in the social, cultural and economic life
of the district, support generational cohesion, and promote spiritual and moral development
ABSTRACT
The study aimed to find out the Programs and Services offered
among Senior Citizens in Selected Barangay of Datu Saudi
Ampatuan Municipality. The study focused on demographic
profile of the respondents in terms of age, gender, educational
attainment and monthly income, the programs and services
offered in the municipality. The description method was used in
this study. This study was conducted particularly in Datu Saudi
Ampatuan Municipality. In three barangays, the barangay Madia,
barangay Dapiawan and barangay Elian in Datu Saudi Ampatuan
Maguindanao. Datu Saudi Ampatuan, is a 4th class municipality
in the province of Maguindanao, according to the 2020 census, it
has a population of 12,890 people.The respondents were male
and female between 60-70 years old Senior Citizens from three
barangays representing the barangay of Madia, Barangay
Dapiawan Barangay Elian in Datu Saudi Ampatuan
Maguindanao. Barangay Madia is the highest registered Senior
Citizens they have 98 registered senior citizens. Weighted mean
was used to analyze the data gathered on the extent of the
program and services for all senior citizens. The findings of the
study revealed that Majority of respondents age 60-64 years old
(4.33%). Majority of the respondents were female (56.67%).
Majority of respondents were elementary (46.67%). The
respondents were less extensive were doing the programs and
services with the mean of 2.64. The common problems
encountered by the respondents was no Companion with
frequency of (16), followed by physical Appearance (14), and
updated medical prescriptions (13). Most of the respondents
recommend that there must be provide lifetime identification card
(with validation) it gained a frequency of 26, followed by abolish
membership fee afrequency of (19), and Home visit of OSCA
representative (9).
KEYWORDS
Social programs and services for senior citizens; senior citizens in
maguindanao
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v3i4.511
Randwick International of Social Sciences Journal
ISSN Online: 2722-5674 - ISSN Print: 2722-5666
Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali, Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim
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uphold social values and maintain the ability to work rationally (Vladimirov, 2004;
Shakhmatov, 1996).
Like most developing countries, the Philippines is a country in transition in terms of
socioeconomic development, demographics and epidemiology. Population aging is a
phenomenon characterized by a steady increase in the number and proportion of the elderly
and a corresponding decrease in the proportion of younger age groups. This is due to the
increase in life expectancy. Lower mortality and lower birth rates are brought about by
advances in medical technology and medicine, and improved socio-economic conditions
(DSWD).
As of 2004, the total population of the Philippines over the age of 60 was 5,705,591 (5.7
million elderly). This equates to approximately 6.9% of the total population of the
Philippines. Currently, the Philippines ranks fifth among Southeast Asian countries with
the highest annual population growth rate. According to the 2000 Population and Housing
Census, a total of 4.6 million seniors make up about 6% of the Philippine population, a
significant increase of 22.18% from her 3.7 million seniors in 1995. is showing. This gives
an average annual population growth rate of 3.06. Percent from 1990 to 1995. It is
estimated that the number of older people will continue to rise to 7 million by 2010,
doubling in about 16 years if the growth rate of 4.39% continues. (special news senior
[SRSC], NSO).
In this study, we examined how expected changes in the educational structure of the
elderly affect the size of the elderly population and the prevalence of major diseases in the
elderly. While these studies estimate the size and composition of the elderly population
more accurately than traditional predictive models based on age and gender, they do not
take into account the fact that the next generation supporting the elderly is changing.
The current study explores the effects of education on population aging by extending
the recursive demographic model of Mare and Maralani (2006) to account for simultaneous
changes in the health of older adults and the composition of their offspring's educational
attainment. Aiming for a new model to examine. Thus, the study focused on the programs
and services offered among senior citizens in selected barangays of Datu Saudi Ampatuan
Municipality.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Foreign Literature
The idea that old age is of course a distinct state in life, characterized by a marked change
in roles and activities, and revolutionary when first introduced. However, the theory is no
longer accepted in its classical form. Critics often focus on applying the idea that older
people naturally and commonly withdraw from society as they age, and that it doesn't
allow for much variation in the way people go through life. aging process. (Hothschild
1975).
The social regression recognized by Cummins and Henry (1961), and the country where
the elderly need to find replacement roles for those they have lost, is approached as a new
point in the theory of functioning. According to this theory, social activity and
participation are the keys to happiness (Huvinghurst, 1961; Neugarten 1964; Huvinghurst,
Neugarten and Tobin 1968).
According to this theory, the more active and engaged older adults are, the happier they
are. Critics of this theory point out that not everyone has access to social opportunities and
activities. Also, not everyone finds satisfaction in the presence of others or participating in
activities.
Randwick International of Social Sciences Journal
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Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali, Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim
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Local Literature
Coupled with the rapid growth of the elderly population, comes an increase in cases of
abandonment and homelessness, as well as an increase in their special needs such as health
care, housing, income generation and other social services. It is generally acknowledged
that an aging population is the positive outcome of synergistic social, economic and health
advances. Due to the psychological, social and financial changes that older people go
through, they may sometimes need help to regain their sense of well-being. Events such as
the death of a spouse, absence from work, and related illnesses can cause the elderly to
experience brief periods of distress. Some people may need external support or assistance
to help ease and speed the adjustment.
Elderly care in the Philippines is guaranteed by the basic laws of the country. The 1987
Philippine Constitution ensures the promotion and protection of the rights and welfare of
Filipino elderly as a part of the minority population. Laws and programs that focus on
services for older Filipinos have gradually been developed over the past 40 years, although
much remains to be done to ensure they are fully implemented (Chalkasra, 2014;
Commission). (Human Rights Committee 2019; Salenga et al. 2016).
The creation of Republic Act No.9257 Expanded Senior Citizens Act (2004) in support
to the amendment to RA, 7432 (1992) which gives full support to the improvement of the
total well-being of senior citizens and their full participation in the Philippines society. It
expands the coverage of the benefits and privileges and mandates a senior citizen to be the
head of office of the senior citizens affairs (OSCA) in every municipality/city.
RESEARCH METHODS
Research Design
The description method was used in this study. A survey questionnaire was constructed to
gather the data needed in the study. It was used to determine the programs and services
offered among senior citizens in selected barangay of Datu Saudi Ampatuan Municipality.
Locale of the Study
This study was conducted particularly in Datu Saudi Ampatuan Municipality. In three
barangays, the barangay Madia, barangay Dapiawan and barangay Elian in Datu Saudi
Ampatuan Maguindanao. Datu Saudi Ampatuan, is a 4th class municipality in the province
of Maguindanao, according to the 2020 census, it has a population of 12,890 people.
Research Instruments
A survey questionnaire was used by the researcher to gather the information required of the
study. Specific questions were question were formulated for the two parts of questionnaire.
Part I gather data about the respondents profile such as age, gender, Educational
attainment and Monthly income, on the other hand, focused on the programs and services
offered among senior citizens in selected barangays of Datu Saudi Ampatuan Municipality.
Part II dealt with the assessment of the program and services perceived by the respondent,
the perceived problems and issues.
Respondents and Sampling Procedure
The respondents were male and female between 60-70 years old Senior Citizens from
three barangays representing the barangay of Madia, Barangay Dapiawan Barangay Elian
in Datu Saudi Ampatuan Maguindanao. Barangay Madia is the highest registered Senior
Citizens they have 98 registered senior citizens, and barangay Dapiawan is second highest
Randwick International of Social Sciences Journal
ISSN Online: 2722-5674 - ISSN Print: 2722-5666
Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali, Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim
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registered senior citizens they have 79 registered senior citizens, third is barangay Elian
they have 76 registered senior citizens . Purposive quota sampling technique has been used
to come up with sixty (60) respondents.
Data Gathering Procedure
A permit of Municipal mayor of the Datu Saudi Ampatuan Maguindanao, was sought first.
After is the approval, of the researcher gave the questionnaire to the respondents to answer
the questionnaires immediately and returned with all needed data.
Statistical Treatment of Data
In this study, the statistical tools in the data analysis were the frequency count, percentage
to the interpret the date gather from the Senior Citizens of Barangay Madia, Barangay
Dapiawan, Barangay Elian in Municipality of Datu Saudi Ampatuan, in their socio-
demographic profiles.
Weighted mean was used to analyze the data gathered on the extent of the program and
services for all senior citizens.
The ratings obtained in the assessment as to extent of Program services offered among
Senior Citizens of barangay Madia were interpreted using the following 4 point scale such
as. Range of Means Description
1.00 - 1.49 Very extensive
1.50 - 2.49 Extensive
2.50 - 3.49 Less Extensive
3.50 - 4.00 Not extensive
Ranking was used to interpret common issues and concerns of the Senior Citizens.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The table 1, shows that ages 60-64 of the respondents are 43.33%, ages 65-69 of the
respondents are 26.67%, ages 70-74 of the respondents are 18.33%, ages 75-79 of the
respondents are 6.67%, and 80 and above of the respondents are 5%.
Table 1. The Distribution of the Age of the Respondents
Age
Frequency
Percentage (%)
60-64
26
43.33
65-69
16
26.67
70-74
11
18.33
75-79
4
6.67
80 and above
3
5
Total
n=60
100
On the table 2, shows that 43.33% of the respondents are belongs to the male and
56.67% of the respondents are belongs to female.
Table 2. The Distribution of the Gender of the Respondents
Sex
Frequency
Percentage (%)
Male
26
43.33
Female
34
56.67
Total
n=60
100
Randwick International of Social Sciences Journal
ISSN Online: 2722-5674 - ISSN Print: 2722-5666
Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali, Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim
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On the table 3, it's shows that only 16.67% of the respondents are college level, 36.67%
of the respondents are high school level and 46.67% of the respondents are elementary
level. Table 3. The Distribution of the Educational Attainment of the respondents
Educational Attainment
Frequency
Percentage (%)
College
10
16.67
High School
22
36.67
Elementary
28
46.67
Total
n=60
100
On the table 4, 1k-5k monthly incomes of the respondents are 48.33%, 6k-10k monthly
incomes of the respondents are 26.67%, 11k-15k monthly incomes of the respondents are
21.67%, 16k-20k monthly incomes of the respondents are 3.33%, and 21k and above
monthly incomes of the respondents are 0%.
Table 4. The Distribution of the Monthly Income of the Respondents
Monthly Income
Frequency
Percentage (%)
1k-5k
29
48.33
6k-10k
16
26.67
11k-15k
13
21.67
16k-20k
2
33.33
21k and above
0
0
Total
n=60
100
The table 5 shows that the respondents less extensive in doing the programs and
services based on the average mean of 2.64. In the first item "Medical and Dental Care
Services" obtained the weighted mean of 2.51. In the second item " Income Tax
Exemptions" obtained the weighted mean of 3.01. In the third item "Free Vacations"
obtained the weighted mean of 2.31. In the four item Priority Express Lanes" obtained the
weighted mean of 3.33. In the fifth item " Granting Special Discounts" obtained the
weighted mean of 2.68. In the sixth item " Social Pensions" obtained the weighted mean of
1.68. In the seventh item " Mandatory Philhealth Coverage" obtained the weighted mean of
1.68. In the eight item "Social Safety Nets" obtained the weighted mean of 2.73 while the
ninth item " Death Benefits Assistance" obtained the weighted mean of 3.25 on the last
item "Domestic Transportation Privileges" obtained the weighted mean of 2.96.
Table 5. The Distribution of the Programs and Services of the Respondents
Programs and Services
Mean
Description
Medical and Dental Care
2.51
Less Extensive
Income Tax Exemption
3.01
Less Extensive
Free Vaccinations
2.31
Extensive
Priority Express Lanes
3.33
Less Extensive
Granting Special Discounts
2.68
Less Extensive
Social Pensions
1.68
Extensive
Mandatory Philhealth Coverage
1.68
Extensive
Social Safety Nets
2.73
Less Extensive
Death Benefits Assistance
3.25
Less Extensive
Domestic Transportation Privileges
2.96
Less Extensive
Total
2.64
Less Extensive
Randwick International of Social Sciences Journal
ISSN Online: 2722-5674 - ISSN Print: 2722-5666
Nezzar Fahima Unsi Ali, Marsharita Guiamalon Kasim
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On the table 6 below shows the common problems encountered by the respondents in
terms of: Physical Appearance with frequency of (14), Identification Marks with the
frequency of (6), Updated Medical Prescriptions with the frequency of (13) Financial
Constraints with the frequency of (11), No Companion with the frequency of (16).
Table 6. Problems Encountered by Respondents
Problems Encountered
Frequency
Rank
1. Physical Appearance
14
2
2. Identification Marks
6
5
3. Updated Medical Prescription
13
3
4. Financial Constraints
11
4
No Companion
16
1
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings and conclusions drawn from this study, The common problems
encountered by the respondents was no Companion with frequency of (16), followed by
physical Appearance (14), and updated medical prescriptions (13). Most of the respondents
recommend that there must be provide lifetime identification card (with validation) it
gained a frequency of 26, followed by abolish membership fee afrequency of (19), and
Home visit of OSCA representative (9).
REFERENCES
Chalkasra, L.S.P.S. (2014), An Assessment of the Implementation of Republic Act No.
9994: ‘The Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010’ in Makati City. Manila, Philippines:
Yuchengco Center
Jerry L. Wade. (1989). Felt Needs and Anticipatory Needs: Reformulation of a Basic
Community Development Principle. The Journal of the Community Development
Society
Mare, R.D. and Maralani, V. (2006). The intergenerational effects of changes in women's
educational attainments. American Sociological Review 71(4): 542-564
Salenga, R.L., M.M. Loquias, and J.N. Sarol (2016), Effect of the Expanded Senior
Citizens Act of 2010 (Republic Act 9994) on Drug Accessibility among the Elderly.
Acta Medica Filipina, 50(2), pp.38–43
Shakhmatov, N. (1996). Psychical ageing: Happy and painful. Мoscow: Medicine
Vladimirov, D. (2004). The older generation as an economic growth factor of Russia.
Moscow.
