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A Conceptual Evaluatıon On Publıc Dıplomacy: The Case Of The Turkish Diaspora Of Austria

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Abstract

Yumuşak güç, ekonomik ve askeri gücü öncelikleyen sert gücün yanında politik gücü kullanmanın dolaylı bir yolu olarak tanımlanmakta ve muhatap olunan aktörlerin ve toplumların tutumlarını ve tercihlerini etkileme çabalarını ifade etmektedir. Bu kapsamda bir yumuşak güç bileşeni olarak kamu diplomasisi, maddi olmayan manevi unsurlar marifetiyle muhatap olunan aktör ve toplumların tercihlerinin etkilenmesi şeklinde kavramsallaştırılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla kamu diplomasisi ekonomik ve askeri teşviklere ve tehditlere dayalı güç kullanımının aksine, maddi olmayan varlıklarla yakından bağlantılıdır. Kamu diplomasisi temelde bir ülkenin politikalarının ve toplumunun bir başka ülke yönetimi ve halkı tarafından hoş görülmesi ve desteklenmesi maksadıyla, ülkenin belirli politikalarının anlatılması ve muhatapların ikna edilmesi, ülkenin kaynaklarının tanıtımının yapılması için, sivil toplum kuruluşları veya gerçek kişiler gibi devlet dışı kurumlar tarafından gerçekleştirilen çabaların tümüdür. Bu çalışmada kamu diplomasisi olgusu çeşitli boyutlaruyla açıklanmakta, akabinde önemli bir kamu diplomasisi vasıtası olarak diaspora ve Avusturya Türk diasporası üzerinden ve Avusturya Türkiye minasebetleri bağlamında bir değerlendirme yapılmaktadır. Bu bağlamda başarılı birer kurumsallaşmış kamu diplomasisi vasıtaları olarak Yunus Emre Enstitüsü ile Avusturya Türk Kültür Vakfı üzerinden kavramsal bir inceleme yapılmaktadır.

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