Chapter

11 - How Stakeholders Can Help Science

June 2022

DOI:10.1017/9781009092265.012

In book: The Scientific Method: A Guide to Finding Useful Knowledge (pp.139 - 163)
Edition: First
Chapter: 11
Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Authors:

J. Scott Armstrong

University of Pennsylvania

University of South Australia

This chapter addresses how stakeholders of scientific research can assess whether research is compliant with the scientific method and then promote useful scientific research to improve products, services, processes, methods, and decision-making. We address stakeholders in sections for universities, scientific journals, governments, regulators and courts, and media and interested individuals.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Article

Full-text available

Manager Cross-Border Capability and Strategic Entrepreneurship: Evidence from the Chinese Pearl Rive...

January 2025 · Review of Economic Assessment

Strategic entrepreneurship (SE) emphasizes synchronous advantage-seeking and opportunity development, an important mode for enhancing the core competitive advantage of scientific and technological innovation in enterprises and realizes sustainable innovation in a dynamic and uncertain environment. Through a questionnaire survey of 308 small- and medium-sized science and technology innovation ... [Show full abstract] enterprises in the Chinese Pearl River Delta region, this study explores how managers’ cross-border capability (MCC) affects the SE of science and technology innovation enterprises. Research shows an inverted U-shaped relationship between the MCC and SE of scientific and technological innovation enterprises. Organizational learning (OL) plays an intermediary role in the relationship between MCC and SE, while attention to policy positively adjusts the inverted U-shaped relationship between the MCC and SE of science and technology innovation enterprises. The regulatory effect of cross-border efforts on the relationship between MCC and SE of scientific and technological innovation enterprises is insignificant; however, they positively regulate the role of MCC in OL, which can positively impact the SE of scientific and technological innovation enterprises through OL. This study has implications for optimizing the internal and external resources of the organization, promoting the capture of innovation opportunities, and constructing competitive advantages for scientific and technological innovation enterprises.

Article

Full-text available

On the Readiness of Scientific Data Papers for a Fair and Transparent Use in Machine Learning

January 2025 · Scientific Data

To ensure the fairness and trustworthiness of machine learning (ML) systems, recent legislative initiatives and relevant research in the ML community have pointed out the need to document the data used to train ML models. Besides, data-sharing practices in many scientific domains have evolved in recent years for reproducibility purposes. In this sense, academic institutions’ adoption of these ... [Show full abstract] practices has encouraged researchers to publish their data and technical documentation in peer-reviewed publications such as data papers. In this study, we analyze how this broader scientific data documentation meets the needs of the ML community and regulatory bodies for its use in ML technologies. We examine a sample of 4041 data papers of different domains, assessing their coverage and trends in the requested dimensions and comparing them to those from an ML-focused venue (NeurIPS D&B), which publishes papers describing datasets. As a result, we propose a set of recommendation guidelines for data creators and scientific data publishers to increase their data’s preparedness for its transparent and fairer use in ML technologies.

Article

Full-text available

Brief communication: gaps and opportunities in HIV research in Venezuela

January 2025 · AIDS Research and Therapy

Over the past decade, Venezuela has experienced a political and economic crisis that has affected the country’s scientific research development. Currently, the state of HIV research in Venezuela remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review identifying 683 articles over the last 20 years of which only 101 met our inclusion criteria. A decrease in national scientific production was observed ... [Show full abstract] starting in 2017, although there was an increase in foreign research on the Venezuelan migrant population. Knowledge gaps were identified in areas such as epidemiology, efficacy and resistance to antiretroviral therapy, and HIV in pregnancy.

Article

Full-text available

Research on the Impact of Scientific and Technological Talent Agglomeration on Green Development

January 2025 · Journal of Information Economics

With the intensification of the global ecological crisis, promoting green development has become a key path to achieve sustainable development. Based on the panel data of 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China from 2011 to 2022, this paper systematically examines the impact of scientific and technological talent agglomeration on regional green development and its mechanism of action. ... [Show full abstract] The study constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of regional green development level, adopts location entropy to measure the degree of scientific and technological talent concentration, and empirically analyses it by using the fixed effect model, mediation effect model and moderating effect model. The study finds that (1) scientific and technological talent concentration has a significant promotion effect on green development, and this conclusion still holds after various robustness tests and endogeneity treatment; (2) from the perspective of regional heterogeneity, the green development effect of scientific and technological talent concentration is significant in the eastern region, while it is not significant in the central and western regions; from the perspective of period heterogeneity, the promotion effect of scientific and technological talent concentration is more significant after the introduction of ‘The Outline of National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy’; from the perspective of Internet development, the promotion effect is more significant; from the perspective of the heterogeneity of period, the promotion effect is more significant; from the perspective of heterogeneity of the level of Internet development, scientific and technological talent agglomeration shows a stronger promotion effect in regions with a lower level of Internet development; (3) the mechanism test shows that scientific and technological talent agglomeration can promote green development through two paths of enhancing the level of public environmental concern and promoting green technological innovation, and at the same time, the level of marketisation and the government's attention to scientific and technological talent can positively regulate this kind of promotion. Based on the conclusions of the study, this paper puts forward policy suggestions to systematically improve the level of regional scientific and technological talent concentration, and to give full play to the effects of external supervision and technological innovation.