Content uploaded by John E. Eck
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by John E. Eck on Nov 14, 2022
Content may be subject to copyright.
The New Police Order: Effectiveness, Equity, and Efficiency in Community Policing
... Prepričanje, da bo policijsko delo v skupnosti pomagalo pri reševanju številnih problemov, je bilo omajano, saj obstajajo ovire, ki mečejo slabo luč na tovrstno policijsko delo. Problem se pojavi, ko je treba začeti izvajati takšno policijsko delo in policisti ne pokažejo zanimanja zanj (Bennett, 1994;Eck in Rosenbaum, 1994;Sadd in Grinc, 1994), še več, mnogokrat se med policisti pojavijo odpori do takšnega policijskega dela. Policijskemu delu v skupnosti najbolj nasprotujejo zagovorniki tradicionalnega policijskega dela. ...
... Naslednji problem se nanaša na merjenje učinkov policijskega dela v skupnosti, na pomanjkanje virov za ustrezno izvajanje dela, odgovornost za ukrepanje in različne ustavne pomisleke, predvsem glede upoštevanja temeljnih pravic in svoboščin državljanov (Eck in Rosenbaum, 1994;Sadd in Grinc, 1996). Policisti se pri opravljanju policijskega dela dnevno srečujejo z opisanimi problemi. ...
... Legitimnost policijske dejavnosti vpliva na varnost in razvoj vezi med prebivalci in policijo (Bradford idr., 2014). Zaupanje vredna in legitimna policija oziroma policijska dejavnost omogoča kolektivne ukrepe zoper probleme s kriminaliteto v lokalnem okolju ter predstavlja ključni element v strukturi stabilnih norm in vrednot, ki vplivajo na posameznikovo vedenje (LaFree, 1998 opravljanje policijske dejavnosti potrebno soglasje (Herbert, 2009) 14 in sodelovanje prebivalcev (Cordner, 1997;Eck in Rosenbaum, 1994). Hawdon (2008) je zapisal, da je za vzpostavljanje zaupanja policije pri prebivalcih, ki neposredno vpliva na njihovo sodelovanje, 15 potreben socialni kapital, ki se oblikuje na ravni soseske (oziroma manjše skupnosti). ...
Monografija predstavlja policijsko delo v skupnosti v kontekstu zagotavljanja varnosti v lokalnih skupnostih v Sloveniji. Uvodoma so predstavljene teoretske perspektive policijskega dela v skupnosti. Sledi sistematični pregled evropskih raziskav o policijskem delu v skupnosti v zadnjih dveh desetletjih. Avtorji obravnavajo povezanost med legitimnostjo in policijskim delom v skupnosti v perspektivi javnega mnenja o policiji ter samozaznave legitimnosti policistov in njihovih pogledov na policijsko organizacijo. Posebno pozornost avtorji namenjajo opravljanju policijskega dela v skupnosti v urbanih in ruralnih okoljih, ker se narava kriminalitete in izvajanje policijske dejavnosti pomembno razlikuje med urbanimi in ruralnimi okolji. Sledi predstavitev usmerjenih skupinskih intervjujev s policisti in individualnih polstrukturiranih intervjujev s predstavniki lokalnih skupnosti. V naslednjem poglavju avtorji predstavijo analizo SWOT o policijskem delu v skupnosti. Avtorji pisanje zaključijo z refleksijo razvoja policijskega dela v Sloveniji v zadnjih treh desetletjih.
... Community policing, perhaps the most widely adopted police innovation of the last decade, is extremely difficult to define: Its definition has varied over time and among police agencies (Eck and Rosenbaum 1994;Greene and Mastrofski 1988). One of the principal assumptions of community policing, however, is that the police can draw from a much broader array of resources in carrying out the police function than is found in the traditional law enforcement powers of the police. ...
... As suggested above, organizational effectiveness could be viewed as a component of police legitimacy and trustworthiness, but here is treated separately as an outcome for which agencies are held accountable. The success of the police has been defined largely by crime rates, clearance rates, response times, and enforcement activities, which have proven to be less useful than other indicators of effectiveness (Eck and Rosenbaum, 1994). Many police executives believe the public judges them based on these metrics (Sparrow, 2015), and indeed, there is some evidence that the perceived crime fighting ability of the local police is related to public satisfaction (Cheurprakobkit and Bartsch, 2001). ...
Purpose
There is widespread interest in moving beyond crime statistics to measure police performance in new ways, especially the quality of police-community interactions that influence police legitimacy and public trust. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the Police-Community Interaction Survey (PCIS) developed by the National Police Research Platform.
Design/methodology/approach
The PCIS collected data from 53 police agencies around the USA in 2013-2014. The psychometric properties of the constructs measured are presented. This study also offers a preliminary test of the effects of an alternatively specified and expanded procedural justice model on willingness to cooperate with the police, mediated through perceptions of officer trustworthiness.
Findings
Scales were developed with good reliability and validity that measure various aspects of the police-community interactions. The authors find evidence that empathy is an important addition to the procedural justice model, and that the effects of procedural justice on willingness to cooperate with the police are partially mediated through perceptions of officer trustworthiness.
Originality/value
This is the first attempt to validate the measurement of police-community interactions on a large scale in the USA with policy implications at the local and national levels. The findings can help local police agencies incorporate new performance metrics at the individual, group, and agency levels. Nationally, the science of policing can be advanced by specifying the antecedents and consequences of respectful and empathic actions, including behavior that strengthens police-community relations.
... Due in part to the global economic downturn in recent years, coupled with the technology revolution, police agencies are being asked by the public they serve to do more with fewer resources. In short, they are expected to work smarter, and are being held accountable for their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity in dealing with crime and public safety (Eck & Rosenbaum, 1994;Bradley & Nixon, 2009). This will require that the police become more analytical in their approaches, and evaluate the outcomes of these approaches (Knutsson, 2010). ...
The New Zealand Police adopted Community-Oriented Policing in the late 1980s as a response to an increase in crime and from pressure from the government to improve the effectiveness of their services. The introduction of the philosophy led to the establishment of Community Policing Centers and the introduction of Neighborhood Policing Teams. Community-Oriented Policing was never fully implemented even though it was the philosophy that was used for a radical change program called Prevention First. Prevention First was implemented by the New Zealand Police between 2009 and 2012. It was a strategy that had all of the characteristics of Community-Oriented Policing and had a focus on victims and the prevention of crime.
ABSTRACT
The Karamoja Cluster is the epicentre of Africa’s decades-old problem of cattle rustling. Recent reports indicate a rise in livestock theft, despite the unilateral and multilateral interventions of the cluster’s respective governments. Paradoxically, with the deployment of elite and specialised police units – and in some cases even the military – the number of fatalities, frequency of incidences and amount of livestock stolen all continue to increase. Using Baringo, Kenya as a case study, this article investigates why cattle rustlers continue to thrive in the Karamoja Cluster. Police legitimacy theory, frustration–aggression theory and theory of eco-violence were employed and both primary and secondary data sources were used, including interviews with 32 purposively selected respondents. It was found that coercive government responses to cattle rustling have resulted in the perception of police illegitimacy and consequently in non-cooperation between the community and the police. It is recommended that the Karamoja Cluster’s governments re-evaluate their intervention strategies with a view to fostering a positive police–community relationship in the areas most afflicted by cattle rustling, and that they deploy local reservists who are more aligned with local sociocultural dynamics in order to increase community acceptance of and cooperation with the police.
The purpose of this study is to partially test the broken windows thesis, and to evaluate the effect of Houston’s Differential Response Team (DRT) in particular at the patrol division level using crime-related calls for service data (CFS) in the city. Monthly DRT assignment data over a period of 13 years in five different space-time patterns were utilized to estimate the effect of targeted disorder enforcement from 2005 to 2017. Our findings suggest that the DRT overall did not produce significant effects on crime-related calls, with only one out of five space-time patterns showing demonstrable benefit. We highlighted the underlying features generating differential rates of crime across geographic areas as an explanation in the discussion section. The unique feature of this study was the focus on routine police activities as opposed to arrests as the key indicator of law enforcement intervention in the management of crime.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.