Available via license: CC BY 4.0
Content may be subject to copyright.
(ORmm-pre = 0.887; p-value<0.001). However, the pandemic
affected women’s employment unequally. Migrant women
experienced an increase in the risk of being unemployed 6
times larger than native women (48.67% (ORmw-post = 2.688;
p-value<0.001) v 8.78% (ORnw-post = 2.062; p-value<0.001)).
Moreover, in the post-covid 19 scenario, individual character-
istics of migrant women (ORmw-post = 2.688; p-value<0.001)
played a larger role in the risk of being unemployed than their
educational level (MOR = 2.537).
Conclusions:
Migrant women are disproportionately bearing the short-term
economic consequences of the pandemic by means of higher
unemployment rates, underpinning experiences of racism and
gender discrimination. Increasingly attention needs to be
placed on discriminated groups in society. Targeted protective
policies that foster labour market integration and increase
social protection are needed to mitigate and decrease existing
economic, social, and health inequalities.
Key messages:
Migrant women have disproportionately carried the eco-
nomic impact of the covid-19 pandemic in Spain. Targeted
protective policies are needed to mitigate existing socio-
economic and health inequalities.
Migrant women’s gender and migration background play a
greater role than their education in the risk of being
unemployed, underpinning experiences of racism and
gender discrimination.
Abstract citation ID: ckac129.316
What do employees on long-term sick leave
experience, as barriers for returning to work?
Kine Strømstad
K Strømstad
1
, LS Skarpaas
2,1
, SE Wiik
2
, SI Haslerud
1
, RW Aas
1,2
1
Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
2
Departmentof Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, OsloMet –
Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
Contact: kine.stromstad@uis.no
Background:
The financial burden long-term sick leave places on society are
immense and amounted to an annual cost of 180 billion NOK
in Norway. Epidemiological and sociodemographic risk factors
related to sickness absence and return to work (RTW) are well
studied, less is known regarding self-perceived biopsychosocial
barriers for RTW. The aim of this study was to investigate the
diversity of barriers for RTW as experienced by long term sick
listed employees.
Methods:
The study is a large-scale qualitative interview study (n = 85),
using semi-structured telephone interviews. Participants were
eligible to participate if they had received sick leave benefits >6
months and <1,5 years at the time of recruitment, for at least
50% of their employed work hours. The data was analysed with
a directed qualitative content analysis combined with a
summative approach. A deductive approach, guided by the
theoretical framework provided in Model of Human
Occupation (MoHO) were used in the analysis process. In
MoHO, the main categories are person specific components
and environmental components.
Results:
The study generated 952 coded meaning units describing
barriers for RTW. Of these, we were able to deductively code
917 within the framework of MoHO. In the person specific
concept, performance capacity barriers were dominant
(n = 530). Volitional barriers (n = 164) were related to
personal causation, hereunder self-efficacy (n = 24), and
one’s sense of capacity (n = 91). Barriers related to habituation
(n = 64) was expressed as habits, both necessary habits and
undesirable habits. Barriers related to the environmental
component amounted to 388. The majority was linked to
occupational environment (n = 217), including availability of
adequate work tasks and barriers related to the healthcare
system.
Conclusions:
The experienced RTW-barriers extended beyond health-related
barriers, for most of the participants the barriers were related
to both person specific components and environmental
components.
Key messages:
By gaining a greater understanding of the experienced RTW-
barriers we could possibly provide more tailored RTW-
services and help sick listed to a safe and sustainable return
to work.
The experienced RTW barriers for long term sick listed were
primarily related to person specific and environmental
components, and thus extended beyond health-related
barriers.
5.K. Workshop: National and European studies on
health literacy in children and adolescents
Abstract citation ID: ckac129.317
Organised by: EUPHA Working Group on Health Literacy, EUPHA-HP,
EUPHA-CAPH, Technical University Munich, Robert Koch Institute
Chair persons: Orkan Okan (EUPHA-HP), Kimberley Foley (UK)
Contact: orkan.okan@tum.de
Health literacy describes how people use health information to
make informed decisions in context of healthcare, disease
prevention and health promotion. Enhancing health literacy of
populations is critical and in particular important at an early
age, which is understood to be more sustainable because health
literacy contributes to improved personal health and develop-
ment. Low health literacy in child and adolescent populations
has been linked to worse health outcomes and health
disparities in Europe, making health literacy of children and
adolescents an important public health topic. Developing and
delivering target group specific interventions and services
requires precise data generation on the state of health literacy
in early age. In the past decade, several conceptual approaches
have been undertaken but methodological sound, validated
and reliable measurement tools are still scarce. Available
systematic reviews show that most tools originated from North
America and/or English speaking countries. However, in the
past years European researchers have been involved with
research on health literacy in childhood and adolescence, the
result of which culminated into heavy progress regarding the
development of health literacy measurement instruments,
including generic health literacy, digital health and mental
health literacy. These new developments lead to the availability
of validated tools for school-aged children, including primary
and secondary school children. The purpose of this workshop
is to bring together five contemporary health literacy studies
conducted in child and adolescent populations across Europe,
including national and European-wide studies. Both metho-
dological findings regarding the measurement tool and
15th European Public Health Conference 2022 iii129
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/32/Supplement_3/ckac129.317/6766170 by guest on 26 October 2022
empirical data will be introduced. The first presentation
emerges from the HLCA HL-Kids project, which has been
conducted in Germany and focusses on primary school-
children, using the HLS-Child-Q15 tool. The second presenta-
tion originates from the Netherlands where the HLS-Child-
Q15 tool was adapted to Dutch children. The third presenta-
tion aims at health literacy of adolescents in secondary school-
age in Germany, by using the MOHLAA-Q tool. The fourth
presentation originates from the WHO-led HBSC study, which
has been conducted by using the HLSAC questionnaire. The
final presentation will focus on the first digital health literacy
measurement tool for secondary schoolchildren, which has
been developed within a German study in schools. Each project
will be given ten minutes to present their findings, including
questions, which will be followed by Q&A and an open
discussion with the audiences. This workshop offers a forum
for researchers, practitioners and policy-makers interested in
health literacy measurement in children and adolescents. By
dialogue and two-way communication, vivid interaction will
be ensured, allow building synergies, and facilitate networking
and capacity building.
Key messages:
Health literacy contributes to improved personal health and
development of children and adolescents.
The measurement of health literacy is key to public health
intervention success and needs theory driven, validated and
reliable instruments.
Abstract citation ID: ckac129.318
HL-Kids-NRW – Study of fourth-graders’ health
literacy
Torsten Michael Bollweg
T Bollweg
1
, O Okan
1
1
Department of Sport and Health Science, Technical University Munich,
Munich, Germany
Contact: torsten.bollweg@tum.de
Background:
Although children are identified as a key target group for
interventions targeting the development of health literacy, little
data is available on children’s health literacy and how it is
related to health outcomes at a young age. This study addresses
this research gap by providing data on fourth-graders’ health
literacy and associated health outcomes.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among fourth-grade
students in the state of North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany.
The study was designed as a representative survey starting in
12/2020, which could, however, not be realized due to
pandemic-related constraints. Data collected between 07/20
and 11/20 is included in the analyses presented here. Among
others, we assessed self-reported health literacy with the HLS-
Child-Q15 questionnaire, while also assessing various self-
reported health outcomes.
Results:
n = 364 students are included in the analysis, 49,5% of which
are female. The mean age is 9.5 years (SD =.7). The HLS-
Child-Q15 demonstrated high internal consistency
(Cronbach’s a= .812). Self-reported health literacy is high,
with a HLS-Child-Q15 mean score of 3.13, indicating that it is
rather easy for participants to deal with health-related
information. Health literacy is significantly associated with a
number of outcomes related to health status (KINDL-R
subscales physical wellbeing and mental wellbeing,
Spearman’s r= .280 and r= .271, respectively; p < .001)
and health behaviour (freq. of brushing teeth: r= .173; p <
.01; freq. of eating fruit and vegetable: r= .217 and r= .299;
p < .001; freq. of physical activity: r= .279; p < .001).
Conclusions:
While the overall level of health literacy in our sample is high,
higher health literacy is associated with better health
behaviours, as well as improved mental and physical wellbeing.
Further analyses are necessary to explore the causal pathways
between the investigated variables, and representative survey
are needed to verify these findings.
Abstract citation ID: ckac129.319
Measuring health literacy and its associations with
health behaviors of adolescents in Germany
Anne-Kathrin Mareike Loer
A Loer
1
, OM Domanska
1
, S Jordan
1
1
Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch
Institute, Berlin, Germany
Contact: LoerA@rki.de
Background:
The questionnaire ‘‘Measurement of Health Literacy Among
Adolescents Questionnaire’’ (MOHLAA-Q) was developed and
validated in a multi-stage process to measure generic health
literacy among 14- to 17-year-olds. The MOHLAA-Q
combines subjective and objective measurements, consisting
of four scales. The instrument was applied to explore
associations between generic health literacy and different
health behaviors among adolescents in Germany. The data
should contribute to the age-appropriate development of
health promotion interventions.
Methods:
We carried out a nationwide cross-sectional online survey with
1,235 adolescents aged 14-17 years in Germany in 2019. Data
on generic health literacy were collected using the four scales of
the MOHLAA-Q and data on health behaviors were collected
using single established single-item questions on sports, diet,
alcohol consumption, and smoking. Bivariate and multiple
analyses were performed for investigating associations between
generic health literacy and health behaviors, adjusted for age,
gender, education and self-efficacy.
Results:
Not consuming fruit and vegetables daily was associated with
lower health literacy levels in all examined scales. Doing no
sports as well as smoking showed positive associations with
low levels in ‘‘health-related communication and interaction
skills’’ and ‘‘attitudes toward one’s own health and health
information’’. No associations were found between risky
alcohol consumption and health literacy.
Conclusions:
The results indicate that strengthening health literacy should
be part of health promotion activities for increasing physical
activity and healthy diet among adolescents. The MOHLAA-Q
allows us to identify which specific dimensions of health
literacy might be addressed in order to promote different
health behaviors.
Abstract citation ID: ckac129.320
Exploring children’s health literacy in the Netherlands
– results in a sample of 8-11 year olds
Jany Rademakers
J Rademakers
1,2
, M Hahnraths
2
, T Bollweg
3
, O Okan
3
,
M Willeboordse
4
, M Heijmans
1
1
NIVEL, Utrecht, Netherlands
2
CAPHRI, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
3
Department of Sport and Health Science, Technical University Munich,
Munich, Germany
4
Mulier Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands
Contact: j.rademakers@nivel.nl
Background:
There are few valid, age-appropriate tools to assess children’s
HL. The German-language European Health Literacy Survey
Questionnaire Adapted for Children (HLS-Child-Q15-DE) is a
self-report questionnaire adapted from the adult European
Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire. In 2021, this instrument
was translated and validated in the Netherlands. In this
iii130 European Journal of Public Health, Volume 32 Supplement 3, 2022
Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/article/32/Supplement_3/ckac129.317/6766170 by guest on 26 October 2022