Article

Vergleich aktueller Epilationssysteme und Beurteilung deren Effektivität

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Abstract

1. General Photoepilation is a very new method in dermatology. Therefore possibilities and borders are not known by now. Many doctors are using these devices as comfortable method t reduce hair. This ex-amination should be helpful for the operator in judgment of in some cases contradictory statements in literature. Beyond this investigation should be a guidline to optimize the treatment with photo-epilation systems. 2. Material and Methods Therefore comparison investigations in between different lasers and IPL were performed as well as investigations concerning treatment parameters as energy densitiy and pulse duration and their influ-ence on efficiacy of hair reduction. The parameter that was used for statistical evaluation was the per-cental hair reduction that was ascertained by hair counts before the first and every following treatment as well as during the follow up periods up to twelve months. It was seen to it that countings were per-formed by the same person every time to reduce inaccuracies. Testing areas were located on sym-metric body areas with as homogenous hair as possible. This procedure should avoid diversity in hair density and differences in respond evocated by different body areas. Testing areas were generously extended on skin to guarantee for certain treatment of testing areas. All testing areas were treated in 4 to 8 weekly intervals with the respective method. Treatment parameters were unalterated concerning pulse duration and spot diameter at every repeated treatment, energy densitiy was enhanced at every treatment as far as the protocol of study allowed to do so. 3. Results 3. 1. Hair counting method The hair counting method that was evolved during this investigation was statistically explored and was statistically reliably and convincing. 3. 2. Comparison of two alexandrite lasers in „low dose category“ This investigation was performed with two alexandrite lasers (alexandrite laser 1 and 2) of different firms in low energy ranges. That means within energy densities of 10 J/cm². This comparison showed a better hair reduction of alexandrite laser 1 at the third and fourth repeated treatment. 3. 3. Comparison of two alexandrite lasers at the energy densitiy of 20-25 J/cm² There was another comparison in the energy densitiy of 20-25 J/cm². This investigation showed no statistically significant different result. 3. 4. Analysis of influence on efficiacy of different pulse durations with alexandrite laser 2 A further comparison study with alexandrite laser 2 analysed the influence of pulse duration on efficiacy of hair reduction. This investigation showed no influence during pulse durations of 10 to 40 msec. 3. 5. Comparison of energy densities between 10 and 40 J/cm² by treatment with the alexandrite laser 2 There was another comparison study that investigated the influence of energy density of the range between 10 an 40 J/cm² on hair reduction. Statistical evaluation showed a significant different result after the second treatment in the group 10 and 30 J/cm² and 10 and 40 J/cm². All further results were statistically not significant different. 3. 6. Comparison concerning the efficiacy of hair reduction using lowly energy densities to normal energy densities treating with the alexandrite laser A further comparison study investigated the range of energy densities between 5 and 20 J/cm². The comparison of low energy densities showed statistically significant different results after the second treatment in the group of 5 to 20 J/cm² and after the third treatment in the group of 5 to 10 respectively 15 J/cm². All further results were statistically not significant different. Therefore low energy densities are sucessfull in hair reduction and enlarge the array of this method. 3. 7. Comparison of different cooling methods and their influence on hair reduction treating with an alexandrite laser and a flash lamp A further study investigates the influence of cooling on efficiacy of hair reduction. There were different cooling methods that were related to an uncooled control area. Cooling methods were ultra sonic gel, air cooling and a combination out of air and ultra sonic gel. Treatment parameters in all areas were that settings that were tolerated in the uncooled area. Treatment was performed either with alexandrite laser 1 or a flash lamp. Results of this investigation did not show statistically significant different re-sults in efficiacy concerning the cooling method. Apart from that treatment method was not crucial. 3. 8. Comparison of a diode laser and a flash lamp There was a comparison study between a diode laser and a flash lamp performed. Statistical evalua-tion showed statistical significant different results in five from six treatments. Results treating with the diode laser were better. Follow up after three and sex months showed statistically significant different results only after three months to the advantage of the diode laser. Apart from that there was another investigation concerning the body localisation. Therefore legs, bikini and chin were compared. There was a statistically significant difference after the first treatment in between legs and bikini. All further results were not statistically significant different. 3. 9. Comparison of a diode laser, two flash lamps and an alexandrite laser concerning the efficiacy of hair reduction A further study compared two flash lamps, a diode laser and alexandrite laser 1. This investigation did not show any statistically significant differences between the mentioned epilation systems. 4. Discussion concluding there could be mentioned that there are more investigations with more volunteers neces-sary to get better and more exact results concerning photo-epilation. Apart from that a more precise determination of treatment parameters should help to get better results. Follow up investigations are necessary in a bigger extension to qualify perspectives and

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Article
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Article
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Article
There is an increasing demand for safe and efficient hair removal. Although long-term hair removal has been demonstrated using lasers and non-coherent light sources, permanent hair removal has been difficult to claim due to the long growth/rest cycle of normal human hair follicles. To evaluate bikini line hair removal with a second generation intense pulsed light (IPL) source. Ten females (20 bikini lines) with dark hair and skin types II-IV were treated with an IPL (600 nm) four times with a 1-month interval. Counting of the hair follicles was carried out with a computer imaging system before treatment, and 4 and 8 months after the treatments. Hair reduction of 74.7% (SD +/- 18.3%) was seen 4 months after the treatments and 80.2% (SD +/- 20.3%) 8 months after the last treatment. Only minimal side effects were noted and no pain or other discomfort was registered during the treatments. The present study demonstrated that this new IPL system is both efficient and safe for hair removal. Because the follow up period of 8 months is twice the cycle time for hairs in the bikini line area, the obtained hair reduction in this study was long-lasting.
Article
The long-term removal of unwanted hair is a challenge for health care providers. Peer-reviewed scientific data for many of the hair removal laser systems is lacking. This paper provides a chronicle of 24 of the 31 patients who participated in the original 3-month trial for hair removal utilizing an intense pulsed light source. A total of 24 of the original 31 patients who took part in the one treatment, 3-month, intense pulsed light trial were examined again at 1 year following the treatment. Long-term epilation of 75% hair removal was found in this group of patients after 1 year with a single treatment. The intense pulsed light source is an effective method for providing long-term epilation of unwanted hair.
Article
As laser epilation has become a widely accepted method for hair removal, questions regarding timing and frequency of treatments have arisen. To determine whether a structured treatment protocol for laser hair removal improves clinical results in reducing hair growth. A group of 100 patients (Group A) underwent laser epilation with four regularly spaced treatments; a group of 100 patients (Group B) determined their own treatment plan with respect to timing and frequency (not exceeding four treatments). Group A experienced a 78 +/- 8% reduction in hair with four treatments per patient while Group B experienced a 48 +/- 12% reduction with an average of 2.5 +/- 0.5 treatments per patient. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Patient satisfaction was significantly improved in Group A compared with Group B (P < 0.05). A positive linear relationship was identified in Group B between treatment frequency and hair reduction (r = 0.94) and between treatment frequency and patient satisfaction (r = 0.89). This study concludes that patients who participate in a structured treatment protocol note superior clinical results following laser hair removal.
Article
Laser hair removal is the treatment of choice for hypertrichosis. The two most commonly used hair removal lasers are compared. To present the results of a comparative study examining the role of wavelength, fluence, spot size, pulse width, and cooling systems on long-term results after a series of four laser hair removal treatments using the 755 nm alexandrite and 800-810 nm diode lasers. The axillae of 15 untanned, type I-V patients were treated side by side four times at 4- to 6-week intervals with a 755 nm, 3-msec pulse width, cryogen spray-equipped alexandrite laser and an 800 nm, variable pulse width, cooled sapphire window-equipped diode laser. Each patient was pretested and treated with the maximum fluence tolerated at the largest spot size available for each laser (12 mm round/113 mm2 for the alexandrite and 9 mm for the diode). Evaluations were done at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the last treatment. Twelve-month results with the alexandrite and diode lasers achieved 85% versus 84% hair reduction. The fact that tan avoidance was strictly followed permitted the use of relatively high fluences (25-30+ J/cm(2)) even in type IV patients. For most patients, four treatment sessions using high fluences (30-40 J/cm(2)) with relatively large spot sizes (12 mm round for the 755 nm alexandrite and 9 mm for the 800 nm diode) resulted in 12-month hair reductions in the 90% range. Both the alexandrite and diode lasers in this 12-month study produced excellent long-term hair reductions.
Article
The aim was to investigate the efficacy, side effects, and the long-term results of a long pulsed Nd:YAG-Laser for hair removal in different hair colors and skin types. We performed a prospective clinical study with 29 volunteers. Treatment was performed on the lower leg with a long pulsed Nd:YAG-Laser. Five test areas were treated 1-5 times in monthly intervals; one served as control. Follow-up investigations were performed at each session, and 3, 6, and 12 months after the last therapy. No depilatory treatment except shaving was allowed during the time of follow-up. Percentual hair loss, short- and long-term side effects, and pain during the treatment were evaluated. After one month, a hair loss of greater than 50% was found in 44.9% of the areas treated once. With up to five treatments, this percentage increased up to 71.5%. One year after therapy, a greater than 50% hair reduction was still present in 40% of the five-treatment-areas and in 0% of the areas treated only once. There were no permanent side effects despite one small scar after a folliculitis. The long pulsed Nd:YAG is suitable to remove hair for more than 12 months effectively, although 4-5 sessions are necessary for these results. Blond hair can also be removed, although much less effective. No lasting side effects could be seen. Darker skin types or tanned skin can also be treated without side effects. A cooling may be advisable due to the pain reported by the volunteers.
Article
Background and objectives: Sapphire contact cooling is widely used to prevent non-specific epidermal injury from occurring during selective laser treatment of unwanted hair and vascular lesions. This small study was performed to examine the clinical response of the skin to 800-nm laser irradiation with varying extent of cutaneous sapphire contact cooling. Observed clinical responses are compared to those predicted by theoretical analysis in an attempt to construct a more complete picture of sapphire contact cooling and its role in preventing non-targeted tissue devitalization during laser treatment of the skin using a wavelength, pulse duration, and radiant exposure commonly used for laser hair removal. Study design/materials and methods: Three subjects each received a total of three pulses of laser light (800 nm) of equal radiant exposure (60 J/cm(2)), pulse duration (30 msec), and spot size (9 mm x 9 mm), but with varying extent of cutaneous cooling. One site was pre-cooled and heat-sinked with a chilled (5 degrees C) sapphire window in contact with the skin; another site was heat-sinked only with a room-temperature (20 degrees C) sapphire window in contact with the skin; and a third site received no pre-cooling or heat-sinking. Each site was examined immediately after treatment and at intervals throughout a 3-month period. The thermal response of the tissue was calculated in each case using a Monte Carlo model for light transport in multi-layered tissues coupled with an axisymmetric finite-difference heat diffusion model. Thermal injury was modeled as a first-order kinetic rate process using an Arrhenius expression. Results: In all three subjects, the sites that were pre-cooled and heat-sinked showed no evidence of epidermal or dermal devitalization. The three sites that were heat-sinked only had a few patches of perifollicular epidermal devitalization and subsequent desquamation without any permanent epidermal or dermal injury, as would be evidenced by pigmentary alteration or textural change. In each subject, the site that received no pre-cooling or heat-sinking sustained epidermal and dermal devitalization, appearing as ulceration and resulting in sustained erythema and textural alteration. Clinical responses predicted by theoretical analysis agree with the clinical observations and show that the dominant effect of sapphire contact cooling for pulse durations of 30 msec or less is the reduction of fluence within the epidermis resulting from index matching at the skin surface. Conclusions: The results of this small study suggest that by judiciously selecting the laser pulse duration and pre-cooling and heat-sinking the epidermis in a manner that provides index matching and compression of the skin, epidermal damage can be avoided while administering the highest, most effective radiant exposures.
Article
Effective hair removal continues to pose a challenge to the physician. The use of lasers represents a significant advance in epilation, but still requires further refinement. The long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser may offer advantages over other systems because of its significant depth of penetration and minimal absorption by epidermal melanin, but ideal parameters need to be determined. To evaluate the efficacy of a long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser system and determine the optimal parameters for hair removal. Twenty-two subjects were treated with a cryogen spray-cooled long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Four adjacent sites were assigned to each subject, where the following sets of parameters were utilized: 50 J/cm2 with a 25-msec pulse duration, 60 J/cm2 with a 50-msec pulse duration, 80 J/cm2 with a 50-msec pulse duration, and control. Hair counts were obtained immediately, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment, and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the significance of hair reduction. Acute reactions and adverse events were also evaluated. Treatment at all three sets of parameters resulted in significant mean hair reductions immediately, at 1 week, and at 1 month (P <.001). At 3 months, the higher settings of 60 J/cm2 and 50 msec and 80 J/cm2 and 50 msec were statistically significant for reduced mean hair counts (P =.014, P =.042, respectively), while the lowest setting at 50 J/cm2 and 25 msec was not significant (P =.079). Patient and physician assessments suggested optimal hair reduction at the highest fluence (80 J/cm2) and longest pulse duration (50 msec). The most common acute reactions were pain during treatment, erythema, and perifollicular edema, all of which were more severe with higher fluences. The long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser is a safe and effective method of hair removal. Increased fluence (60-80 J/cm2) and longer pulse duration (50 msec) settings were generally correlated with reduced hair counts and improved clinical outcome.
Article
Recent reports indicate that laser hair removal is most effective on anagen hairs. However, no published trials have examined laser epilation after hair cycle synchronization. To evaluate the potential for enhanced laser hair removal after the induction of telogen hairs into anagen by wax epilation. We identified four 2.5-cm square areas with equivalent hair length and density on the backs of 13 dark-haired white men. To induce typically telogen hairs into anagen, two areas on each patient were wax epilated. Two weeks later, one waxed area and one unwaxed area were treated with a long-pulsed alexandrite laser. One month after laser treatment, a subjective comparison was made based on hair density, length, and thickness. In 12 of 13 patients, lasered areas that had been pretreated with wax epilation were clearer of hair as compared with areas that had been pretreated by shaving (P=0.0034). No significant difference was noted between waxed and unwaxed control areas that had not been laser treated (P=1.0). Wax epilation 2 weeks before laser hair removal improves cosmetic outcomes at 1 month. This effect may be secondary to the recruitment and heightened sensitivity of early anagen hairs.
Ellipse Relax Light 1000
  • Danish Dermatologic Development
Danish Dermatologic Development A/S: Ellipse Relax Light 1000. 1 October, 1998. Firmeneigene Geräteinformation # 8
Von der Schlafkrankheit zur Hypertrichose
  • W.-I Worret
Worret, W.-I.: Von der Schlafkrankheit zur Hypertrichose. In Zusammenfassung der Vorträge. 7. MFDK vom 30.11-01.12.2001
Laser und IPL-Technologie in der Dermatologie und Ästhetischen Medizin: 1.2. Lasertechnik
  • C Raulin
  • B Greve
Raulin C., Greve B.: Laser und IPL-Technologie in der Dermatologie und Ästhetischen Medizin: 1.2. Lasertechnik. Seite 4-8, Schattauer Verlag 2001
  • M Drosner
  • W.-I Worret
Drosner M., Worret W.-I.: Überlegungen zur permanenten Enthaarung. Kosmetische Medizin 19, Ausgabe 4, Oktober 1998.
Vorgehen beim Haarezählen mit der Transparent
  • ................................. Sheet-Methode
Abbildung 2: Vorgehen beim Haarezählen mit der Transparent-Sheet-Methode................................... 9
Alexandritlaser 2) in Form von Boxplots, die Standardabweichungen
  • ...................................................................................................................................................... Gruppen Miteinbeziehen
Abbildung 18: Darstellung der Ergebnisse der statistischen Auswertung des Vergleichs der Energiedichten zwischen 5 und 20 J/cm² mittels eines Alexandritlasers (Alexandritlaser 2) in Form von Boxplots, die Standardabweichungen, Median und die Quartile der Gruppen miteinbeziehen ........................................................................................................................................................ 33
Clinical Use Of The LightSheer™ Diode Laser System. Sonderdruck der Coherent Medical Group # 3
  • R R Anderson
Anderson R. R.: Clinical Use Of The LightSheer™ Diode Laser System. Sonderdruck der Coherent Medical Group # 3