Article

2.5D switchable metasurfaces

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Abstract

Nowadays, two-dimensional metasurfaces are widely used to control the amplitude, phase, and direction of light. However, such structures do not provide sufficient degrees of freedom, and thus, the fine adjustment of their optical properties is limited. To solve this problem, phase change materials such as GeSbTe are used. This family of materials is attractive for engineering tunable optical elements because of their non-volatile reversible phase transition and pronounced changes of the dielectric permittivity. Besides, the so-called two and a half dimensional (2.5D) metasurfaces introduce an additional degree of freedom. A fabrication of metasurface combining these two approaches and a detailed study of its photonic properties was reported. The arrangement in 2.5D geometry was tailored to match the lattice resonances to the frequency of the magnetic dipoles supported by the metasurface elements to demonstrate the effects related to the interaction between resonances of different origin. The phase change material enables the on/off switching behavior of the complex resonance effect.

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... [18] One of the main advantages of Ge2Sb2Te5 is that it is nonvolatile, meaning it retains its properties even when there is no external stimuli applied. Previously, the possibilities of using this material for active photonics have already been shown: changing the scattering spectrum and controlling magnetic and electric dipole resonance, [19,20] controlling the intensity of the second and third harmonics, [21,22] as well as for optical control of photonic circuits. [23,24] In this work, we demonstrate reversible all-optical switching of halide perovskite (CsPbBr 2 X, where X is Cl, Br, I, or their mixture) photoluminescence (PL) intensity enabled by a high-index phase-change material [23] (we used the Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 composition, hereinafter GST) working as an active thin sublayer, [25] which controls the perovskites film optical properties. ...
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Halide perovskites are a class of semiconductors with strong direct interband transition and high mobility of charge carriers resulting in bright luminescence, which can be easily tuned chemically in a broad spectral range. Moreover, perovskites can be synthesized by means of simple wet chemistry approaches on arbitrary surfaces, opening new avenues for perovskites integration with a plethora of other functional materials. Here, this work reports on a versatile platform for reversible switching of halide perovskite's optical properties enabled by high‐index phase‐change materials (Ge‐Sb‐Te) serving as an active subnanolayer, which controls the perovskite film's behavior. Based on this approach, this work demonstrates micro‐QR‐coding and switchable bright emission, whose wavelength can be adjusted in the whole visible range.
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