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Conceptual Design of a Sensorless Smart Parking Payment Solution
LoRa (Short for Long Range) is the fastest growing technology attracting researcher's interest now a days. Long battery life, long distance communication and low cost application specific devices are main focus of the engineers, LoRa is quite suitable for these requirements. IoT system includes four explicit sections for example sensors/devices, connectivity, processing of information and a user interface. The scope of communication has become the basic part on the majority of the IoT system, particularly in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth based IoT system. With the rise of LoRa technology, further enhancements to uses of the Internet of Things (IoT) can be figured it out. By utilizing a single receiver in the LoRa network, it can deal with numerous hubs at various areas inside the region, dissimilar to Wi-Fi-based framework which needs to have many access point to cover large area. Both LoRa and Wi-Fi innovation has reduced total cost of IoT framework. For the wide range coverage of IoT system, LoRa is quite useful as compared to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for short range. However, there are a few inconveniences on the speed of transmission and constraint on the size of the payload. The world when struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic, LoRa devices and the LoRaWAN protocol are playing an instrumental role in enabling public safety solutions to assist with contact tracing, ensuring healthcare regulation compliance in the workplace and addressing the needs of medical professionals. This paper presents a specialized work on LoRa/LoRaWAN innovation for IoT applications.
The increasing rate of private car usage in the urban areas as a result of fast-growing economy, derelict policies and subsidies are the main causes making car parking one of the main concerns for transport and traffic management all over the world. The coordination between parking policies and traffic management revealed how parking is becoming a barrier to the through-traffic operation. Also, it is responsible for the inefficient use of available resources, even the decisions are made on an ad-hoc basis while making policy. Hence, it is necessary to understand the parking choice behaviour and actual demand of parking space. In the last three decades, ample studies have been done to evaluate parking characteristics, to estimate the demand for parking and on driver’s behaviour while choosing the parking space. This paper integrates all these aspects and presents the state-of-the-art review of models and studies on the parking system. Problems related to and due to the parking, various parking characteristics and their applications, parking choice behaviour of drivers, development of demand models considering various factors and review of parking policies as an integral part of the urban transport system are discussed in detail. Whilst underdeveloped, authors found the literatures suggest that greater attention should be given to metrics like ease of access, walk time, parking charges, parking guidance and information system, management, etc., at all stages of planning and policy formulation. Taken together, mentioned studies demonstrate useful information concerning the entire parking system. It also provides useful information to the planners and policy makers for planning, designing and evaluating parking system.
Industry 4.0 leads to the digitalization era. Everything is digital; business models, environments, production systems, machines, operators, products and services. It’s all interconnected inside the digital scene with the corresponding virtual representation. The physical flows will be mapped on digital platforms in a continuous manner. On a higher level of automation, many systems and software are enabling factory communications with the latest trends of information and communication technologies leading to the state-of-the-art factory, not only inside but also outside factory, achieving all elements of the value chain on a real-time engagement. Everything is smart. This disruptive impact on manufacturing companies will
allow the smart manufacturing ecosystem paradigm. Industry 4.0 is the turning point to the end of the conventional centralized applications. The Industry 4.0 environment is scanned on this paper, describing the so-called enabling technologies and systems over the manufacturing environment.
Parking a vehicle in traffic dense environments often leads to excess time of driving in search for free space which leads to congestions and environmental pollution. Lack of guidance information to vacant parking spaces is one reason for inefficient parking behaviour. Smart parking sensors and technologies facilitate guidance of drivers to free parking spaces thereby improving parking efficiency. Currently, no such sensors or technologies is in use for open parking lot.
This study reviews the literature on the usage of smart parking sensors, technologies, applications and evaluates their applicability to open parking lots. Magnetometers, ultrasonic sensors and machine vision were few of the widely used sensors and technologies on closed parking lots. However, this study suggests a combination of machine vision, convolutional neural network or multi-agent systems suitable for open parking lots due to less expenditure and resistance to varied environmental conditions.
Few smart parking applications show drivers the location of common open parking lots. No application provided real-time parking occupancy information, which is a necessity to guide them along the shortest route to free space. To develop smart parking applications for open parking lots, further research is needed in the fields of deep learning and multi-agent systems.
The objective of this study is to understand how and to what extend illegal parking should be legalized, giving the benefit for parking users, urban planning, and transport planning. From literature, the policies and theories based on the lessons from other countries have provided the basis that can be applied in investigating a new parking management paradigm. Empirical surveys are conducted to examine the parking conditions, parking user’s behavior and the consequence of illegal parking spaces in the core city center in Hanoi, Vietnam. Then, the requirements of para-parking (legalization of illegal parking spaces) are formulated including the change process that involves parking authorities, parking operators, and parking users. An in-depth analyze is undertaken to look at opportunities, risks and forms of para-parking and finally a proposal for a qualitative economic impact assessment of parking facility investment is given.
LoRa (Short for Long Range) is the fastest growing technology attracting researcher's interest now a days. Long battery life, long distance communication and low cost application specific devices are main focus of the engineers, LoRa is quite suitable for these requirements. IoT system includes four explicit sections for example sensors/devices, connectivity, processing of information and a user interface. The scope of communication has become the basic part on the majority of the IoT system, particularly in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth based IoT system. With the rise of LoRa technology, further enhancements to uses of the Internet of Things (loT) can be figured it out. By utilizing a single receiver in the LoRa network, it can deal with numerous hubs at various areas inside the region, dissimilar to Wi-Fi-based framework which needs to have many access point to cover large area. Both LoRa and Wi-Fi innovation has reduced total cost of IoT framework. For the wide range coverage of IoT system, LoRa is quite useful as compared to Wi-Fi and Bluetooth for short range. However, there are a few inconveniences on the speed of transmission and constraint on the size of the payload. The world when struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic, LoRa devices and the LoRa Wanprotocol are playing an instrumental role in enabling public safety solutions to assist with contact tracing, ensuring healthcare regulation compliance in the workplace and addressing the needs of medical professionals. This paper presents a specialized work on LoRa/LoRa W Aninnovation for IoT applications.
This paper discusses an open-source solution for smart-parking in highly urbanized areas. We have conducted interviews with domain experts, defined user stories and proposed a system architecture with a case study. Our solution allows integration of independent owners of parking space into one unified system, that facilitates parking in a smart city. The adoption of such a system raises trust issues among the stakeholders involved in the management of the parking. In order to tackle such issues, we propose a smart contract-based solution encapsulating sensitive information, agreements and processes into transparent and distributed smart contracts .
Nowadays, consumers in any community in the world, desire a progressive improvement of life quality, while thinking about sustainable approaches, and the industry has been advancing, evolving to keep up with these requirements. The consumption pattern faces a continuous and nearly unpredict-able change; companies all over the word must adapt their business practices and cope with the customer needs the explicit and implicit ones. Rapid technologies upgrade, evolution and change are the actual main challenges of the industrial enterprises, data and data analytics has become a core asset related to the performance of the organizations. Industry 4.0 envisions a digital transformation in the enterprise, entwining the cyber-physical world and real world of manufacturing to deliver networked production with enhanced process transparency. The question is how about the developing countries on the African continent and in strategic geographical position such as Morocco will deal with this fourth revolution. The purpose of the current paper is to question the readiness of Morocco and highlight the challenges it faces to integrate the Industry 4.0.
In this work, we propose to develop an intelligent parking management system utilizing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The system can detect empty parking spaces by the reader mounted on the drone, and guide vehicles looking for a parking space to the nearest one. Our design can also calculate the parking fee based on time duration between the arrival and the departure of the parking vehicle, and charge to the owner automatically. We believe that the proposed system has numerous unique advantages over other solutions, such as camera-based system and those that requires sensors installed for each parking space. We hope that the idea can be quickly realized through this project and put into real use in the near future.
Parking woes in developing countries
- A Vasallo