Factors affecting the private higher education demand in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq for 2021 'Analytical study': Analytical study
Abstract
This study aims to analyse and measure the most significant factors, which are affecting the demand for educational services in private universities and institutes in the Kurdistan Region. To investigate the objectives of the study, it is adopted the descriptive and quantitative approach depending on a questionnaire as a main tool for the study. The study population would be all families whose one of their members were admitted to private universities and institutes in the Kurdistan Region. With regard to samples, it used Stratified random sampling represented by students of private Universities and institutes and their families in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, which amounted to (724) families in the year (2021). The findings indicated that all the factors, which were taken in the study, have a significant effect on the demand for private higher education in both universities and institutes. It can be seen that the factors related to the quality of private Universities and Institutes attained the largest mean agreement of (2.42) with a standard deviation of (0.38). Whereas, social factors ranked last, with an average of (2.17), with a standard deviation of (0.448). As for the relative significance of these factors, the study illustrated that the first factor represented by (social, quality of universities and institutes, institutional and governmental factors) explained 15.9% of the changes occurring in the "factors affecting the applying for private higher education in the Kurdistan Region." Moreover, the second factor is represented by the political and other factors, which explained 43.5% of these changes. The third factor represented by the economic factors explained 17.7% of the changes occurring in these factors. The study provides several recommendations: Firstly, concentrate on upgrading the language and curricula in universities and private institutes as well as opening new academic departments that meet labour market needs in a way that can compete with government and foreign universities and institutes. In addition, it is also essential to subject these universities and institutions to more oversight and supervision in terms of admitting a required number of students proportional to the number of professors, classrooms, and laboratories.
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A huge investment is required to cater these needs. But in India, lack
of sufficient funds continues to be a major hurdle. So government of India adopted privatization in justification of
availability and mobilization of resources to expand higher education.
The aim of this research is to determine the factors affecting individual education demands at the entrance to university. The research is in survey model. The universe of the study consists of 1630 freshmen at the faculties and vocational schools of Adnan Menderes University, Aydin. 574 students from 7 schools were included in the sample. The data were gathered by "the scale of the factors affecting individual education demands at the entrance to university", which is a likert type scale developed by the researcher. The scale consists of 8 dimensions. Findings of the study show that student views on factors affecting individual education demands at the entrance to university do not have a meaningful difference in terms of sex in any dimensions. Meaningful differences were found in the individual satisfaction dimension in terms of whether students have permanent illnesses, in the "diversion and sheltering" sub-dimension in terms of whether their mothers work or not, in the "diversion" sub-dimension in terms of the parents' world views, and in the "employing" sub-dimension in terms of age. The dimension which has the lowest mean among the students' opinions regarding the factors affecting individual education demand in entering to university is "publicity" and the dimension which has the highest mean is the "personal satisfaction." © 2010 Eǧitim Danişmanliǧi ve Araştirmalari İletişim Hizmetleri Tic. Ltd. Şti.
We observe a wide range across countries in the percentage of total enrollments that attend private rather than public schools. This paper seeks to explain 1) the systematically higher proportion of private enrollments (%PVT) in developing as compared with developed countries at the secondary level, and 2) the seemingly random variation across countries within a given level of education and stage of development. I argue that the latter is due to differentiated demand and nonprofit supply, both of which stem from cultural heterogeneity, especially religious heterogeneity. In contrast, the large%PVT at the secondary level in developing countries is hypothesized to stem from limited public spending, which creates an "excess demand" from people who would prefer to use the public schools but are involuntarily excluded and pushed into the private sector. The limited public spending on secondary education, in turn, is modelled as a collective decision which is strongly influenced by the many families who opt for quantity over quality of children, in developing countries. The results of regressions that determine private sector size recursively and simultaneously with public educational spending are consistent with these hypotheses.
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