No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Crafting an IoT-Ecosystem -A Three-Phased Approach
Abstract
The Internet of Things acts as a seed for enterprises to collaborate and create new value. This value creation is often concentrated in big enterprises that command large amounts of resources. The craft sector's small and medium sized enterprises struggle to adopt such new technologies. Lacking resources and in-house capabilities, they increasingly rely on services provided by large enterprises. Collaboration among equals can offer an alternative path for these small and medium sized enterprises. Combining their strengths in an IoT-ecosystem is one way to overcome these limitations. We conducted a case study in the electrical engineering craft to build such an IoT-ecosystem. Participating organizations planned how to develop the existing ecosystem into an IoT-ecosystem. This process was observed to be structured into a status quo and three sequential phases. Our research shows, that sharing data can act as the initial phase to unlock new value in an existing ecosystem. Every enterprise can then work on connecting its clients' systems to enable an eventual opening to join the IoT-ecosystem. This three-phased approach offers enterprises a tool to work towards an IoT-ecosystem. Researchers can apply the three-phased approach as an analytic tool to reason about progress towards an IoT-ecosystem.
... Third, interoperability between organizations plays a crucial role in data sharing. While organizations lack system standardization within and across organizations, interoperability from a technological (e.g., system interoperability through APIs), a semantic (e.g., standardized data types and labeling), an organizational (e.g., data governance processes), and a legal perspective (e.g., legal compliance) are indispensable prerequisites to data sharing (de Corbière & Rowe, 2013;Frick & Schubert, 2011;Hutterer & Krumay, 2022;Kurrle et al., 2022;Marrella et al., 2019;I1;I5;I8;I9). Hence, they should strive to apply existing standards from all four perspectives and actively contribute their knowledge and experience to setting novel standards (Bastiaansen et al., 2020;Ure et al., 2009;Witte et al., 2020;I3). ...
In a constantly evolving digital sphere, surmounting organizational boundaries and sharing data offers the opportunity to realize a multitude of mutual benefits, such as advanced analytics and innovative services. Organizations aspire to share data. However, they struggle to identify and establish beneficial conditions for data sharing, and research still offers little support to exploit the potential of data sharing. We apply an exploratory research approach to develop a framework of beneficial conditions for data sharing. By combining ten expert interviews and a systematic literature review, we aggregate 23 characteristics that constitute beneficial conditions into eight categories and apply and validate the framework in a real-world case. Thus, we contribute to research by providing a fundamental understanding of beneficial conditions for data sharing and a compact target picture. Additionally, we enable practitioners to systematically assess an organization's current condition to set the course toward exploiting the full potential of data sharing.
SMEs in main construction and finishing trade (CAB) are essential for Germany’s construction industry yet struggling with digitalization. Despite the opportunity to create new value in this area only one interviewed platform provider of a former research had the educational background of a master craftsman in CAB. In this paper we characterized 48 platforms and their 68 entrepreneurs in different features. One finding is that most platforms provide their services as order procurement or operations management platforms both tackling challenges in the value creation process of planning and coordination within the organization and in cooperation with others. Considering the entrepreneurs, only three of them have a CAB apprenticeship background. Despite doing the physical work they barely participate in digital value creation. However, there are still enough opportunities in the platform market as entrepreneurs use the benefit of their knowledge about their own field.
Internet of Things (IoT) should not be seen only as a cost reduction mechanism for manufacturing companies; instead, it should be seen as the basis for transition to a new business model that monetizes the data from an intelligent ecosystem. In this regard, deciphering the operation of the value creation system and finding the balance between the digital strategy and the deployment of technological platforms, are the main motivations behind this research. To achieve the proposed objectives, systems theory has been adopted in the conceptualization stage, later, fuzzy logic has been used to structure a subsystem for the evaluation of input parameters. Subsequently, system dynamics have been used to build a computational representation and later, through dynamic simulation, the model has been adjusted according to iterations and the identified limits of the system. Finally, with the obtained set of results, different value creation and capture behaviors have been identified. The simulation model, based on the conceptualization of the system and the mathematical representation of the value function, allows to establish a frame of reference for the evaluation of the behaviour of IoT ecosystems in the context of the connected home.
An IoT ecosystem includes IoT network components , network services and network participants such as organizations , consumers, governments, and businesses. Due to its diversity and scale, trustworthiness is a critical concern to be considered during architectural design and the operational phase of these ecosystems. To do this, security, privacy, reliability , resilience and safety must be assured. However, existing solutions partially address these requirements using centralized approaches that come with challenges such as a single point of failure, scalability, and dependence on a third party. In this context, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) and Smart Contracts, due to its intrinsic properties of transparency, im-mutability, and underlying secure-by-design architecture, allows distributed, decentralized, automated workflows, which can be incorporated to automate the management of the next generation IoT networks. In this paper, we propose a framework for IoT ecosystems providing seamless integration between IoT and DLT to create a decentralized trusted architecture, which ensures trustworthiness of IoT ecosystems at design time and a trust reputation model based on the architecture to protect it during the run-time. Furthermore, we have presented the initial steps towards the implementation of this framework.
Changing market dynamics and the rising influence of digitalization increase the demand for digital offerings. Companies innovate their business models and pool their competences in ecosystems to manage digital transformation successfully. In contrast to influential global players, small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs) face a different starting position. Due to their limited resources and weak integration in networks, their potential cannot be fully exploited yet. We take an explorative, qualitative research approach to investigate how roles in ecosystems and digitalization approaches of SMEs are related. The findings are based on eleven in-depth interviews with experts. The analysis suggests that the SMEs' roles in ecosystems set the frame for digitalization approaches. Depending on the role, different stages of digitalization are accessible and higher stages can be reached by strategic development in the ecosystem. The work contributes to the understanding of the construct "ecosystems" and its applicability in the context of SMEs' and their digitalization.
Digital transformation is continuously changing ecosystems, which also forces established companies to re-evaluate their value proposition. However, only transformations of single ecosystems have been studied. Therefore, this work targets to examine the similarities of digital transformation in five platform ecosystems: automotive, blockchain, financial, insurance, and IIoT. For our analysis, we combine the strengths of conceptual modeling using e3 value with a cluster analysis based on text mining to identify similarities in the respective ecosystems. As a result, we identified 15 clusters. Cluster 01 is the core cluster, containing the roles of organizations from all five ecosystems. Cluster 02–05 are intertwined, as they include roles from at least two ecosystems. Clusters 06–15 are ecosystem-specific that only include roles found in one ecosystem. Scholars and practitioners can use these clusters when analyzing or building a new platform ecosystem, or transforming a traditional ecosystem towards a platform ecosystem.
Ecosystems as a modern concept of interorganisational networks are often discussed in current information systems research. There is a lot of investigation in the field of behaviouristic information system research. However, when designing ecosystems there is not much guidance and methodical support. In particular , modelling methods as a specific methodical support for ecosystem design are rare. Based on a literature review, this paper introduces specific types and characteristics of ecosystems. As a first step towards a comprehensive modelling framework, we use these types to propose views for the modelling of ecosystems. The framework organizes the modelling of ecosystems in three aspects: goal modelling, ecosystem modelling and platform modelling.
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) poses several implications on manufacturers in terms of economic, ecological, and social aspects referring to the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) of sustainable value creation. Due to its technical core, the current research focused on its technical fundamentals, whereas the economic discussion is still in its infancy. This paper aims at painting a comprehensive and structured picture of IIoT-related economic, ecological, and social benefits and challenges. For this purpose, we employ an exploratory multiple case study approach based on semi-structured expert interviews in 46 manufacturing companies from three leading German industries. Our study contributes to the sparse body of scientific IIoT literature by analysing the IIoT’s implications according to the TBL. We show that, in order to qualify for sustainable industrial value creation, the IIoT requires an extension of the established TBL by three further dimensions, i.e., technical integration, data and information, and public context.
Nowadays, along with the application of new-generation information technologies in industry and manufacturing, the big data-driven manufacturing era is coming. However, although various big data in the entire product lifecycle, including product design, manufacturing, and service, can be obtained, it can be found that the current research on product lifecycle data mainly focuses on physical products rather than virtual models. Besides, due to the lack of convergence between product physical and virtual space, the data in product lifecycle is isolated, fragmented, and stagnant, which is useless for manufacturing enterprises. These problems lead to low level of efficiency, intelligence, sustainability in product design, manufacturing, and service phases. However, physical product data, virtual product data, and connected data that tie physical and virtual product are needed to support product design, manufacturing, and service. Therefore, how to generate and use converged cyber-physical data to better serve product lifecycle, so as to drive product design, manufacturing, and service to be more efficient, smart, and sustainable, is emphasized and investigated based on our previous study on big data in product lifecycle management. In this paper, a new method for product design, manufacturing, and service driven by digital twin is proposed. The detailed application methods and frameworks of digital twin-driven product design, manufacturing, and service are investigated. Furthermore, three cases are given to illustrate the future applications of digital twin in the three phases of a product respectively.
According to a 2015 survey by IoT Nexus 1 , 77% of professionals surveyed believe that interoperability is the largest challenge facing the Industrial Internet. However, “Interoperability” (enabling interactions through common interfaces based on common conceptual models and shared context) is only a first step toward meeting the need. In addition, what is required is “Composability”: a shared understanding between components of their behavior – necessary if the promise of the industrial Internet of Things – ad hoc applications composed by end users – is to be realized. This article explores the requirements for a connected, interoperable environment in the age of the Industrial Internet. It then reviews the approaches that have been used in addressing similar problems in the consumer/commercial Internet, identifies the foundational concepts and unique challenges for these problems in the Industrial Internet, and suggests a roadmap toward realizing the interoperability and composability the Industrial Internet will require.
The paper motivates, presents, demonstrates in use, and evaluates a methodology for conducting design science (DS) research in information systems (IS). DS is of importance in a discipline oriented to the creation of successful artifacts. Several researchers have pioneered DS research in IS, yet over the past 15 years, little DS research has been done within the discipline. The lack of a methodology to serve as a commonly accepted framework for DS research and of a template for its presentation may have contributed to its slow adoption. The design science research methodology (DSRM) presented here incorporates principles, practices, and procedures required to carry out such research and meets three objectives: it is consistent with prior literature, it provides a nominal process model for doing DS research, and it provides a mental model for presenting and evaluating DS research in IS. The DS process includes six steps: problem identification and motivation, definition of the objectives for a solution, design and development, demonstration, evaluation, and communication. We demonstrate and evaluate the methodology by presenting four case studies in terms of the DSRM, including cases that present the design of a database to support health assessment methods, a software reuse measure, an Internet video telephony application, and an IS planning method. The designed methodology effectively satisfies the three objectives and has the potential to help aid the acceptance of DS research in the IS discipline.
Trade associations work to influence regulation, government policy, and public opinion on behalf of the collective needs and objectives of their members. They also serve as agents for disseminating and exchanging information within industries, and often act as informal regulators by setting voluntary standards of behavior for industry members. Yet, despite the obvious importance of trade associations for firms, industries, and societies, management and organization researchers have devoted surprisingly little attention to understanding them. In this essay, we argue that researchers must develop a deeper understanding of their purpose, sources of influence, and impact on companies, industries, and society. We go on to discuss three examples of areas of management research—institutional theory, collective identity, and nonmarket strategy—where we believe trade associations are of particular relevance and where existing theoretical perspectives remain limited without an explicit consideration of these important organizations.
Science is a cumulative endeavour as new knowledge is often created in the process of interpreting
and combining existing knowledge. This is why literature reviews have long played a decisive role in
scholarship. The quality of literature reviews is particularly determined by the literature search process.
As Sir Isaac Newton eminently put it: “If I can see further, it is because I am standing on the
shoulders of giants.” Drawing on this metaphor, the goal of writing a literature review is to reconstruct
the giant of accumulated knowledge in a specific domain. And in doing so, a literature search
represents the fundamental first step that makes up the giant’s skeleton and largely determines its reconstruction
in the subsequent literature analysis. In this paper, we argue that the process of searching
the literature must be comprehensibly described. Only then can readers assess the exhaustiveness
of the review and other scholars in the field can more confidently (re)use the results in their own research.
We set out to explore the methodological rigour of literature review articles published in ten
major information systems (IS) journals and show that many of these reviews do not thoroughly document
the process of literature search. The results drawn from our analysis lead us to call for more
rigour in documenting the literature search process and to present guidelines for crafting a literature
review and search in the IS domain.
This paper introduces a framework for conducting and writing an effective literature review. The target audience for the framework includes information systems (IS) doctoral students, novice IS researchers, and other IS researchers who are constantly struggling with the development of an effective literature-based foundation for a proposed research. The proposed framework follows the systematic data processing approach comprised of three major stages: 1) inputs (literature gathering and screening), 2) processing (following Bloom's Taxonomy), and 3) outputs (writing the literature review). This paper provides the rationale for developing a solid literature review including detailed instructions on how to conduct each stage of the process proposed. The paper concludes by providing arguments for the value of an effective literature review to IS research.
The article describes an approach of systematic, rule guided qualitative text analysis, which tries to preserve some methodological strengths of quantitative content analysis and widen them to a concept of qualitative procedure. First the development of content analysis is delineated and the basic principles are explained (units of analysis, step models, working with categories, validity and reliability). Then the central procedures of qualitative content analysis, inductive development of categories and deductive application of categories, are worked out. The possibilities of computer programs in supporting those qualitative steps of analysis are shown and the possibilities and limits of the approach are discussed. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0002204
The paper analyses different forms of region bound innovation and cooperation amongst small and medium sized firms of the German craft sector, mainly engaged in ?traditional? branches. The analysis is based on a recent questionnaire survey covering all trade groups of the craft sector and a comparison group of competitors in the industrial sector. Further data are generated through case studies in selected trades as well as through the analyses of published statistics and results of former research. The focus is on different strategies to cope with the challenges of present structural change: Which type of innovation are dominant in different craft trades, in firms of different size and in different places? To what an extent and in which way do the craft firms organise their innovation processes in collaboration with other firms? Which cooperation strategies do they follow in order to manage the trade-off between access to greater resources and loss of information to (regional) competitors? Which role do intermediary organisations play in the innovation process? The German craft sector (?Handwerk?) is defined by law as encompassing certain categorised occupations and currently includes 94 trades (?Gewerbe?) in 7 trade groups. Traditionally craft firms are SME and they are closely attached to intermediary organisations such as district based guilds, region based chambers, national professional associations. The sector provides facilities for vocational training for about one third of all German apprentices. Craft activity includes artistically creative trades as well as the mass production of goods, construction work and the provision of a wide range of services. Most of the trades serve the local and regional markets. A remarkable number of specialised firms ? in some trades strongly clustered - also serve the national and partly the international market. Between 1994/95 and 2002 the sector as a whole faced a remarkable loss. Its share in the gross added value dimin
Much has been written about networks, strategic alliances, and virtual organizations. Yet these currently popular frameworks provide little systematic assistance when it comes to out-innovating the competition. That's because most managers still view the problem in the old way: companies go head-to-head in an industry, battling for market share. James Moore sets up a new metaphor for competition drawn from the study of biology and social systems. He suggests that a company be viewed not as a member of a single industry but as a part of a business ecosystem that crosses a variety of industries. In a business ecosystem, companies "co-evolve" around a new innovation, working cooperatively and competitively to support new products and satisfy customer needs. Apple Computer, for example, leads an ecosystem that covers personal computers, consumer electronics, information, and communications. In any larger business environment, several ecosystems may vie for survival and dominance, such as the IBM and Apple ecosystems in personal computers or Wal-Mart and K mart in discount retailing. In fact, it's largely competition among business ecosystems, not individual companies, that's fueling today's industrial transformation. Managers can't afford to ignore the birth of new ecosystems or the competition among those that already exist. Whether that means investing in the right new technology, signing on suppliers to expand a growing business, developing crucial elements of value to maintain leadership, or incorporating new innovations to fend off obsolescence, executives must understand the evolutionary stages all business ecosystems go through and, more important, how to direct those changes.
This paper analyzes whether competition law can help to solve problems of access to data and interoperability in Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems, where often one firm has exclusive control of the data produced by a smart device (and of the technical access to this device). Such a gatekeeper position can lead to the elimination of competition for aftermarket and other complementary services in such IoT ecosystems. This problem is analyzed both from an economic and a legal perspective and also generally for IoT ecosystems as well as for the much discussed problems of “access to in-vehicle data and resources” in connected cars, where the “extended vehicle” concept of the car manufacturers leads to such positions of exclusive control. The paper analyzes, in particular, the competition rules about abusive behavior of dominant firms (Art. 102 TFEU) and of firms with “relative market power” (§ 20 (1) GWB) in German competition law. These provisions might offer (if appropriately applied and amended) at least some solutions for these data access problems. Competition law, however, might not be sufficient for dealing with all or most of these problems, that is, that also additional solutions might be needed (data portability, direct data (access) rights, or sector-specific regulation).
Smart speakers illustrate how in consumer Internet of Things physical assets have a digital twin stored on digital platforms. The numerous skills across different vendors in the system of smart speakers are one example of added value in platform-based ecosystems. Based on the three-tier architecture of the Industrial Internet Consortium we illustrate the principles of consumer Internet of Things and transfer them to the Industrial Internet of Things. With our developed multi-stage approach enterprises have a guidance how they can use their Business Capabilities to generate added value in platform-based ecosystems. Therein, Business Capabilities create the link between technology and business model. The developed approach is applied and evaluated in a case study in the context of industrial service. Beyond this paper, the approach is currently applied to other cases outside the industrial sector, such as additive manufacturing and catering.
Practised and passed on within a coherent legal and practical framework, the crafts, or Handwerk, are a notable educational and economic force in Germany. Here the understanding of crafts is skill-based, wide-ranging and utilitarian, and they include such varied crafts professions as butchers, bakers, plumbers and hairdressers. German crafts are organized in a clearly defined “Crafts and Trades system” the core principle of which is quality in the making and maintenance of things. Quality is conceived to reside in human skills and is certified in the Master-of-craft designation. In order to pass on the skills to sustain quality, Handwerk collaborates with the German state and industry to maintain apprenticeships within the extensive vocational education system and actively develops lifelong education. In 2016, the turnover of the sector was 561 billion euros before VAT (7.7% of national gross value), and around one million crafts companies were active and listed in the national crafts register (28.8% of active German enterprises). Around 5.45 million people were employed in the sector and 363 thousand apprentices enrolled in the vocational education and training (VET) system of the crafts, representing 12.5% of the workforce and 27.4% of those in higher education.
This paper studies the functional specialization of SMEs’ technological competence and its moderating role in the effect of external R&D on their innovative performance. Technological competence consists of many functional dimensions such as basic research, product architecture, process construction, testing, and evaluation, which constitute a sequence of innovation tasks. The specialization of technological competence allows SMEs to utilize economies of specialization in R&D, enhance their bargaining power and appropriability conditions in the process of external R&D, and attract promising R&D partners. However, competence specialization may hamper SMEs’ capabilities to coordinate and integrate diverse external R&D projects. Using a sample of SMEs in Korean manufacturing industries, we find the following results. First, competence specialization positively moderates the effect of external R&D on SMEs’ innovative performance. Second, the positive moderating effect of competence specialization diminishes as the share of external R&D increases. Third, the moderating effect of competence specialization differs across industries depending on the degree of market dominance by a few large firms (i.e., market concentration) and the novelty of technologies pursued by SMEs in each industry.
We explore the organizational characteristics of trade associations (TAs) and suggest theoretical approaches for undertaking research into or involving TAs in management and organization studies. Through emphasizing the role of TAs within and between industries and at the interface of business and society, we consider how TAs generate meaning and influence.
Currently, the IoT discussion is focused primarily on the operational phase. This includes how a IoT device behaves, operates, communicates, and interacts with other IoT devices during operation. However, IoT devices and systems have other lifecycle phases before and after operation. This extended abstract provides an overview of how other IoT lifecycle phases (e.g., design and service) can be improved with information feedback and feedforward flows between them. Digital Twins are a new mechanism to manage IoT devices and IoT systems-of-systems throughout their lifecycle. We present our vision on the industrial IoT lifecycle managed and optimized at scale via Digital Twins.
Platform Ecosystems is a hands-on guide that offers a complete roadmap for designing and orchestrating vibrant software platform ecosystems. Unlike software products that are managed, the evolution of ecosystems and their myriad participants must be orchestrated through a thoughtful alignment of architecture and governance. Whether you are an IT professional or a general manager, you will benefit from this book because platform strategy here lies at the intersection of software architecture and business strategy. It offers actionable tools to develop your own platform strategy, backed by original research, tangible metrics, rich data, and cases. You will learn how architectural choices create organically-evolvable, vibrant ecosystems. You will also learn to apply state-of-the-art research in software engineering, strategy, and evolutionary biology to leverage ecosystem dynamics unique to platforms. Read this book to learn how to: Evolve software products and services into vibrant platform ecosystems. Orchestrate platform architecture and governance to sustain competitive advantage. Govern platform evolution using a powerful 3-dimensional framework. If you're ready to transform platform strategy from newspaper gossip and business school theory to real-world competitive advantage, start right here! Understand how architecture and strategy are inseparably intertwined in platform ecosystems. Architect future-proof platforms and apps and amplify these choices through governance. Evolve platforms, apps, and entire ecosystems into vibrant successes and spot platform opportunities in almost any-not just IT-industry.
The aim of this paper is to show the concept of Cyber Physical Logistics Systems (CPLS). The individual parts are based on already existing solutions, either industrial products or research demonstrators both based on the concept of the Internet of Things. After listing new requirements and opportunities of these CPLS and the basic technology layers, a real-world scenario is used to illustrate the development. The presented distribution center is composed of cooperating systems, able to operate autonomously or in cooperation and in a flexible way. Finally the benefits of CPLS are discussed.
In the near future, it will be possible that every object on Earth can be identifiable and addressable. Such objects will be able to be monitored and monitor their physical environments, and of executing actions on such environments in benefit of human users. Moreover, these so-called smart objects will be endowed with wireless communication capabilities. By being uniquely addressed, wireless endowed and through the use of existing protocols and standardized formats, smart things can be integrated in the Internet and accessed as any other Web resource. In this context, the Internet of Things (IoT) emerges as a paradigm in which smart things actively collaborate among them and with other physical and virtual objects available in the Web, providing value-added information and functionalities for users. The IoT paradigm has recently showed its potential of considerably impacting the daily lives of human beings mainly due to the use and interaction of physical devices in several domains, including complex systems composed of other systems. In this paper we discuss the IoT paradigm from the perspective of Systems-of-Systems and present EcoDiF, a IoT platform that integrates heterogeneous devices to provide real-time data control, visualization, processing, and storage. In EcoDiF, devices, information, users and applications are integrated to create an IoT ecosystem in which new ideas and products can be developed in an organic way.
The recent discourse on IOT (Internet of Things) has emphasized technology and different technology layers. Currently, there is a pressing need for research into the emerging IOT ecosystems from the business perspective. This is due to their promise to create new business models, improve business processes, and reduce costs and risks. However, the existing literature lacks understanding and empirical research on what IOT business models are and how they are connected to the underlying ecosystem. We focus on this critical research gap by studying business models in the IOT ecosystem context. In the study, we construct a framework for analyzing different types of IOT business models. Furthermore, we use case examples from the automotive industry in explaining how these models are employed in connection with ecosystems. The study concludes by giving suggestions to business model developers and researchers.
Innovation depends on new ideas entering an organization and being translated into something implemented and used. This article identifies the determinants of this knowledge acquisition and transfer. Knowledge is diffused through a variety of networks. One potentially important network is formed by professional associations, which diffuse a specific body of knowledge to practitioners and create informal networks of weak ties, linking members from different organizations. A survey of a particular association's members is used to identify the variables that predict the level of two types of technological innovation. Results show that professional association networks are important for innovation in specific, operational technologies, although internal communication factors and organization size are also significant predictors. For more complex technologies that have implications for the overall philosophy of operations, different predictors—the existence of a technology strategy, the level of external communication, and the level of influence of individuals—are relevant.
Ubiquitous sensing enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies cuts
across many areas of modern day living. This offers the ability to measure,
infer and understand environmental indicators, from delicate ecologies and
natural resources to urban environments. The proliferation of these devices in
a communicating-actuating network creates the Internet of Things (IoT),
wherein, sensors and actuators blend seamlessly with the environment around us,
and the information is shared across platforms in order to develop a common
operating picture (COP). Fuelled by the recent adaptation of a variety of
enabling device technologies such as RFID tags and readers, near field
communication (NFC) devices and embedded sensor and actuator nodes, the IoT has
stepped out of its infancy and is the the next revolutionary technology in
transforming the Internet into a fully integrated Future Internet. As we move
from www (static pages web) to web2 (social networking web) to web3 (ubiquitous
computing web), the need for data-on-demand using sophisticated intuitive
queries increases significantly. This paper presents a cloud centric vision for
worldwide implementation of Internet of Things. The key enabling technologies
and application domains that are likely to drive IoT research in the near
future are discussed. A cloud implementation using Aneka, which is based on
interaction of private and public clouds is presented. We conclude our IoT
vision by expanding on the need for convergence of WSN, the Internet and
distributed computing directed at technological research community.
Research in IT must address the design tasks faced by practitioners. Real problems must be properly conceptualized and represented, appropriate techniques for their solution must be constructed, and solutions must be implemented and evaluated using appropriate criteria. If significant progress is to be made, IT research must also develop an understanding of how and why IT systems work or do not work. Such an understanding must tie together natural laws governing IT systems with natural laws governing the environments in which they operate. This paper presents a two dimensional framework for research in information technology. The first dimension is based on broad types of design and natural science research activities: build, evaluate, theorize, and justify. The second dimension is based on broad types of outputs produced by design research: representational constructs, models, methods, and instantiations. We argue that both design science and natural science activities are needed to insure that IT research is both relevant and effective.
In this article I propose a monopolistic competition framework to analyze the effects of different disclosure rules used by trade associations on the incentives to share information and on the welfare of consumers, firms, and society. This framework is appropriate whenever a single firm cannot influence aggregate market magnitudes, and serves as a benchmark for the analysis of information-pooling agreements abstracting from strategic considerations. I report two main results. First, a policy of nonexclusionary disclosure destroys the incentives to share information, while exclusionary disclosure preserves them. Second, information sharing increases expected total surplus with Cournot competition but decreases it with Bertrand competition in the context of a Quadratic-Normal model with demand uncertainty.
Support vector machines (SVMs) are becoming popular in a wide variety of biological applications. But, what exactly are SVMs and how do they work? And what are their most promising applications in the life sciences?
Ecosystem as structure
- R Adner
Adner, R. 2017. "Ecosystem as structure," Journal of Management 43.1, pp. 39-58.
Innovation and their impact on growth of SME-Empirical evidence from craft dominated industries in Germany
- D Engel
- M Rothgang
- L Trettin
Engel, D., Rothgang, M., and Trettin, L. 2004. "Innovation and their impact on growth of SME-Empirical
evidence from craft dominated industries in Germany," EARIE 2004 Conference, pp. 2-5.
A systematic mapping study on business ecosystem types
- A Faber
- M Riemhofer
- S.-V Rehm
- G Bondel
Faber, A., Riemhofer, M., Rehm, S.-V., and Bondel, G. 2019. "A systematic mapping study on business
ecosystem types," Americas Conference on Information Systems (AMCIS), Cancún.
- U Faber
- M Grapentin
- M Wettingfeld
Faber, U., Grapentin, M., and Wettingfeld, M. 2012. Prüfung elektrischer Anlagen und Betriebsmittel-Grundlagen und Methoden. vol. 3, VDE-Schriftenreihe -Normen verständlich Volume 124.
Integrating IoT Devices into Business Processes
- C Friedow
- M Völker
- M Hewelt
Friedow, C., Völker, M., and Hewelt, M. 2018. "Integrating IoT Devices into Business Processes", in:
Matulevičius R., Dijkman R. (eds) Advanced Information Systems Engineering Workshops. CAiSE
2018. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 316., Cham, Switzerland: Springer.
Industrial Internet Consortium pivots to reflect maturity of IoT marketplace
- A Hevner
- S Chatterjee
- Springer
- Boston
- M Iansiti
- R Levien
Hevner, A., and Chatterjee, S. 2010. Design science research in information systems. Springer, Boston.
Iansiti, M., and Levien, R. 2004. "Strategy as ecology," Harvard Business Review 82.3, pp. 68-78.
Industry IoT Consortium. 2020. "Industrial Internet Consortium pivots to reflect maturity of IoT
marketplace," (https://www.iiconsortium.org/press-room/08-17-21.htm, Industrial IoT Consortium,
accessed January 25, 2022).
Strategic management journal 39
- M G Jacobides
- C Cennamo
- A Gawer
Jacobides, M. G., Cennamo, C., and Gawer, A. 2018. "Towards a theory of ecosystems," Strategic
management journal 39.8, pp. 2255-2276.
- S.-W Lin
- B Miller
- J Durand
- G Bleakley
- A Chigani
- R Martin
Lin, S.-W., Miller, B., Durand, J., Bleakley, G., Chigani, A., and Martin, R., et al. 2017. "The industrial
internet of things volume G1: reference architecture," Industrial Internet Consortium.
Defining an Internet-of-Things ecosystem
- O Mazhelis
- E Luoma
- H Warma
Mazhelis, O., Luoma, E., and Warma, H. 2012. "Defining an Internet-of-Things ecosystem," in Lecture
Notes in Computer Science, volume 7469 LNCS, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.
Requirements to Enable Platform-based Ecosystems in the Craft Sector
- A Rauhut
- S Hiller
- H Lasi
Rauhut, A., Hiller, S., and Lasi, H. 2021. "Requirements to Enable Platform-based Ecosystems in the Craft
Sector," Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2021).
- S Rudnik
Rudnik, S. 2022. Prüfung elektrischer Anlagen und Ausrüstungen. vol 2, VDE-Schriftenreihe -Normen
verständlich Volume 163.
Business models for interoperable IoT ecosystems
- W Schladofsky
- J Mitic
- A P Megner
- C Simonato
- L Gioppo
- D Leonardos
Schladofsky, W., Mitic, J., Megner, A. P., Simonato, C., Gioppo, L., and Leonardos, D., et al. 2016. "Business
models for interoperable IoT ecosystems," International Workshop on interoperability and Open-Source Solutions, Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 91-106.
The internet of things
- A Sunyaev
Sunyaev, A. 2020. "The internet of things," Internet Computing, Springer, Cham, 301-337.
Entrepreneurship, innovation, and platforms (Advances in Strategic Management 37
- D J Teece
Teece, D. J. 2017. "Dynamic Capabilities and (Digital) Platform Lifecycles," Entrepreneurship, innovation,
and platforms (Advances in Strategic Management 37), J. Furman, A. Gawer, B. Silverman, and S,
Stern (eds.), Emerald Publishing Limited.
- R K Yin
Yin, R. K. 2018. Case Study Research and Applications. Design and Methods. vol.6, Thousand Oaks, CA.:
SAGE Publications.