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Technical Guidance for Making Budget Plans in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency

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In building a village infrastructure, it is necessary to calculate the costs contained in the Budget Plan (RAB) according to the standards set by the government. The RAB provides an overview of the costs required to construct a structure or building. In addition, from the calculation of the RAB, it can also be seen that the building material requirements, manpower, and the schedule needed to complete the project. The purpose of this technical guidance is to increase the role and understanding of village officers and youth organizations in making RAB. Technical guidance is carried out by providing explanations and technical assistance directly to partners in making the RAB for the physical infrastructure project for the concrete pavement access to the mosque. The results of the technical guidance showed that there was an increase in the understanding of partners in making RAB by 70%. In addition, 50% of partners believe that they can independently make RAB for a similar project. Armed with this understanding, it is hoped that in the future partners can play a greater role in the village's physical development process starting at the planning, construction, and supervision stages of the project.
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Technical Guidance for Making Budget Plans in Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency
Hendra Masvika1 Hani Purwanti1
1 Universitas Semarang, Indonesia
Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani, 6 (1) 2022, 72 94
JURNAL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MADANI
http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/jpm/index
* Corresponding Author.
hendramasvika@usm.ac.id (Hendra Masvi-
ka)
ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received: 4th September 2021
Accepted: 8th June 2022
Published: 1st July 2022
In building a village infrastructure, it is necessary to calculate the
costs contained in the Budget Plan (RAB) according to the standards
set by the government. The RAB provides an overview of the costs re-
quired to construct a structure or building. In addition, from the calcu-
lation of the RAB, it can also be seen that the building material re-
quirements, manpower, and the schedule needed to complete the pro-
ject. The purpose of this technical guidance is to increase the role and
understanding of village officers and youth organizations in making
RAB. Technical guidance is carried out by providing explanations and
technical assistance directly to partners in making the RAB for the
physical infrastructure project for the concrete pavement access to the
mosque. The results of the technical guidance showed that there was an
increase in the understanding of partners in making RAB by 70%. In
addition, 50% of partners believe that they can independently make
RAB for a similar project. Armed with this understanding, it is hoped
that in the future partners can play a greater role in the village's physi-
cal development process starting at the planning, construction, and
supervision stages of the project.
Keywords:
Village Infrastructure, RAB,
Building Material, and
Physical Infrastructure Project.
ISSN
2580-4332 (online)
DOI: doi.org/10.21009/JPMM.006.1.05
How to cite: Masvika, H., & Purwanti, H. (2022). Technical Guidance for Making Budget Plans in
Kedungrejo Village, Rembang Regency. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani (JPMM), 6(1),
72-94. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPMM.006.1.05.
72
INTRODUCTION
Located between the main roads of Rembang Regency and Blora Regency, Kedungrejo Vil-
lage, which has a population of 2,438 people and consists of 4 hamlets, is one of the villages that is
strategically located from an economic perspective (Pemkab Rembang, 2012). The Rembang-Blora
road section is a logistics route for the activities of the Indonesia-Rembang Cement Factory and PT.
Pertamina in Blora Regency. In addition, not far from Kedungrejo Village, the Diponegoro University
(Undip)-Rembang PSDKU Campus has also been established. With the operation of the Undip-
Rembang PSDKU Campus, it is predicted that it will also encourage economic empowerment activities
for communities around the campus through boarding houses, photocopy, laundry, restaurants, and so
on. The existence of this economic potential encourages Kedungrejo Village to continue to improve
facilities and infrastructure through village physical infrastructure development projects, both sourced
from government funding in the form of village funds and funding from the private sector.
Government programs through village funds are very useful for village communities
(Kusmana & Ismail, 2018). The development of village infrastructure through village funds can
encourage the economic activities of rural communities. With village funds, the community can be
directly involved in village development activities (Djiko & Dalensang, 2021). In building a village
infrastructure, it is necessary to calculate the costs contained in the Budget Plan (RAB) according to
the standards set by the Government. RAB is a calculation of the costs needed for a plan related to the
implementation of a particular development or project (Pusdiklat SDA & Konstruksi (b), 2017). The
RAB provides an overview of the costs required to build a structure or construction (Pusdiklat SDA &
Konstruksi (a), 2017). In addition, from the RAB calculation, it can also be seen the building material
needs, manpower to the schedule to finish a project.
Village Human Resources (HR) are needed who are capable and competent in making RAB.
Rab is an important thing that must be controlled by village officers to achieve the quality, cost, and
time (Ulfiyati, Amin, R, & Utami, 2018). The roles and responsibilities of making RAB are usually
only given to the field officer, who is the head of the development section. This of course is a problem
in the implementation, considering the limited human resources villages that are capable of making
RAB. Village human resources through village officer organizations and youth organizations (Karang
Taruna) are the pillars of the strength of village development (Humas Setda Rembang, 2014). Partici-
patory development for public interest by involving the community (Akbar, Suprapto, & Surati, 2018),
including elements of youth organizations to support work unit village officers both in the process of
planning, the construction of the until to the stage supervision of any project. So that the role and abil-
ity of village officers and youth organizations in terms of RAB becomes important as the key to im-
proving village infrastructure development.
The problem faced by Kedungrejo Village, Rembang District, Rembang Regency at this time is
the lack of human resources who are able and understanding in making the RAB for physical projects.
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Where in a development plan financed with village funds, administratively and technically must be
equipped with RAB documents. The limitations of human resources, both in terms of quality and
quantity, cause problems during the implementation of activities in the form of revising the RAB
document which is quite time-consuming. The misunderstanding factor in making and reading design
drawings is one of the early indications of difficulties that are often experienced by village officers
(Irwansyah, Irawan, & Isma, 2019). The difficulty in calculating the volume is also another problem in
making RAB. The existence of these difficulties is the basis for conducting technical guidance for
making RAB for village officers and youth organizations.
With the increase in the role of village officers and youth organizations through the technical guidance
on making RAB in Kedungrejo Village, it is expected to increase the capacity of village human
resources in making RAB. In the future, village officers, and youth organizations are expected to be
able to make RAB independently. Furthermore, youth organizations can also play an active role as a
technical team in planning and supervising village development projects. So that village development
activities can run smoothly, in an orderly, transparent, participatory, and accountable manner
(Nurfaisal, Mutiarin, & Sakir, 2019).
LITERATURE REVIEW
Improving the capacity of village human resources in supporting infrastructure development is im-
portant in the context of accelerating the preparation of human resources capable of carrying out field
technical activities. Village human resources in the form of village officers and youth organizations
can become the backbone of the village in supporting village development. Youth organizations can
play a role in facilitating village youth to improve their skills and expertise in certain fields
(Suprayoga, Iswoyo, & Syahrial, 2016). According to Rahmi et al., (2019), youth organizations also
have a social responsibility role in implementing development for the welfare of the community. In
terms of village infrastructure development, the role of youth organizations is vital to support the plan-
ning, construction, and supervision of physical development projects. Youth organizations can be
trained to make design drawings of buildings or structures and calculate RAB so that they can help de-
velop the ability and empowerment of youth organizations.
RAB is one of the instruments in the development of village physical infrastructure. Through RAB,
you can know the details of planning a project including the costs and time required to finish the pro-
ject. Dagustani and Kurniawan (2016), provided RAB training for Neglasari Village officers, Bandung
City. This training is intended to help meet the needs of village officers in making RAB. After partici-
pating in this training, it was concluded that participants can understand and calculate the volume, unit
price analysis, and calculate RAB. In addition, this training also obtained an understanding of princi-
ples in calculating RAB between interested parties.
Ulfiyati, Amin, R, & Utami, (2018) also conducted training for the preparation of RAB for infrastruc-
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ture projects for village officers. The training was held in Karangbendo Village, Rogojampi District,
Banyuwangi Regency. The purpose of this training is to assist village officers in calculating RAB for
building projects, roads, and canals by applicable standards. This training resulted in an increase in the
understanding and ability of village officers in making RAB. Furthermore, an understanding and com-
mon perception were also obtained in calculating the RAB for village officers. Furthermore, with an
increase in the capacity of village officers, it can support the infrastructure program proposed by the
village.
Irwansyah, Irawan, & Isma, (2019), assisted in making designs and RAB for gampong officers and
youth organizations. Community partnership program activities were carried out in Kuala Geulumpang
Village, Julok District, East Aceh Regency. This community service activity is intended to help pre-
pare technical personnel from both village officers and youth organizations to be able to design draw-
ings and RAB for gampong infrastructure. As well as preparing human resources capable of supervis-
ing and evaluating technical projects. The results of the mentoring show that this kind of activity can
help facilitate the gampong government regarding physical infrastructure projects that are being
planned.
MATERIAL AND METHOD
The participants who took part in the technical guidance for making RAB in Kedungrejo Village were
10 people consisting of 8 village officers and 2 members of youth organizations. This series of
activities lasted for 1 day and was carried out at the Kedungrejo Village Office. This technical
guidance activity was carried out by a team of 2 lecturers and assisted by 2 students as a support team.
The stages of this community service activity are divided into two stages, that is the introduction and
socialization stage, and the implementation stage as shown in Figure 1.
The introduction and socialization stage is carried out by analyzing community needs related to village
development which is a priority for the preparation of the RAB. This activity was carried out by direct
site survey to determine the conditions and needs of the field in Kedungrejo Village. After that, sociali-
zation was carried out with partners in terms of the idea of strengthening the role of village officers and
youth organizations as well as improving the quality of village human resources through technical
guidance for making RAB. After conducting the socialization, it was followed by coordinating the de-
termination of the schedule, location, facilities, and infrastructure in the implementation of technical
guidance. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, extra coordination is needed to carry out the technical guid-
ance for making RAB, which continues under strict health protocols.
The second stage is the implementation of technical guidance, which is the preparation and exposure of
materials regarding the making of RAB for the physical project of concrete rebate pavement. Technical
guidance activities are carried out to convey material on the basics of preparing RAB as an initial stage
that must be met. Moreover, the process of question and answer and discussion brings up the occur-
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Figure 1.
The Flow of Stages of Community Service.
rence of two-way communication and understanding of the specifics of the material presented. The
speech method combined with mentoring by the community service team assisted by students and the
provision of the RAB calculation module is expected to optimize the overall presentation of the materi-
al. The next stage is the practice of making RAB for the physical project of concrete rebate pavement
by providing direct assistance to each participant. Students help provide intensive mentoring assistance
to each participant to ensure the material provided has been conveyed, and to determine the partici-
pant's level of understanding. It is hoped that with the direct practice simulation, participants can un-
derstand the calculation flow and make RAB independently.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
From the surveys that have been carried out on village officers and youth organizations, information is
obtained that the preparation of the RAB is still quite difficult if it is carried out independently without
any assistance. Especially for the calculation of RAB for village physical infrastructure where many
work items require unit price analysis. The limitations of human resources in understanding the RAB
resulted in the preparation of the RAB being less than optimal, for example, errors, corrections, and
revisions in the field were quite time-consuming.
From these conditions, technical guidance is focused on assisting in the preparation of the RAB for
village infrastructure projects. This training is needed by the village to support the smooth
development of village infrastructure projects. As for the preparation of the RAB, the village party is
usually handed over to one person in charge of a third party, so it is deemed necessary to increase the
role and quality of human resources in the preparation of the RAB. From these problems, then a
description of the problem, solutions offered, and indicators of the achievement of community service
can be seen in Table 1.
After understanding the focus and targets of community service activities, the planned series of
activities are then formulated to optimize the partner's ability in making RAB. The description of the
rundown and partner involvement in the community service can be seen in Table 2.
The introduction and socialization stage was carried out on September 4, 2020, by visiting the
Kedungrejo Village Office. From the initial discussion activities, information was obtained regarding
the priority village physical development plans that became the needs of the community. It is known
that the access road to the village mosque is one of the main priorities to be proposed in village
development planning. This activity is proposed considering the community's need for an access road
to the mosque to be vital considering the condition of the existing road. The convenience factor for
going to the mosque is a consideration, especially when entering the rainy season. So the planning of
the access road to the village mosque is the focus of the technical guidance for the preparation of the
RAB at this community service. The description of the condition of the existing road to the
Kedungrejo Village Mosque can be seen in Figure 2.
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Table 1.
Problems, Solutions, and Achievement Indicators.
No Description Solution Indicator
1 Lack of understanding of
RAB Explanation to partners re-
garding the basics of calcu-
lating RAB
Partners understand the
basics of calculating
RAB
2 RAB is still quite difficult
and only a few village
human resources under-
stand it
Technical guidance and
assistance in calculating
RAB to partners
Partners can make RAB
accompanied directly by
the community service
team
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Table 2.
Rundown and Partner Involvement in The Community Service.
No Date Detail of activities The Number of par-
ticipants Partner Engagement
1 Sept 4-11,
2020
Introduction and so-
cialization
4 participants Active in socialization
activities
2 Sept 28,
2020
Preparation and coor-
dination of community
service
By community ser-
vice team
-
3 Oct 18,
2020
Preparation of train-
ing materials
By community ser-
vice team
-
4 Nov 5,
2020
Technical guidance
and assistance in cal-
culating RAB
10 participants Active in listening to
the basics of RAB and
able to practice directly
making RAB
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Figure 2.
Existing Condition of Access to Kedungrejo Village Mosque.
Continuing the previous introduction and socialization stages, on September 11, 2020, the community
service team again communicated and coordinated with partners to determine the time, place, and
scope of the activities to be presented at the community service. Besides that, data collection is also
carried out on the number of participants who are expected to be able to participate in technical guid-
ance activities. Information was obtained regarding the number of participants who are planning to be
able to participate in this technical guidance for making RAB. The documentation of the introduction
and socialization stage is shown in Figure 3.
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Figure 3.
Introduction and Socialization Stage
Furthermore, on September 28, 2020, preparations and coordination with partners related to the
administration and technical requirements needed in technical guidance activities were carried out.
After the preparations were complete, on October 18, 2020, the community service team began
compiling the technical guidance module for making RAB. The module aims to facilitate the commu-
nity service team in presenting the material and assisting partners in understanding the RAB. The
modules that have been compiled have been adapted to the scope of work on the construction of the
concrete rebate pavement access to the Kedungrejo Village Mosque. Inside the module is also
equipped with a simple basic RAB theory and analysis of unit prices.
On November 5, 2020, community service activities were carried out in the form of technical guidance
on making RAB for village officers and youth organizations. This activity was held at the Kedungrejo
Village Hall, Rembang District, Rembang Regency, which was attended by 8 village officers and 2
youth organizations. The technical guidance activity starts at 08.00 WIB until 12.00 WIB while still
implementing health protocols. Before the community service activity began, masks and hand
sanitizers were donated to partners as a form of implementing health protocols during the Covid-19
pandemic. At the beginning of the technical guidance, a pre-test was conducted with partners related to
the RAB topic. The results of the pre-test were used to determine the partners' understanding of the
RAB topic. The donation of masks and hand sanitizer by the community service team to partners can
be seen in Figure 4.
The main event in this community service is the presentation and assistance in making RAB. Partners
involved in this activity listened to the presentation on the basics of preparing RAB, calculating the
volume or Take of Sheet (TOS), analysis of unit prices, calculating RAB, as well as calculating the
needs for building materials and manpower. Besides that, participants also actively participate in the
discussion and question and answer activities related to the topics that have been presented. Some of
the things that the community service team and partners focus on is understanding the calculation of
TOS. TOS calculation is the first step in making RAB. In the TOS calculation, partners are required to
understand the volume of each work item based on design drawings. The TOS calculation can be seen
in Figure 5. At this stage, activities become more lively with assistance from the community service
team and direct questions and answers. This kind of discussion activity can help break the ice so that it
is not one way and ensure the extent to which partners understand the topics and practice the theory
that has been presented.
After the RAB presentation, the next step is to practice directly calculating RAB by partners who are
accompanied by the community service team. Several computers are provided to help facilitate
partners in making RAB. Assistance is carried out intensively to partners to ensure that the steps
contained in the theory can be applied to the stages of making RAB. At this stage, the community
service team was also assisted by two final year students of the Department of Civil Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, the University of Semarang as a support team for this training. Students play a
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role in helping the community service team by providing direct assistance to partners, starting from
calculating the TOS, and unit price calculations to making RAB. Several participants also seemed
enthusiastic in asking questions when they had difficulty understanding the RAB or using computers.
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Figure 4.
Donation of Masks and Hand Sanitizer.
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Figure 5.
TOS Calculation.
Several questions related to the calculation of the volume, the determination of the coefficient of unit
price analysis, and the price of materials are often asked by partners. The community service team as-
sists partners in understanding the calculation and information on material prices. The use of comput-
ers to calculate RAB is also a problem for partners. This is because some partners are still not used to
it, so they experience limitations in using computers, especially in connecting one calculation to anoth-
er. The output of this technical guidance is then used as a parameter to determine the level of
understanding of partners through the distribution of questionnaires. Documentation of the presenta-
tion, guidance and practice of making RAB, and documentation on technical guidance with partners
can be seen in Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8 respectively. The results of the RAB calculations are
shown in Figure 9.
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Figure 6.
Presentation on RAB.
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Figure 7.
Guidance and Practice of Making RAB.
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Figure 8.
Documentation on Technical Guidance for Making RAB.
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Figure 9.
RAB Calculations.
Based on the results of the pre-test given at the beginning of the community service, it seems that there
are still few partner members who can calculate the RAB. This is also in line with the minimal level of
partner involvement in village physical development projects. The lack of human resources who are
capable and understand the RAB also has an impact on the role of partners in village development
projects. This can be seen from the still at least 20% of participants who have been involved in the con-
struction of physical projects. Meanwhile, only 10% of participants have ever calculated RAB, as
shown in Table 3.
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No Question Answer (%)
Yes No
1 Have you ever participated in a village
physical development project?
20 80
2 Have you ever calculated RAB before? 10 90
3 Can you use a computer (Ms. Excel) to
calculate RAB?
10 90
4 Can you understand the design draw-
ings?
20 80
5 Are you interested in participating in
RAB training?
100 0
Table 3.
Pre-Test Questionnaire Results.
The results of the evaluation conducted by the community service team at the end of the technical
guidance for making RAB showed that there was an increase in understanding of the basics of
calculating RAB for the participants. The questions in the evaluation questionnaire can be seen in
Table 4.
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Table 4.
Evaluation Questionnaire Results.
No Question Answer (%)
Yes No
1 Do you understand the calculation of the volume? 70 30
2 Do you know how to calculate unit price analysis on
TOS?
60 40
3 Do you know the total amount of building materials
and manpower required for this project?
70 30
4 Do you understand the purpose of calculating the
RAB (concrete rebate pavement project for access to
the mosque)?
70 30
5 Are you sure and able to calculate similar RAB inde-
pendently?
50 50
Based on Table 4, it is known that 70% of participants can understand the calculation of the volume of
work, the need for building materials and manpower as well as the calculation of RAB. While the part
that is considered difficult according to the participants view is the unit price analysis. In the unit
price analysis, participants are required to be able to determine the unit price coefficient as in the SNI
unit price analysis of the Ministry of Public Works.
After participating in the technical guidance for making RAB, it was found that 50% of participants
were confident and able to independently make RAB for similar projects. While the remaining 50%
felt they did not dare to make RAB independently and still felt the need for help so that there were no
errors in the calculations. Looking at the comparison of the results of the questionnaire before and after
the technical guidance as shown in Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that the level of understanding
of partners has increased based on indicators number 2 and 4 as shown in Figure 10.
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Figure 10.
Partner's Level of Understanding in Calculation of RAB.
As a follow-up to this technical guidance, the community service team monitored the plan for the
construction of a concrete rebate pavement. Monitoring is carried out in the form of providing
suggestions and input so that the plans that have been carried out can be included in the discussion of
the village development plan deliberation (Musrenbangdes). Finally, in April 2021, the construction
project for the concrete rebate pavement access to the Kedungrejo Village Mosque could be
implemented. The realization of the project is shown in Figure 11.
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Masvika, H., & Purwanti, H., / Jurnal Pemberdayaan
Masyarakat Madani, 6 (1) 2022, 72-94.
Figure 11.
Realization of the Access Road to The Kedungrejo Village Mosque.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
The implementation of community service for technical guidance in making RAB has run successfully.
Through this community service, participants from village officers and youth organizations can
increase their ability and understanding of making RAB, especially for physical infrastructure projects.
In addition, village officers and youth organizations also gain additional knowledge in terms of making
RAB optimize the realization of village development. On the other hand, there is also an increase in
the quality and quantity of village human resources capable of calculating RAB.
As a suggestion, it is hoped that for future village development, there will be an increase in the role of
village officers and youth organizations in planning, construction, and supervising village physical
development projects. Furthermore, youth organizations can also be empowered in village physical
infrastructure development projects by capturing potential private funding through corporate social
responsibilities from companies around Kedungrejo Village.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to express our gratitude to the Rector, Head of LPPM, and Dean of the Faculty of
Engineering, the University of Semarang for the funding and support for this community service. As
well as to the Head of Kedungrejo Village, Rembang District, Rembang Regency for the permission to
carry out community service. The community services are funded by the University of Semarang by
agreement No. 145/USM.H7.LPPM/N/2020.
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Pelatihan Pembuatan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) di Kelurahan Neglasari Bandung
  • D Dagustani
  • G I Kurniawan
Dagustani, D., & Kurniawan, G. I. (2016). Pelatihan Pembuatan Rencana Anggaran Biaya (RAB) di Kelurahan Neglasari Bandung. Jurnal Dharma Bhakti STIE Ekuitas Vo. 1, No. 1, 1-5.
  • R Djiko
  • R Dalensang
Djiko, R., & Dalensang, R. (2021). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pemanfaatan Dana Desa di Desa Pitu. J-3P (Jurnal Pembangunan Pemberdayaan Pemerintahan) Vol. 6 No. 1, 1-15.
Pendampingan Pembuatan Desain dan RAB untuk Perangkat Gampong dan Pemuda Karang Taruna
  • Irawan Irwansyah
  • H Isma
Irwansyah, Irawan, H., & Isma, F. (2019). Pendampingan Pembuatan Desain dan RAB untuk Perangkat Gampong dan Pemuda Karang Taruna. Global Sience Society : Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 1, No. 1, 31-39.
Manfaat Dana Desa Bagi Pembangunan dan Masyarakat Desa
  • D Kusmana
  • Ismail
Kusmana, D., & Ismail. (2018). Manfaat Dana Desa Bagi Pembangunan dan Masyarakat Desa. Jurnal Otonomi dan Keuangan Daerah Vol. 6, No. 1, 81-100.
Model Pemberdayaan Karang Taruna di Kecamatan Cerme Kabupaten Gresik
  • Iswoyo Suprayoga
  • A Syahrial
Suprayoga, Iswoyo, A., & Syahrial, R. (2016). Model Pemberdayaan Karang Taruna di Kecamatan Cerme Kabupaten Gresik. AJIE : Asian Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Vol.1, No. 2, 134-147.
  • Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani
Jurnal Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Madani Volume 6 No 1 July 2022 ISSN 2580-4332 (online) DOI: doi.org/10.21009/JPMM.006.1.05