Bibliometric Review of Studies on Sustainable Tourism and Climate Change in 2019

Abstract

This study aims to investigate academic publications on sustainable tourism and climate change in 2019. Due to global warming , the climate changes from day to day. Climate changes affect tourism and raise concerns about sustainability. This situation makes studies on sustainable tourism and climate change important. Quantitative research methods were used in the research. 227 publications were obtained after filtering the words "sustainable tourism" and "climate change" in the Web of Science database. These data were analyzed by vosviewer. According to the results of the research, the first journal that stands out in terms of publication and citation in 2019 is Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Apart from this, Tourism Management and Annals of Tourism Research journals also came to the fore. The most broadcast countries are Australia, the usa and the uk.

Full text

161
Rev. Turismo y Sociedad, vol. xxx i, julio-dici embre 2022, pp. 161-176
Abstract
This study aims to investigate academic
publications on sustainable tourism and
climate change in 2019. Due to global warm-
ing, the climate changes from day to day.
Climate changes affect tourism and raise
concerns about sustainability. This situa-
tion makes studies on sustainable tourism
and climate change important. Quantitative
research methods were used in the research.
227 publications were obtained after lter-
ing the words “sustainable tourism” and
“climate change” in the Web of Science
database. These data were analyzed by
vosviewer. According to the results of the
research, the rst jour nal that stands out in
terms of publication and citation in 2019 is
Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Apart from
this, Tourism Management and Annals of
Tourism Research journals also came to
the fore. The most broadcast countries are
Australia, the usa and the uk.
Key words: Sustainability; sustainable
tourism; climate change; publication; cita-
tion.
Resumen
Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar
publicaciones académicas sobre turismo
sostenible y cambio climático en 2019. Debi-
do al calentamiento global, el clima cambia
día a día; los cambios climáticos afectan al
turismo y suscitan preocupaciones sobre
la sostenibilidad, situación que hace que
los estudios sobre turismo sostenible y
cambio climático sean importantes. En la
investigación se utilizaron métodos de in-
vestigación cuantitativos. Se obtuvieron 227
publicaciones después de ltrar las palabras
“turismo sostenible” y “cambio climático”
en la base de datos de Web of Science. Estos
datos fueron analizados por vosviewer.
Según los resultados de la investigación, la
ümiT Şeng el
Dr. at the Depa rtment of Tour Guid ing at Sakarya U niver-
sity of Applied Sciences
Tur key
[umitsengel@gmail.com]
abdüssamed kOç
Dr. at Sakar ya Busin ess Sch ool at Sakarya Universi ty
Tur key
[akoc@sakarya.edu.tr]
BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW OF
STUDIES ON SUSTAINABLE
TOURISM AND CLIMATE
CHANGE IN 20191
REVISIÓN BIBLIOMÉTRICA DE
ESTUDIOS SOBRE TURISMO
SOSTENIBLE Y CAMBIO
CLIMÁTICO EN 2019
1 Para citar este artículo: Şengel, Ü. y Koç, A. (2 022).
Bibliometric review of studies on sustainable tourism and
climate change in 2019. Turismo y S ociedad, XXX I, 161-176.
DOI: htt ps://doi.o rg/10.186 01/012 07555.n31.0 9
Fecha d e recepción: 19 de agos to de 2 020
Fecha d e modi fica ción: 10 d e mar zo de 2 021
Fecha d e acep tació n: 3 de ju nio d e 2021
Sostenibilidad y turismo
de naturaleza

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primera revista que se destaca en términos de publicación y citación en 2019 es el Jour-
nal of Sustainable Tourism. Aparte de esto, las revistas Tourism Management y Annals
of Tourism Research también pasaron a primer plano. Los países más retransmitidos son
Australia, Estados Unidos y Reino Unido.
Palabras clave: sostenibilidad; turismo sostenible; cambio climático; publicación; citación.
Introduction
There is a very high interaction between climate change and tourism activities. Since the
effects of climate change on tourism activities and destinations are closely related to tourist
behavior, the direct effects of changing climate on tourism demand have four important
effects, indirect effects of environmental change, tourism mobility and mitigation poli-
cies, and economic growth, consumer culture and social change related to social-political
stability (Gössling et al., 2012).
Scott et al. (2012) emphasize that climate, natural environment, income, personal security,
travel costs and disposable wealth can be affected by climate change. Hall (2005) states
that all of these factors are determining factors for travel motivation and destination
preference for a tourist.
The interaction between climate change and tourism activities is bilateral. Cohen et al.
(2011) states that short ights that benet tourism may have impacts on climate change.
Because planes release a lot of air pollutant gas into the air. The tensions between tour-
ism consumption and the changing social norms for acceptable ight practice emphasize
that this social group is not interested in what results these ights have left, although
they often continue their own air travel. In this study, contrary to the effects of climate
change on tourism, the effects of developments in tourism movements on climate change
are encountered. In addition to the aircraft, high energy is required to carry out some
activities in the hospitality operations. Since most of this energy is obtained from fossil
fuels, it can be said that energy use in tourism causes greenhouse gas emissions (Scott
et al., 2010). Therefore, it is possible to see the effects of both the hospitality and travel
industry on climate change.
There are studies examining the relationship between sustainable tourism and climate
change from different perspectives in the literature. Gössling et al. (2012) review the
current studies in the literature and present a framework that shows important current
uncertainties and research needs in the studies.
In his study, Buckley (2012) states that social and environmental impacts, responses and
indicators are the ve main topics of focus for the tourism sector, population, peace, pros-
perity, pollution and protection worldwide. It also states that expanding protected areas,
climate change and improving environmental accounting techniques are priority issues
in future research on tourism. Studies on the interaction between Sustainable Tourism
and climate change are constantly being studied. These studies examined the interaction
between the two concepts in many ways (Amusan & Olutola, 2017; Dodds & Kelman,

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2008; Scott et al., 2011; Weaver, 2011; Ijeomah & Aiyeloja, 2009; Mycoo, 2014; Lambert
et al., 2010; Bonzanigo et al., 2016; Scott, 2011; Crabbe, 2010).
In this study, it is aimed to reveal the intellectual structure of academic researches examin-
ing the relationship between climate change and sustainable tourism in 2019. Increasing
global tendencies inevitably bring along some common global problems. Climate change,
which is one of the most important of these problems, affects production and consumption
processes in different ways, especially in the tourism industry. This study reveals both how
often the subject is covered in a year and how it is evaluated with a citation network. The
results of this research also reveal the level of care about of climate change, one of the com-
mon global problems of humanity, by tourism researchers and tou r ism scientic journals.
Literature review
Since climate change is accepted as a precondition for sustainable development, it is
frequently used in sustainable tourism research. Sustainable tourism studies on climate
change often show an image that focuses on destination-scale issues, emphasizing the need
to properly account for the environmental and social impacts of tourism travel, and reveal
a lack of sustainable tourism conceptualizations in the past (Scott, 2011; Siddiqui & Imran,
2019). Sustainable tourism has been dominated by the climate change issue in recent years.
The strong relationship between these two concepts and the increase in climate change
in recent years involve some risks related to the sustainability of tourism (Weaver, 2011;
Sifolo & Henama, 2017; Steiger et al., 2019). According to the A Climate Change Vulner-
ability Index for Tourism (cvit), which consists of 27 indicators, climate change is an
increasing obstacle to the contributions of tourism to the Sustainable Development Goals
(Scott et al., 2019a). This strong bond between sustainable tourism and climate change has
also paved the way for the increase of academic research on the subject in recent years.
It can be said that studies in the literature concentrate on cer tain specic subjects. In this
sense, studies on the formation of sectoral awareness of the vulnerability of tourism to
climate change are becoming widespread (Gössling & Scott, 2018; Dube & Nhamo, 2020).
In addition, although it threatens sustainability, one of the most important factors in com-
bating climate change is political and political attitudes. There are studies that highlight
different management gaps arising from the lack of scientic knowledge in the process
of creating policies on the subject (Bache et al., 2015; Dube & Nhamo, 2019). Although
it differs from different perspectives on climate change, especially despite all its threats,
studies on the determination of political dilemmas regarding the issue are also included
in the literature (Ciplet & Roberts, 2017).
There are studies that address different approaches to the effects of climate change on
tourism activities in various geopolitical regions, countries and cities, rather than the gen-
eral effects of climate change on tourism for the whole world (Rutty et al., 2017; Becken
et al., 2020). In addition, studies are also conducted to analyze the effects of changes in
climate-related factors such as temperature and precipitation on tourism demand (Gómez
Martín, 2005; Amelung & Nicholls, 2007). According to the ndings obtained from these
studies, climate change affects the tourism industry negatively. Especially in destinations
with tourism types such as winter tourism, mass tourism (sea, sand, sun), island tourism,

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there are problems regarding demand. The continuation of climate changes, which are
a result of global warming, shows that more obvious problems related to tourism may
arise in the future (Belle & Bramwell, 2005; Yang & Wan, 2010; Neuvonen et al., 2015;
Seekamp et al., 2019). It is frequently found in studies in which these studies are criticized
in the literature. It is stated that the analysis and simulations for the effects of changes in
climate-related factors on the tourism industry are lacking. Gössling et al. (2012) state that
these scenarios are more complex than they appear. It is also criticized that the analysis
and simulations made with variables such as temperature and precipitation are not based
on a theoretical basis (Hernandez & Ryan, 2011). In addition, the failure to examine the
economic, political-legal and social-cultural factors, which have great importance in
researching the effects of climate change in these analyzes and simulations, causes unsuc-
cessful results (Shaw & Loomis, 2008; Ford et al., 2012).
It is included in studies that state that the analysis and evaluations made on the effects of
climate change on the tourism industry in the literature should be handled with a holistic
approach. Factors such as quality of life indicators, agricultural capacity, urban and rural
population, longevity, threatened biological species, dependency on natural capital, all
affected by the rst change have a relation with the tourism industry. It is benecial to
evaluate climate change and sustainable tourism relations considering a holistic relation-
ship of all these elements (Dogru et al., 2019). The fact that these factors are under threat
naturally creates problems regarding the sustainability of tourism activities.
The negative interaction between climate change and sustainable tourism inevitably requires
the efforts of the destinations to eliminate these negativities by following certain poli-
cies and strategies. Naturally, scientic research has been done towards these efforts. All
stakeholders need to work in harmony to manage threats related to climate-related factors
and reduce their impacts on tourism, due to rising temperatures, uneven rainfall, sea level
rise, severe storms and increased salinity rate. Having a strategy that will determine the
basic responsibilitie s for the tourism industry to adapt to climate cha nge ca n signicantly
affect the success of the destinations (Scott et al., 2019b; Huynh & Piracha, 2019)
Method
In this study, a bibliometric analysis of international publications in the eld of sustainable
tourism was conducted in 2019. Studies on sustainable tourism and climate change have
gained weight with the 2nd millennium and these studies have increased year by year.
Hundreds of studies are carried out on the subject every year. It is important for this study
to take a general picture of the studies of the last year and to compile the works that are
sources of common references to these publications. In the study, quantitative research
methods were used and academic studies on sustainable tourism related to climate change
are examined using the bibliometric analysis technique. It is possible to obtain the data
required for bibliometric analysis from many databases, especially Web of Science (Wos),
Google Scholar and scopus. In this study, Wos database was preferred. The reasons
such as the Wos database being a highly reputable database and impact factor among the
international databases, the data obtained from the Wos database provide the data format
required by the package programs, the possibility to make a wider classication, and the
library membership at an international level play an active role in this choice.

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In the study, 227 publications were obtained after ltering the words “sustainable tourism”
and “climate change” in the Web of Science database. Studies in which both words have
common occurrences were evaluated. These 227 publications were used in the analyzes
and the evaluations were limited to this number. The nal ltering process was made on
27.01.2020 and the broadcasts published after this date were not taken into consideration.
In the study, answers to the following questions were sought.
• How is the general outlook of publications on sustainable tourism and climate change?
– Which are the top publishing countries, institutions (universities) and authors?
– Which journals are the most published?
– Which keywords were used the most?
– What are the most cited publishing?
• What are the most common citations of these studies?
• What are the methods used by the most commonly cited studies?
In the study, published in the Web of Science database, academic studies on sustainable
tourism and climate change were analyzed using the bibliometric analysis technique.
The authors, country, institution, journal, keyword and bibliography information of the
publications obtained according to the search criteria were downloaded in “Plain Text”
format. These data were analyzed by vosviewer (van Eck & Waltman, 2010) to respond
to the questions developed in the research using the package program. After the distribu-
tion of the publications according to the database, year, country, institution and journal
information, the keywords were subjected to the co-word analysis and the bibliographic
information to the co-citation analysis. A visual map of the words and cited publications
obtained through these analyzes are obtained through the vosviewer package program.
Findings
All ndings obtained are not included in this text. Only the 10 most important information
for each category are included in the tables. In addition, extra information, which is consid-
ered to be important for some categories other than 10 information, is also discussed in the
text. The ndings were reported as subtitles, taking into account the pu r pose of the study.
Distribution of publications by countries
Table 1 shows the distribution of publications by country and the number of citations
received by these publications in Wos. Due to the restriction requested for the summary,
only 5 countries are included. The ranking in table 1 was created taking into account the
number of publications. In the light of the ndings, Australia was the country with the most
publications in sustainable tourism and climate change in 2019 with 35 publications. The

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number of citations in this country is 968. The other four countries in terms of published
numbers are England, usa, Spain and New Zealand. Another remarkable detail to table
1 is that New Zealand, which ranked 5th with 24 publications, is in the rst secret with
1378 references.
Table 1. Distribution of Publications by Countries
Country Publications Citations
1Australia 35 968
2England 31 638
3usa 25 364
4Spain 25 287
5New Zealand 24 1378
6Sweden 20 114 8
7Canada 20 988
8Netherlands 15 520
9Finland 14 474
10 South Africa 12 409
Although the publication numbers of Sweden and Canada are lower than the countries in
the top ranking, their citation numbers are quite high. It can be said that countries such
as France (6 publications, 461 citation), Italy (5 publications, 526 citation), Germany (10
publications, 658 citation) and Norway (11 publications, 517 citation), which are not included
in the table, come to the fore in the scientic studies conducted on the related to topic.
Distribution of publications by universities
In table 2, the universities and their country statistics are given to the number of citations
in the Wos database that published the most in the eld of sustainable tourism related to
climate change in 2019.
Table 2. Distribution of publications by universities
University Country Publications Citations
1University Canterbury New Zealand 15 1096
2University Waterloo Canada 14 878
3Linnaeus University Sweden 13 729
4University of Oulu Finland 13 471
5Grifth University Australia 12 730
6University of Johannesburg South Africa 10 387
7University of Queensland Australia 9118

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University Country Publications Citations
8Lund University Sweden 8 650
9Western Norway Research Institute Norway 8369
10 Breda University of Applied Sciences Netherlands 7146
In table 2, it is seen that the university that broadcasts the most is University of Canterbury,
New Zealand. While there are 15 publications in this university, there are 1096 number of
citations. The other four universities are University Waterloo (Canada), Linnaeus University
(Sweden), University of Oulu (Finland) and Grifth University (Australia), respectively.
Although the number of publications of Lund University in Sweden, and Western Nor-
way Research Institute in Norway are low, the number of citations is high. Although not
included in table 2, the citations of the University of Exeter (5 publications, 247 citation)
and Lincoln University (3 publications, 229 citation) are high.
Distribution of publications by journals
One of the most important issues from the preparation stage of an academic publication
is from which source. The choice of the broadcasting platform suitable for the purpose
of the broadcast ensures that it reaches the right audience, and therefore more effective.
Table 3 shows the most published sources and their citation numbers in 2019. The rank-
ing is based on the most publication and all are journals. In terms of both the number of
publications and the number of citations, the Journal of Sustainable Tourism has come to
the fore with a signicant difference.
Table 3. Distribution of publications and citations by journals
Source Type Publications Citations
1. Journal of Sustainable Tourism Journal 62 1941
2. Sustainability Journal 15 70
3. Tourism Management Journal 9413
4. Annals of Tourism Research Journal 7699
5. Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes Journal 710
6. Journal of Cleaner Production Journal 5108
7. Tourism Geographies Journal 5114
8. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Journal 468
9. Tourism Review Journal 48
10. Asia Pacic Journal of Tourism Research Journal 324
Other journals include Sustainability, Tourism Management, Annals of Tourism Research
and Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes. Annals of Tourism Research and Tourism

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Management journals are ranked 2nd and 3rd in terms of citation counts, even if the number
of publications is not. Apart from these, magazines such as Tourism Geographies, Scan-
dinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, Tourism Review and Asia Pacic Journal of
Tourism Research have focused on sustainable tourism studies related to climate change,
although not much in 2019. In addition, although they are not included in Table 3, Wiley
Interdisciplinary Reviews-Climate Change (2 publications, 177 citation), Ecological Eco-
nomics (1 publication, 205 citation) and Global Environmental Change-human and policy
dimensions (1 publication, 388 citation) journals have high citation rates.
Table 4. Most cited journals
Source Type Citations
1Journal of Sustainable Tourism Journal 1453
2Tourism Management Journal 750
3Annals of Tourism Research Journal 563
4Global Environmental Change Journal 182
5Current Issues in Tourism Journal 154
6Ecological Economics Journal 154
7Journal of Transport Geography Journal 139
8Tourism Geographies Journal 122
9Energy Policy Journal 112
10 Journal of Travel Research Journal 106
The most cited the publication of the articles examined in table 4 are listed. The most
cited source was “Journal of Sustainable Tourism” with 1453. Following are the journals
“Tourism Management (750)”, “Annals of Tourism Research (563)”, “Global Environmental
Change (182)” and “Current Issues in Tourism (154)”. In addition, it is listed in Table 4 in
journals that received over 100 citations in 2019.
Most Published Authors and Most Cited Publications
In table 5, the most published authors and citation numbers in the Wos database are given.
The ranking was made according to the number of publications and the authors with high
number of citations were given priority in equal number of publications.
Table 5. Most published and cited authors
Author Publication Citation
1Gössling, Stefan 15 1441
2Hall, C. Michael 13 1029
3Scott, Daniel 10 811
4Coles, Tim 4234

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Author Publication Citation
5Higham, James 459
6Arana, Jorge E. 456
7Leon, Carmelo J. 456
8Buckley, Ralf 3359
9Becken, Susanne 3237
10 Ceron, Jean-Paul 2457
Michael Hall and Stefan Gössling were the top publishers in 2019 with 13 publications.
Later, D. Scott, T. Coles and J. Higham were the other top publishers, respectively. The
ranking in table 5 is made according to the number of publications. For this reason, one
of the most interesting ndings here is the researchers with a high number of citations
despite the low number of publications. Jean-Paul Ceron’s two publications received 457
citations during 2019. Similarly, 3 publications of Ralf Buckley received 359 citations.
Table 6 shows the studies that publications on sustainable tourism and climate change are
cited most in 2019. The most striking detail in these studies is that 6 of these 10 publica-
tions were published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. The fact that this journal is one
of the most prestigious media for sustainable tourism may have inuenced such a result.
Table 6. Most cited authors and journals in publications
Author Article Journal Citations
1Sc ott (2011) Why Sustainable Tourism Must Address
Climate Change
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 45
2Weaver (2011) Can Sustainable Tourism Survive Climate
Change?
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 40
3Scott, Peeters &
Gössli ng (2008)
Can Tourism Deliver Its “Aspirational”
Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction
Tar get s?
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 36
4Gössl ing (2002) Global Environmental Consequences of
Tou r is m
Global Environ-
mental Change 33
5Becken (2007)
Tourists’ Perception of International Air
travel’s Impact on The Global Climate and
Potential Climate Change Policies
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 31
6
McKercher, Pri-
deaux, Cheung &
Law, (2010).
Achieving Voluntary Reductions in The
Carbon Footprint of Tourism and Climate
Change
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 28
7Hares, Dickinson
& Wi lkes (2010)
Climate Change and The Air Travel Deci-
sions of uk To u rist s
Journal of Trans-
port Geography 27
8Scott & Becken
(2010)
Adapting to Climate Change and Climate
Policy: Progress, Problems and Potentials
Journal of Sustai-
nable Tourism 25

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Author Article Journal Citations
9Barr, Shaw, Coles
& Pri llwitz (2010).
‘A Holiday Is a Holiday’: Practicing Sus-
tainability, Home and Away
Journal of Trans-
port Geography 25
10 Buckley (2012) Sustainable Tourism: Research and Reality Annals of Tou-
rism Research 25
The other top 3 journals are Global Environmental Change Journal of Transport Geography
and An nals of Tourism Resea rch. Scott (2011) was the most cited author with 45 citations.
Another important nding related to the subject is that the 10 most cited publications were
written in 2011 and before.
Common citation map of publications
In gure 1, there is a common citation map of the publications examined on the subject in
2019. The map given here also contains the relationships of the publications cited together.
Publications given in the same colors are more interrelated. In addition, the thickness of
the colored dot next to the publications indicates that more citations are made.
By examining the keywords in the 227 articles examined, the image in gure 2 was obtained.
The words in the image consist of keywords that repeat at least 5 times. Different colors
and color tones are available for clear use. In the gure, 42 keywords are repeated at least
5 times. “Sustainable Tourism” and “Climate Change” are the most emphasized words.
Figure 1. Common citation map of publications

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Common word (co-word) analysis of the keywords of publications
However, certication, tourism and sustainability developments are the most frequently
emphasized key words.
Figure 2. Common word (co-word) analysis of the keywords of publications
tourism planing
tourism marketing tourism impacts
environment
behaviour change
resources
mountain tourism
lifelong learning programme
education
e-learning
resilience
smes
edonomic growth
sustainbility
sustainable development
renewable energy
tourism development
Sustainable tourism developmen
green economy
energy
austria
austria
air travel
aviation
offsetting mitigation
emissions
carbon management
corporate social responsibilit
climate change adaptation
greenhouse gas emissions
climate change migration
knowledge weather
sustainable tourism
climate change
policy
adaptation
environmental impact vulnerability
certification
tourism
ecotourism
protected areas
In addition, eco-tourism, green economy, emission, energy, green gas emission, renewable
energy and air are the words that appear in Figure 2 in environmentally important concepts.
Moreover, sustainable development, planning, marketing, economic growth, and policies
that can contribute to the development of tourism are reected in the results of the analysis.
Discussion and conclusion
Studies with bibliometric analysis of studies on sustainable tourism or the effects of cli-
mate change on sustainable tourism are hardly encountered in the literature. However,
there are only a few academic studies that make bibliometric analysis of publications on
climate change (Jankó et al., 2017) and general tourism (Fu & Dai, 2010; Yu, 2017). Ac-
cording to the 227 studies examined, the most publications on sustainability and climate
change were made in Australia, England, usa, Spain, New Zealand. It is noteworthy that
227 publications have been published in the Wos dat abase on this subject for in one year.
However, this result is directly proportional to the fact that climate change is on the agenda.
As a matter of fact, in the study where Haunschild et al. (2016) conducted a bibliometric
analysis of publications on climate change and it was emphasized that studies on climate
change have gradually increased after 2000. This assessment has also been identied in
different scientic studies (Stanhill, 2001; Grieneisen & Zhang, 2011; Bornmann & Mutz,
2015). The citation numbers of these countries are also high. The common features of these
countries are that their economic and social development is at a good level. Communities
such as climate change and sustainability pay more attention to global and awareness-
raising issues. Likewise, the universities with the highest level of broadcasting are from
these countries or those with similar level of development.

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Implications
Journal of Sustainable Tourism has come to the fore as the most important platform in
the categories of the most publications, the most cited in the database and the most cited
sources of 227 studies. This is also an indication that the journal has acted in accordance
with its publication policies. Tourism Management, Annals of Tourism research, Global
Environmental Change, Current Issues in Tourism, Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism
Themes and Sustainability have come to the fore in different categories. In this study, the
Journal of Sustainable Tourism was identied as the most cited journal, Hall, Gössling
and Scott are the three most cited researchers.
The relationship between tourism and environmental events makes the concepts of sustain-
able tourism and climate change interrelated. The interaction between these two concepts
brings with it a research process that gradually searches for the 2000s. Concepts such as
eco-tourism, emission, energy, green gas emission, renewable energy, air, sustainable
development, planning, marketing, economic growth and policy are frequently covered in
studies on, which are indirect or directly related to sustainable tourism and climate change
Even academic studies conducted only in 2019 provide an important reference to reveal
the relationships between sustainable tourism and climate change phenomena’s. Because
researchers conduct academic research in order to nd solut ions accordi ng to the urgency
of problems related to a subject. The covid-19 pandemic, which started at the end of
2019 and affected the whole world in 2020, provides important foresights to learn from
global problems such as sustainable tourism and climate change (Prideaux, et al., 2020).
The withdrawal of people from nature for a while due to the pandemic has allowed nature
to renew itself. In this sense, the restructuring of the tourism phenomenon by consider-
ing factors such as carrying capacity, over-tourism and sustainability can be a source of
reducing the problems in the eld (Şengel, 2021).
Limitations and future studies
This study reveals the intellectual structure of sustainable tourism related to climate
change publications in 2019, which is a very important issue for the tourism industry.
The major impor t ant lim itation of the study is that this study, in which an important issue
is investigated, only analyzes the publications in 2019. However, the study was limited
to one year in terms of determining that researchers and scientic journals in the eld
of tourism attach importance to the interaction between sustainable tourism and climate
change. For this reason, bibliometric analysis of the publications in longer time intervals
can be done in order to reveal the development of the subject over time in future studies.
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