Content uploaded by Odlanyer Hernández-de-Lara
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Odlanyer Hernández-de-Lara on Jun 16, 2022
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Arqueología histórica en América Latina. Perspectivas desde Argentina y Cuba
Abstract and Figures
La integración latinoamericana ha sido desde los inicios de las luchas por la Independencia y mucho más desde hace varias décadas, uno de los temas más recurrentes desde las políticas nacionales, también desde diversas posturas teóricas, corrientes epistemológicas y desde el ámbito de distintas disciplinas sociales. En mayor o menor medida, muchos han estado de acuerdo con esa mirada integradora que a veces se ve tan distante, pero que con pequeños pasos, algunos intentan llevar a la práctica, materializarla, aunque sea en cuestiones puntuales dentro de la diversidad de problemáticas en las que viven nuestros pueblos. Dentro de esta perspectiva, hace algunos meses surgió la idea de exponer en una publicación impresa una muestra de la variedad de investigaciones que se llevan a cabo en dos países latinoamericanos: Argentina y Cuba. Con un sesgo geográfico determinado por el origen de los editores, este libro se propone un acercamiento al desarrollo de la Arqueología histórica en ambos países. En él se expone un amplio espectro de las temáticas en estudio desde diversas perspectivas teóricas.
Figures - uploaded by Odlanyer Hernández-de-Lara
Author content
All figure content in this area was uploaded by Odlanyer Hernández-de-Lara
Content may be subject to copyright.
... Ramos y Hernández de Lara, 2011;Roura, et al., 2017;Roura y Hernández de Lara, 2019;Ulloa y Valcárcel, 2016;Valcárcel, 2016). Ello ha conllevado a la organización del primer Congreso Cubano de Arqueología Histórica en noviembre de 2023.De violencia, destrucción y temporalidades En este trabajo, la arqueología histórica urbana está intrínsecamente entrelazada con las arqueologías del conflicto y del pasado contemporáneo(Buchli y Lucas, 2001;González, 2019;Graves-Brown, et al., 2013) para dar respuesta a preguntas de investigación que se enfocan en el uso de la violencia, en correspondencia con las dimensiones física y simbólica de la destrucción (Hernández de Lara, 2023). ...
La dinámica de crecimiento de las ciudades vivas implica que en ocasiones excavemos contextos que otrora fueron rurales y que hoy están inmersos en las ciudades modernas. Con el desarrollo de la arqueología histórica en Cuba, las ciudades coloniales hispanas constituyeron uno de los temas de mayor interés, especialmente aquellas consideradas como patrimonio nacional o mundial. Las fortificaciones hispanas, como parte de las defensas urbanas, también tuvieron un papel protagónico. En parte, este capítulo aborda ambos temas. Partiendo de la experiencia de las excavaciones arqueológicas en el Escuadrón 41 de la Guardia Rural, otrora batería de Peñas Altas, en la ciudad de Matanzas, Cuba, consideramos algunos problemas metodológicos respecto a las estrategias de excavación, pero también al rol de la comunidad en un sitio multitemporal, revelando historias diversas, desde la colonial hispana hasta la reciente república, con eventos o periodos que afectaron física y emocionalmente a la ciudad y sus habitantes.
... It is also important to mention advances within the archaeology of repression and torture sites. Research on rural issues and border issues has also been a field with great development in the last decade, including studies on rural archaeological sites, archaeological sites of colonial/Creole-Indigenous cohabitation, and archaeological sites of forts and fortifications (e.g., Landa, 2013;Casanueva, 2013;Landa et al., 2011;Leoni and Martínez, 2012;Ramos et al., 2011;San Francisco et al., 2010;Pedrotta and Bagaloni, 2021;Buscaglia, 2021). ...
In recent decades, various works have been published that account for the birth and development of the Archaeology of Historical Times in South America. These works have presented the emergence of this field, theoretical and methodological links with archaeological trends in North America and Europe, and particular developments in different countries in the region. In this entry, a review of the origins of Historical Archaeology in South America is briefly given, the main advances and fields of research in the last decade are presented, and the current state of the art is exemplified through four case studies under development; thus, outlining some of the future directions of Historical Archaeology in this region.
Una nueva version revisada y actualizada del libro Componentes etnicos de la nación cubana requiere una breve presentación. En 1995 Miguel Barnet, actual Presidente honorario de la Unión de Escritores y Artistas de Cuba, me pidió un libro para la Colección La Fuente Viva de la Fundacion Fernando Ortiz, que aun daba sus primeros pasos. Entonces le propuse parte del texto introductorio que había preparado para el Atlas de los ins-trumentos de la música folclórico-popular de Cuba (1997), de cuyo colectivo de autores formé parte durante más de un decenio. Una porción importante de este texto tambien sirvió de base para otra monografia que elaboramos con la doc-tora Ana Julia Garcia Rally, Historia étnica de Cuba, que a su vez formaba parte del Atlas etnográfico de Cuba: cultura popular tradicional, cuya punta del iceberg se dejó ver en una multimedia en español e inglés en el año 2000. Esa obra obtuvo en 1998 uno de los Premios anuales de nuestra Academia de Ciencias de Cuba y ha servido para múltiples cursos de postgrados y conferencias en diversas universidades y centros de investigación.
In the last years, Public Archaeology has become a new field where many scholars develop their service attitude towards their communities. Related to education and diffusion of archaeological data to general public, this new field has given archaeology more humanity and participation inside the society. In this article we would like to present briefly this new field, and its situation in Peru. Also, we would like to present some of the advantages, strategies, and possible goals that can be achieved inside our society by using the Public Archaeology.
The humid pampa is crossed by two mountain systems. In one of them –named Sistema Serrano de Tandilia- there is a set of structures of various forms and dimensions built with bared stone blocks, which have been studied by historians and archaeologists for more than three decades. Along this time, the questions raised concern primarily function, chronology and cultural assignment of these buildings, issues that have been addressed mainly through the documentary sources and, in rare cases, the archaeological record. Nowadays there is some consensus about the relationship of the stone structures and the native population which inhabited the region after the Spanish conquest up to the 19th century. The economy of these indigenous groups was then based on livestock activities and both intra and inter-ethnic trade, in the hilly environment of the grassland pampas. Nevertheless, there was a constant pressure over the same resources by the Spanish and Creole societies, materialized through the establishment of a military border line and the “Independencia” fort in the decade of 1820. This conflictive process finally takes to the expulsion of native peoples of that region, followed by the settlement of criollos agricultural ranches, villages and cities, along the second half of the 19th century.
This work is part of an investigation focused on a set of stone buildings located in the central portion of Tandilia system and presents the results of the analysis of the vitreous remains that were found in excavations as well as surface collecting in four sites: Sierra Alta IV, Santa Inés IV, Manantiales I and Manantiales II. Studied vitreous materials include remains of various cylindrical and square bottles, flasks and jars, containers mostly elaborated in Europe. Estimated chronology of some of those containers dates to the second half of the 19th century and coincides with a period of great export flux to the Río de la Plata. In addition, the identified bottles corresponds mainly to alcoholic beverages and other imported products commonly consumed and used at that time in the rural border of the pampean region, according to documentary, iconographic and archaeological evidence.
The analysis of glass material from the four buildings presented here suggests that the deposition of these remains appears to be associated to different processes of reuse and recycling of the stone buildings during the 19th and the early 20th century. At this respect, vitreous material study provides an important source of chronological information and, furthermore, contributes to the general discussion concerning the functionality of the group of stone structures located in the study area (together to the other lines of approach such as documentary sources, cartography, architectural studies and chemical analysis).
The techniques of archaeological photogrammetric interpretation have been of limited
application in the Pampa region, situation that began to change in the last decade under
the impulse of some research projects of historical archaeology. The present work
synthesizes the results of the use of this tool in the study of a group or stone constructions
located in the central portion Tandilia range, where it was used basically as a remote
sensing technique.
The way in which the aerial photographs were analyzed is described and, through the
presentation of different cases –both positive and negative identifications -, the advantages
and the limitations of its application are discussed. One of the conclusions is that the
systematic study of aerial photographs made possible the selection of the places where it
was probable to find stone buildings as well as to get a corpus of general environmental
information, optimizing the time and the resources destined to fieldwork surveying.
Key words:
Archaeological and historical data from two of the earliest sites of Spanish settlement in the Americas (La Isabela, Dominican Republic, 1493-1498; and Puerto Real, Haiti, 1503-1578) indicate that the transformation of Iberian social practice and identity to Iberian-American society and identity was well under way in the households of nonelite Spanish colonists by the early sixteenth century. It is argued that this transformation was conditioned as much by new forms of domestic accommodation - most notably Spanish-Indian-African intermarriage and labor - as it was by European economic, technical, or political developments. Social adjustment to the Americas is strikingly revealed in the archaeological records of households in Spanish colonial towns, particularly when that record is organized and considered from a gendered perspective. Historical archaeology, with its unique multidisciplinary evidential base, has been the best source of information about the daily choices and adjustments made by the European, American Indian, and African residents of sixteenth-century colonial America. The implications of this for cross-cultural comparative study of colonial adaptation and the development of American colonial identity are explored.