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Abstract
In recent years, in order to strengthen the supervision of coal mine safety production, the Chinese government has formulated and promulgated a series of laws and regulations. At the same time, it has strengthened safety management and increased investment in coal mine safety, which also reflects that coal enterprises are gradually paying attention to safety production. The purpose of this paper is to study the coal mine safety risk intelligent management and control and information decision analysis system. This article is to build a safety production early warning system, analyze the risk sources of safety production in different time and space and environmental dimensions, cut the coal mine production system into independent evaluation elements, and overcome the natural environment and the variability, complexity and complexity of the natural environment and risk factors faced by coal mine production. Based on the network evaluation elements, the main factors of coal mine safety production risk are summarized, combined with qualitative and quantitative methods to determine the weights, and the coal mine safety production risk evaluation index system is constructed. This article has tested the system three times and found that the test result is consistent with the actual situation on site.
... For many years to come, coal will remain the main energy source and strategic core of China for the foreseeable future. The coal mine safety situation is still not optimistic because the key areas that determine the unstable development of coal mine safety and its deep-seated contradictions have not been effectively resolved [3]. For example, coal mining causes overlying rocks to collapse and be destroyed. ...
Coal mining causes overlying rocks to collapse and be destroyed. Overburdened crevasses provide a channel for gas discharge, which is a serious safety hazard. To study the evolution characteristics and migration pattern of overburdened fissures during the initial mining period, the 24207 working face of the Shaquan mine was used as a research object. Through similar physical simulation tests, a mechanical model of the mining structure during the initial mining period was constructed to explore the factors influencing the movement pattern of the overburden strata during the initial mining period. The research results show that the evolution of mining-induced fractures in the overburdened strata in the initial mining period mainly experience the slow and rapid rising stages of the fracture dimension, while the stable mining period is in the stable development stage of the fracture dimension. The research results will help supplement and improve the theory of gas disaster prevention and comprehensive resource utilization in the initial mining stage under the mining conditions of high gas and low permeability coal seam group, achieve the goal of “coal and gas co-mining”, and ensure the safe and efficient production of mines.
... The government has also encouraged schoolenterprise cooperation to train high-skilled personnel in the intelligent coal mines, and, at the same time, increased the intensity of intelligent coal mine training, driving the inde-pendent development of intelligent coal mine-related technical personnel and optimizing the development of systems of technical management. Wang [12] has stated that the Chinese government has formulated and promulgated a series of policies and regulations to strengthen the production and safe supervision of intelligent coal mines, and its construction results reflect the strong driving force of government organizations. The "guidance on Accelerating the intelligent development of coal mines" [13] will also strengthen the coordination of departments and enable them to accelerate the improvement of intelligent coal mine-related regulations, policies, and standards. ...
The intelligent transformation of coal mines is an inevitable choice to promote the green transformation of energy and to achieve safety and efficiency in the industry. Exploring the path of its efficient construction is the key to realizing the construction of intelligent coal mines in China. To analyze the configuration paths for the efficient construction of intelligent coal mines, 17 typical coal-producing provinces in China were used as the research object of a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA), and five conditional variables, namely research funds, technical talent, government importance degree, national demonstration, and basic resource support, were selected from four levels (technology, organization, environment, and resources) based on relevant national data from 2019–2021, and multiple configurations as well as multiple driving paths for the construction of intelligent coal mines were discussed. We found that there are three configuration paths that will enable the construction of intelligent coal mines: a technology-driven path under the government’s supervision, a path jointly driven by three-prongs, and a policy-driven path under the resource priority. The critical importance of the government is the common factor among the three driving modes. These research results can provide useful construction ideas for the construction of intelligent coal mines in different regions and enable provincial governments to carry out strategic combination actions according to local conditions to contribute to the efficient construction of intelligent coal mines and the green transformation of energy across the country.
The mine safety performance evaluation and its law were taken as research objects; the human factor, mechanical equipment, management system, environment and technology were taken as mine safety state indexes; accident loss and disabling incident frequency rate as mine safety performance evaluation indexes. The classification standard of safety performance was determined according to the range of influence index and evaluation index, and then the influence index value of safety performance was discretized. According to the classification standard, the classical domain and node domain of safety performance evaluation index classification were determined. Combined with the weight of each safety performance evaluation index, the correlation degree of each mine safety performance evaluation was calculated, and then the mine safety performance was evaluated, and the mine safety performance evaluation decision system was constructed. Based on the dominance-based rough set, the evaluation law of mine safety performance evaluation decision system was analyzed. To generate more reliable laws, an efficient concept lattice reduction method was introduced to reduce the attributes of decision system. The results show that the proposed method can be used to analyze the law of mine safety performance, so as to improve mine safety work.
Rockburst is a dynamic phenomenon characterized by the sudden, abrupt, and violent release of deformation energy in coal and rock masses around mine shafts and slopes that can result in considerable destruction. For prediction and evaluation methods are essential for the prevention and control of rockburst disasters, many machine learning methods are developed for this purpose. To accurately predict rockburst risk, the present study addresses this issue by developing a locally weighted C4.5 decision tree algorithm for predicting the risk of rockburst in coal mines. In the proposed processing, the minimum description length principle is first applied to discretize the continuous attribute data in the raw training dataset. Then, the prediction model based on the C4.5 algorithm is trained by 10-fold cross validation using the adjacent samples selected by the k-nearest neighbors method. Finally, the decision tree is completed by applying pessimistic pruning. The rockburst prediction accuracy of the proposed locally weighted C4.5 algorithm is compared with that obtained by the standard C4.5 algorithm based on field data derived from the Yanshitai coal mine, Chongqing, China. The rockburst risk prediction accuracies obtained by the proposed and standard C4.5 algorithms for the samples in the testing dataset were 100% and 71.43%, respectively. Accordingly, the proposed locally weighted C4.5 algorithm greatly outperformed the standard C4.5 algorithm for the prediction of rockburst risk based on the data considered.
The prediction of roof pressure in mining area plays an important role in effectively preventing roof accidents and ensuring the safety of mine production. Because the roof pressure in the mine is affected by various natural and human factors, and there is a dynamic and fuzzy nonlinear relationship between the factors. At present, the lack of systematic management will seriously limit the analysis and judgment of the mine safety situation, and lead to the occurrence of mine accidents. In this paper, the compaction data of the roof of a mine return air working face in Xuzhou is taken as the experimental data, and an improved grey neural network model is proposed, which combines the grey theory with the neural network algorithm organically. It not only eliminates the shortcomings of the neural network model, but also makes up for the shortcomings of the grey network that cannot carry out self-feedback regulation. MATLAB is used to simulate and test the improved combined prediction model for roof pressure prediction, and the results are compared with those of single grey model and single BP neural network model. The simulation results show that the improved model not only improves the prediction efficiency, shortens the training time, but also improves the accuracy, so it is of great significance to the safety prediction of the mine roof.
According to actual situation of coal mine water disasters and the expert system research survey, the author has proposed the overall structure of the assistance decision system. The author has established the coal mine water disasters assistance decision platform based on dot NET soft. We has realized the formulation of determination and the preventing and controlling measure of the flood of old hole, roof, floor by using dot Net soft and the CLIPS computer language, combining with database platform established the expert knowledge library and the inference library; has solved the time and the spatial disposition question of the most superior sparse water volume by using the methods of finite element and the linear programming; Moreover aims at these questions of the note thick liquid, searching and draining water, the setup of waterproof rock seam, the forecast of water inflow volume, we has produced the correlation computational methods result and the operation craft.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to estimate the domestic agriculture’s contribution to food security in the case of missing imports of food and feed to the food supplies of the country.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses the Decision Support System for food Security Strategy and Supply Management (DSS-ESSA) to simulate whether a country with as low a level of self-sufficiency (around 60 per cent) as Switzerland would theoretically be capable of supplying its own population with a sufficient quantity of domestically produced food. The authors try to estimate the short-term and long-term impacts of the missing imports of food and feed on the energy supply in Switzerland.
Findings
Findings are summarised as follows. Starting with the long-term impact, the results show that in the long-term an energy supply of 2,340 kcal/person/day would be possible if the appropriate available cultivated area and optimised production existed. However, in the short-time, the potential and the time required to adapt and expand agricultural production depends primarily on the crop-rotation land available and on the existing infrastructure.
Research limitations/implications
In the present version of DSS-ESSA no economic and environmental module has been integrated.
Originality/value
The current model version has been funded by the Swiss Federal Office for Agriculture and aims at supporting Swiss policy-makers to guide changes. Numerous additional data such as technical production contexts are regularly checked by experts.
A practical method for analysing the individual stability of large numbers of pillars in bord-and-pillar workings based on mine survey plans is outlined. The procedure aims at modelling pillar safety factors and failure probabilities under tributary area loading assumption in a geographic information system. The mining dimensions and geometries, as available from mine survey plans, are processed in a quasi-3D mine model. Analytical solutions are implemented in the model so as to predict the stability of each individual pillar and its time-dependent deterioration due to scaling. Thus a dynamic analysis is achieved, which gives a good estimate of the risk associated with abandoned mine sites over time. The results can be projected back onto mine survey plans in order to provide an overview of the areal distribution of stability and instability in the underground panels. The limitations and accuracy of the model are discussed. The proposed pillar stability model is applied to real mining situations, including a case of pillar collapse, so as to verify the validity of the technique.
Water inrush from a karst aquifer threatens mine safety in North China because of the special hydrogeological conditions. This paper systematically analyzes the regional hydrogeological conditions of the Cambrian–Ordovician limestone karst aquifer in the Yuxian Basin. Conceptual and mathematical models of karst water flow system are established, and the karst water flow system is simulated by the finite-difference method. The numerical model is checked using hydraulic head from karst water observation holes, and the sensitivity of hydrogeological parameters is analyzed. Further, the risk of water inrush from the karst aquifer underlying the coal seam in the second mining area of the Beiyangzhuang Mine in the basin is evaluated by the water inrush coefficient method. Based on the critical hydraulic head for mining safety, the rate of mine dewatering is simulated for the three stages of the mining plan with the numerical model. The results show that the risk of water inrush in the second mining area is high. The rate of dewatering in the three stages without grouting is 1300, 1860, and 2050 m³/h, respectively, and with local grouting is 1020, 1550, and 1700 m³/h, respectively. Dewatering combined with grouting not only ensures coal mine safety, but also significantly reduces the rate of dewatering. The prediction method of mine dewatering has practical significance in engineering applications.
Coal pillar design has historically assigned a factor of safety (FoS) or stability factor (SF) according to their estimated strength and the assumed overburden load acting on them. Acceptable FoS values have been assigned based on past mining experience or a statistical link between FoS and probability of failure (PoF). Pillar width-to-height (w/h) ratio has long been established as having a material influence on both pillar strength and its potential failure mode. However, there has been significant disagreement on using both factor of safety (FoS) and w/h as part of pillar system stability criterion, as compared to using FoS in isolation. This paper will argue that there are valid technical reasons to bring w/h ratio into system stability criteria (other than its influence on pillar strength), as it is related to the post-failure stiffness of the pillar, as measured in situ, and its interaction with overburden stiffness. When overburden stiffness is also brought into pillar system stability considerations, two issues emerge. The first is the width-to-depth (W/D) ratio of the panel and whether it is sub-critical or super-critical from a surface subsidence perspective. The second relates to a re-evaluation of pillar FoS based on whether the pillar is in an elastic or non-elastic (i.e., post-yield) state in its as-designed condition, as this is relevant to maintaining overburden stiffness at the highest possible level. The significance of the model is the potential to maximise both reserve recovery and mining efficiencies without any discernible increase in geotechnical risk, particularly in thick seams and higher depth of cover mining situations. At a time when mining economics are, at best, marginal, removing potentially unnecessary design conservatism is of interest to all mine operators and is an important topic for discussion amongst the geotechnical community.
Coal pillar design has historically been based on assigning a design Factor of Safety (FoS) or Stability Factor (SF) to coal pillars according to their estimated strength and the assumed overburden load acting upon them. Acceptable FoS values have been assigned based on past mining experience and at least one methodology includes the determination of a statistical link between FoS and Probability of Failure (PoF).
The role of pillar width:height (w/h) ratio has long been established as having a material influence on both the strength of a coal pillar and also its potential mode of failure. However, there has been significant professional disagreement on using both FoS and w/h ratio as part of a combined pillar system stability criterion as compared to using FoS in isolation. The argument being that as w/h ratio is intrinsic to pillar strength, which in turn is intrinsic to FoS, it makes no sense to include w/h ratio twice in the stability assessment. At face value this logic is sound.
However, this paper will argue and attempt to demonstrate that there is a valid technical reason to bring w/h ratio into system stability criteria (other than its influence on pillar strength), this relating to the post-failure stiffness of the pillar, as has been measured in situ, and its interaction with overburden stiffness.
By bringing overburden stiffness into pillar system stability considerations, two issues become of direct relevance. The first is the width:depth (W/H) ratio of the panel, in particular whether it is sub-critical or super-critical from a surface subsidence perspective. As a minimum, this directly relates to the accuracy of the pillar loading assumption of full tributary area loading. The second relates to a re-evaluation of pillar FoS based on whether the pillar is in an elastic or non-elastic (i.e. post-yield) state in its as-designed condition, this being relevant to maintaining overburden stiffness at the highest possible level.
The significance of the model being presented is the potential to maximise both reserve recovery and mining efficiencies without any discernible increase in geotechnical risk, particularly in thick seam and higher cover depth mining situations. At a time when mining economics are at best marginal, the ability to remove unnecessary design conservatism without negatively impacting those catastrophic risks that relate to global mine stability, should be of interest to all mine operators and is an important topic for discussion amongst the geotechnical fraternity.
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) explores the use of the latest WSN technology in coal mine safety intelligent wireless monitoring, especially the three key technologies that need to solve the WSN wireless communication, transmission routing protocol and positioning algorithm for underground safety monitoring. The application of wireless sensor network in coal mine safety intelligent monitoring system is proposed, this paper discusses the principle and advantages of wireless sensor network and the design basis of wireless sensor network in intelligent monitoring system of coal mine safety. Based on the current situation and existing problems of the low level of intelligence of coal mine safety monitoring system, the design scheme and monitoring mechanism of coal mine safety intelligent monitoring system are proposed, and the feasibility of wireless sensor network in the application of coal mine safety intelligent monitoring system is discussed. Finally, the gateway proposed in this research was tested by laboratory simulation, and the results showed that the gateway designed in this research had good reliability and stability, and proposed a new solution for the design of coal mine safety monitoring system.
This article analyses the decision-making process of the UN Security Council when it adopts outcome documents, such as resolutions, Presidential statements and press statements. It is commonly assumed that because of their veto power and permanency China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States have greater influence than their elected counterparts in shaping those outcomes. In recent years, that control has been strengthened by the penholdership system. Under this practice, one or more members, usually France, the United States or the United Kingdom (P3), take leadership over a situation on the agenda of the Council. When ‘holding the pen’ a member often decides what action the Council should take, then drafts an outcome document that it negotiates with other permanent members before sharing the text with elected members. This article explores the development of this practice and its impact on the respect for the rule of law in the Security Council’s decision-making process. It argues that, while concentrating power in the hands of the P3, hence diminishing transparency and the opportunity for all members to participate in the decision-making of the Council, at the same time the penholdership system also provides an avenue to strengthen elected members’ influence in ways that promote respect for the international rule of law.
The search for effective ways to promote the secure operation of power systems and to increase its understanding by operators has encouraged continuous research for new techniques and methods that can help in this task. In this paper, it is proposed an approach to assess power system operation security for multiple contingencies using a multiway decision tree (MDT). The MDT differs from other decision tree techniques for establishing, in the training step, one value of the categorical attributes by branch. This approach proposes the use of topologies (contingencies) as categorical attributes. In this way, it improves interpretability regarding the power system operational state, as the operator can see clearly the critical variables for each topology, such that the MDT rules can be used in aiding the decision-making. This proposal was used for security assessment of the Northern part of the Brazilian Interconnected Power System (BIPS), and it was tested with real data from one day operation, demonstrating good performance, with a set of simple and clear rules. It was also performed a comparison of the obtained results with other techniques based on DT and it turned out that MDT has resulted in a simpler procedure for power system security classification with good accuracy.
Arch closing in on permit for met coal mine expansion, but decision not made yet
- K Taylor