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The experimental investigation of the electrostatic field influence on carbon monoxide and nitric oxide exhausting during the polymer combustion
... In [4], we proposed a waste incineration plant that allows to establish the influence of various aerodynamic conditions, including the electrostatic field, on CO and NO emissions during rubber combustion. However, [3,5] indicate the presence of polymer combustion individual characteristics, which prevents the studied methods implementation for polypropylene. Thus, the work sets the task of studying ways to reduce CO emissions during the polypropylene combustion in an incinerator. ...
... At the same time, reverse polarity (when the lower electrode has a minus sign) turned out to be more effective. The data obtained are in satisfactory agreement with the results of the electrostatic field influence on the polypropylene diffusion combustion study [5]. ...
A large number of polypropylene medical products require special disposal conditions. The most effective and simplest method is combustion. At the same time, it is necessary to minimize harmful emissions that inevitably arise when organizing this process. The paper presents the study results of the combustion rate and combustion completeness depending on the oxidizer supply conditions and the characteristics of the external electric field created in the combustion zone. The possibility of increasing the productivity and combustion plant environmental friendliness has been shown.
... Стремление к устойчивому развитию полимерной промышленности вызвано тем, чтобы найти способы сохранить ресурсы Земли для будущих поколений и уменьшить вредные последствия загрязнения окружающей среды полимерным мусором. Утилизация полимерных отходов путями механической переработки и мусоросжигания сопряжена с существенными экологическими ограничениями [1][2][3]. На рынках и в производстве пластмасс следование современному тренду будет означать отказ от ископаемых источников сырья для синтеза полимеров и переход к возобновляемым источникам, таким как растения, а также активное использование вторичного сырья. Полилактид (ПЛА) -это алифатический полимер молочной кислоты, получаемой путём ферментативной переработки растительного сырья. ...
... После сушки пластину с образцом взвешивали на аналитических весах с точностью 0,1 мг. В качестве фотостабилизаторов были исследованы вещества (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), структурные формулы которых представлены на рисунке 1. Для ing the photodegradation of polylactide was manifested by 1% concentrations of 2-isobornyl-4-methylphenol and 2-isobornyl-6-methylphenol. In this case, the delocalization of the unpaired electron in the conjugation chain with the formation of many resonance forms contributed to the transfer of the radical to polylactide macromolecules. ...
Polylactide is one of the most environmentally friendly polymers to replace fossil-based materials. In this work we quantitatively evaluated the effectiveness of new photostabilizers in preventing the photodegradation of polylactide under UVC radiation by using the spectrometric criteria calculated from FTIR spectra. We have proposed a method including a treatment of the samples of polylactide mixed with the photostabilizers by the UV radiation with a wavelength of 254 nm for 4 hours followed by the calculation of the effectiveness of the photostabilizer based on the FTIR spectrometric data. The number of terminal hydroxyl groups increased during photodegradation due to the cleavage of ester bonds in the polymer, this caused the increase of the absorption at 3600–3100 cm-1 in the FTIR spectra. Several photostabilizers of the terpenophenol class were studied, namely 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol, 2-isobornylphenol, 2-isobornyl-4-methylphenol and 2-isobornyl-6-methylphenol, as well as bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate – the well-known hindered amine light stabilizer. The mass concentrations of these photostabilizers varied from 0.05 to 1.00%. The best protection effect from the UVC radiation in regard to polylactide was shown by 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol at the concentration of 0.05% by weight. Its photoprotective activity was almost 2 times higher than that of bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacate of the same concentration. The high photoprotecting activity of 4-methyl-2,6-diisobornylphenol was due to the increased stability of the phenoxy radical provided by bulky isobornyl substituents in the aromatic ring. In the opposite, the strong photosensitizing effect accelerating the photodegradation of polylactide was manifested by 1% concentrations of 2-isobornyl-4-methylphenol and 2-isobornyl-6-methylphenol. In this case, the delocalization of the unpaired electron in the conjugation chain with the formation of many resonance forms contributed to the transfer of the radical to polylactide macromolecules. The protection of polylactide from UVC radiation opens up prospects for expanding the areas of application of polylactide, a polymer synthesized from renewable raw materials.
... The influence of the configuration and field strength on these substances concentrations in the combustion products is noted. In [7], the possibility of controlling the polymeric materials combustion completeness by applying an electric field to the combustion zone was shown. ...
The article presents the study results of the solid waste components (on the example of polystyrene) combustion optimizing based on traditional solutions used in the furnaces organization (stratified combustion, combustion in a vortex flow, combustion products recirculation), as well as due to the electrostatic field impact. Relative changes in the CO and NO emissions values were obtained for various methods of air supply to the combustion chamber and electrostatic field parameters. The use of an electrostatic field with a potential difference of 3–4 kV made it possible to increase the combustion efficiency, which led to a decrease in the formation of CO by up to 40%, and NO to almost zero.
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