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Gljive Spomenika prirode Tajan
Abstract
Knjiga "Gljive Spomenika prirode Tajan" pruža preliminarni uvid u diverzitet mikobiote Tajana. U publikaciji je obrađeno sedam najznačajnijih područja u okviru ovog protektorata te su taksonomski i morfološki predstavljene i izdvojene neke od zabilježenih vrsta gljiva.
Knjiga donosi i preliminarni popis gljiva Spomenika prirode Tajan koji sadrži 406 vrsta, od čega 266 pripada odjeljku Basidiomycota, a 140 odjeljku Ascomycota. Jedan dio vrsta predstavlja prve nalaze za Bosnu i Hercegovinu dok su pojedini nalazi značajni za mikobiotu regiona općenito.
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Peridotitsko-serpentinitska područja predstavljaju specifična staništa, što se odražava na flori i vegetaciji, koja se odlikuje mnogim osobenostima, zbog kojih se ona floristički i vegetacijski izdvajaju od drugih. Ove činjenice privlačile su pažnju brojnih istraživača koji su se, medjutim, više orijentisali na izučavanje flore i vegetacije kserotermnih staništa gdje je, zbog ekstremnijih stanišnih uslova, jače ispoljen uticaj supstrata pa su florističke i vegetacijske osobenosti izraženije. Ponekad su to bile čisto florističke studije bez analize vegetacijskih odnosa ili je istraživanju vegetacije dato manje značenje. Iz tih razloga mezofilne zajednice u analizama flore i vegetacije peridotitsko-serpentinitskih područja, kod većine autora, zauzimale su znatno manje prostora. Ovo je slučaj i sa šumama bukve i jele, koje predstavljaju najzastupljenije mezofilne zajednice na ovim supstratima. Dosadašnjim istraživanjima ovih šuma u nas, na osnovu kojih su opisane i izdvojene kao različite sistematske kategorije, od varijante do asocijacije, date su ekološko-florističke karakteristike ovih šuma uglavnom na osnovu fitocenoloških snimanja manjeg obima. Pri tome su neka pitanja ostala nedovoljno razjašnjena, naročito odnosi ovih šuma prema drugim šumama bukve i jele, te uopšte njihov sistematski položaj. Ocjenjujući potrebu za novim istraživanjima ovih šuma,napisan je ovaj rad sa težnjom da se da novi doprinos njihovom poznavanju. On se zasniva na velikom broju fitocenoloških i pedoloških snimaka koji su prikupljeni prilikom sprovodjenja inventure šuma na velikim površinama (1964-1968) i tipoloških i pedoloških kartiranja (1969-1976) iz svih područja rasprostranjenja šuma bukve i jele na peridotitsko-serpentinitskim zemljištima u Bosni.
Five new species are described, Plusiocampa (Didymocampa) cvijici Sendra & Antić, sp. nov., Plusiocampa
(Plusiocampa) atom Sendra & Antić, sp. nov., Plusiocampa (Stygiocampa) barethae Sendra & Rađa, sp. nov., Plusiocampa
(Stygiocampa) dulcici Sendra & Rađa, sp. nov. and Plusiocampa (Venetocampa) pirnati Sendra & Borko, sp. nov. This
brings the number of cave-adapted species of campodeids known from the Dinarides, Eastern Alps, Balkan System
and Rodope Massif to 28 (one species in the genus Campodea and 27 in Plusiocampa). Among Plusiocampa, four out
of five subgenera are present (Pentachaetocampa is not present in the region studied): Didymocampa (one species),
Plusiocampa s. str. (15 species), Stygiocampa (eight species) and Venetocampa (three species), whereby Stygiocampa
and Venetocampa are endemic to the studied region. These results reveal the importance of the Dinarides karst region
as a centre of diversification for campodeids and for cave animals in general. A monophyletic subgroup, consisting
of Stygiocampa, Venetocampa and Plusiocampa s. str. and characterized by the absence of medial posterior thoracic
macrosetae, presumably colonized the Dinaric plate during the middle of the Cenozoic and occurs in that area since then.
Knjiga „Diverzitet gljiva Zaštićenog pejzaža "Konjuh" - Inventarizacija, zaštita i promocija” bavi se prezentacijom preliminarnih rezultata mikoloških istraživanja realizovanih tokom 2019. i 2020. godine na teritoriji Zaštićenog pejzaža "Konjuh", trenutno jedinog protektorata na području Tuzlanskog kantona.
U okviru knjige izdvojeno je i predstavljeno 114 vrsta gljiva iz odjeljaka Ascomycota i Basidiomycota te predstavljen popis gljiva ZP "Konjuh" sa ukupno 399 različitih vrsta. Za manji broj registrovanih vrsta predloženi su odgovarajući IUCN statusi i kategorije, a u skladu sa provedenom evaluacijom i relevantnim konzervacijskim kriterijima. Na osnovu predloženih kategorija i procjene ugroženosti pojedinih staništa, upravi zaštićenog područja su predložene i odgovarajuće mjere i aktivnosti s ciljem održavanja, ali i unapređenja postojećeg stanja i diverziteta gljiva.
Autori unutar knjige nastavljaju i s prijedlogom implementacije koncepta IFA područja, u koja se, uzimajući u obzir realizovana istraživanja, ubraja i ZP "Konjuh".
Ostropales sensu lato is a large group comprising both lichenized and non-lichenized fungi, with several lineages expressing optional lichenization where individuals of the same fungal species exhibit either saprotrophic or lichenized lifestyles depending on the substrate (bark or wood). Greatly variable phenotypic characteristics and large-scale phylogenies have led to frequent changes in the taxonomic circumscription of this order. Ostropales sensu lato is currently split into Graphidales, Gyalectales, Odontotrematales, Ostropales sensu stricto, and Thelenellales. Ostropales sensu stricto is now confined to the family Stictidaceae, which includes a large number of species that are poorly known, since they usually have small fruiting bodies that are rarely collected, and thus, their taxonomy remains partly unresolved. Here, we introduce a new genus Ostropomyces to accommodate a novel lineage related to Ostropa, which is composed of two new species, as well as a new species of Sphaeropezia, S. shangrilaensis. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of mitochondrial small subunit spacers (mtSSU), large subunit nuclear rDNA (LSU), and internal transcribed spacers (ITS) sequence data, together with phenotypic data documented by detailed morphological and anatomical analyses, support the taxonomic affinity of the new taxa in Stictidaceae. Ancestral character state analysis did not resolve the ancestral nutritional status of Stictidaceae with confidence using Bayes traits, but a saprotrophic ancestor was indicated as most likely in a Bayesian binary Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling (MCMC) approach. Frequent switching in nutritional modes between lineages suggests that lifestyle transition played an important role in the evolution of this family.
Clitopilus hobsonii (Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) is a common soil saprotroph. There is also evidence that C. hobsonii can act as a root endophyte benefitting tree growth. Here, we report the genome assembly of C. hobsonii QYL-10, isolated from ectomycorrhizal root tips of Quercus lyrata. The genome size is 36.93 Mb, consisting of 13 contigs (N 50 = 3.3 Mb) with 49.2% GC content. Of them, 10 contigs approached the length of intact chromosomes, and three had telomeres at one end only. BUSCO analysis reported a completeness score of 98.4%, using Basidiomycota_odb10 lineage data. Combining ab-initio, RNA-seq data, and homology-based predictions, we identified 12,710 protein-coding genes. Approximately, 1.43 Mb of transposable elements (3.88% of the assembly), 36 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, and 361 genes encoding putative carbohydrate-active enzymes were identified. This genomic resource will allow functional studies aimed to characterize the symbiotic interactions between C. hobsonii and its host trees and will also provide a valuable foundation for further research on comparative genomics of the Entolomataceae.
[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Based on both molecular data obtained from databases and from new studies of type collections of species of Peziza described by Donadini and morphological characters, taxonomical changes are proposed. Some names are given based on lineages of the Pezizaceae previously assigned to Peziza. A new multigene phylogeny (LSu, RPB2, β-tubulin) is provided. The following genera are reinstated: Daleomyces Setch., with D. gardneri (syn. Peziza proteana f. sparassoides) as type species, Geoscypha (Cooke) Lambotte, with Peziza violacea as type species, and Phaeopezia Sacc. ex Vido, with Peziza apiculata as type species. Peziza sect. Pur-pureodiscus, with Peziza subisabellina as type species, is raised to the generic rank. Six new genera are proposed: Ionopezia, with Peziza gerardii as type species, Malvipezia, with Peziza howsei as type species, Elaiopezia, with Galactinia polaripapulata as type species, Paragalactinia, with Peziza succosa as type species, Phylloscypha, with Peziza phyllogena as type species, and Legaliana, with Peziza badia as type species. The genera Galactinia, Heteroplegma, Infundibulum, Iotidea, Paramitra and Podaleuris are also discussed. The amy-loid reaction of asci is also discussed and characterised with three new categories inspired by those of Hansen et al. (2001).
L'auteur présente et commente quelques espèces de Basidiomycètes, rares ou intéressantes, récoltées entre 2008 et 2010 dans l'arc alpin savoyard. Sont présentés les taxons suivants : Alpova alpestris P. A. Abstract The author presents and comments some rare or very interesting Basidiomycetes species collected between 2008 and 2010 in the alpine arc of Savoy (France). The following taxa are presented: Alpova alpestris P. A. Moreau & F. Richard,
Two interesting and rarely occurring species of fungi from the order Pezizales found in Bosnia and Herze-govina are presented here. Ecology, morphology, microscopic characters and conservation status of Peziza montirivicola and Trichophaea flavobrunnea are briefly discussed in the paper. Notes on the similar species of operculate discomycetes are given.