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Towards a Four-Dimensional Dynamic Trust Model in B2C Cross-Border E-Commerce
... There are numerous trust theories. Among these are the Organization theory [46], Economic theory [47], and Systems Theory [48] applied in this work. This research paper proposed the use of a technologyenhanced fraud prevention e-commerce model known as the Multi Authentication e-commerce (MAE) transaction model to restore confidence and enhance trust in individuals involved in e-commerce transactions [7]. ...
Article Info The advancement of E-commerce brings trust concerns in society, due to the lack of physical inspection of items by customers. Online fraud is badly menacing the customers and e-commerce boom in society because E-commerce has removed the barriers of physical contact between merchants and customers in the business environment thus making the online transaction to be vulnerable. This has brought some challenges and of most importance is customers' trust amidst fraudulent transactions. The problem of customer trust due to fraud has mandated greater cooperation between organizations and customers to enhance trust. In this paper, a Multi-Authentication E-commerce (MAE) system that uses rule-based methods and distinct checks to prevent fraud from false virtual stores, thus enhancing customers' trust, was designed using a Java card fraud detection framework, configured rules, customized filters, and tools, to achieve high rates of fraud prevention. This model uses a centralized merchant registration retrieval (CMRR) system to ensure efficiency, accuracy, and comprehensive customer fraud prevention and support. The MAE model was tested and evaluated using multiple regression analysis on the data generated on IBM SPSS 2.0. The result revealed that customer trust is guaranteed and enhanced in the MAE model because fraud is prevented when the merchant's location is verified. The CMRR component can guarantee merchant integrity. The evaluation of the parameters used in the data analysis of the structured questionnaire showed that customers' trust is dependent on fraud prevention and trust is enhanced through the use of CMRR for fraud prevention in online transactions. In future, another algorithm can be combined with rule-based technique to counter new fraudulent actions as it will enhance the efficiency of the CMRR.
The investigation of established drivers of online purchase behavior is of great relevance during the COVID-19 pandemic, as companies must anticipate consumer behavior during this global crisis to maintain a competitive edge. This study investigates online shopping motives of generation Y and Z during the COVID-19 shutdown in April 2020. We use survey data from 451 German consumers to examine the relations between normative, utilitarian and hedonic motives, and purchase intentions employing structural equation modeling. The results show that normative determinants such as media reports on the economic situation are related to consumers’ purchase intentions, whereas the normative influence of close social networks is not. Furthermore, we find that hedonic motivation is a better predictor of purchase intentions than utilitarian motives and that individuals practicing social distancing, generation Z, and women show higher levels of hedonic motivation. We provide recommendations for e-commerce companies on ways to address consumers’ purchase motives and strategically harness normative influences.
Currently, digital technology makes people can do online shopping using e-commerce. Sales of FMCG products through e-commerce websites are currently growing rapidly and will continue to improve in the following years. When using a website, user experience becomes more important than any other products or services. However, from previous research, there is still usability problem when a user using the official store for FMCG product in an e-commerce website. This study aims to evaluate the official store’s user interface using the user experience approach with performance metrics, self-reported metrics, behavioral metrics, and issue-based metrics that assess performance, perception, behavior, and issue that the user perceives when interacting with the website. Based on the evaluation results, the dimensions of ease of use, interface quality, and satisfaction was not good enough, so that strategy and interface design recommendation are done.
This paper aims to shed light on the complexities and difficulties in predicting the effects of trust and the experience of online auction participants on bid levels in online auctions. To provide some insights into learning by bidders, a field study was conducted first, to examine auction and bidder characteristics from eBay auctions of rare coins. We proposed that such learning is partly because of institutional-based trust. Data were then gathered from 453 participants in an online experiment and survey, and a structural equation model was used to analyze the results. This paper reveals that experience has a nonmonotonic effect on the levels of online auction bids. Contrary to previous research on traditional auctions, as online auction bidders gain more experience, their level of institutional-based trust increases and leads to higher bid levels. Data also show that both a bidder’s selling and bidding experiences increase bid levels, with the selling experience having a somewhat stronger effect. This paper offers an in-depth study that examines the effects of experience and learning and bid levels in online auctions. We postulate this learning is because of institutional-based trust. Although personal trust in sellers has received a significant amount of research attention, this paper addresses an important gap in the literature by focusing on institutional-based trust.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to extend the current literature on trust-building mechanisms in e-commerce and provide a comprehensive view of how the perceived usefulness of three types of online trust-building mechanisms affects trust in the e-seller and trust in the e-marketplace, which, in turn, shape the customer repurchase intentions.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were collected from 193 eBay customers to test the proposed research model.
Findings
The study found that the perceived usefulness of seller-based mechanism affects both trust in the e-marketplace and trust in the e-seller. Meanwhile, the perceived usefulness of experience-based mechanism only influences trust in the e-seller and the perceived usefulness of institution-based mechanism (IBM) only affects trust in the e-marketplace. Furthermore, this study found that trust in the e-marketplace can substitute for the effect of trust in the e-seller on customer repurchase intentions.
Practical implications
In an e-marketplace like eBay that does not involve much in the transaction process, e-sellers should invest more resources in building attractive and informative websites about their products and organizations. Moreover, e-marketplace owners should provide guidelines and enforce policies to improve the perceived usefulness of an IBM to increase an e-marketplace’s credibility. While such e-marketplace credibility does not affect customer repurchase intentions directly, it reduces customer concerns about individual e-sellers, which makes it easier for e-sellers to retain customers.
Originality/value
This study delineates how the perceived usefulness of three types of online trust-building mechanisms imposes different effects on trust in the e-marketplace and trust in the e-seller. Moreover, this study reveals the intertwined relationship between trust in the e-marketplace and trust in the e-seller that is different from extant studies conducted in marketplaces like Amazon.
Computer systems cannot improve organizational performance if they aren't used. Unfortunately, resistance to end-user systems by managers and professionals is a widespread problem. To better predict, explain, and increase user acceptance, we need to better understand why people accept or reject computers. This research addresses the ability to predict peoples' computer acceptance from a measure of their intentions, and the ability to explain their intentions in terms of their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and related variables. In a longitudinal study of 107 users, intentions to use a specific system, measured after a one-hour introduction to the system, were correlated 0.35 with system use 14 weeks later. The intention-usage correlation was 0.63 at the end of this time period. Perceived usefulness strongly influenced peoples' intentions, explaining more than half of the variance in intentions at the end of 14 weeks. Perceived ease of use had a small but significant effect on intentions as well, although this effect subsided over time. Attitudes only partially mediated the effects of these beliefs on intentions. Subjective norms had no effect on intentions. These results suggest the possibility of simple but powerful models of the determinants of user acceptance, with practical value for evaluating systems and guiding managerial interventions aimed at reducing the problem of underutilized computer technology.
Information technology (IT) acceptance research has yielded many competing models, each with different sets of acceptance determinants. In this paper, we (1) review user acceptance literature and discuss eight prominent models, (2) empiri- cally compare the eight models and their exten- sions, (3) formulate a unified model that integrates elements across the eight models, and (4) empiri- cally validate the unified model. The eight models reviewed are the theory of reasoned action, the technology acceptance model, the motivational model, the theory of planned behavior, a model combining the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior, the model of PC utilization, the innovation diffusion theory, and the social cognitive theory. Using data from four organizations over a six-month period with three points of measurement, the eight models ex- plained between 17 percent and 53 percent of the variance in user intentions to use information technology. Next, a unified model, called the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Tech- nology (UTAUT), was formulated, with four core determinants of intention and usage, and up to four moderators of key relationships. UTAUT was then tested using the original data and found to outperform the eight individual models (adjusted
vidence suggests that consumers often hesitate to transact with Web-based vendors be- cause of uncertainty about vendor behavior or the perceived risk of having personal information stolen by hackers. Trust plays a central role in helping consumers overcome per- ceptions of risk and insecurity. Trust makes consumers comfortable sharing personal infor- mation, making purchases, and acting on Web vendor advice—behaviors essential to wide- spread adoption of e-commerce. Therefore, trust is critical to both researchers and practitioners. Prior research on e-commerce trust has used diverse, incomplete, and inconsis- tent definitions of trust, making it difficult to compare results across studies. This paper con- tributes by proposing and validating measures for a multidisciplinary, multidimensional model of trust in e-commerce. The model includes four high-level constructs—disposition to trust, institution-based trust, trusting beliefs, and trusting intentions—which are further de- lineated into 16 measurable, literature-grounded subconstructs. The psychometric properties of the measures are demonstrated through use of a hypothetical, legal advice Web site. The results show that trust is indeed a multidimensional concept. Proposed relationships among the trust constructs are tested (for internal nomological validity), as are relationships between the trust constructs and three other e-commerce constructs (for external nomological valid- ity)—Web experience, personal innovativeness, and Web site quality. Suggestions for future research as well as implications for practice are discussed. (Trust; Trusting Beliefs; Trusting Intentions; Institution-Based Trust; Disposition to Trust; e- Commerce; Measure; Site Quality; Disposition; Nomological Network; Web Vendor)
The power of Web enablement is that geographical boundaries disappear for an enterprise. Thus, an E-commerce initiative can easily become a global E-commerce initiative. Nevertheless, before conducting E-business globally, Web-enabled enterprises must consider an array of international economic, technological, social, and legal issues, which this article examines.
The rise of internet usage worldwide has created a new phenomenon of consumer behaviour, in which the consumers’ attention has been shifted to online purchasing. The increase confidence in technology and online payment sectors are causing a change in consumer behaviour, away from traditional methods (Khouloud, 2020). Statista (2018) reported an estimated amount of 1.8 billion people worldwide now purchase their goods online. According to the Internet World Statistics (2020), there are over 3 billion internet users globally, thus representing a 577% increase in growth when compared to the global population of internet users in 2000. This trend indicates that online shopping has a lot of potential and benefits to societies and businesses worldwide. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the best population in online shopping research for Malaysia context.
Purpose
Although prior works in online retailing have addressed the influence of trust on customer responses, they conceptualized trust as a single dimension. Based on social-psychological literature and sociological literature, this study proposes that consumer trust in an online retailer has two principal forms: cognitive trust and affective trust. The purpose of this paper is to examine various factors influencing the development of each form of customer online trust and the subsequent effect on customer satisfaction (CS) and loyalty intention (LI).
Design/methodology/approach
Survey approach is employed to validate the research model. Data are collected from 334 Indian consumers and using structural equation modeling the causal pathways of the model are investigated.
Findings
The results show that cognitive trust and affective trust are empirically distinguished variables in online retailing context. Cognitive trust and affective trust are found to mediate the relationship between perceived website quality, security and privacy policy, prior-interaction experience, perceived e-tailer reputation and shared value and CS. CS also positively influences LI toward the online retailer.
Practical implications
The paper provides interesting insights about Indian consumers’ evaluation of online retailers. These useful insights would enable both international and national online retailers to develop and apply different strategies to improve customer trust, which is a key driver of CS and LI.
Originality/value
Drawing from signaling theory and organizational studies literature, this paper investigates the relationship between different antecedents and affect-based and cognition-based trust in online retailing context. In particular, this is the first study to examine multi-dimensional nature of consumer trust in online retailing context. Besides, this paper clearly shows that cognitive trust and affective trust are the mediating variables that positively affect CS toward online retailers and help in building strong customer LI.
This study uses Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory to explain variance in consumer trust in e-commerce. We model trust as a combination of a consumer's disposition to trust and context specific trustworthiness of an online store. The study hypothesizes direct effects of national cultural dimensions on disposition to trust, and of disposition to trust on dimensions of trustworthiness. We also examine whether and how disposition to trust mediates the effects between national culture and trustworthiness of an online store. We test the hypotheses with a sample of 616 online bookstore customers from China and Finland, countries that represent opposite cultural poles in many respects. We find that national culture solely explain 23% of the variance in the consumer's general disposition to trust, and that disposition to trust is a highly significant predictor of the perceived trustworthiness of an online store. We further find that the mediating role of disposition to trust between national culture and trustworthiness depends greatly on the individual cultural dimension studied.
A meta-analysis examined the role of online trust in business-to-consumer e-commerce. The analysis of 16 pairwise relationships derived from 150 empirical studies involving online trust revealed that online trust exhibits significant relationships with selected antecedents (e.g., perceived privacy, perceived service quality) and consequences (e.g., loyalty, repeat purchase intention). Even so, additional analyses demonstrated that methodological characteristics such as study design, website type, and type of items used to measure the trust construct moderated certain online trust relationships. These additional analyses indicated that the relationships between online trust and its respective antecedents and consequences are simultaneously more idiosyncratic, complex, and subtle than previously envisioned. Implications of the analyses for theory, practice, and future research are discussed.
The effects of e-commerce institutional mechanisms on trust and online purchase have traditionally been understood in the initial online purchase context. This study extends this literature by exploring the role of ecommerce institutional mechanisms in the online repurchase context. In doing so, it responds to the emerging call for understanding the institutional context under which customer trust operates in an e-commerce environment. Specifically, this study introduces a key moderator, perceived effectiveness of e-commerce institutional mechanisms (PEEIM), to the relationships between trust, satisfaction, and repurchase intention. Drawing on the theory of organizational trust, and based on a survey of 362 returning online customers, we find that PEEIM negatively moderates the relationship between trust in an online vendor and online customer repurchase intention, as it decreases the importance of trust to promoting repurchase behavior. We also find that PEEIM positively moderates the relationship between customer satisfaction and trust as it enhances the customer's reliance on past transaction experience with the vendor to reevaluate trust in the vendor. Consistent with the predictions made in the literature, PEEIM does not directly affect trust or repurchase intention. Academic and practical implications and future research directions are discussed.
Previous research indicates that perceived usefulness is a major determinant and predictor of intentions to use computers in the workplace. In contrast, the impact of enjoyment on usage intentions has not been examined. Two studies are reported concerning the relative effects of usefulness and enjoyment on intentions to use, and usage of, computers in the workplace. Usefulness had a strong effect on usage intentions in both Study 1, regarding word processing software (β=.68), and Study 2, regarding business graphics programs (β=.79). As hypothesized, enjoyment also had a significant effect on intentions in both studies, controlling for perceived usefulness (β=.16 and 0.15 for Studies 1 and 2, respectively). Study 1 found that intentions correlated 0.63 with system usage and that usefulness and enjoyment influenced usage behavior entirely indirectly through their effects on intentions. In both studies, a positive interaction between usefulness and enjoyment was observed. Together, usefulness and enjoyment explained 62% (Study 1) and 75% (Study 2) of the variance in usage intentions. Moreover, usefulness and enjoyment were found to mediate fully the effects on usage intentions of perceived output quality and perceived ease of use. As hypothesized, a measure of task importance moderated the effects of ease of use and output quality on usefulness but not on enjoyment. Several implications are drawn for how to design computer programs to be both more useful and more enjoyable in order to increase their acceptability among potential users.
The Technology Acceptance Model and two variations of the Theory of Planned Behavior were compared to assess which model best helps to understand usage of information technology. The models were compared using student data collected from 786 potential users of a computer resource center. Behavior data was based on monitoring 3,780 visits to the resource center over a 12-week period. Weighted least squares estimation revealed that all three models performed well in terms of fit and were roughly equivalent in terms of their ability to explain behavior. Decomposing the belief structures in the Theory of Planned Behavior provided a moderate increase in the explanation of behavioral intention. Overall, the results indicate that the decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior provides a fuller understanding of behavioral intention by focusing on the factors that are likely to influence systems use through the application of both design and implementation strategies. Copyright © 1995 Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences.
Discussion and Analysis of the Impact of Public Opinion in the Web upon National Security
- Tang Ke-Chao
Social foundation of thought and action. Albert Bandura. 1986. Social foundation of thought and action
- Albert Bandura
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Research on user acceptance model of internet of things based on UTAUT theory
- Wan Su Xin-Hua
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