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International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
Inner Disposition and Social Formation of Junior
High School Students towards Corporal Works of
Mercy
Richard M. Oco1, Mary Issa Grace B. Florendo2, Erlinda A. Quirap3
richard.oco[at]deped.gov.ph
maryissagrace.florendo[at]deped.gov.ph
caelquirap[at]gmail.com
Abstract: This study aimed to investigate and explore the impact of inner disposition and social formation towards students’ corporal
works of mercy. A total of 320 selected junior high school students participated in this study. To facilitate such concern, Survey ques-
tionnaire was used to gather data and information. Unstructured Interview to the respondents were done by the researcher to validate
the gathered data. Mean, Percentage, Standard Deviation and Spearman Rho Correlation were the statistical tools used in this research.
The results showed that the respondents’ inner disposition was at high level. Level of social formation was at very high level with school
formation being rated higher level compared to family influence. Level of willingness to practice corporal works of mercy was rated
high with feeding the hungry at very high level. Significant positive correlations were established between inner disposition and level of
social formation towards level of willingness to perform corporal works of mercy. The respondents felt that serving others and volun-
teering promotes positive outlook towards others and in the future endeavors. The respondents believe that inner disposition and experi-
ence of formation has significant impact towards their willingness to practice corporal works of mercy. The respondents were fully ori-
ented regarding the necessary standard corporal works of mercy but finds school activities about it were minimal in terms of applying
what they learn. Thus, school and home are intertwined in developing one’s personality.
Keywords: Inner Disposition, Social formation, Corporal Works of Mercy
1. Introduction
One of the Christian and civic responsibilities that must be
done by young individuals is their concern towards the wel-
fare of their neighbors in terms of bodily needs (food, water,
clothes, etc.). Helping those in need comes in various ways,
but the most concrete way it is expressed have been clearly
accentuated by the Catholic Church in terms of the virtue of
mercy revealed by Jesus Christ (CFC 972).
Important theoretical contributions to our understanding of
this study are the theories of Freud, Watson, Herzberg and
Maslow. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory stated that personali-
ty has three components that are dynamic and interacts with
each other to influence individual’s behavior and personality.
The critical part on the development of these components is
that it happens as the child develops. Thus, interactions with
family and friends and exposure to environment like home
and school is very important (Cherry, 2019).
Furthermore, Watson’s behaviorism theory suggests that all
behavior is learned from the environment. He also believed
that it’s the relationship of stimulus and response actions.
The stimulus are the activities and influences from the envi-
ronment while the response is the individual’s actions to-
wards it. When an individual is exposed to positive things
and actions that individual will also do the same. But when
individual is also exposed to violence and negativity it is
most likely that he will also embrace it (McLeod, 2017).
Meanwhile, Herzberg’s two factor theory of motivation stat-
ed that humans are not contented with the satisfaction of
lower-order needs at work but look for the delectation of
higher-level internal needs as to achievement, recognition,
responsibility, advancement, and the nature of the work it-
self. Herzberg concluded that job characteristics related to
what an individual does satisfy one’s needs on achievement,
competency, status, personal worth, and self-realization, thus
making him happy and satisfied (Kuijk, 2018).
Furthermore, Maslow's theory on hierarchy of needs which
is usually represented by a pyramid includes: Biological and
Physiological needs, Safety needs, Belongingness and Love
needs, Esteem needs, and Self-Actualization needs.
Maslow's theory infers that the fundamental level of needs
should be achieved before the person will strongly desire for
higher order level of needs (Cherry, 2020).
As a public secondary school teacher, the researchers chose
this study believing that continuous commitment to the
teaching profession begets contentment. The selected varia-
bles in this study are inner disposition, social formation that
relates to family formation and school formation.
Family formation can also be a factor of individual’s prac-
tice of the corporal works of mercy. Family is considered the
basic unit of society. A child’s development in terms of be-
havior is influenced by the family as they are the individuals
that interacts the child during the stage of development.
Most importantly, family provides the basic skills and
knowledge that the child acquires before going to school.
Every individual is unique therefore every family has also its
own unique way that contributes critical influence to the
child’s development.
In short, it is through the acquisition of learning within circle
of the family and parenting experiences, that the child de-
velops socially and psychologically (Vaz & Relvas as cited
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
988
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
by Rodrigues et al, 2012). The reality of family interactions
can help the child to prepare himself/herself for the reality
outside the family (Jackson & Leonetti as cited by Ro-
drigues et al, 2012).
Another contributing factor is the school formation. The
school serves as the child’s second home and what was
learned at home will be reinforced at school with ideas and
information that are ideal not just at home but even to the
environment that the child is revolving and learning. There-
fore, the schools must provide programs, activities and ave-
nues that promotes positive behavior that will lead the child
in doing corporal works of mercy.
The primary objective of this study was to determine corre-
lates of inner disposition and social formation to the level
willingness of respondents to practice corporal works of
mercy. Specifically, it sought to answer these questions:
What is the respondents’ level of inner disposition? What is
the level of social formation among respondents in terms of:
Family Formation and School Formation, What is the level
of willingness of selected respondents to practice corporal
works of mercy in terms of: Feeding the hungry, Giving
drink to the thirsty, Clothing the naked, Taking good care of
the sick and Comforting the bereaved family of the dead. Is
there a relationship between the respondents’ level of inner
disposition and level of willingness to practice corporal
works of mercy? Is there a relationship between the re-
spondents’ level of social formation and level of willingness
to practice corporal works of mercy?
2. Methodology
The researchers utilized the descriptive method with set of
questionnaires answered by the respondents. The data gath-
ered in the questionnaire were used to answer the research
problems in this study. A personal unstructured interview
was also conducted by the researchers to confirm the data
from the questionnaire.
The respondents of this study are the selected 320 respond-
ents. Due to the existing presence of Covid 19 pandemic that
prohibits the children aged 20 and below to go out from their
home and roam around, the 320 selected respondents were
carefully selected with regards to their access to the internet
and availability of internet connections in their area as the
questionnaires were send via email as well as their responses
to it as well as their unstructured interviews were done via
Facebook and Google applications.
The instrument used to gather the data and information of
this study was adapted standard corporal works of mercy
questionnaires from Mariam Bundukin, Claudia Rodrigues
and Latashia Joseph.
The first part of the questionnaire was the level of willing-
ness to perform corporal works of mercy. This was subdi-
vided into 5 with each containing 10 indicators namely:
Feeding the hungry, Giving drink to the thirsty, Clothing the
naked, Taking good care of the sick and Comforting the be-
reaved family. The second part of the instrument was on the
level of inner disposition with 10 indicators. Then the last
part was on social formation with subdivision: family for-
mation and school formation each containing 10 indicators
as well.
The researchers conducted a pilot study of the willingness to
perform corporal works of mercy, level of inner disposition
and social formation Questionnaire’ in one of the junior high
schools in Alubijid District in Misamis Oriental. After con-
ducting the pilot test, the data gathered were subjected to
Cronbach’s Alpha test to determine the reliability of the
questionnaire. The result was an alpha of 0.855 for level of
willingness to perform corporal works of mercy, an alpha of
0.899 for inner disposition and an alpha of 0.944 for social
formation which all means that the survey questionnaire has
consistency and is a reliable instrument.
In addition, three specialists composed of a guidance coun-
selor, a master teacher and an experienced University Pro-
fessor with high educational attainment and qualifications
have evaluated and certified the said questionnaire’s validity.
Through a written request, the researcher asked permission
from the school district supervisor and principal in conduct-
ing the research study and in gathering the data. Upon ap-
proval, the researcher proceeded to the researcher floated
and retrieved the accomplished questionnaires via emails.
Upon getting and organizing the data the researcher then
proceeded with the unstructured interview among the select-
ed students for data confirmations and insights. The partici-
pants of this study were asked to join voluntarily and that
they were informed about the whole content of the research
as well as the purpose and contents of the questionnaires.
The researcher assured the participants that data gathered
and details taken from them were held with utmost confiden-
tiality for privacy, safety and ethics concerns.
The statistical tool used to analyze the data gathered to an-
swer the problems stated for this study were mean, standard
deviation and Spearman Rho Correlation Coefficient. The
quantitative data was tested at 0.05 level of significance.
3. Results and discussions
Problem 1. What is the level of respondents’ inner dispo-
sition?
Table 1: Respondent’s Level of Inner Disposition
Indicator
Mean
SD
Interpretation
1) I feel a deep sense of responsibil-
ity for reducing pain and suffering
in the world. 3.87 1.20 High
2) The needy have to take care of
themselves; helping them is a
waste of my time and resources. 3.07 1.33 Average
3) Meeting the needs of others pro-
vides a sense of purpose in my
life. 4.07 1.18 High
4) My prayers focus on discovering
God’s will more than expressing
my needs. 4.87 1.06 Very High
5) I have problems enough of my
own I could not think of others’
needs. 4.07 1.38 High
6) Helping others makes me feel 4.07 1.28 High
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
989
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
happy.
7) I feel a deep sense of empathy
(feeling what the other is going
through) for others. 3.60 0.95 High
8) I feel guilty whenever I don’t help
someone who is in need. 4.40 0.80 Very High
9) I make myself available for ser-
vice when needed. 4.53 1.14 Very High
10) The examples of Jesus Christ
inspire me to help the ones in
need. 4.80 1.42 Very high
Overall Mean 4.14 1.17 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 1 in the next page presents the respondent’s level of
inner disposition. It garnered an overall mean of 4.14 and sd
of 1.17 equivalent to high level. Among the ten indicators, 4
out of 10 or 40% were rated very high, 5 out of 10 or 50% of
the indicators were rated high while 1 out of 10 or 10% was
rated average. This data implies that the overall level of re-
spondent’s inner disposition is high.
Indicators: My prayers focus on discovering God’s will
more than expressing my needs, I feel guilty whenever I
don’t help someone who is in need, I feel guilty whenever I
don’t help someone who is in need and the examples of Je-
sus Christ inspire me to help the ones in need were the 4
indicators that were rated very high.
This data implies that the respondents believed and were
inspired by the existence of God and that they were willing
to do for the others. Per interview the respondents disclosed
that helping someone provides a different sense of gratifica-
tion.
These findings align with the study of Bundukin (2017) who
revealed that the participants experience the joy of serving
with Jesus Christ as their inspiration, and they have a sense
of guilt whenever they fail to help. Koessel (2011) found out
that spirituality and personality in doing good things has
significant relationship in various ways.
Problem 2. What is the level of social formation among
respondents in terms of:
2.1 Family formation
Table 2 presents the data on respondent’s level of social
formation through family formation. It registered an overall
mean of 4.09 and sd of 1.07 equivalent to high level. Among
the indicators, 5 out of 10 or 50% were rated very high, 4
out of 10 or 40% were rated high and 1 out of 10 or 10%
were rated average. This data implies that the student’s level
of experience of formation through family influence was
high.
Indicators: My parents praise me whenever I help someone
in need, My siblings and I were taught by our parents to help
each other in times of need, At home, we were taught not to
waste money and food, My parents ask me to help in sorting
out-grown clothes to be given away to those who needed it
most and When I was a child, I was taught by my parents
and siblings to share my toys or snacks with others were the
indicators rated with very high level.
Table 2: Respondents’ Social Formation on Family For-
mation
Indicator Mean SD Interpretation
1) My parents usually hand me a
money to give it to the beggar
(s).
2.67 1.01 Average
2) My parents praise me when-
ever I help someone in need. 4.40 1.54 Very high
3) I see my parents helping oth-
ers, giving to charity, or do-
nating items to the needy.
3.71 1.18 High
4) My siblings and I were taught
by our parents to help each
other in times of need.
4.86 1.12 Very high
5) Every time my parents reach
out to others or give their ser-
vices, they bring me along.
3.67 1.19 High
6) At home, we were taught not
to waste money and food. 4.80 1.04 Very high
7) My parents ask me to help in
sorting out-grown clothes to
be given away to those who
needed it most.
4.53 1.02 Very High
8) My family spend time visiting
sick relatives or friends. 3.87 0.61 High
9) Whenever there are calamities,
our family usually give away
clothes, water or foods.
3.67 1.19 High
10) When I was a child, I was
taught by my parents and sib-
lings to share my toys or
snacks with others.
4.80 0.83 Very High
Overall Mean 4.09 1.07 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
This data implies that learnings on doing good things like
saving food and sharing food and snacks to others must be
taught at home while the child is young. Per interview, the
respondents revealed that doing it outside their homes is no
longer difficult as they already learn it at home.
These findings are in consonance with the study of
Bundukin (2017) who stated that truly, the family who is the
primary molders of the young influence them to help the
needy because they have established a platform of good
training in terms of reaching out to others. Parents do not
usually hand them money to give it to the beggars that may
mean that that the parents train them to reach out to the
needy from their allowance so they may be given the oppor-
tunity to make a sacrifice for others’ welfare.
Moreover, Rodrigues et al (2012) revealed that the impact of
family influence on the child’s behavior or personality is
great. Valeeva (2016) also stressed that family values and
activities are interrelated with the child’s foundation to make
valuable and meaningful things and activities.
Table 3 presents the data on respondent’s level of social
formation through school. It registered an overall mean of
4.50 and sd of 1.12 equivalent to very high level. There were
8 out of 10 or 80% of the indicators were rated very high
while 2 out of 10 were rated high. This data implies that
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
990
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
student’s experience of level of formation through school
was very high.
Only the indicators: In my present school, I am encouraged
to volunteer in school programs or activities that help people
in need and In our program we are encouraged to participate
in Community Extension Services were rated high. This data
implies that in terms of concepts and lessons the school pro-
vides the needed information but in terms of applications
like providing programs to put what they learn into practice
was somewhat minimal. These findings connects with the
study of Bundukin (2017) who inferred that students truly
experienced good formation from the school that influences
them to serve others and further admitted that students were
being helped by the school to form their consciousness in
serving others.
Table 3: Respondents’ Social Formation through School
Indicator Mean SD Interpretation
1) The school teachers respond
compassionately to the needs of
the students. 4.80 0.97 Very High
2) In my present school, I am en-
couraged to volunteer in school
programs or activities that help
people in need.
3.40 0.95 High
3) In our program we are encour-
aged to participate in Communi-
ty Extension Services. 3.93 1.18 High
4) The school has taught me to
serve the needy. 4.46 1.02 Very High
5) The school community help its
members who lost their loved
ones by giving financial and
moral support
4.93 1.23 Very High
6) The school taught me to serve
without counting the cost. 4.67 1.13 Very High
7) The school respects the poor /
the helpless. 4.90 1.21 Very High
8) The school teachers address the
needs of the students. 4.67 1.19 Very High
9) The school taught me to respond
compassionately to others. 4.80 1.16 Very High
10) The school gives students the
opportunity to serve the needy. 4.47 1.14 Very High
Overall Mean 4.50 1.12 Very High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 4: Overall Experience of Formation
Family Influence 4.09 1.07 High
School Formation 4.50 1.12 Very High
Overall Experience of Formation 4.30 1.10 Very High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 4 presents the data on student’s overall experience of
formation. It garnered an overall mean of 4.30 with sd of
1.10 equivalent to very high level. School Formation was
ranked highest with overall mean of 4.50 and sd of 1.12
equivalent to very high level while family influence regis-
tered and overall mean of 4.09 and sd of 1.07 equivalent to
high level. This data implies that the school plays an im-
portant role in reinforcing what the child learn at home and
that it must also provide avenue for learners to practice what
they learn.
Coleen (2015) revealed that putting what you learned into
practice or actions allows you to share with others at the
same time build confidence in facing adversaries. Moreover,
Forbes (2018) stressed that putting what you learn into ac-
tion makes it valuable and worth remembering for if you
don’t put what you learn into action it will just go to waste
and eventually you will forget it.
Problem 3. What is the level of willingness of selected
respondents to practice corporal works of mercy in terms
of:
3.1 Feeding the hungry
3.2 Giving drink to the thirsty
3.3 Clothing the naked
3.4 Taking good care of the sick
3.5 Comforting the bereaved family of the dead
Table 5: Willingness to Practice Corporal Works of Mercy
Type of Corporal Works of Mercy Mean SD
Interpretation
Feed the hungry 4.20 1.24 Very High
Give drink to the thirsty 3.91 1.39 High
Clothing for the naked 3.59 1.33 High
Taking good care of the sick 3.86 1.28 High
Comforting the bereaved family 3.87 1.13 High
Overall Corporal Works of Mercy 3.89 1.27 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 5 presents the student’s overall willingness to practice
corporal works of mercy. It registered an overall mean of
3.89 and sd of 1.27 equivalent to high level of willingness to
practice. Among the 5 main indicators of corporal works of
mercy, Feed the hungry was rated the highest with the over-
all mean of 4.20 and sd of 1.24 equivalent to very high level
of willingness to practice. It was closely followed by the
indicator give drink to the thirsty with an overall mean of
3.91 and sd of 1.39 equivalent to high willingness to prac-
tice.
This data implies that among the corporal works of mercy
under this study it was giving food and drinks were the
things that the respondents were willing to do and share.
During the interview the respondents revealed that aside
from food and water are the main basic needs this are also
things that they have with them so it’s easy for them to share
it to the needy. The respondents further revealed that doing
corporal works of mercy makes them feel happy, satisfied
and fulfilled. Bundukin (2017) shared that majority of the
participants claim that they feel, happy/glad and ful-
filled/contented. In contrast, the participants who fail to do
CWM admitted that they feel guilty and sorry.
Table 6: Willingness to Practice CWM: Feed the Hungry
Feed the hungry Mean SD Interpretation
1) Make sandwiches or food packs
and give them out to the home-
less or needy. 3.93 1.18 High
2) Take a friend out to a meal or
snack, your treat. 4.00 0.73 High
3) Volunteer for food donation
activity 3.53 1.49 High
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
991
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
4) Organize food donation activity
3.87 1.45 High
5) Prepare a meal to someone who
is seriously ill 4.00 1.46 High
6) Lookout for the proper nutrition
of your love ones 4.47 1.45 Very High
7) Educate yourself about world
hunger 4.13 1.40 High
8) Avoid wasting of food 4.80 1.03 Very High
9) Share your meals with others 4.70 1.04 Very High
10) Save food from your meals and
give it to others 4.60 1.20 Very High
Overall Mean 4.20 1.24 Very High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 6 presents the student’s level of willingness to practice
corporal works of mercy through feeding the hungry. It reg-
istered an overall mean of 4.20 and sd of 1.24 equivalent to
very high level of willingness. There were 4 out of 10 or
40% of the indicators were rated very high level of willing-
ness while 6 out of 10 or 60% of the indicators were rated
with high level of willingness. Indicators: Lookout for the
proper nutrition of your love ones, Share your meals with
others, Avoid wasting of food and Save food from your
meals and give it to others were the rated with very high
willingness to practice.
This implies that the respondents were aware of the im-
portance of saving and not wasting food as there are other
individuals that were not as blessed as them and that they
were willing to practice sharing it. Per interview the re-
spondents disclosed that they were taught on the importance
of saving food and that they should never waste it as they
can share it to others. These findings are in consonance with
Leavitt (2020) who stated that food conservation and sharing
with others improves way of living and builds deeper appre-
ciation with food.
Table 7 presents student’s level of willingness tom practice
corporal works of mercy through giving drink to the thirsty.
It registered an overall mean of 3.91 and sd of 1.39 equiva-
lent to high level of willingness. There were 4 out of 10 or
40% of the indicators that were rated very high, 3 out of 10
or 30% of the indicators were rated high level while 2 out of
10 or 20% were rated with average level. This data implies
that the level of willingness among students to perform
CWM in terms of giving drink to the thirsty was high.
Indicators: Give water bottles to the needy, Educate yourself
about water conservation and protection, Avoid wasting of
water and Save water for others were rated with very high
level of willingness. The respondents admitted that they
were able to learn the importance of water towards life and
that it’s the cheapest to share specially that it is abundant
basic needs for us to find and have. This aligns with Wires
(2018) who stated that water is life therefore it should be
shared regardless of who and what we are in the community.
Table 7: Willingness to Practice CWM: Give drink to the
Thirsty
Give drink to the thirsty Mean SD Interpretation
1) Give water bottles to the
needy 4.53 1.54 Very High
2) Donate money to improve 3.67 1.53 High
water supply for others
3) Pay for the coffee or drinks of
a person 3.67 1.01 High
4) Take a cold glass of water to a
neighbor doing work. 3.13 1.26 Average
5) Participate in charity works for
providing water supply 3.47 1.67 High
6) Organize charity works for
providing water supply 3.33 1.57 Average
7) Donate to buy milk for a baby 3.33 1.29 Average
8) Educate yourself about water
conservation and protection 4.33 1.70 Very High
9) Avoid wasting of water 4.67 1.25 Very High
10) Save water for others 4.93 1.12 Very High
Overall Mean 3.91 1.39 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 8 presents the student’s level of willingness to practic-
es corporal works of mercy through giving clothing for the
naked. It registered an overall mean of 3.59 and sd of 1.33
equivalent to high level of willingness.
This data implies that the student’s level of willingness to
practice CWM through giving clothes to the naked was high.
Only 1 out of 10 indicators or 10% was rated very high
while 6 out of 10 or 60% of the indicators were rated with
high level of willingness and 1 out of 10 or 10% of the indi-
cators were rated with average level of willingness. Indicator
Go through your drawer and give away good condition
clothes that you don’t need was the only indicator that re-
ceived an average mean of 4.33 and sd of 1.39 equivalent to
very high level of willingness to practice.
Table 8: Willingness to Practice CWM: Clothing the Naked
Clothing for the naked
Mean
SD
Interpretation
1) Go through your drawer and
give away good condition
clothes that you don’t need. 4.33 1.39 Very High
2) Organize a clothing donation
campaign 3.73 1.28 High
3) Participate in a clothing dona-
tion campaign 3.47 1.25 High
4) Go through your drawer and
give away good condition shoes
that you don’t need. 3.73 0.99 High
5) Sew or buy baby blankets for
your local pregnancy center 3.13 1.35 Average
6) participate in programs that
provide towels and linens for
hospitals in distressed areas 3.27 1.38 Average
7) Participate in programs that
provides clothes for typhoon
victims 3.60 1.45 High
8) Lend or give your jacket or
blanket to a person experiencing
cold 3.20 1.42 Average
9) Organize programs that pro-
vides clothes for typhoon vic-
tims 3.87 1.40 High
10) Encourage others to donate
good condition clothes or shoes 3.60 1.40 High
Overall Mean 3.59 1.33 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
992
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
During the interview the respondents admitted that sharing
clothes is still quite challenging as they are still studying and
that they don’t have enough money to buy extra clothes.
Hairston (2018) reiterated that sharing something valuable
from you like clothes is hard but it can also provide oppor-
tunity to better the life or living condition of the recipient.
Table 9 presents the student’s level of willingness to practice
corporal works of mercy through taking good care of the
sick. It garnered an overall mean of 3.86 and sd of 1.28
equivalent to high level of willingness. Out of the 10 indica-
tors there were 3 or 30% that were rated very high level of
willingness, 5 out of 10 or 50% of the indicators were rated
with high level and 2 out of 10 or 20% of the indicators were
rated average level of willingness. This data implies that the
student’s level of willingness to practice CWM in terms of
taking good care of the sick is very high.
Table 9: Willingness to practice CWM: Taking care of the
Sick
Taking good care of the sick Mean SD Interpretation
1) Spend quality time with those
who are sick 3.87 1.20 High
2) Take time to make call or send
text/email to someone who is
sick 4.33 1.07 Very High
3) Cook and deliver meals for
the sick 3.93 1.40 High
4) Volunteer at a hospital or
health center 2.80 1.16 Average
5) Visit a seriously or terminally
ill member of your family or
friends 4.67 0.78 Very High
6) Volunteer to drive patients for
medical appointments 3.40 1.58 High
7) Assist those caregivers for
family members 4.07 1.73 High
8) Assist as caregiver to someone
who is sick 3.87 1.54 High
9) Take care of a sick family
member 4.82 0.73 Very High
10) Volunteer for a medical mis-
sion 2.80 1.66 Average
Overall Mean 3.86 1.28 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Indicators: Take time to make call or send text/email to
someone who is sick, Visit a seriously or terminally ill
member of your family or friends and Take care of a sick
family member were rated with very high level of willing-
ness to practice. Unstructured interview revealed that alt-
hough the respondents were allowed to take care of the sick
and that they are willing to do it, most of their parents or
guardians does not allow them to do full responsibility as
sometimes there are illness that requires care and monitoring
of much older individuals. Merill as cited by Bundukin
(2017) stressed that apart from taking medicine the care and
comfort given from the family members, relatives or friends
can be of great help to one’s recovery.
Table 10: Willingness to Practice CWM: Comforting the
Bereaved family
Comforting the bereaved family Mean SD Interpretation
1) Attend the wake or funerals of 4.20 0.90 Very High
those you knew
2) Help a widow/widower in need
with work or errands 3.47 1.08 High
3) Donate food for the funeral 3.07 1.28 Average
4) Visit the cemetery and pray for
the dead 4.70 0.89 Very High
5) Pray for the lives lost due to
abortion 4.07 1.38 High
6) Spend time with widows and
widowers 3.33 1.13 Average
7) Send message of condolences
to families of those who have
died 4.60 1.30 Very High
8) Take friends and relatives to
visit the cemetery 4.00 0.63 High
9) Offer prayers for those with
terminal illness and those who
died 3.80 1.22 High
10) Support organizations that
offer free burials to those who
cannot afford 3.47 1.49 High
Overall Mean 3.87 1.13 High
Mean range is 1.0-1.80, 1.81-2.60, 2.61-3.40, 3.41-4.20,
4.21-5.0
Table 10 presents the student’s level of willingness to prac-
tice corporal works of mercy through comforting the be-
reaved family. It registered an overall mean of 3.87 and sd of
1.13 equivalent to high level of willingness to practice.
Three out of 10 or 30% of the indicators were rated with
very high level of willingness to practice, 5 out of 10 or 50%
of the indicators were rated with high level of willingness to
practice and 2 out of 10 or 20% were rated with average
level of willingness. This data implies that the student’s level
of willingness to practice CWM in terms of comforting the
bereaved family is of high level.
Indicators: Attend the wake or funerals of those you knew,
Visit the cemetery and pray for the dead and Send message
of condolences to families of those who have died were the
indicators that were rated with very high level of willingness
to practice.
Per interview, the respondents agreed that losing one of your
love ones is very painful and that it can be eased through
supports and encouragement from friends and relatives. Vis-
iting the cemetery is already part of the Philippine culture so
performing it is not that difficult. However, these findings
contradicted with that of Bundukin (2017) who revealed that
students have problems of their own that they cannot com-
fort their friend who have lost their loved ones.
Problem 4: Is there a relationship between the selected
respondents’ level of inner disposition and level of will-
ingness to practice corporal works of mercy?
Table 11 presents the correlates of spirituality and willing-
ness to practice civil works of mercy. Spirituality and varia-
bles under corporal works of mercy like: Feeding the hun-
gry, Giving drink to the thirsty, Clothing the naked, taking
good care of the sick and comforting the bereaved family of
the dead registered positive significant correlation value
ranging from low to high correlations. The computed r val-
ues were higher than the r tabular values at 0.05 and 0.01
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
993
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
level of correlations respectively.
Table 11: Correlates of Inner Disposition and CWM
Variables r-value p-value Interpretation Test of
Significance
Feed the Hungry 0.340** 0.504 Low Significant
Give drink 0.261** 0.658 Very Low Significant
Clothing 0.432** 0.905 Moderate Significant
Taking Care 0.465** 0.184 Low Significant
Comforting 0.803** 0.826 High Significant
*significant at 0.05 level (0.197) *significant at 0.01 level
(0.257)
This data implies that spirituality or inner disposition has
positive impact on the respondent’s willingness to practice
corporal works of mercy. As part of the teachings in Chris-
tian religion, the respondents know and values the im-
portance to sharing your blessing and volunteering for a
good cause to help others. Part of the Filipino culture solidi-
fies this which is the bayanihan spirit wherein neighbors
would help each other in terms of needs and crisis. Ang as
cited by Valeeva (2016) revealed that the bayanihan spirit is
still very alive not just among Filipinos but even with other
races in their own ways and means of expressing and doing
it. Meanwhile, Okun et al (2014) stressed that religiosity and
spirituality have positive significant impact on person’s will-
ingness to volunteer in doing good things.
Problem 5: Is there a relationship between the selected
students’ level of social formation and level of willingness
to practice corporal works of mercy?
Table 12 presents correlation between level of experience
through family influence towards willingness to practice
corporal works of mercy. It registered significant positive
correlation values ranging from low to moderate positive
correlations.
Table 12: Social formation on Family Formation and CWM
Variables r-value p-value Interpretation Test of
Significance
Feed the Hungry 0.581** 0.873 Moderate Significant
Give drink 0.469** 0.171 Low Significant
Clothing 0.319** 0.716 Low Significant
Taking Care 0.659** 0.380 Moderate Significant
Comforting 0.306** 0.931 Low Significant
*significant at 0.05 level (0.197) **significant at 0.01 level
(0.257)
This data implies that family influence has positive impact
on student’s willingness to practice corporal works of mer-
cy. The computed r values were higher than the r tabular
values at 0.05 and 0.01 level of correlations respectively.
This data implies that family influence has positive impact
towards student’s willingness to practice corporal works of
mercy. Family being recognized as the basic unit of our so-
ciety plays a vital role on the formation of positive values of
a child as it acquires its foundation of skills and learning
within the family.
Furthermore, family does not only mean the biological as-
pect but it can also be from someone very dear and close to
you. These findings were in consonance with that of Ross
(2020) who revealed that family is not just your siblings,
parents, and relatives but even to those whom you share
common goals and activities in life. Moreover, Perks (2015)
study revealed that parental or family volunteering activity
has great influence on the child’s volunteerism attitude as it
gets older.
Table 13 presents the correlates of experience of formation
through school formation and willingness to practice cor-
poral works of mercy. It registered positive correlations
ranging from high to very high level of willingness. The
computed r values were higher than the r tabular values at
0.05 and 0.01 level of correlations respectively.
Table 13: Social formation on School Formation and CWM
Variables r-value
p
-value Interpretation Test of
Significance
Feed the Hungry 0.897** 0.400 High Significant
Give drink 0.820** 0.987 Very High Significant
Clothing 0.495** 0.982 Low Significant
Care 0.704** 0.278 High Significant
Comforting 0.731** 0.157 High Significant
*significant at 0.05 level (0.197) **significant at 0.01 level
(0.257)
This data implies that school formation has positive impact
towards student’s willingness to practice corporal works of
mercy. The school being considered as the child’s second
home must re-enforce the learnings and values gained at
home and even correct the negative ones.
Schools should provide various teachings that will enhance
student’s learning and willingness to practice corporal works
of mercy specially that as the child starts to go to school
most of the time are being spent at school to study and learn.
Swindell (2018) stated that volunteering in school activities
promotes positive impact on one’s well-being both in the
aspect of mental and health. Nievar (2012) also disclosed
that existing research showed that doing volunteer works
like CWM helps strengthen relationships, develop interper-
sonal skills and even helps the person in overcoming life
challenges whether within family or personal aspects.
4. Conclusions
The study was undertaken to determine the level of inner
disposition and level of social formation and its impact on
student’s willingness to practice corporal works of mercy of
the selected respondents.
Specifically, the following problems were dealt with in this
study:
a) What is the level of inner disposition among selected
respondents?
b) What is the level of social formation among selected re-
spondents based on family formation and school for-
mation?
c) What is the level of willingness of selected respondents
to practice corporal works of mercy?
d) What is the level of willingness of selected high school
students to practice corporal works of mercy in terms of:
Feeding the hungry, Giving drink to the thirsty, Clothing
the naked, taking good care of the sick and comforting
the bereaved family of the dead?
Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
994
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2022): 7.942
Volume 11 Issue 3, March 2022
www.ijsr.net
Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY
e) Is there a relationship between the selected students’ lev-
el of spirituality and level of willingness to practice cor-
poral works of mercy?
f) Is there a relationship between the selected students’ lev-
el of experience formation and level of willingness to
practice corporal works of mercy?
The respondents of the study consisted of 100 selected stu-
dents from Alubijid National Comprehensive High School.
Descriptive method of research was utilized in this study
using survey questionnaires in gathering data and infor-
mation. Unstructured interviews were also conducted by the
researcher.
The first part of the survey questionnaire was about the inner
disposition. The second part was on: experience of formation
dealing with family influence and school formation. And the
third part was on willingness to practice corporal works of
mercy dealing with: Feeding the hungry, Giving drink to the
thirsty, Clothing the naked, taking good care of the sick and
comforting the bereaved family of the dead.
The questionnaires were administered personally by the re-
searcher through emails as going out of respondents from
their residence is still limited due to health and quarantine
protocols observed and implemented because of the pan-
demic. All questionnaires were coded and stored in the com-
puter for easy access and manipulation. Computer software
was utilized to solve for frequency count, percentage, mean,
standard deviation and Spearman Rho Correlation Coeffi-
cient.
The gathered data disclosed the following results:
The level of inner disposition among selected students were
at “high”.
Overall level of experience of formation was very high
wherein level of school formation registered very high level
compared to family influence at high level.
Overall level of willingness to practice corporal works of
mercy was high with feeding the hungry at very high level
while the rest were at high level.
Significant positive correlations were registered between
inner disposition and level of experience of formation to-
wards corporal works of mercy.
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions
are drawn:
The students felt that serving others and volunteering pro-
motes positive outlook towards others and in the future en-
deavors. The respondents believe that inner disposition and
experience of formation has significant impact towards their
willingness to practice corporal works of mercy.
The respondents were fully oriented regarding the necessary
standard corporal works of mercy but finds school activities
about it were minimal in terms of applying what they learn.
Thus, school and home are intertwined in developing one’s
personality.
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Paper ID: SR22308181914
DOI: 10.21275/SR22308181914
995
