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Impact of Bacillus Calmette-Gue´ rin (BCG) vaccination on
postoperative mortality in patients with perioperative
SARS-CoV-2 infection
COVIDSurg Collaborative
Correspondence to: Mr Aneel Bhangu, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK (e-mail: a.a.bhangu@bham.ac.uk); Professor
Stephen Tabiri, Department of Surgery, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana (e-mail: stabiri@uds.edu.gh)
Members of the COVIDSurg Collaborative are co-authors of this study and are listed under the heading Collaborators. For details of role see Appendix S1.
Dear Editor
During the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple theories were proposed
based on the observation that countries with an ongoing national
Bacillus Calmette-Gue´rin (BCG) immunization programme had
lower SARS-CoV-2 case rates and COVID-19 mortality than coun-
tries that had stopped BCG vaccine administration. There was,
however, no evidence supporting or disputing this theory
1,2
.
Owing to the uncertainty on the role of BCG vaccine on the out-
comes of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection, this
international study aimed to determine whether previous BCG
vaccination was associated with reduced postoperative pulmo-
nary complications (PPC) and 30-day mortality in patients under-
going surgery who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
This COVIDSurg study
3–5
was an international prospective co-
hort study that included patients who had surgery between 1
February and 31 July 2020 and were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2
within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary out-
come was the rate of 30-day PPC and the secondary outcome was
30-day postoperative mortality rate. These were compared in
patients with and without BCG vaccination. A logistic regression
model was used to find the odds of association. The full method-
ology is available in the Appendix S2.
This study included 2391 patients from 428 hospitals across 64
countries from February 2020 to July 2020. Overall, 1165 (48.9 per
cent) patients were male and 524 (21.9 per cent) were aged
70 years or older (Table S1). The BCG vaccine had been adminis-
tered to 1649 (69.0 per cent) patients, of whom 1518 (63.5 per
cent) had received it at least 15 years before surgery. Patients who
had received a BCG vaccination were younger than patients who
had not been vaccinated (70 years of age or older: 16 versus 35 per
cent (P<0.001)), had lower ASA (grades III–V: 30 versus 51 per
cent (P<0.001)), and were more likely to have surgery for benign
conditions (71 versus 60 per cent; P<0.001). There were no signifi-
cant differences in the rates of emergency surgery, major surgery,
or timing of SARS-CoV-2 infection between the groups. Of the
2391 patients, 759 (31.7 per cent) developed PPC. The 30-day mor-
tality was 11.1 per cent (n¼265). Although rates of PPC were sig-
nificantly lower in patients who had previously been vaccinated
against BCG than those who did not (29 versus 38 per cent;
P<0.001) (Table 1), this did not persist on adjusted analysis (odds
ratio (OR) 0.98, 95 per cent c.i. 0.79–1.22; P¼0.3) (Table 1). There
were no significant differences in 30-day mortality rates in previ-
ously BCG-vaccinated patients versus unvaccinated patients (10
versus 13 per cent; P¼0.062), which remained on adjusted analy-
sis (OR 1.25, 95 per cent c.i. 0.92–1.69; P¼0.156) (Table 1). Full
models are presented in Tables S2 and S3.
Stratified analysis performed by timing of vaccination demon-
strated that patients who were vaccinated 15 years previously or
longer were less likely than patients vaccinated less than 15 years
Table 1 Impact of BCG vaccination on postoperative pulmonary complications and 30-day mortality in patients with SARS-CoV-2
infection undergoing surgery
No. of patients (%) Unadjusted OR (95% c.i.) PAdjusted OR (95% c.i.) P
Pulmonary complications
No BCG 278 (37.5) REF REF
BCG 481 (29.2) 0.69 (0.57–0.83) 0.001 0.98 (0.79–1.22) 0.878
30-day mortality
No BCG 96 (12.9) REF REF
BCG 169 (10.2) 0.77 (0.59–1.01) 0.053 1.25 (0.92–1.69) 0.156
OR, odds ratio; BCG, Bacillus Calmette-Gue´ rin; REF, referent.
Received: August 26, 2021. Accepted: November 15, 2021
V
CThe Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which
permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
2BJS Open, 2022, zrab131
https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsopen/zrab131
Research Letter
ago to be ASA grades III–V (30 versus 41 per cent; P¼0.033) and
were more likely to have surgery for benign disease (72 versus 57
per cent; P<0.001) (Table S4). There were no significant differen-
ces in rates of postoperative pulmonary complications (29 versus
34 per cent; P¼0.208) or 30-day mortality (10 versus 14 per cent;
P¼0.221), on adjusted analysis (Tables S5 and S6).
There were important limitations to the present study. There
was a broad inclusion of patients from low-, middle-, and high-
income countries with varying pre- and postoperative procedures
and availability of resources such as a well-equipped ICU for the
management of the patient. Mortality and morbidity could have
been greatly impacted by this difference. Some countries had a
much higher prevalence and severity of disease, which could
have also influenced outcomes.
According to these findings, prior BCG vaccination does not
appear to protect SARS-CoV-2-infected patients against PPCs and
30-day mortality.
Collaborators
Stephen Tabiri, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Dmitri Nepogodiev,
Elizabeth Li, Joana Simoes, Sanskrithi Sravanam, Sheila
Agyeiwaa Owusu, Haruna Mahama, Yaa Nyarko Agyeman,
Joshua Arthur, Sheba Mary Kunfah, Frank Enoch Gyamfi,
Emmanuel Abem Owusu, Markus W. Loffler, Paul Wandoh, Aneel
Bhangu, Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong, Leah Argus, Daoud
Chaudhry, Brett E Dawson, James C Glasbey, Rohan R Gujjuri,
Conor S Jones, Sivesh K Kamarajah, Chetan Khatri, James M
Keatley, Samuel Lawday, Elizabeth Li, Harvinder Mann, Ella J
Marson, Kenneth A Mclean, Maria Picciochi, Elliott H Taylor,
Abhinav Tiwari, Joana FF Simoes, Isobel M Trout, Mary L Venn,
Richard JW Wilkin, Aneel Bhangu, Dmitri Nepogodiev, Irida Dajti
(Albania), Arben Gjata (Albania), Luis Boccalatte (Argentina),
Maria Marta Modolo (Argentina), Daniel Cox (Australia), Peter
Pockney (Australia), Philip Townend (Australia), Felix Aigner
(Austria), Irmgard Kronberger (Austria), Kamral Hossain
(Bangladesh), Gabrielle VanRamshorst (Belgium), Ismail Lawani
(Benin), Gustavo Ataide (Brazil), Glauco Baiocchi (Brazil), Igor
Buarque (Brazil), Muhammad Gohar (Bulgaria), Mihail Slavchev
(Bulgaria), Arnav Agarwal (Canada), Amanpreet Brar (Canada),
Janet Martin (Canada), Maria Marta Modolo (Chile), Maricarmen
Olivos (Chile), Jose Calvache (Colombia), Carlos Jose Perez Rivera
(Colombia), Ana Danic Hadzibegovic (Croatia), Tomislav Kopjar
(Croatia), Jakov Mihanovic (Croatia), Jaroslav Klat (Czech
Republic), Rene´ Novysedlak (Czech Republic), Peter Christensen
(Denmark), Alaa El-Hussuna (Denmark), Sylvia Batista
(Dominican Republic), Eddy Lincango (Ecuador), Sameh H Emile
(Egypt), Mengistu Gebreyohanes Mengesha (Ethiopia), Dr.Samuel
Hailu (Ethiopia), Hailu Tamiru (Ethiopia), Joonas Kauppila
(Finland), Alexis Arnaud (France), Markus Albertsmeiers
(Germany), Hans Lederhuber (Germany), Markus Loffler
(Germany), Stephen Tabiri (Ghana), Symeon Metallidis (Greece),
Georgios Tsoulfas (Greece), Maria Aguilera Lorena (Guatemala),
Gustavo Grecinos (Guatemala), Tamas Mersich (Hungary), Daniel
Wettstein (Hungary), Dhruv Ghosh (India), Gabriele Kembuan
(Indonesia), Peiman Brouk (Iran), Mohammad Khosravi (Iran),
Masoud Mozafari (Iran), Ahmed Adil (Iraq), Helen M Mohan
(Ireland), Oded Zmora (Israel), Marco Fiore (Italy), Gaetano Gallo
(Italy), Francesco Pata (Italy), Gianluca Pellino (Italy), Sohei Satoi
(Japan), Faris Ayasra (Jordan), Mohammad Chaar (Jordan), Ildar R
Fakhradiyev (Kazakhstan), Mohammad Jamal (Kuwait),
Muhammed Elhadi (Libya), Aiste Gulla (Lithuania), April Roslani
(Malaysia), Laura Martinez (Mexico), Antonio Ramos De La
Medina (Mexico), Oumaima Outani (Morocco), Pascal Jonker
(Netherlands), Schelto Kruijff (Netherlands), Milou Noltes
(Netherlands), Pieter Steinkamp (Netherlands), Willemijn van der
Plas (Netherlands), Adesoji Ademuyiwa (Nigeria), Babatunde
Osinaike (Nigeria), Justina Seyi-olajide (Nigeria), Emmanuel
Williams (Nigeria), Sofija Pejkova (North Macedonia), Knut
Magne Augestad (Norway), Kjetil Soreide (Norway), Zainab Al
Balushi (Oman), Ahmad Qureshi (Pakistan), Raza Sayyed
(Pakistan), Mustafa Abu Mohsen Daraghmeh (Palestine), Sadi
Abukhalaf (Palestine), Moises Cukier (Panama), Hugo Gomez
(Paraguay), Sebastian Shu (Peru), Ximena Vasquez (Peru), Marie
Dione Parreno-Sacdalan (Philippines), Piotr Major (Poland), Jose´
Azevedo (Portugal), Miguel Cunha (Portugal), Irene Santos
(Portugal), Ahmad Zarour (Qatar), Eduard-Alexandru Bonci
(Romania), Ionut Negoi (Romania), Sergey Efetov (Russia), Andrey
Litvin (Russia), Faustin Ntirenganya (Rwanda), Ehab AlAmeer
(Saudi Arabia), Dejan Radenkovic (Serbia), Frederick Koh Hong
Xiang (Singapore), Chew Min Hoe (Singapore), James Ngu Chi
Yong (Singapore), Rachel Moore (South Africa), Ncamsile
Nhlabathi (South Africa), Ruth Blanco Colino (Spain), Ana Minaya
Bravo (Spain), Ana Minaya-Bravo (Spain), Umesh Jayarajah (Sri
Lanka), Dakshitha Wickramasinghe (Sri Lanka), Mohammed
Elmujtaba (Sudan), William Jebril (Sweden), Martin Rutega˚rd
(Sweden), Malin Sund (Sweden), Arda Isik (Turkey), Sezai
Levento
glu (Turkey), Tom EF Abbott (UK), Ruth Benson (UK), Ed
Caruna (UK), Sohini Chakrabortee (UK), Andreas Demetriades
(UK), Anant Desai (UK), Thomas D Drake (UK), John G Edwards
(UK), Jonathan P Evans (UK), Samuel Ford (UK), Christina
Fotopoulou (UK), Ewen Griffiths (UK), Peter Hutchinson (UK),
Michael D Jenkinson (UK), Tabassum Khan (UK), Stephen Knight
(UK), Angelos Kolias (UK), Elaine Leung (UK), Siobhan McKay
(UK), Lisa Norman (UK), Riinu Ots (UK), Vidya Raghavan (UK),
Keith Roberts (UK), Andrew Schache (UK), Richard Shaw (UK),
Katie Shaw (UK), Neil Smart (UK), Grant Stewart (UK), Sudha
Sundar (UK), Dale Vimalchandran (UK), Naomi Wright (UK),
Sattar Alshryda (United Arab Emirates), Osaid Alser (United
States), Kerry Breen (United States), Ian Ganly (United States),
Haytham Kaafarani (United States), Brittany Kendall (United
States), Hassan Mashbari (United States), Hamza Al Naggar
(Yemen), Dennis Mazingi (Zimbabwe), EuroSurg, European
Society of Coloproctology (ESCP), GlobalSurg, GlobalPaedSurg,
ItSURG, PTSurg, SpainSurg, Italian Society of Colorectal Surgery
(SICCR), Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT), Irish Surgical
Research Collaborative (ISRC), Joana FF Simoes (Chair), Dajti I
(University Hospital Center Nene Tereza, Albania); Valenzuela JI
(Hospital Velez Sarsfield, Argentina); Boccalatte LA, Gemelli NA,
Smith DE (Hospital Italiano De Buenos Aires, Argentina); Dudi-
Venkata NN, Kroon HM, Sammour T (Royal Adelaide Hospital,
Australia); Roberts M, Mitchell D, Lah K, Pearce A, Morton A
(Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Australia); Dawson AC,
Drane A (Gosford Hospital, Australia); Sharpin C, Nataraja RM,
Pacilli M (Monash Childrens Hospital, Australia); Cox DRA,
Muralidharan V, Riddiough GE, Clarke EM, Jamel W, Qin KR
(Austin Hospital, Australia); Pockney P, Cope D, Egoroff N, Lott N
(John Hunter Hospital, Australia); Putnis S, De Robles S, Ang Z
(Wollongong Public Hospital, Wollongong, Australia); Mitteregger
M, Uranitsch S, Stiegler M, Seitinger G, Aigner F (Krankenhaus der
Barmherzigen Bru¨ der Graz, Austria); Lumenta DB, Nischwitz SP,
Richtig E, Pau M, Srekl-Filzmaier P, Eibinger N, Michelitsch B,
Fediuk M, Papinutti A, Seidel G, Kahn J, Cohnert TU (Medical
University of Graz, Austria); Messner F, O
¨fner D (Medical
University of Innsbruck, Austria); Presl J, Varga M, Weitzendorfer
M, Emmanuel K (Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg,
2|BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
Austria); Binder AD (Universita¨ tsklinikum Tulln, Tulln, Austria);
Zimmermann M, Holawe S, Nkenke E, Grimm C, Kranawetter M
(Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria); Rahman Mitul A,
Islam N, Karim S (Dhaka Shishu (Children) Hospital, Bangladesh);
Komen N, Putnis S, De Robles S, Ang E (University Hospital
Antwerp (UZA), Edegem, Belgium); De Praetere H, Tollens T,
Schols G , Smets C, Haenen L (Imelda Hospital, Bonheiden,
Belgium); Quintens J, Van Belle K (Europe Hospitals, Belgium);
Van Ramshorst GH, Pattyn P, Desender L, Martens T, Van de
putte D (Ghent University Hospital, Belgium); Lerut P,
Grimonprez A, Janssen M, De Smul G, Wallaert P (AZ Groeninge,
Belgium); Van den Eynde J, Oosterlinck W, Van den Eynde R,
Sermon A, Boeckxstaens A, Cordonnier A, De Coster J, Jaekers J,
Politis C, Miserez M (UZ Leuven, Belgium); Duchateau N, De
Gheldere C (Heilig Hart Ziekenhuis Lier, Belgium); Flamey N,
Pattyn P (AZ Delta, Belgium); Christiano A, Guidi B, Minussi AL,
Castro S, Okoba W, Maldonado FHR, Oliveira P, Baldasso T,
Santos L (Fundac¸~
ao Centro Me´dico De Campinas, Brazil); Gomes
GMA, Buarque IL, Pol-Fachin L, Bezerra TS, Barros AV, da Silva
AMR, Leite ALS, Silvestre DWA, Ferro CC (Hospital Santa Casa De
Miserico´ rdia De Maceio´ , Brazil); Araujo MS, Lopes LM,
Damasceno PD, Araujo DHS (Hospital Universita´ rio Antonio
Pedro, Brazil); Laporte G, Salem MC (Irmandade Da Santa Casa De
Miserico´ rdia De Porto Ale gre, Brazil); Guimaraes-Filho, MAC
(Pedro Ernesto University Hospital, Brazil); Nacif L (Hospital Nove
De Julho, Brazil); Flumignan RLG, Nakano LCU, Kuramoto DAB,
Aidar ALS, Pereda MR, Correia RM, Santos BC, Carvalho AA,
Amorim JE, Guedes Neto HJ, Areias LL, Sousa AF, Flumignan
CDQ, Lustre WG, Moreno DH, Barros-Jr N, Baptista-Silva JCC
(Hospital S~
ao Paulo, Brazil); Matos LL, Kowaski LP, Kulcsar MAV,
Nunes KS, Teixeira MF (Instituto do Caˆ ncer do Estado de S~
ao
Paulo, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil); Nunes RL, Ijichi TR, Kim NJ, Marreiro A,
Muller B, Barakat Awada J (Notre Dame Interme´ dica - Hospital
Salvalus, Brazil); Baiocchi G, Kowalski LP, Vartanian JG, Makdissi
FB, Aguiar Jr S, Marques N, Carvalho GB, Marques TMDM,
Abdallah EA, Zurstrassen CE, Gross JL, Zequi SC, Gonc¸alves BT,
Santos SS, Duprat JP, Coimbra FJF (A.C. Camargo Cancer Center,
Brazil); Cicco R (Instituto de Caˆ ncer Dr Arnaldo Vieira de
Carvalho, S~
ao Paulo, Brazil); Takeda F, Cecconello I, Ribeiro Junior
U (Instituto Do Caˆncer De Estado De S~
ao Paulo, Brazil); Gatti A,
Oliva R, Nardi C (Hospital Geral De Pirajussara, Brazil); Slavchev
M, Atanasov B, Belev N (University Hospital Eurohospital, Plovdiv,
Bulgaria); Dell A, Bigam D, Dajani K, Al Riyami S (University of
Alberta Hospital, Canada); Martin J, Cheng D, Yang H, Fayad A
(London Health Sciences Centre and St Josephs Health Care
London, Canada); Carrier FM, Amzallag E, Desroches J, Ruel M
(Centre hospitalier de l’Universite´ de Montre´ al, Canada);
Caminsky NG, Boutros M, Moon J, Wong EG, Vanounou T,
Pelletier J, Wong S, Girsowicz E, Bayne J, Obrand D, Gill H,
Steinmetz O, MacKenzie K, Lukaszewski M, Jamjoum G (Jewish
General Hospital, Canada); Richebe´ P, Verdonck O, Discepola S,
Godin N, Idrissi M (Hoˆ pital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Canada);
Briatico D, Sharma S, Talwar G, Bailey K (McMaster Children’s
Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada); Lecluyse V (Hoˆ pital du
Sacre´-Cœur-de-Montre´al, Canada); Coˆte´ G (Centre hospitalier
universitaire Sainte-Justine, Canada); Demyttenaere S, Garfinkle
R, Boutros M (St. Mary’s Hospital, Canada); Kouyoumdjian A,
Boutros M, Dumitra S, Moon J, Wong EG, Khwaja K, Luo L,
Lukaszewski M, Gill H, Berry G, Liberman AS, Girsowicz E, Bayne
J, Obrand D, Steinmetz O, MacKenzie K, Schmid S, Spicer J, Al
Farsi M (McGill University Health Center, Canada); Abou-Khalil J
(The Ottawa Hospital, Canada); Couture E, Mohammadi S,
Tremblay H, Gagne´ N, Bergeron A (Institut universitaire de
cardiologie et de pneumologie de Que´ bec , Canada); Turgeon Af,
Costerousse O, Bellemare D, Babin C, Blier C (Centre hospitalier
universitaire de Que´bec, Canada); Wood ML, Persad A, Groot G,
Pham H (Saskatoon City Hospital/Royal University Hospital/St.
Paul’s Hospital, Canada); D’Aragon F, Carbonneau E, Bouchard M,
Masse M, Pesant F, He´roux J (Centre hospitalier universitaire de
Sherbrooke, Canada); Karanicolas P, Hallet J, Nadler A, Nathens A
(Sunnybrook Hospital, Canada); Ko M, Brar A (St. Joseph’s Health
Centre, Canada); Mayson K (Vancouver General Hospital,
Canada); Kidane B, Srinathan S (Health Sciences Centre, Canada);
Escudero MI, Reyes JT (Hospital Clinico Universidad De Chile/
Hospital San Jose, Chile); Modolo MM, Ramirez Nieto P, Sepulveda
R, Bolbara´ n A, Molero A, Ruiz I (Barros Luco Trudeau, Chile);
Reyes GP, Salas R, Suazo C (Hospital del Salvador, Chile); Mu ~
noz
R, Grasset E, Inzunza M, Besser N, Irarra´ zaval MJ, Jarry C, Bellolio
F, Romero Manqui CA, Ruiz Esquide M (Hospital Clı´nico
Universidad Cato´ lica, Chile); Fuentes T, Campos J (Ho spital
Sotero Del Rio, Chile); Perez Rivera CJ, Cabrera PA (Fundacion
Cardioinfantil-Instituto de Cardiologı´a, Colombia); Pinilla RE,
Guevara O, Jimenez Ramirez LJ, Velasquez Cuasquen BG, Herrera
Mora DR, Bonilla A, Diaz S, Manrique E, Facundo H, Velez Bernal
JL, A
´ngel J, Garcı´a M, Guzma´ n L, Lehmann C, Cervera S, Trujillo
Sanchez LM (Instituto Nacional De Cancerologia, Colombia);
Guevara R, Valbuena D, Suarez L, Jimenez G, Velandia A, Vargas
J, Espinosa J, Rey S (Clı´nica Universitaria Colombia, Bogota´.,
Colombia); Mendoza Quevedo Jairo (Subred Sur Occidente de
Kennedy (Hospital de Kennedy), Bogota, Colombia); Calvache JA,
Orozco-Chamorro CM, Sa´ nchez-Go´ mez TA, Rojas-Tejada DA
(Hospital Universitario San Jose´ , Popaya´ n, Colombia); Mihanovic
J, Bakmaz B, Rakvin I, Sulen N, Andabaka T (Zadar General
Hospital, Croatia); Luksic I, Mamic M (University Hospital
Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia); Martinek L, Skrovina M (Hospital &
Oncological Centre Novy Jicin, Czechia);
Zateck
y J, Peteja M
(Slezska´ nemocnice v Opav
e, p.o., Czechia); Kristensen HØ,
Mekhael M, Christensen P, Westh L (Aarhus University Hospital,
Denmark); Smith H, Haugstvedt AF, Jo¨ nsson ML (Bispebjerg
Hospital, Denmark); Crespo A, Batista S, Rodriguez-Abreu J,
Tactuk N, Diaz-Delgado PJ, Rivas R (Cedimat - Centro De
Diagno´ stico, Med icina Avanzada, Laboratorio Y Telemedicina,
Dominican Republic); Sarmiento-Bobadilla JA (Hospital General
Norte de Guayaquil, Guayaquil, Ecuador); Ashoush F, Samir
Abdelaal A, Qatora MS, Elsayed Hewalla ME, Metwalli M, Atta R,
Abdelmajeed A, Abosamak NE, Sabry A, Shehata S (Alexandria
Main University Hospital, Egypt); Sallam I, Amira G, Sherief M,
Sherif A (Misr Cancer Center, Egypt); Salem H, Hamdy R,
Aboulkassem H, Ghaly G, Sherif G, Morsi A, Abdelrahman A
(National Cancer Institute, Egypt); Omnia Ahmed (Coptic
Hospital, Cairo, Egypt); Tawheed A, El Kassas M, Omar W
(Endemic Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan
University, Egypt); Abdelsamed A, Seleim A, Salem H, Azzam AY
(Al Azhar University Hospitals, Egypt); ElFiky M, Nabil A (Kasr
Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt); Ibraheem M,
Ghaly G, ELDeeb M, Fawzy M (Baheya Center for Early detection
and Treatment of Breast Cancer , Egypt); Hamed H (Elkheir
Hospital, Egypt); Emile S, Elfallal A, Elfeki H, Shalaby M, Sakr A
(Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt); Alrahawy M, Atif H, Sakr
A, Soltan H (Menofiya University Hospital, Egypt); Sayed AK,
Salah A, Atiya A (Minia University Hospital, Egypt); Wassim K
(Quwaysna Central Hospital, Egypt); Abbas AM, Abd Elazeem
HAS, Abd-Elkariem AY, Abd-Elkarem MM, Alaa S, Ali AK, Ashraf
M, Ayman A, Azizeldine MG, Elkhayat H, Emad Mashhour A,
Gaber M, Hamza HM, Hawal I, Hetta HF, Elghazaly SM,
Mohammed MM, Monib FA, Nageh MA, Saad A, Saad MM,
COVIDSurg Collaborative |3
Shahine M, Yousof EA, Youssef A (Assiut University Hospital,
Assiut, Egypt); Esmail E, Khalaf M (Kafr Elzyat Hospital, Egypt);
Eldaly A (El-Menshawy Hospital, Egypt); Ghoneim A, Hawila A,
Badr H, Elhalaby I, Abdel-bari M, Elbahnasawy M, Hamada MK,
Morsy MS, Hammad M, Hammad M, Essa M, Fayed MT, Elzoghby
M, Rady M, Hamad O, Salman S, Sarsik S, Abd-elsalam S, Gamal
Badr S, El-Masry Y (Tanta University Hospital, Egypt);
Moahmmed MMH (Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt);
Hailu S, Wolde A, Mengesha M, Nida S, Workneh M, Y Ahmed M,
Fisseha T, Kassa D, Zeleke H, Admasu A, Laeke T, Tirsit A,
Gessesse M, Addissie A (Tikur Anbessa (Black Lion) Hospital-
Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia); Bekele K (Maddawalabu
University Goba Referral Hospital, Ethiopia); Kauppila JH,
Sarjanoja E (La¨ nsi-Pohja Central Hospital, Finland); Testelin S,
Dakpe´ S, Devauchelle B, Bettoni J, Lavagen N (CHU Amiens,
France); Schmitt F, Leme´ e JM, Bouch er S, Breheret R, Ku¨ n-Darbois
JD, Kahn A, Gueutier A, Bigot P (CHU Angers, France); Borraccino
B (Centre Hospitalier Auxerre, Auxerre, France); Lakkis Z,
Doussot A, Heyd B, Manfredelli S, Mathieu P, Paquette B, Turco C,
Barrabe A, Louvrier A (CHU Besanc¸on, France); Moszkowicz D,
Giovinazzo D, Bretagnol F (Hoˆ pital Louis-Mourier - Ap-Hp,
France); Police A, Charre L, Volpin E, Braham H, El Arbi N,
Villefranque V, Bendjemar L (Hoˆ pital Simone Veil, France); Girard
E, Abba J, Trilling B (CHU Grenoble-Alpes, Hoˆ pital Michallon,
France); Chebaro A, Lecolle K, Truant S, El Amrani M, Zerbib P,
Pruvot FR, Mathieu D, Surmei E, Mattei L, Marin H (CHU Lille,
France); Christou N, Ballouhey Q, Ferrero P, Coste Mazeau P,
Tricard J, Barrat B, Taibi A, Usseglio J, Laloze J, Salle H, Fourcade L
(Chu Limoges, France); Duchalais E, Regenet N, Rigaud J, Waast
D, Denis W, Malard O, Buffenoir K, Espitalier F, Ferron C, Varenne
Y, Crenn V, De Vergie S, Cristini J, Samarut E (Nantes University
Hospital, France); Tzedakis S, Bouche PA, Gaujoux S (Hoˆ pital
Cochin - Aphp, France); Kantor E (AP-HP Hopital Bichat Claude
Bernard, Paris, France); Gossot D, Seguin-Givelet A, Fuks D,
Grigoroiu M, Sanchez Salas R, Cathelineau X, Macek P, Barbe´Y,
Rozet F, Barret E, Mombet A, Cathala N, Brian E, Zadegan F,
Conso C (Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, France); Blanc T, Broch
A, Sarnacki S, (Necker Enfants Malades University Children
Hospital - APHP, Paris ; Universite´ de Paris, Paris, France); Ali L,
Bonnard A, Peycelon M (Robert-Debre´ Children University
Hospital - APHP, Paris ; Universite´ de Paris, Paris, France);
Hervieux E, Clermidi P, Maisonneuve E, Aubry E, Thomin A,
Langlais T (Hoˆ pital Trousseau - Aphp, France); Passot G,Glehen
O, Cotte E, Lifante JC (Hopital Lyon Sud, Pierre Be´ nite, France); De
Simone B, Chouillard E (Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Poissy
Saint Germain En Laye, France); Arnaud AP, Violas P (CHU
Rennes - Hoˆ pital Sud, France); Bergeat D, Merdrignac A, Arnaud
AP (Chu Rennes - Hopital Pontchaillou, France); Scalabre A,
Perotto LO, Le Roy B, Haddad E, Vermersch S (Chu Saint Etienne,
France); Ezanno AC, Barbier O, Vigouroux F, Malgras B, Aime A
(Hia Begin, France); Seeliger B, Mutter D, Philouze G, Pessaux P
(IHU-Strasbourg / Strasbourg University Hospitals, France);
Germain A, Chanty H, Ayav A (CHRU Nancy, France); Kassir R,
Von theobald P, Sauvat F (CHU Reunion, France); O’Connor J,
Mayombo Idiata M, O’Connor Z, Tchoba S (Bongolo Hospital,
Gabon); Modabber A, Winnand P, Ho¨ lzle F (University Hospital
Aachen, Germany); Sommer B, Shiban E, Wolf S, Anthuber M,
Sommer F (University Hospital Augsburg, Germany); Kaemmerer
D, Schreiber T (Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Germany); Kamphues C,
Lauscher JC, Schineis C, Loch FN, Beyer K (Charite´ University
Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Germany); Nasser S,
Sehouli J (Charite´ Comprehensive Cancer Center, Germany);
Ho¨ hn P, Braumann C, Reinkemeier F, Uhl W (St Josef-Hospital,
Bochum, Germany); Weitz J, Bork U, Welsch T, Praetorius C, Korn
S, Distler M (University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical
University Dresden, Germany); Fluegen G, Knoefel WT, Vay C
(University Hospital Duesseldorf, Germany); Golcher H,
Gru¨ tzmann R, Binder J (Universita¨ tsklinikum Erlangen,
Germany); Meister P, Gallinat A, Paul A (University Hospital
Essen, Essen, Germany); Schnitzbauer AA, Thoenissen P, El
Youzouri H, Schreckenbach T, Nguyen TA (Frankfurt University
Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany); Eberbach H,
Bayer J, Erdle B, Sandkamp R (Medical Center – Albert-Ludwigs-
University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Germany); Nitschke
C, Izbicki J, Uzunoglu FG, Koenig D, Gosau M, Bo¨ttcher A, Heuer A,
Klatte TO, Priemel M, Betz CS, Burg S, Mo¨ ckelmann N, Busch CJ,
Bewarder J, Zeller N, Smeets R, Thole S, Vollkommer T, Speth U,
Stangenberg M (University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,
Germany); Hakami I, Boeker C, Mall J (KRH Nordstadt-Siloah
Hospitals, Hannover, Germany); Schardey HM , von Ahnen T, von
Ahnen M, Brunner U (Agatharied Hospital, Hausham, Germany);
Tapking C, Kneser U, Hirche C, Jung M, Kowalewski KF (BG
Trauma Center Ludwigshafen, Germany); Kienle P
(Theresienkrankenhaus, Mannheim, Germany); Reissfelder C,
Seyfried S, Herrle F, Hardt J, Galata C, Birgin E, Rahbari N, Vassos
N (Mannheim University Medical Center (Universita¨ tsmedizin
Mannheim), Germany); Stoleriu MG, Hatz R (Asklepios
Pulmonary Hospital, Munich Gauting, Germany); Albertsmeier M,
Bo¨ rner N, Lampert C, Werner J (Department of General, Visceral
and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨t
Munich, Munich, Germany); Kuehlmann B, Prantl L (University
Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany); Brunner SM, Schlitt
HJ, Brennfleck F, Pfister K, Oikonomou K (University Medical
Center Regensburg, Department of Surgery, Germany); Reinhard
T, Nowak K (RoMed Klinikum Rosenheim, Germany);
Ronellenfitsch U, Kleeff J, Delank KS, Michalski CW, Szabo G
(University Hospital Halle (Saale), Germany); Widyaningsih R,
Stavrou GA (Klinikum Saarbru¨ cken, Germany); Bschorer R,
Mielke J, Peschel T (Helios Kliniken Schwerin, Germany);
Ko¨ nigsrainer A, Quante M, Lo¨ ffler MW, Yurttas C (University
Hospital Tu¨ bingen, Department of General, Visceral and
Transplant Surgery, Germany); Doerner J, Seiberth R (Helios
Universita¨ tsklinikum Wuppertal (Universi ta¨ t Witten/Herdecke ),
Germany); Bouchagier K, Klimopoulos S, Paspaliari D, Stylianidis
G (Evaggelismos General Hospital, Greece); Syllaios A, Baili E,
Schizas D, Liakakos T, Charalabopoulos A, Zografos C, Spartalis E
(Laiko University Hospital, Greece); Manatakis DK, Tasis N,
Antonopoulou MI (Athens Naval and Veterans Hospital, Greece);
Xenaki S, Xynos E, Chrysos E, Athanasakis E, Tsiaousis J
(University Hospital of Heraklion Crete and Interclinic Hospital of
Crete, Greece); Lostoridis E, Tourountzi P (Kavala General
Hospital, Greece); Tzovaras G, Tepetes K, Zacharoulis D,
Baloyiannis I, Perivoliotis K, Hajiioannou J, Korais C, Gkrinia E,
Skoulakis CE, Saratziotis A, Koukoura O, Symeonidis D,
Diamantis A (General University Hospital of Larissa, Greece);
Tsoulfas G, Christou CD, Tooulias A, Papadopoulos V,
Anthoulakis C, Grimbizis G, Zouzoulas D, Tsolakidis D
(Papageorgiou General Hospital, Greece); Tatsis D, Christidis P,
Loutzidou L, Ioannidis O, Astreidis I, Antoniou A, Antoniadis K,
Vachtsevanos K, Paraskevopoulos K, Kalaitsidou I, Alexoudi V,
Stavroglou A, Mantevas A, Michailidou D, Grivas T, Deligiannidis
D, Politis S, (George Papanikolaou General Hospital of
Thessaloniki, Greece); Barrios Duarte A, Portilla AL, Lowey MJ,
Recinos G, Lopez Muralles I (Hospital General De Enfermedades,
Guatemala); Siguantay MA (Hospital Roosevelt, Guatemala City,
Guatemala); Estrada EE, Aguilera-Are´ valo ML, Cojulun JM,
4|BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
Echeverrı´a-Da´ vila G (Hospital General San Juan De Dios,
Guatemala City, Guatemala); Marı´n C, Icaza de Marı´n GC
(Hospital Regional De Zacapa, Guatemala); Kok SY, Joeng HKM,
Chan LL, Lim D (United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong); Novak Z,
Echim T (National Institute of Oncology, Hungary); Suszta´k N,
Banky B (Szent Borba´la Ko´rha´ z, Hungary); Kembuan G, Pajan H,
Islam AA (Rsud Wahidin Sudirohusodo, Indonesia); Rahim F
(Baghaei Hospital, Iran); Safari H (Golestan Hospital & Ahvaz
Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran); Mozafari M,
Brouki Milan P, Tizmaghz A, Rezaei Tavirani M (Firoozabadi
Hospital, Iran); Ahmed A (Baghdad Medical City, Iraq); Hussein R
(Zafaraniyah General Hospital, Iraq); Fleming C, O’Brien S, Kayyal
MY, Daly A, Killeen S, Corrigan M (Cork University Hospital,
Ireland); De Marchi J, Hill A, Farrell T, Davis NF, Kearney D,
Nelson T (Beaumont Hospital, Ireland); Maguire PJ, Barry C,
Farrell R, Smith LA, Mohan HM, Mehigan BJ, Mccormick P, Larkin
JO, Fahey BA, Rogers A, Donlon N, O’Sullivan H, Nugent T,
Reynolds JV, Donohue C, Shokuhi P, Ravi N, Fitzgerald C, Lennon
P, Timon C, Kinsella J, Smith J, Boyle T, Alazawi D, Connolly E,
Butt W, Croghan SM, Manecksha RP (St. James’s Hospital,
Ireland); Fearon N, Winter D, Heneghan H, Maguire D, Gallagher
T, Conlon K, Kennedy N, Martin S, Kennelly R, Hanly A, Ng KC,
Fagan J, Geary E, Cullinane C, Hanly A, Carrington E, Geraghty J,
McDermott E, Pritchard R, McPartland D, Boland M, Stafford A,
Maguire D, Geoghegan J (St Vincent’s University Hospital,
Ireland); Elliott JA, Ridgway PF, Gillis AE, Bass GA, Neary PC,
O’Riordan JM, Kavanagh DO, Reynolds IS, Conlon K, Joyce DP,
Boyle E, Egan B, Whelan M, Elkady R, Tierney S, Connelly TM,
Earley H, Umair M, O’Connell C, Manecksha RP, Thomas AZ, Rice
D, Madden A, Bashir Y, Creavin B (Tallaght Hospital, Ireland);
Cullivan O, Owens P, Canas-Martinez A, Murphy C, Pickett L,
Murphy B, Mastrosimone A, Beddy D, Arumugasamy M, Allen M,
Aremu M (Connolly Hospital Blanchardstown, Ireland); McCarthy
C, O’Connor C, O’Connor DB, Kent E, Malone F, Geary M (Rotunda
Hospital, Ireland); McKevitt KL, Lowery AJ, Ryan E
´J, Aherne TM,
Fowler A, Hassanin A, Hogan AM, Collins CG, Finnegan L, Carroll
PA, Kerin MJ, Walsh SR (University Hospital Galway, Ireland);
Nally D, Peirce C, Coffey JC, Cunningham RM, Tormey S
(University Hospital Limerick, Ireland); Hardy NP, Neary PM
(University Hospital Waterford/University College Cork, Ireland);
Muallem-Kalmovich L, Kugler N, Lavy R, Zmora O (Shamir
Medical Center, Israel); Horesh N (Sheba Medical Center, Israel);
Vergari R (Ospedali Riuniti Di Ancona, Italy); Mochet S, Barmasse
R, Usai A, Morelli L (Ospedale Regionale Umberto Parini, Italy);
Picciariello A, Papagni V, Altomare DF (Azienda Ospedaliero
Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico Di Bari, Italy); Colledan M,
Zambelli MF, Tornese S, Camillo A, Rausa E, Bianco F, Lucianetti
A (Asst-Papa Giovanni Xxiii- Bergamo, Italy); Prucher GM, Baietti
AM, Ruggiero F, Maremonti P, Neri F, Ricci S, Biasini M, Zarabini
AG (Ospedale Maggiore/Bellaria Carlo Alberto Pizzardi Ausl
Bologna, Italy); Belvedere A, Bernante P, Bertoglio P, Boussedra S,
Brunocilla E, Cipriani R, Cisternino G, De Crescenzo E, De Iaco P,
Della Gatta AN, Dondi G, Frio F, Jovine E, Mineo Bianchi F, Neri J,
Parlanti D, Perrone AM, Pezzuto AP, Pignatti M, Pilu G, Pinto V,
Poggioli G, Ravaioli M, Rottoli M, Schiavina R, Serenari M, Serra M,
Solli P, Taffurelli M, Tanzanu M, Tesei M, Violante T, Zanotti S
(Sant’orsola Hospital, Alma Mater Studiorum University of
Bologna, Italy, Italy); Tonini V, Sartarelli L, Cervellera M, Gori A
(S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Italy); Armatura G, Scotton G,
Patauner S, Frena A (St. Moritz Hospital, Italy); Podda M, Pisanu
A, Esposito G, Frongia F (Cagliari University Hospital, Italy); Abate
E, Laface L, Casati M, Schiavo M, Casiraghi T (Ospedale Vittorio
Emanuele III - Carate Brianza, Italy); Sammarco G, Gallo G,
Vescio G, Fulginiti S, Scorcia V, Giannaccare G, Carnevali A
(University ‘Magna Graecia’ of Catanzaro, Italy); Giuffrida MC,
Marano A, Palagi S, Di Maria Grimaldi S, Testa V, Peluso C, Borghi
F, Simonato A, Puppo A, D’Agruma M, Chiarpenello R, Pellegrino
L, Maione F, Cianflocca D, Pruiti Ciarello V, Giraudo G, Gelarda E,
Dalmasso E, Abrate A, Daniele A, Ciriello V, Rosato F, Garnero A,
Leotta L (Santa Croce E Carle Hospital, Cuneo, Italy); Giacometti
M, Zonta S (San Biagio Hospital, Domodossola - ASL VCO, Italy);
Lomiento D, Taglietti L, Dester S, Compagnoni B, Viotti F,
Cazzaniga R, Del Giudice R (Asst Valcamonica Ospedale Di Esine,
Italy); Mazzotti F, Pasini F, Ugolini G (Ospedale per gli Infermi di
Faenza, Italy); Fabbri N, Feo CV, Righini E, Gennari S (Azienda
Unita` Sanitaria Locale di Ferrara, Universita` di Ferrara, Italy);
Chiozza M, Anania G, Urbani A, Koleva Radica M, Carcoforo P,
Portinari M, Sibilla M (Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria
Sant’Anna, Italy); Anastasi A, Bartalucci B, Bellacci A, Canonico
G, Capezzuoli L, Di Martino C, Ipponi P, Linari C, Montelatici M,
Nelli T, Spagni G, Tirloni L, Vitali A (Ospedale San Giovanni Di
Dio, Italy); Agostini C, Alemanno G, Bartolini I, Bergamini C,
Bruscino A, Checcucci C, De Vincenti R, Di Bella A, Fambrini M,
Fortuna L, Maltinti G, Muiesan P, Petraglia F, Prosperi P, Ringressi
MN, Risaliti M, Sorbi F, Taddei A (Azienda Ospedaliera
Universitaria Careggi, Italy); Lizzi V, Vovola F, Arminio A, Cotoia
A, Sarni AL (Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria
Foggia, Italy); Familiari P, D’Andrea G, Picotti V, Ba` mbina F
(Fabrizio Spaziani, Italy); Fontana T (Vittorio Emanuele, Italy);
Barra F, Ferrero S, Gustavino C, Kratochwila C, Ferraiolo A,
Costantini S, Batistotti P, Aprile A, Almondo C, Ball L, Robba C,
Scabini S, Pertile D, Massobrio A, Soriero D (IRCCS Ospedale
Policlinico San Martino, Italy); D’Ugo S, Depalma N, Spampinato
MG ("Vito Fazzi" Hospital, Italy); Lippa L, Gambacciani C,
Santonocito OS, Aquila F, Pieri F (Spedali Riuniti Di Livorno, Italy);
Ballabio M, Bisagni P, Longhi M, Armao T, Madonini M, Gagliano
A, Pizzini P (Ospedale Maggiore Di Lodi, Italy); Costanzi A,
Confalonieri M, Monteleone M, Colletti G, Frattaruolo C, Mari G
(San Leopoldo Mandic, Italy); Spinelli A, Mercante G, Spriano G,
Gaino F, Ferreli F, De Virgilio A, Rossi V, Carvello MM, Di Candido
F, Kurihara H, Marrano E, Torzilli G, Castoro C, Carrano FM
(Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano (MI),
Italy); Martinelli F, Macchi A, Fiore M, Pasquali S, Cioffi SPB, Baia
M, Abatini C, Sarre C, Mosca A, Biasoni D, Gronchi A, Citterio D,
Mazzaferro V, Cadenelli P, Gennaro M, Capizzi V, Guaglio M,
Sorrentino L, Bogani G, Sarpietro G, Giannini L, Comini LV, Rolli L,
Folli S, Raspagliesi F, Piazza C, Cosimelli M, Salvioni R
(Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy);
Antonelli B, Baldari L, Boni L, Cassinotti E, Pignataro L, Rossi G,
Torretta S, Beltramini GA, Gianni’ A (Fondazione IRCSS Ca’
Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Italy); Tagliabue M, De
Berardinis R, Pietrobon G, Chu F, Cenciarelli S, Adamoli L,
Ansarin M, Fumagalli Romario U, Mastrilli F (Istituto Europeo Di
Oncologia - IRCCS, Milano, Italy); Mariani NM, Nicastro V (Asst
Santi Paolo E Carlo, Italy); Cellerino P (Ospedale Fatebenefratelli E
Oftalmico, Italy); Colombo F, Frontali A, Bondurri A, Guerci C,
Maffioli A, Ferrario L (Ospedale Luigi Sacco Milano, Italy);
Candiani M, Bonavina G, Ottolina J, Valsecchi L, Mortini P,
Gagliardi F, Piloni M, Medone M, Negri G, Bandiera A, De Nardi P,
Sileri P, Carlucci M, Pelaggi D, Rosati R, Vignali A, Parise P, Elmore
U (San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy); Tamini N,
Nespoli LC, Rennis M, Pitoni L, Chiappetta MF, Vico E, Fruscio R,
Grassi T (Ospedale San Gerardo, Universita` degli Studi di Milano
Bicocca, Italy); Sasia D, Migliore M, Gattolin A, Rimonda R,
Travaglio E, Olearo E (Regina Montis Regalis Hospital, Mondovı`,
Italy); Tufo A, Marra E, Maida P, Marte G, Tammaro P (Ospedale
COVIDSurg Collaborative |5
Del Mare, Italy); Bianco F, Incollingo P (Ospedale S. Leonardo - Asl
Napoli 3 Sud, Castellammare Di Stabia, Italy); Izzo F, Belli A,
Patrone R, Albino V, Leongito M, Granata V, Piccirillo M, Palaia R
(Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione, G. Pascale-IRCCS, Naples,
Italy); Francone E, Gentilli S, Nikaj H (Azienda Ospedaliero
Universitaria Maggiore Della Carita` , Novara, Italy); Fiorini A,
Norcini C, Chessa A (San Giovanni Di Dio, Italy); Marino MV,
Mirabella A, Vaccarella G (Azienda Ospedaliera, Ospedali Riuniti
Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy); Musini L, Ampollini L,
Bergonzani M, Varazzani A, Bellanti L, Domenichini M, Rossi G,
Cabrini E, Fornasari A, Freyrie A, Dejana DO, D’Angelo G, Bertoli
G, Di Lella F, Bocchialini G, Falcioni M, Lanfranco D, Poli T
(Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Italy); Giuffrida M,
Annicchiarico A, Perrone G, Catena F (Parma University Hospital,
Italy); Raffaele A (Policlinico San Matteo, Italy); De Manzoni
Garberini A (Ospedale Civile Spirito Santo, Italy); Baldini E, Conti
L, Ribolla M, Capelli P, Isolani SM, Maniscalco P, Cauteruccio M,
Ciatti C, Puma Pagliarello C, Gattoni S (Ospedale “Guglielmo Da
Saliceto” - Dipartimento di Chirurgia - Piacenza, Italy); Galleano
R, Malerba M, Ciciliot M (Ospedale Santa Corona, Pietra Ligure
(SV), Pietra Ligure, Italy); Farnesi F, Calabro` M, Pipitone Federico
NS, Lunghi EG, Muratore A (Edoardo Agnelli, Italy); Morelli L, Di
Franco G, Palmeri M, Tartaglia D, Coccolini F, Chiarugi M,
Simoncini T, Gadducci A, Caretto M, Giannini A, Perutelli A,
Domenici L, Garibaldi S, Capanna R, Andreani L, Furbetta N,
Guadagni S, Bianchini M, Gianardi D (Azienda Ospedaliero
Universitaria Pisana, Italy); Pinotti E, Montuori M, Carissimi F,
Baronio G (Policlinico San Pietro, Italy); Zizzo M, Castro Ruiz C,
Annessi V, Montella MT, Falco G, Mele S, Ferrari G, Mastrofilippo
V, Mandato VD, Aguzzoli L (Azienda Unita` Sanitaria Locale -
IRCCS Di Reggio Emilia, Italy); Corbellini C, Baldi C, Sampietro GM
(Ospedale Di Rho - Asst Rhodense, Italy); Palini GM, Zanini N,
Garulli G (Ospedale Infermi di Rimini, Rimini, Italy); Barone R,
Murgese A, Mungo S, Grasso M, Marafante C, Birolo SL, Moggia E,
Caccetta M, Masciandaro A, Deirino A, Garino M (Ospedale Degli
Infermi Di Rivoli, Italy); Perinotti R, Maiello F (Ospedale degli
Infermi, Biella, Italy); Gordini L, Lombardi CP, Marzi F, Marra AA,
Ratto C, Di Muro M, Litta F, De Simone V, Cozza V, Rosa F, Agnes
A, Parello A, Alfieri S, Sganga G (Fondazione Policlinico
Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Italy); Lapolla P, Mingoli A,
De Toma G, Fiori E, La Torre F, Sapienza P, Brachini G, Cirillo B,
Iannone I, Zambon M, Chiappini A, Meneghini S, Fonsi GB,
Cicerchia PM, Bruzzaniti P, Santoro A, Frati A, Marruzzo G,
Ribuffo D (Policlinico Umberto I Sapienza University of Rome,
Italy); Sagnotta A, Marino Cosentino L, Mancini S (Ospedale San
Filippo Neri, Italy); Lisi G, Spoletini D (Sant’Eugenio Hospital,
Italy); Bellato V Campanelli M, Sica G, Siragusa L, (Policlinico Tor
Vergata Hospital, Rome, Italy); Bonavina L, Asti E, Bernardi D,
Lovece A (IRCSS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan,
Italy); Perra T, Porcu A, Fancellu A, Feo CF, Scanu AM (Cliniche
San Pietro, A.O.U. Sassari, Italy); Tuminello F, Galleano R,
Franceschi A, Langone A (San Paolo, Italy); Fleres F, Spolini A,
Bordoni P, Franzini M, Clarizia G, Grechi A, Longhini A (Ospedale
Di Sondrio (Asst Valtellina E Alto Lario), Italy); Guaitoli E, Manca
G (Perrino Hospital Brindisi, Italy); Grossi U, Novello S, Zanus G,
Romano M, Rossi S (Ca’ Foncello Treviso - DISCOG, Universita`di
Padova, Italy); Ferrara F (San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, ASST
Santi Paolo e Carlo, Italy); La Torre M (Fabia Mater Hospital,
Rome, Italy); Pirozzolo G, Recordare A (Dell’Angelo Hospital,
ULSS3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy); Paiella S, Turri G, Rattizzato
S, Campagnaro T, Guglielmi A, Pedrazzani C, Ruzzenente A,
Poletto E, Conci S, Casetti L, Fontana M, Salvia R, Malleo G,
Esposito A, Landoni L, De Pastena M, Bassi C, Tuveri M, Nobile S ,
Marchegiani G, Bortolasi L (Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria
Integrata Di Verona, Italy); Sambugaro E, Malavolta M, Moretto G,
Impellizzeri H, Inama M (Ospedale Pederzoli, Italy); Barugola G,
Ascari F, Ruffo G (IRCCS Ospedale Sacro Cuore Don Calabria,
Negrar di Valpolicella (Verona), Italy); Granieri S, Cotsoglou C
(Asst Vimercate, Italy); Berselli M, Desio M, Marchionini V,
Cocozza E (ASST Settelaghi, Varese, Italy); Di Saverio S, Ietto G,
Iovino D, Carcano G (University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e
Fondazione Macchi (Varese), Varese Lombardy, Italy); Ayasra F,
Qasem A, Ayasra Y (Al-Basheer Hospital, Jordan); Al-Masri M,
Abou Chaar MK, Al-Najjar H, Ghandour K, Alawneh F, Abdel Jalil
R, Abdel Al S, Elayyan M, Ghanem R, Lataifeh I, Alsaraireh O
(King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan); Abu Za’nouneh FJ,
Fahmawee T, Ibrahim A, Obeidat K (King Abdullah University
Hospital, Jordan); Lee KJ (Keimyung University School of
Medicine, Daegu, Korea); Shin SJ, Chung H (Keimyung University,
Daegu, Korea); Albader I, Alabbad J, Albader MAS (Mubarak Al-
Kabeer Hospital, Jabriya, Kuwait); Bouhuwaish A, Taher AS,
Omar MSM (Tobruk Medical Center, Libya); Abdulwahed E, Biala
M, Morgom M (Tripoli Central Hospital, Libya); Elhadi A, Alarabi
A, Msherghi A, Elhajdawe F, Alsoufi A (Tripoli University
Hospital, Libya); Salamah A, Salama H, Bulugma M, Almabrouk H
(Zawia Teaching Hospital, Libya); Venskutonis D, Dainius E,
Kubiliute E, Bradulskis S, Parseliunas A, Kutkevicius J, Subocius A
(Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas Clinical
Hospital, Lithuania); Cheong YJ, Masood MS (Hospital Raja
Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Malaysia); Ngo CW, Saravanan R, Abdul
Maei N (Hospital Enche’ Besar Hajjah Khalsom, Malaysia); Hayati
F, Amin Sahid N (Queen Elizabeth Hospital & Universiti Malaysia
Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia); Yanowsky Reyes G,
Orozco Perez J, Damian R, Santana Ortiz R, Colunga Tinajero CA
(Antiguo Hospital Civil De Guadalajara, Mexico); Cordera F,
Go´ mez-Pedraza A, Maffuz-Aziz A, Posada JA, De la Rosa Abaroa
MA, Alvarez MR, Arrangoiz R, Herna´ ndez R (ABC Medical Center,
Mexico); Bozada Gutierrez K, Trejo-Avila M, Valenzuela-Salazar
C, Herrera-Esquivel J, Moreno-Portillo M (Hospital General Dr.
Manuel Gea Gonza´ lez, Mexico); Pinto-Angulo VM, Sosa-Duran EE,
Ziad-Aboharp H, Jimenez Villanueva X (Hospital Jua´ rez de
Me´ xico, Ciudad de Me´ xico, Mexico); Soule´ Martı´nez CE, Lupia´n-
Angulo AI (Hospital Central Norte Pemex, Mexico); Martı´nez
Zarate J Jacobo, Reyes Rodriguez E, Montalvo Dominguez G
(Hospital Me´dica Sur, Ciudad de Me´ xico, Mexico); Becerra Garcı´a
FC (Hospital San A
´ngel Inn Chapultepec, Mexico); Melchor-Ruan
J, Vilar-Compte D, Romero-Ba~
nuelos E, Herrera-Gomez A,
Meneses-Garcia A, Isla-Ortiz D, Salcedo-Herna´ ndez RA,
Herna´ ndez-Nava JM, Morales-Castelan JE (Instituto Nacional De
Cancerologia, Mexico); Sarre C, Posadas-Trujillo OE, Buerba GA,
Alfaro-Goldaracena A, Pena Gomez-Portugal E, Lopez-Pena G;
Hinojosa CA, Mercado MA (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de
Mexico, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion
Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City, Mexico); Ramos-De la Medina A,
Martinez L, Duran I, Gonzalez DS, Martinez MJ, Nayen Sainz de la
Fuente A (Hospital Espa~
nol Veracruz, Mexico); Miguelena L,
Herna´ ndez Miguelena L (Hospital Regional Veracruz, Mexico);
Louraoui SM, El Azhari A, Rghioui M (Cheikh Khalifa
International University Hospital, Morocco); Khya E (Moulay
Youssef, Morocco); Ghannam A, Souadka A, El Ahmadi B,
Belkhadir ZH, Majbar MA, Benkabbou A, Mohsine R (Institut
National D’oncologie, Morocco); Oudrhiri MY, Bechri H, Arkha Y,
El Ouahabi A (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina Rabat,
Morocco); Frima H, Bachiri S, Groen LC (Noordwest
Ziekenhuisgroep, Alkmaar, Netherlands); Verhagen T, ter Brugge
FM (Ziekenhuisgroep Twente, Almelo, Netherlands); Scheijmans
6|BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
JCG, Boermeester MA, Hompes R, Meima-van Praag EM,
Sharabiany S (Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam,
Netherlands); Borgstein ABJ, Gisbertz SS, van Berge Henegouwen
MI (Amsterdam UMC VUMV, Netherlands); Gans S, Van
Duijvendijk P, Herklots T, De Hoop T, De Graaff MR, Sloothaak D,
Bolster-van Eenennaam M, Baaij J, Klinkenbijl JHG (Gelre zieken-
huis, Apeldoorn, Netherlands); Van Eekeren R, Spillenaar Bilgen
EJ (Rijnstate, Arnhem, Netherlands); Van der Burg SW, Harlaar
NJ, Jonker FHW (Rode Kruis Ziekenhuis, Beverwijk, Netherlands);
Vermaas M, Voigt KR (Ijsselland Ziekenhuis, Capelle aan den
Ijssel, Netherlands); Nellensteijn D, Bensi EAB, (Curacao Medical
Center, Willemstad, Curac¸ao, Curac¸ao, Netherlands); Posma-
Bouman L (Slingeland Ziekenhuis, Netherlands); Van Sambeek M,
Holscher M (Catharina Ziekenhuis, Eindhoven, Netherlands); Van
den den Broek WT (St. Anna Ziekenhuis, Geldrop , Netherlands);
HKruijff S, De Vries JPPM, Steinkamp PJ, Jonker PKC, Van der Plas
WY, Bierman W, Janssen Y (University Medical Center Groningen,
Netherlands); Franken J, Oosterling S (Spaarne Gasthuis,
Netherlands); Boerma EG, Schweitzer D, Keulen MHF, Ketting S
(Zuyderland MC, Sittard/Heerlen, Netherlands); Wegdam JA,
Vries Reilingh TS de, Schipper E, Teeuwen PHE (Elkerliek
Ziekenhuis, Helmond, Netherlands); Hendriks ER, Van Geloven
AAW (Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, Netherlands); Emous M,
Poelstra R, Teunissen M (Medisch Centrum Leeuwarden,
Leeuwarden, Netherlands); Gerritsen SL, Boerma D, (st. Antonius
Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, Netherlands); De Reuver PR,
Thunnissen F, Vermeulen BAM, Groen A, (Radboud Universitair
Medisch Centrum, Nijmegen, Netherlands); Van Ginhoven TM,
Vie¨tor CL, van der Oest MJW (Erasmus Medisch Centrum,
Rotterdam, Netherlands); Vriens PWHE, Houwen T, J
Heisterkamp (Elisabeth TweeSteden Ziekenhuis, Tilburg,
Netherlands); van Petersen AS, van der Meij W, Stevens CT
(Bernhoven, Uden, Netherlands); Pronk A, Bakker WJ
(Diakonessenhuis, Utrecht, Netherlands); Richir MC, Vriens MR,
Filipe MD, (University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht,
Netherlands); Uittenbogaart M, Leclercq WKG, Sijmons JML,
Vancoillie PJ (Maxima Medical Center, Netherlands); Konsten J,
Van Heinsbergen M (VieCuri Medisch Centrum, Netherlands);
Dekker NAM, den Boer FC (Zaans Medisch Centrum, Zaandam,
Netherlands); Akinmade A, Adeyeye A, Enoch E, Fayose S (Afe
Babalola University Multi-System Hospital, Nigeria); Okunlola AI,
Adeniyi AA, Adeyemo OT, Adebara IO, Bakare A, Babalola OF,
Abiyere OH, Banjo OO (Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti,
Nigeria); Olori S, Akaba OG, Agida ET, Abdullahi IH (University of
Abuja Teaching Hospital, Nigeria); Egbuchulem IK, Olulana D,
Lawal TA, Ogundoyin O, Oyelakin OA, Nwaorgu OG, Sule SO
(University College Hospital, Nigeria); Makwe CC, Afolabi BB,
Seyi-Olajide JO, Ademuyiwa AO, Bode CO, Atoyebi O, Elebute OA,
Okunowo AA (Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria);
Williams OM, Eke NG, Oshodi OA, Faboya OM, Adeniran AS,
Omisanjo OA, Oshodi YA, Ogunyemi AA, Atobatele KM (Lagos
State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria); Adeyeye A, Aremu I,
Olasehinde O, Abdur-Rahman L, Bello J, Popoola A, Sayomi TO,
Raji HO, Adeleke N, Lawal B, Habeeb O, Agodirin O (University of
Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria); Tolani MA, Sholadoye TT,
Nwabuoku SE, Abubakar M (Ahmadu Bello University Teaching
Hospital, Nigeria); Risteski T, Cvetanovska Naunova V, Jovcheski
L, Lazova E (University Clinic for Pediatric Surgery, North
Macedonia); Agledahl I (Hammerfest Hospital, Norway); Breuer
RG (Soerlandet Hospital Kristiansand, Kristiansand, Norway);
Massoud J (Khoula Hospital, Oman); Waqar SH, Rashid I, Ayubi A
(Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Pakistan); Bhatti ABH
(Shifa International Hospital, Pakistan); Younis MU (Jinnah post
graduate medical center, Karachi, Pakistan); Ghouri A, Ayub B,
Sayyed RH (Patel Hospital, Pakistan); Saleem A, Turk K, Alvi A,
Abassy J, Khan S, Arshad M, Ahmed K, Siddiqui T, Pirzada A (Aga
Khan University, Pakistan); Kerawala AA, Jamal A (Cancer
Foundation Hospital, Pakistan); Rai L, Nafees Ahmed R, Memon
AS (Dr Ruth K.m. Pfau Civil Hospital, Pakistan); Qureshi AU,
Ayyaz M, Umar M, Butt U, Kashif M, Khan WH, Waris Farooka M,
Wasim T (Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan); Talat N,Tahir W,
Naseem J (The Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health
Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan); Akbar A, Afroze S, Ali L,Sultan A, Ali
HB (Doctors Hospital, Pakistan); Janjua MH, Janjua A, Asghar S,
Farooq MS, Sarwar MZ, Naqi SA, Gondal KM (King Edward
Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan); Bukhari SI
(Lady Reading Hospital, Pakistan); Tariq M (North West General
Hospital and Research Centre, Pakistan); Javed S, Yaqoob E,
Ashraf M, Mahmood U, Raja Shabbir K (Holy Family Hospital,
Pakistan); Abukhalaf SA, Amro A (Palestine Medical Complex,
Palestine); Cabada Lee JM (Complejo Hospitalario Caja Seguro
Social, Panama); Aguilar A (Hospital De Especialidades
Pediatricas Css, Panama); Rodriguez E (Hospital Santo Tomas,
Panama); Castillo K (Hospital Irma De Lourdes Tzanetatos CSS,
Panama); Cukier M, Rodriguez-Zentner H, Arrue E (Pacifica Salud
Hospital, Panama); Isaacs Beron R (Hospital Regional Rafael
Hernandez Css, Panama); Rodrı´guez Gonzalez A (Hospital de
Clı´nicas, II Ca´ tedra de Clı´nica Quiru´ rgica, Universidad Nacional
de Asuncio´ n, Asuncion, Paraguay); Panduro-Correa V, Cornelio
DK (Hospital Hermilio Valdizan Medrano, Peru); Otiniano
Alvarado CE, Caballero Sarabia VD (Arzobispo Loayza National
Hospital, Peru); Vasquez-Ojeda XP, Lizzetti-Mendoza G, Niquen-
Jimenez M, Shu-Yip SB, Leo´ n Palacios JL, Borda-Luque G
(Cayetano Heredia National Hospital, Peru); Zegarra SA, Huama´n
Egoa´ vil E, Suazo Carmelo C (Guillermo Almenara National
Hospital, Peru); Castro de la Mata R, Rivas D, Targarona J (Clı´nica
Delgado Auna, Peru); Trujillo Y, Olivera Villanueva M (Hospital
Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrio´ n, Peru); Lahoud-Velaochaga A,
Cabillas K, Casta~
neda W, Colina Casas J (Hospital Nacional Sergio
E. Bernales, Lima, Peru); Betalleluz Pallardel J, Camacho Zacarı´as
F, Ve´lez Segura E, Cruz Condori DL (Hospital De Emergencias Jose
Casimiro Ulloa, Peru); Huama´ n E (Hospital Guillermo Kaelin de la
Fuente, Lima, Peru); Ugarte Oscco R, Vergel Cabrera C, Huama´n
Egoa´ vil E (Hospital Emergencia Ate Vitarte, Lima, Peru); Carpio
Colmenares YT, Garcı´a Barrionuevo LA, Ca´ rdenas Ruiz de Castilla
D, Mansilla Doria P, Li Valencia MR (Clı´nica El Golf - Sanna, Peru);
Salazar A, Sarmiento A, Dı´az C, Morales E, Ore E, Zegarra H,
Siccha J, Guardia M, Sandoval M, Mendiola GC, Mimbela M
(Hospital Santa Rosa De Lima, Peru); Diaz-Ruiz R, Zeta LA,
Cordova-Calle E, (Hospital Regional de Piura, Jose Cayetano
Heredia , Peru); Nu~
nez HM (Hospital II-2 Tarapoto, Tarapoto,
Peru); Ortiz-Argomedo MR (Hospital Bele´ n de Trujillo, Trujillo, La
Libertad, Peru); Caballero-Alvarado J, Salazar-Tantalea´n A,
Espinoza-Llerena R (Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo,
Trujillo, Peru); Aliaga-Ramos M (Hospital Alberto Hurtado
Abadia, La Oroya - Yauli, Peru); Asodisen O, Jabagat E, Tedoy CM
(Cebu City Medical Center, Cebu City, Philippines); Ramos RA,
Lopez MPJ, Violago KLE, Aram R (Ospital Ng Makati, Philippines);
Carlos Santos P, Filarca RFCarlos A, Santos P, Filarca RL (Medical
Center Manila-ManilaMed, Manila, Philippines); Domingo EJ, Khu
KJO, Lapitan MC, Sacdalan MDP, Kho MJN, Baticulon RE, Bravo
SLR (Philippine General Hospital, University of The Philippines
Manila, Philippines); Cueto, MAC, Ramos, CL, Fuentes, JR (Jose´R.
Reyes Memorial Medical Center, Manila, Philippines); Sadian H,
Gumarao A, Barraquio A, Cruz EM, Gonzales AD (Pasig City
General Hospital, Philippines); Reyes JAS, Salud JA, Tancinco EG,
COVIDSurg Collaborative |7
Rivera RD, Lim JA (The Medical City, Philippines); Barcelon JC,
Chiu JA, Carballo MI (Cardinal Santos Medical Center,
Philippines); Major P, Gawron I, Jach R (Jagiellonian University
Medical College, Poland); Borges F, Matos Costa P, Henriques S,
Rodrigues SC (Hospital Garcia de Orta, Portugal); Gonc¸alves N
(Hospital De Braga, Portugal); Curvas JM (Hospital de Braganc¸a,
Braganc¸a, Portugal); Cabeleira A, Branco C, Serralheiro P, Alves R,
Teles T (Hospital De Cascais - Dr. Jose´ De Almeida, Portugal);
La´ zaro A, Canhoto C, Sim~
oes J, Costa M, Almeida AC, Nogueira O,
Oliveira A, Athayde Neme´ sio R, Silva M, Lopes C, Amaral MJ,
Valente da Costa A, Andrade R, Martins R,Guimar~
aes A, Guerreiro
P, Ruivo A, Camacho C, Duque M, Santos E, Breda D, Oliveira JM,
De Oliveira Lopez AL, Garrido S, Colino M, De Barros J, Correia S,
Rodrigues M (Centro Hospitalar E Universita´ rio De Coimbra,
Portugal); Cardoso P, Martins R, Teixeira J, Soares AP, Morais H,
Pereira R, Revez T, Manso MI, Domingues JC, Henriques P, Ribeiro
R, Ribeiro VI, Cardoso N, Sousa S, Martins dos Santos G (Centro
Hospitalar Universita´rio do Algarve - Unidade De Faro, Portugal);
Carvalho L, Oso´ rio C, Antunes J, Lourenc¸o S, Balau P, Godinho M,
Pereira A (Centro Hospitalar Entre o Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria
da Feira, Portugal); Silva N, Kam da Silva Andrade A, Pereira
Rodrigues A, Borges N, Correia J, Vieira I, Ribeiro T, Catarino J,
Correia R, Pais F, Carreira Garcia R, Bento R, Cardoso J, Luis M,
Santos E, Henriques J, Patena Forte J, Maciel J, Pinheiro Santos J,
Silva M, Silva TP, Branquinho A (Centro Hospitalar Universita´ rio
Lisboa Central, Portugal); Caiado A (Instituto Portugueˆs De
Oncologia De Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Portugal); Miranda P,
Garrido R, Peralta Ferreira M, Ascens~
ao J, Costeira B, Cunha C, Rio
Rodrigues L, Sousa Fernandes M, Azevedo P, Ribeiro J, Lourenc¸o I,
Gomes H, Mendinhos G, Nobre Pinto A (Hospital Beatriz Angelo,
Portugal); Ribeiro A, Gil CG, Lima-da-Silva C, Pereira C, Tavares F,
Ferraz I, Almeida JI, Marialva J, Lopes L, Costa MJMA, Nunes-
Coelho M, Teixeira MJ, Machado N, Alfonso JP, Saraiva P, Silva RL,
Santos R, Almeida-Reis R, Correia-de-Sa´ T, Fernandes V,
Almeida-Pinto J, Gonc¸alves JP (Centro Hospitalar do Taˆ mega e
Sousa, Portugal); Santos-Sousa H, Cavaleiro S, Leite-Moreira AM,
Pereira A, Pereira-Neves A, Faria CS, Monteiro JM, Nogueiro J,
Sampaio-Alves M, Magalh~
aes Maia M, Vieira P, Pina-Vaz T,
Ja´ come F, Devezas V, Almeida A, Silveira H, Vaz S, Castanheira
Rodrigues S (Centro Hospitalar E Universita´ rio De S~
ao Jo~
ao,
Portugal); Costa Santos D, Grilo JV, Abreu da Silva A, Claro M,
Deus AC (Hospital Do Litoral Alentejano, Portugal); Branquinho R
(Centro Hospitalar Medio Tejo, Portugal); Santos PMDD, Patrı´cio
B, Vieira Paiva Lopes AC (Hospital De Torres Vedras - Centro
Hospitalar Do Oeste, Portugal); Mendes JM, Carvalho MF, Oliveira
CM (Centro Hospitalar do Me´dio Ave, Portugal); Tojal A, Pinto J
(Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Portugal); Abutaka A, Zarour
A, Abdelkareem M, Ali SM, Al Tarakji M, Alfkey R, Mukhtar K,
Wani IR, Singh R, Ahmed K, Bouchiba N, Mahdi H, Abdelaziem
Mustafa S, Al Ansari A (Hamad General Hospital, Qatar);
Drasovean R, Caziuc A (Clinica Chirurgie I, Spitalul Clinic
Judetean de Urgenta, Cluj-Napoca, Romania); Galliamov E,
Agapov M, Kakotkin V, Semina E, Kubyshkin V, Kamalov A
(Moscow Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow
State University, Russian Federation); Efetov SK, Kochetkov VS,
Garmanova T, Tsarkov P, Tulina I, Rodimov S, Markaryan D,
Kazachenko E (Clinic of Coloproctology and Minimally Invasive
Surgery, Sechenov Medical State University, Moscow, Russian
Federation); Yanishev A, Abelevich A, Bazaev A, Kokobelyan A,
Zarubenko P (Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny
Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital, Russian Federation);
Zakharenko A, Novikova A (Pavlov First State Medical University
of St. Petersburg, Russian Federation); Kim G, Shmatov D,
Stoliarov M, Kamenskikh M (Saint Petersburg State University
Hospital, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation); Nambi G
(University Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Almulhim AS, Madkhali T,
Alzouhir A, Alissa A (King Fahad Hospital Hofuf, Saudi Arabia);
Alameer E, Badedi M, Alnami AQ, Darraj H (Jazan University -
King Fahd Central Hospital - Sabia General Hospital - Baish
General Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Alkhuzaie A, Khadwardi F,
Abualjadayel M, Tashkandi W (King Abdulaziz Hospital and
Oncology Center, Saudi Arabia); Farsi A, Malibary N, Trabulsi N,
Farsi S (King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Said
bayazeed A, Nasser M, Siddiqui MS, Al Awwad S (King Fahad
General Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Alshahrani M, Alsharif F, Fahmi
MW (Aseer Central Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Gudal A, Alasmari A,
Alqahtani S (King Abdullah Medical Complex - Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia); Majrashi S, Mashat A, Al Raddadi R (East Jeddah General
Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Alharbi A, Nasser Y, Hamayel H, Alhojaili
A, Aljohani R (King Fahad General Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Sogair
O (Ohud Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Alfarhan O, Alzahrani A,
Alzomaili B, Tashkandi W (Hera General Hospital, Saudi Arabia);
A Azab M (King Abdullah Medical City Makkah, Saudi Arabia);
Alotaibi M, Maashi A, Zowgar A, Alsakkaf M (King Faisal Hospital,
Saudi Arabia); Alnemary M, Khayat S, Felmban S, Almhmadi A
(Alnoor Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Alqannas M, Corte´s
Guiral D, Alyami M, Elawad A (King Khalid Hospital, Najran,
Saudi Arabia); Alhefdhi A, Alresaini F, Kurdi W, Tulbah M,
Aldakheel M, Alsahan N, Koussayer S, Elsheikh H, Al-qattan M,
Alshanafey S, Rafique A, Mahabbat N, Saeed B (King Faisal
Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia); Al-Kharashi E, Alsowaina K,
Arab N, Aljaber F, Al Hasan I, Alghamdi A, Badahdah F, Alghuliga
A, Abdulfattah F, Alanazi F, Albaqami F, Alsuhaibani A (Prince
Sultan Military Medical City, Saudi Arabia); AlFakhri A, Alqasem
S, Alajaji N (King Fahad Medical City, Saudi Arabia); Nouh T, Bin
Nasser A, Alowais J, Alburakan A, Alamri O, Albdah A, Alawi K,
Alshalhoub M (King Saud University, Saudi Arabia); ElSanhoury
K, Almofarreh A, Ibrahim S, Elshafie H, Osman I, Guzman T,
Mutair H, Siddiqui A, Chowdhury S, Alghamdi R, Almutrafi S,
Alfaifi J, D’Souza J, Alshitwi A, Alkreedees N, Alramadhan M,
Alshehri M (King Saud Medical City, Saudi Arabia); Alzahrani A,
Alobaysi S, Badr H, Alshahrani A (Security Forces Hospital, Saudi
Arabia); Alshehri A, Alrashed M, Altahan T, Alsabahi T,
Alhossaini R, Sbaih M (Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital,
Saudi Arabia); Alalawi Y, Alnwijy K, Al Ayed A (King Salman
Armed Forces Hospital, Tabouk, Saudi Arabia); Ghedan S,
Alharthi R, Awad S, I Sharara M, Abdelrhman S, Althobaiti W
(King Faisal Medical Complex, Saudi Arabia); Srbinovic L, Perovic
M, Mikovic Z, Nikolic B, Vasiljevic M, Pazin V, Mandic Markovic V,
Dimitrijevic D, Zecevic N (Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics
Narodni Front, Serbia); Gregoric P, Micic D, Loncar Z, Doklestic K,
Ivancevic N (Clinic for Emergency Surgery, Emergency Center,
Clinical Center of Serbia, Serbia); Djukic V, Stojakov D, Ilic R,
Savic P, Pijanovic N, Milanovic M, Radosavljevic M, Dejanovic T,
Kostic M, Paskas J, Bojic S, Stevanovic P, Djuric M (KBC Dr Dragisa
Misovic-Dedinje, Serbia); Kadija M, Tulic G, Glisovic Jovanovic I
(Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clinical
Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia); Lieske B (National University
Hospital, Singapore, Singapore); Kayombo E, Kruger I, De Kock M,
Malan A, Ferreira C, Du Preez H, Mulder W, Noel C, Le Grange S,
Lusawana O (Universitas Academic Hospital Complex, South
Africa); Kies C, Steyn E, Janson J, Buitendag JJP, Chu K, Mihalik M,
Nel R, Naidoo S (Tygerberg Hospital, South Africa); Kloppers C,
Nel D, Jonas E, Pickard H, Bernon M, Almgla N, Rayamajhi S,
Mugla W (Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa); Carapinha C
(Netcare Clinton Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa); Hyman
8|BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
GY, Fourtounas M, Moore R (Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic
Hospital, South Africa); Sa´ nchez Mozo A (Complejo Hospitalario
Universitario De Albacete, Spain); Aguado Lopez H (Hellin
Hospital, Spain); Za´ rate Pinedo A (Hosp ital Germans Trias i Pujol,
Badalona, Spain); Jimenez Toscano M, Alonso de la Fuente N,
Mancebo G, Cecchini L, Munarriz M, Cazador Labat M, Lo´ pez
Campillo A, Martorell P, Espinosa CA (Hospital Del Mar, Spain);
Caja Vivancos P, Villalabeitia Ateca I, Prieto Calvo M, Marı´n H,
Martin Playa P, Gainza A, Aragon Achig EJ, Rodriguez Fraga A,
Melchor Corco´ stegui I, Mallabiabarrena Ormaechea G, Garcia
Gutierrez JJ, Barbier L, Pesa´ ntez Peralta MA, Jime´ nez Jime´ nez M,
Municio Martı´n JA, Go´ mez Sua´ rez J, Garcı´a Opere´ G, Pascua
Go´ mez LA, O~
nate Aguirre M (Hospital Universitario Cruces,
Spain); Fernandez-Colorado A, De la Rosa-Estadella M, Gasulla-
Rodriguez A, Serrano-Martin M, Peig-Font A, Junca-Marti S,
Juarez-Pomes M, Garrido-Ondono S, Blasco-Torres L, Molina-
Corbacho M, Maldonado-Sotoca Y, Gasset-Teixidor A, Blasco-
Moreu J (Corporacio´ Sanita` ria Parc Taulı´, Spain); Gomez
Fernandez L, Cayetano Paniagua L (Consorci Sanitari De
Terrassa, Spain); Izquierdo O, Ventura D, Castellanos J (Parc
Sanitari Sant Joan de De´u, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona,
Spain); Ballester Vazquez E, Sanchez Lopez A, Balague Ponz C,
Targarona Soler EM, Sanche z Cabu´ s S, Molina Santos V, Gonzalez
Lopez JA, Medrano Caviedes R, Moral Duarte A (Hospital De La
Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Spain); Espin-Basany E, Pellino G, Blanco-
Colino R (Vall D’hebron University Hospital, Spain); Turrado-
Rodriguez V, Lacy AM, de Lacy FB, Morales X, Carreras-Casta~
ner
A, Torner P, Jornet-Gibert M, Balaguer-Castro M, Renau-Cerrillo
M, Camacho-Carrasco P, Vives-Barquiel M, Campuzano-Bitterling
B, Gracia I, Pujol-Muncunill R (Hospital Clı´nic de Barcelona,
Spain); Martin-Sole O, Rubio-Palau J, Tarrado X, Garcia-Aparicio
L, De Haro Jorge I, Martin A, Rojas-Ticona J, Perez-Bertolez S,
Cuesta Argos M, Capdevila Vilaro B, Coronas Soucheiron M, Riba
Martinez M, Saura Garcia L, Prat Ortells J, Bejarano Serrano M,
Parri P, Massaguer C, Vicario F, Palazon Bellver P, Moraleda
Gudayol I (Hospital Sant Joan de Deu de Barcelona, Spain); Lara
A, Escobar D, Arrieta M, Garcia de cortazar U, Villamor Garcia I
(Hospital Universitario De Basurto, Spain); Landaluce-olavarria A,
Gonzalez De miguel M, Ferna´ndez Go´ mez Cruzado L, Bego ~
na E,
Lecumberri D (Hospital Urduliz, Spain); Acosta Me´ rida MA, Yepes
Cano AF (Hospital Universitario De Gran Canaria Doctor Negrı´n,
Spain); Estaire Go´ mez M, Padilla-Valverde D, Sa´ nchez-Garcı´a S,
Sanchez-Pelaez D, Jimenez Higuera E, Pico´ n Rodrı´guez R,
Ferna´ ndez Camu ~
nas A
`, Martı´nez-Pinedo C, Garcia Santos EP,
Mu~
noz-Atienza V, Moreno Pe´ rez A, Lo´ pez de la Manzanara Cano
CA (Hospital General Universitario De Ciudad Real, Spain);
Ugarte-Sierra B, Iba´ ~
nez-Aguirre FJ, De Andres Olabarria U,
Ferna´ ndez Pablos FJ, Dura´ n Ballesteros M, Sanz Larrainzar A
(Hospital Universitario De Galdakao, Spain); Jime´ nez Carneros V,
Valle Rubio A, Alonso-Lamberti L, Salazar A, Garcı´a-Quijada J,
Leon R, Rodriguez JL, Jimenez Miramo´ n J, Jover JM, Martı´n
Salamanca MB, Assaf M, Pe´ rez Simo´ n V, Landeo Agu¨ ero SA,
Baeza Pintado N, Huertas Fernandez MA, Carabias A (Getafe
University Hospital, Spain); Sosa MV, Lora-Cumplido P, Lanuza L
(Hospital de Cabue~
nes, Spain); Galipienso Eri M, Garcia
Montesino JD, Dellonder Frigole´ J, Noriego Mu ~
noz D (Hospital
Universitari De Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Spain); Navarro-Sa´ nchez
A (Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil
de Gran Canaria, Spain); Enjuto D, Perez Gonzalez M, Dı´az Pe~
na P,
Gonzalez J, Marqueta De Salas M, Martinez Pascual P, Rodrı´guez
Go´ mez L, Garce´ s Garcı´a R, Ramos Bonilla A, Herrera-Merino N,
Ferna´ ndez Bernabe´ P, Cagigal Ortega EP, Herna´ ndez I, Garcı´a de
Castro Rubio E, Cervera I (Severo Ochoa University Hospital,
Spain); Sa´ nchez-Guille´ n L, Ferna´ ndez-Candela A, Curtis-Martı´nez
C, Soler-Silva A
´, Oller A
´, Triguero-Ca´ novas D, Bosch-Ramı´rez M,
Lillo C, Lario S, Arroyo A (Universidad Miguel Herna´ ndez, Elche ,
Alicante, Spain); Espino Segura-Illa M, Sa´ nchez Aniceto G,
Casta~
no-Leon AM, Jimenez-Roldan L, Delgado Fernandez J, Pe´ rez
Nu´ ~
nez A, Lagares A, Garcia Perez D, Santas M, Paredes I, Esteban
Sinovas O, Moreno-Gomez L, Rubio E, Vega V, Vivas Lopez A,
Labalde Martinez M, Garcı´a Villar O, Pelae´ z Torres PM, Garcia -
Borda J, Ferrero Herrero E, Gomez P, Eiriz Fernandez C, Ojeda-
Thies C, Pardo Garcia JM (12 De Octubre University Hospital,
Spain); Di Martino M, De la Hoz Rodriguez A, Garcı´a Septiem J,
Maqueda Gonza´ lez R, Delgado Bu´ rdalo L, Correa Bonito A,
Martin-Perez E (Hospital Universitario De La Princesa, Spain);
Garcı´a Villayza´ n JE, Albi Martin B (Fundacio´ n Jimenez Diaz
University Hospital, Spain); Lozano Lominchar P, Martin L,
Fernadez M, Rey-Valcarcel C, Tousidonis M, Martin-Albo
Caballero L, Lowy A, Alonso Ortu~
no P, Ayuso Herrera E, Ca~
no
Velasco J, Aragon-Chamizo J, Perez Diaz MD, Mateo-Sierra O,
Quintana-Villamandos B, Barrio JM, Fanjul M, Sanchez- Perez C,
Fernandez ML, Hernandez-Kakauridze S, Rio J (Hospital General
Universitario Gregorio Mara~
no´ n, Spain); Dı´az Pe´ rez D, Serrano
Gonza´ lez J, Colao Garcı´a L, Gutierrez Samaniego M, Hernandez
Bartolome MA, Galindo Jara P, Esteban Agustı´ E (Hospital
Universitario De Torrejo´ n De Ardoz, Spain); Ripolle´ s-Melchor J,
Abad-Motos A, Abad-Gurumeta A, Martı´nez-Hurtado E, Ruiz-
Escobar A (Infanta Leonor University Hospital, Spain); Brogly N,
Guasch E, Hernandez Gutierrez A, Bartha Rasero JL, Perez Y,
Garcia-Pineda V, Gracia M, Siegrist Ridruejo J, Diestro MD,
Sanchez-Mendez JI, Marti C, Melendez M, Moreno-Palacios E,
Loayza A, Frias L, Zapardiel I, Rubio-Perez I, Prieto Nieto MI,
Guevara J, Gegundez Simon A, GortazarS, Chavarrias N, Alvarez
E, Saavedra J, Ramos-Martin P, Urbieta A, Gomez Rivas J, Toribio-
Va´ zquez C, Yebes A (Hospital Universitario La Paz, Spain);
Herna´ ndez-Garcı´a M, Losada M, Die´ guez B, Garcı´a-Conde M,
Alonso Poza A (Hospital Universitario Del Sureste, Spain);
Marquez L, Becerra R, Martin M, Jorgensen T (Hospital Central De
La Cruz Roja San Jose Y Santa Adela, Spain); Muguerza JM,
Dziakova J, Sa´ nchez del Pueblo C, Saez Carlin P, Camarero E,
Picazo S, Pizarro MJ, Avellana R, Catala´ n V, Lopez Anto ~
nanzas L,
Cano O, Anula R, Sanz Lopez R, Sanz Ortega G, Garcia Alonso M,
Torres AJ, Martin Antona E,Garcia Botella S (Hospital Clı´nico San
Carlos De Madrid, Spain); Ramos D, Barranquero AG, Oca ~
na J,
Nu´ ~
nez J, Cerr o Zaballos C (Hospital Universitario Ramo´ n Y Cajal,
Spain); Crego-Vita D, Huecas-Martinez M (Hospital Central De La
Defensa Gomez Ulla, Madrid, Spain); Diez Alonso M, Mendoza-
Moreno F, Vera Mansilla C, Ovejero Merino E, Hernandez P,
Blazquez Martin A, Ruiz Grande F, Morales Palacios N, Garcia-
Loarte Gomez E, Garca Rico E (Hospital Universitario Principe De
Asturias, Spain); Minaya-Bravo AM, San Miguel Me´ ndez C, Galvan
Pe´rez A, Gonzalez-Gonzalez E, Robin Valle de Lersundi A,
Calcerrada Alises E, Garcı´a-Ure~
na MA, Cruz Cidoncha A (Hospital
Del Henares. Universidad Francisco de Vitoria. , Spain); Troncoso
Pereira P, Alcaide Matas F, Garcı´a Pe´ rez JM (Hospital Mateu Orfila,
Spain); Mu~
noz Vives JM, Osorio A, Go´ mez Dı´ az CJ, Guariglia CA,
Soto Montesinos C, Sanchon L, Xicola Martı´nez M, Gua` rdia N,
Collera P, Diaz Del Gobbo R, Sanchez Jimenez R, Farre Font R,
Flores Clotet R (Fundacio´ Althaia - Xarxa Assistencial
Universita` ria de Manresa, Spain); Calvo Espino P, Guillamot
Ruano P (Hospital Universitario De Mo´ stoles, Spain); Rey-Biel J,
Pingarro´ n-Martin L, Ruiz Martin I and Moliner Sanchez C (Rey
Juan Carlos University Hospital, Spain); Carrasco-Prats M,
Gime´ nez-France´ s C, Ruiz-Marı´n M, Ferna´ ndez-Lo´ pez AJ, Garcı´a-
Escudero D, Garcı´a-Porcel V, Lax-Pe´ rez R, Sa´ nchez-Robles M,
COVIDSurg Collaborative |9
Valero-Soriano M, Medina-Manuel E, Garcı´a-Soria V, Gurrea-
Almela E, Marco-Garrido A, Martı´nez-Alonso JA, Gonza´ lez-
Valverde FM, Ferna´ ndez-Ferna´ ndez PV, Sa´ nchez- Rodrı´guez C
(Hospital General Reina Sofı´a, Spain); Aguilar-Jimenez J, Baeza-
Murcia M, Aguayo-Albasini JL (Morales Meseguer University
Hospital, Murcia, Spain); Nicola´ s-Lo´ pez T, Alconchel F (Hospital
Clı´nico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca),
Spain); Ferna´ ndez Martı´nez D, Solar-Garcia L, Garcı´a Flo´ rez LJ
(Hospital Universitario Central De Asturias (Huca), Spain);
Llaquet Bayo H (Hospital de Palamo´ s-SSIBE, Spain); Pujol-Cano N,
Segura-Sampedro JJ, Soldevila-Verdeguer C, Jeri-McFarlane S, Gil-
Catalan A, Craus-Miguel A, Cruz L, Valente P, Afonso-Garcia M,
Ferrer-Inaebnit E, Oseira-Reigosa A, Fernandez-Vega L,
Villalonga-Ramirez B, Gonzalez Argente FX (Son Espases
University Hospital, Spain); Mora-Guzma´ n I (Hospital Santa
Ba´ rbara, Spain); Landete Molina FJ, Morera Oco´ n FJ, Canelles
Corell E (Hospital General Asociado Universitario de Requena,
Spain); Gavalda` Pellice´ MT, Salinas Pe ~
na JR, Cavalle´ Busquets P
(Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Reus, Spain); Trebol J, Sa´ nchez-
Casado AB, Munoz-Bellvis L (Complejo Asistencial Universitario
De Salamanca, Spain); Pe´ rez-Sa´ nchez LE, Concepcio´ n Martı´n V,
Dı´az Garcı´a A, Vallve-Bernal M (Hospital Universitario Nuestra
Se~
nora De Candelaria, Spain); Calvo Rey A, Prada hervella GM,
Dos Santos Carregal L, Rodriguez Fernandez MI, Freijeiro M, El
Drubi Vega S (Hospital Clinico Universitario De Santiago De
Compostela (Chus), Spain); Picardo AL, Cuadrado-Garcia A,
Serralta de Colsa D, Rojo Lopez JA, Sanchez Cabezudo Noguera F,
Ortega Vazquez I, Garcia-Sancho Tellez L, Mato P, Heras Aznar J
(Infanta Sofia University Hospital, Spain); Jimeno Fraile J,
Morales-Garcia D, Carrillo-Rivas M, Toledo Martı´nez E, Pascual A
`
(Marque´s De Valdecilla University Hospital, Spain); Senent-Boza
A, Sa´ nchez-Arteaga A, Benı´tez-Linero I, Manresa-Manresa F,
Tallo´ n-Aguilar L, Melero-Corte´ s L, Ferna´ ndez-Marı´n MR, Dura´n-
Mu~
noz-Cruzado VM, Ramallo-Solı´s I, Beltra´ n-Miranda P, Pareja-
Ciuro´ F, Anto´ n-Eguı´a BT (Hospital Universitario Virgen Del Rocı´o,
Spain); Oliva Mompean F, Gomez-Rosado J, Reguera-Rosal J,
Valdes-Hernandez J, Capitan-Morales L, del Toro Lopez MD
(Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Spain); Achalandabaso
Boira M, Memba Ikuga R, Abella´n M, Sales R, Olona C, Jorba R
(Hospital Universitari De Tarragona Joan XXIII, Spain);
Hernandez Gutierrez J, Te´ bar Zamora A (Complejo Hospitalario
De Toledo, Spain); Sancho-Muriel J, Cholewa H, Frasson M
(Hospital Universitario Y Polite´cnico La Fe, Spain); Domenech J,
Rosello´A
~
no´ n A, Sangu¨ esa MJ (Hospital Arnau De Vilanova,
Spain); Moro-Valdezate D, Garce´ s-Albir M, Lopez F (Hospital
Clı´nico Universitario de Valencia, Spain); Bernal-Sprekelsen JC,
Catala´ Bauset JC, Renovell Ferrer P, Martı´nez Pe´rez C, Gil-
Albarova O, Gilabert Estelle´s J, Aghababyan K (Consorcio Hospital
General Universitario, Spain); De Andre´ s-Asenjo B, Beltra´n de
Heredia J, Va´ zquez- Ferna
´ ndez A, Ortiz de Solorzano-Aur usa FJ,
Trujillo-Dı´az J, Ruiz-Soriano M, Jezieniecki C, Go´ mez-Sanz T,
Nu´ ~
nez-Del Barrio H, Romero-De Diego A, Garcı´a-Virto V, Aguado
HJ (Hospital Clı´nico Universitario De Valladolid, Spain);
Ferna´ ndez Martı´n MT (Hospital Medina Del Campo, Spain);
Tejero-Pintor FJ, Pe´rez-Saborido B, Choolani Bhojwani E, Acebes
Garcı´a F, Marcos-Santos P, Bueno Ca~
nones AD, Sanchez Gonzalez
J, Toledano M, Bailo´ n M, Pacheco Sa´ nchez D (Hospital
Universitario Rı´o Hortega, Spain); Paniagua Garcia Senorans M,
Sanchez-Santos R (A
´lvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Spain); Vazquez
Melero A, Garcia D, Dı´ez E, Herrero I, Soeda IM, Camuera M,
Balluerca M, Sa´ nchez-Rubio M, Paunero Vazquez P (Hospital
Universitario Araba, Spain); Martinez-German A, Gracia-Roche C,
Gascon-Ferrer I, Duque-Mallen V, De Miguel-Ardevines MDC,
Sanchez-Fuentes N, Santero-Ramirez MS, Matute-Najarro M,
Herrero-Lopez M, Sanchez-Rubio M, Cantalejo-Diaz M, Gonzalez-
Nicolas-Trebol MT, Saudi-Moro S, Jariod-Ferrer UM (Hospital
Universitario Miguel Servet, Spain); Rivas R, Rivas F (Hospital
Clinico Universitario Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain); Escartin J, Blas
Laina JL, Nogue´s A, Cros B, Talal El-Abur I, Garcia Egea J, Yanez C
(Hospital Royo Villanova, Spain); Jayarajah U, Ravindrakumar S,
Rodrigo VSD, Arulanantham A, Bandara GBKD (District General
Hospital Chilaw, Sri Lanka); Hamid HKS, Ali EE, Widatalla ABH,
Bakheit I, Awadelkarim M (Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital,
Sudan); Ali karar AA (Al-Rajhi, Sudan); Saleh M (University of
Gezira Hospital, Sudan); Taflin H (Sahlgrenska University
Hospital, Sweden); Myrelid P, Amorim Braz L (Linko¨ ping
University Hospital, Sweden); Hagander L, Hambraeus M, Omling
E, Salo¨ M (Lund University, Ska˚ ne University Hospital,, Sweden);
Arkani S, Freedman J (Danderyds Hospital, Sweden); Montan C,
Lindqvist EK, Elbe P, Hultgren R (Karolinska University Hospital,
Sweden); A
¨lga˚ A, Nordberg M, Sandblom G (South General
Hospital, Sweden); Rutega˚ rd M, Holmner F, Sund M, Lo¨ fgren N
(Umea˚ University Hospital, Sweden); Tampakis A, Kollmar O, von
Fluee M (Clarunis, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland);
Balaphas A, Toso C, Colucci N, Popeskou SG (Geneva University
Hospitals, Switzerland); Gass M, Scheiwiller A, Metzger J
(Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland); Gialamas E, Chevallay M,
Sauvain M, Dwidar O (Pourtales Neuchatel Hospital,
Switzerland); Kiessling SY, Stoeckli SJ (Kantonsspital St. Gallen,
Switzerland); Mongelli F, Bernasconi M, Di Giuseppe M,
Christoforidis D, La Regina D, Arigoni M (Ente Ospedaliero
Cantonale, Switzerland); Adamina M, Peros G, Guglielmetti L,
Solimene F, Giardini M, Ba¨ chler T, Crugnale AS (Kantonsspital
Winterthur, Switzerland); Gutschow CA, Turina M
(Universita¨ tsspital Zu¨ rich, Switzerland); Ersen O (Ankara
University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey); Onan MA, Kozan R
(Gazi University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey); Erol T, Dincer
HA (Hacettepe University Hospital, Turkey); Yildiz A (Yildirim
Beyazit University Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital,
Turkey); Iflazoglu N, Yalkın O (Bursa City Hospital, Bursa,
Turkey); Isik A (Erzincan University Hospital, Turkey); Ozben V,
Aytac E, Aliyeva Z, Akaydin E, Ozmen BB, Baca B (Acibadem
Atakent Hospital, Turkey); Altinel Y, Calikoglu F, Tokocin M,
Hacim NA, Akbas A, Meric S, Vartanoglu T, Yigitbas H, Ercetin C,
Ercan G (Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Turkey); Ozgur
I, Keskin M (Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul,
Turkey); Saracoglu KT, Cimenoglu B, Demirhan R, Kale A, Simsek
T, Gundogdu EC (Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research
Hospital, Turkey); Abbasov A (Liv Hospital Ulus, Turkey); Tanal
M, Citgez B, Bozkurt E, Yetkin SG, Mihmanli M (University of
Health Sciences Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research
Hospital, Turkey); Alhamed A, Ergun S, Sanli AN, Velidedeoglu M,
OZcelik k MF, Uludag SS, Zengin AK, Cebi S, Demirkiran F, Bese T,
Acikgoz AS, Kayan B, Aykanat Y, Mutlu D (Istanbul University -
Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Turkey); Go¨ ksoy B
(Sehit Prof.Dr. _
Ilhan Varank Training and Research Hospital,
Turkey); Kara Y, Bozkurt MA, Kocatas A (Kanuni Sultan
Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Turkey); O
¨
gu¨cu¨H,
Uslu G, Arican C, Tugmen C, Aydin C, Yesilyurt D, Avci EK,
Kebapc¸ı E, Kilinc G, Sert _
I, Tuncer K, Akalin M, Emiroglu M,
Demirli Atici S, Salimo
glu S, Kaya T, Kirmizi Y (University of
Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital,
Turkey); Tatar OC, Yu¨ ksel E, Gu¨ ler SA, Yildirim A, Utkan NZ,
Go¨ zal K, Ko¨ ken H, Yabas A (Kocaeli University Teaching Hospital,
Turkey); Gonullu E, Altintoprak F, Akin E, Kamburoglu B, Capoglu
R, Kucuk F, Demir H, Cakmak G, Firat N, Celebi F, Kocer B,
10 | BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
Mantoglu B, Bayhan Z, Dikicier E (Sakarya University Faculty of
Medicine, Turkey); Colak E, Kucuk GO (Samsun Training and
Research Hospital, Turkey); Karaman E, KolusabA, Karaaslan O
(Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Medical Faculty, Turkey); Majid I,
Alshryda S (Al Jalila Children’s Speciality Hospital, United Arab
Emirates); Abbas F, Abbas FMA (Dubai Hospital, United Arab
Emirates); Mohammed D, Tahlak MA (Latifa Women and
Children Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates); Yammahi A,
Albaroudi AA, Elyafawi B, Saber A, Khansaheb H, Alsaadi H,
Alzarooni N (Rashid Hospital, United Arab Emirates); Bekheit M,
Kamera BS, Elhusseini M, Sharma P, Ahmeidat A, Gradinariu G,
Cymes W, Hannah A, Mignot G, Shaikh S, Agilinko J (Aberdeen
Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom); Angelou D, Neely D, McCanny
A, McAree B (Antrim Area Hospital, Northern Health and Social
Care Trust, United Kingdom); Baldwin AJ, West R, Gammeri E,
Catton A, Marinos Kouris S (Stoke Mandeville, Wycombe General,
United Kingdom); Pereca J, Singh J (University Hospital Ayr,
United Kingdom); Seymour Z, Jones R, Leeson S, Peevor R, Lala
AK, Houlden C (Ysbyty Gwynedd, United Kingdom); Kahiu J,
Hossain N, Hosny S (Barnet General Hospital, United Kingdom);
Patel P, Handa S, Kaushal M, Kler A, Reghuram V, Tezas S
(Furness General Hospital, United Kingdom); Fairhurst K, Yates C,
Mitchell S, Bunni J, Richards S, George R, Lee SM, Phull J, Frost J,
Burnard S, Crowley R, Airey A (Royal United Hospitals Bath,
United Kingdom); Bevan K, Makin-Taylor R, Ong CS, Callan R,
Bloom O (Bedford Hospital, United Kingdom); Aljanadi F, Moawad
N , Jones M, Gregg A, Jeganathan R (Royal Victoria Hospital,
Belfast, United Kingdom); Pachl M, Martin B (Birmingham
Children’s Hospital, United Kingdom); Archer JE, Odeh A,
Siddaiah N (Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, United Kingdom);
Singhal R, Naumann DN, Karandikar S, Syed A, Tucker ON, Alam
R, Kalkat M (Heartlands Hospital, United Kingdom); Mak JKC,
Kulkarni R, Sharma N, Nankivell P, Tirotta F, Parente A, Breik O,
Kisiel A, Cato LD, Saeed S, Bhangu A, Griffiths E, Pathanki AM,
Ford S, Desai A, Almond M, Kamal M (Queen Elizabeth Hospital
Birmingham, United Kingdom); Sundar S, Leung EYL, Kaur R,
Brett-Miller C, Buruiana FE (Pan-Birmingham Gynaecological
Cancer Centre, United Kingdom); Markose G, De Gea Rico A, Taib
A, Myatt D, Sulaiman Khaled A, Younis F (East Lancashire
Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom); Sultana A, Taggarsi M,
Vitone L, Lambert J, Vaz OP, Sarantitis I, Shrestha D, Timbrell S,
Shugaba A (Royal Blackburn Hospital, United Kingdom); Quddus
B, Law J, Bittar MN, Creanga M, Elniel M, Youssef M, Ali S, Qadri
ST (Blackpool Victoria Hospital, United Kingdom); Brixton
G,Findlay L, Klatte T Majkowska A, Manson J, Potter R (Royal
Bournemouth Hospital, United Kingdom); Oktseloglou V, Mosley
F, De La Cruz Monroy MFI, Bobak P, Omar I, Ahad S, Langlands F,
Brown V, Hashem M (Bradford Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom);
Kennedy L, Jaunoo S, Coomber E, Williams O (Royal Sussex
County Hospital, United Kingdom); Shalaby M, Rhodes HL (Bristol
Royal Hospital for Children, United Kingdom); Williams A,
Ridgway A, Pournaras D, Britton E, Lostis E, Ambler GK, Chu H,
Hopkins J, Manara J, Chan M, Doe M, Moon RDC, Lawday S, Jichi
T, Singleton W (Southmead Hospital, United Kingdom); Main B,
Maccabe T, Newton C, Blencowe NS, Fudulu DP, Bhojwani D,
Baquedano M, Caputo M, Rapetto F, Flannery, O, Hassan A
(University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust,
United Kingdom); Coonar A, Aresu G, Smith C, Gearon D, Hogan J,
Pradeep IS, Durio Yates H, Peryt A, Barrett-Brown ZM, King M,
Ahmadi N, Jenkins D, Moorjani N, Taghavi F, Wells F (Royal
Papworth Hospital, United Kingdom); Hardie J, Page S, Anazor F,
King SD, Luck J, Kazzaz S (Frimley Park, Frimley Health NHS FT,
United Kingdom); Mannion R, Stewart GD, Ramzi J, Mohan M,
Singh AA, Ashcroft J, Baker OJ, Coughlin P, Davies RJ, Durst AZED,
Abood A, Habeeb A, Hudson VE, Kolias A, Lamb B, Luke L,
Mitrasinovic S, Murphy S, Ngu AWT, O’Neill JR, Waseem S, Wong
K, Georgiades F, Hutchinson PJ, Tan XS, Pushpa-rajah J,
Colquhoun A, Masterson L, Abu-Nayla I, Walker C, Balakrishnan
A, Rooney S, Irune E, Byrne MHV, Durrani A (Addenbrooke’s
Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust,
United Kingdom); Simoes A, Eddy B, Streeter E, Ahmed I, Yao M,
Wang W, Djouani A, Tait-Bailey J, Thomas M, Hassan F, Kommu
S (Kent and Canterbury Hospital, United Kingdom); Chopra S
(University Hospital Llandough, United Kingdom); Richards T,
Sethuraman Venkatesan A, Combellack T, Williams J, Tahhan G,
Mohammed M, Kornaszewska M, Valtzoglou V, Deglurkar I,
Rahman M, Von Oppell U, Mehta D, Koutentakis M, Syed Nong
Chek SAH, Hill G, Morris C, Shinkwin M, Torkington J, Cornish J
(University Hospital of Wales, United Kingdom); Houston R,
Mannan S, Ayeni F, Tustin H, Bordenave M, Robson A
(Cumberland Infirmary, United Kingdom); Dovell G, Preece R,
Rolland P (Cheltenham General Hospital, United Kingdom);
Miranda BH (St Andrew’s Centre for Plastic Surgery and Burns,
Chelmsford, United Kingdom); Sobti A, Khaleel A, Unnithan A,
Memon K, Pala Bhaskar RR, Maqboul F, Kamel F, Al-Samaraee A,
Madani R, Kumar L, Nisar P, Agrawal S (Ashford and St Peter’s
Hospital, United Kingdom); Vimalachandran D, Manu N, Eardley
N, Krishnan E, Serevina OL, Martin E, Smith C, Jones A, Roy
Mahapatra S, Clifford R (Countess of Chester Hospital, United
Kingdom); Jones GP, Gardner A, Tripathi SS, Greenhalgh MS
(Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United
Kingdom); Matthews W, Mohankumar K, Khawaja I, Palepa A,
Doulias T (Colchester University Hospital, United Kingdom); Gill
C, Dunne N, Sarma DR, Godbole C, Carlos W, Tewari N, Jeevan D,
Naredla P, Khajuria A, Connolly H, Robertson S, Sweeney C, Di
Taranto G, Shanbhag S, Dickson K, McEvoy K, Skillman J, Sait M,
Al-omishy H, Baig M, Heer B (University Hospitals Coventry and
Warwickshire NHS Trusts, United Kingdom); Brown A (Darlington
Memorial Hospital, United Kingdom); Ebrahim A, Alwadiya A,
Goyal A, Phillips A, Bhalla A, Demetriou C, Grimley E,
Theophilidou E, Ogden E, Malcolm FL, Davies-Jones G, Ng JCK,
Mirza M, Hassan M, Elmaleh N, Daliya P, Williams S, Bateman A,
Chia Z (Royal Derby Hospital, United Kingdom); Premakumar Y,
Jauhari Y, Koshnow Z, Bowen D, Uberai A, Hirri F, Stubbs BM
(Dorset County Hospital, United Kingdom); Crichton R, Sonksen J,
Aldridge K (Russell’s Hall Hospital, Dudley, United Kingdom);
McDonald C, Manickavasagam J, Ragupathy K, Davison S,
Dalgleish S, McGrath N, Kanitkar R, Payne CJ, Ramsay L
(Ninewells Hospital, United Kingdom); Ng CE, Collier T, Khan K,
Evans R (University Hospital North Durham, United Kingdom);
Brennan C, Henshall DE, Drake T, Harrison EM, Zamvar V,
Tambyraja A, Skipworth RJE, Linder G, McGregor R, Brennan P,
Mayes J, Ross L, Smith S, White T, Jamjoom AAB, Pasricha R
(Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, United Kingdom); Gallagher K,
Swan R, Paterson H, Maeda Y, Kwok AMF, Tsiaousidou A,
Vaughan-Shaw PG, Boyle C, Fernando D, Tham D, Leung S, Laird
A (Western General Hospital, United Kingdom); Holme T, Abbott
S, Razik A, Thrumurthy S, Steinke J, Baker M, Howden D, Baxter
Z, Osagie L, Bence M (Epsom & St Helier University Hospitals NHS
Trust, United Kingdom); Fowler GE, Massey L, Rajaretnam N,
Evans J, John J, Goubran A, Campain N, McDermott FD, McGrath
JS, Ng M, Pascoe J, Phillips JRA, Daniels IR (Royal Devon and
Exeter Hospital, United Kingdom); A’Court J, Konarski A, Faulkner
G (Royal Bolton Hospital, United Kingdom); Emerson H, Vejsbjerg
K, Pearce L, McCormick W, Fisher A, Singisetti K, Aawsaj Y, Barry
C (Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom);
COVIDSurg Collaborative |11
Bajomo O, Rizvi S, Grimes C, Dusu K, Tint PY (Medway Hospital,
United Kingdom); Kirk A, Irvine V (Golden Jubilee National
Hospital, United Kingdom); Lammy S, O’Kane R (Royal Hospital
for Sick Children, United Kingdom); Elliott L, Mccabe G, Holroyd
D, Jamieson NB (Glasgow Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom);
Geddes A, McMahon J, McCaul J, Al-Azzawi M, Aitken E, Glen P,
Sinan LOH, Lammy S, Grivas A, Tilling EJ (Queen Elizabeth
University Hospital, United Kingdom); Brown O, Boal M, Dean H,
Higgs S, Stanger S, Abdalaziz H, Constable J, Ishii H, Preece R,
Dovell G, Gopi reddy R (Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, United
Kingdom); Madhuri TK, Tailor A, Flavin M, Walker D, Humphries
S, Assalaarachchi H (Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, United
Kingdom); Curl-Roper T, Westwood E, Delimpalta C, Liao CCL,
Velchuru V (James Paget University NHS Foundation Trust
Hospital, United Kingdom); Raptis DA, Pollok JM, Machairas N,
Davidson B, Fusai G, Soggiu F, Xyda S, Hidalgo Salinas C,
Tzerbinis H, Pissanou T, Gilliland J, Chowdhury S, Varcada M,
Hart C, Mirnezami R, Knowles J, Angamuthu N (Royal Free
Hospital, United Kingdom); Vijay V, Shakir T, Hasan R, Tansey R
(Princess Alexandra Hospital, Harlow, United Kingdom); Hardie C,
Powell-Smith E (Harrogate District Hospital, United Kingdom);
Kashora F, Siddique MH, Singh A, Barmpagianni C, Basgaran A,
Basha A, Okechukwu V, Bartsch A, Gallagher P, Maqsood A,
Sahnan K, Leo CA, Lewis SE, Ubhi HK, Exley R, Khan U, Shah P,
Saxena S, Zafar N, Abdul-Jabar H (Northwick Park Hospital,
United Kingdom); Patel M, Shabana A, Alanbuki A, Usman O
(Brighton and Sussex NHS Trust, Princess Royal Hospital, United
Kingdom); Ong CT, Butterworth W, Budha Magar O, El Hadi M,
Abas S, Annett J (Hereford County Hospital, United Kingdom);
Ross E, Loubani M, Wilkins A, Cao H, Capitelli-McMahon H,
Hitchman L, Ikram H, Andronic A, Aboelkassem Ibrahim A, Totty
J (Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United
Kingdom); Blanco J, Vanker R, Ghobrial M, Jones G, Kanthasamy
S, Fawi H, Awadallah M, Chen F, Cheung J (Hinchingbrooke
Hospital, United Kingdom); Moscalu A, Bhuvanakrishna T, Bibby
L, Sinclair M (Ipswich Hospital, United Kingdom); Nahid MAK,
Williams L, Basnyat PS, Shrestha AK (William Harvey Hospital,
United Kingdom); Kumaran NK, Sambhwani S, Sheikh NA, Taylor
OM (Kettering General Hospital, United Kingdom); Liew I, Al-
Sukaini A, Mediratta S, Saxena D (Queen Elizabeth Hospital
King’s Lynn, United Kingdom); Sgro` A, Rashid MM, Milne K,
McIntyre J, Akhtar MA, Turnbull A, Brunt A, Stewart KE (Victoria
Hospital Kirkcaldy, United Kingdom); Wilson MSJ, Rutherford D,
McGivern K, Massie E (Forth Valley Royal Hospital, United
Kingdom); Ho M, Wade RG, Johnstone J, Bourke G, Brunelli A,
Elkadi H, Otify M, Pompili C, Burke JR, Bagouri E, Chowdhury M,
Abual-Rub Z, Kaufmann A, Munot S, Lo T, Young A, Kowal M,
Wall J, Peckham-Cooper A (The Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS
Trust , United Kingdom); Layton GR, Karki B, Jeong H, Pankhania
S, Asher S, Folorunso A, Mistry S, Singh B, Winyard J, Mangwani J
(Leicester General Hospital, United Kingdom); Caruana EJ,
Mohammad A, Acharya M, Chandarana K, Ang K, Chowdhry MF,
Rathinam S, Nakas A (Glenfield Hospital, United Kingdom);
Boddy A, Hossain T, Ashmore C, Annamalai S, Kourdouli A, Irvine
E, Al-Harbawi A, Kassam K, Al-Harbawee A, Miller A,Mair M
(Leicester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom); Lunevicius R, Sheel
ARG, Sundhu M, Santini AJA, Fathelbab MSAT, Hussein KMA,
Nunes QM, Jones RP, Shahzad K, Haq I, Baig MMAS, Hughes JL,
Kattakayam A, Rajput K, Misra N, Shah SB, Clynch AL,
Georgopoulou N, Sharples HM, Apampa AA, Nzenwa IC, Sud A
(Aintree Hospital, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation
Trust, United Kingdom); Harky A, Kirmani BH, Shackcloth M
(Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, United Kingdom); Jenkinson
MD, Zakaria R, Elmoslemany T, Millward CP (The Walton Centre
NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom); Baron R, Dunne D,
Szatmary P, Thomas A, McNicol F, Gahunia S, Sochorova D, Nita
GE, McKinney R, Russ J, Tan JR (Royal Liverpool University
Hospital, United Kingdom); Harwood R, Corbett H J (Alder Hey In
The Park, United Kingdom); Rossborough C, Skelly BL
(Altnagelvin Area Hospital, United Kingdom); Che Bakri NA,
Nazarian S, Vashisht R, Jiao L, Jawad Z (BUPA Cromwell Hospital,
United Kingdom); Allan AY, Kontovounisios C, Grove T, Warren
O, Fadel MG (Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, United
Kingdom); Chatzikonstantinou M, Sorelli P, Rahman S,
Hadjipavlou M (Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, United
Kingdom); Holbrook C, Chong C, Kufeji D (Evelina London
Children’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom); Rufai SR, Lloyd IC,
James G, Chari A, Silva AHD (Great Ormond Street Hospital for
Children, United Kingdom); Stroman L, Challacombe B,Sayasneh
A, Najdy M, Bille` A, Fraser S, Agoston P, Rizzo V, King J, Nath R,
McCrindle Sarah, Mehra G, Harrison-Phipps K, Pilling J, Okiror L,
Routledge T, Mills L, Wali A, El-Boghdadly K (Guy’s Hospital,
United Kingdom); Fotopoulou C, Saso S, Fehervari M, Ploski J,
Ghaem-Maghami S, Spalding D, Rajagopal P, Pai M, Habib N,
Jawad Z, Hamrang-Yousefi S, Jiao L (Hammersmith Hospital,
United Kingdom); Tayeh S, Chase T, Humphreys L, Ayorinde J,
Ghanbari A, Cuming T (Homerton University Hospital, United
Kingdom); Anscomb N, Baldwin-Smith R, Rizk M, Grainger C,
Davies M, A Surendran, Nunoo-Mensah JW (King’s College
Hospital, United Kingdom); Dunstan M, Beak P, Gerogiannis I
(Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom); Jain
A, Menon A, Pramodana B, Choi D, Marcus HJ, Webber L, May R,
Hutchison R, Luoma V (The National Hospital for Neurology and
Neurosurgery, United Kingdom); Ranjit S, Parakh J, Sarodaya V,
Daadipour A, Khalifa M (Newham University Hospital, United
Kingdom); Bosch KD, Bashkirova V, Dvorkin LS, Kalidindi VK
(North Middlesex University Hospital, London, United Kingdom);
Dudek J, Singhal T, El-Hasani S (Princess Royal University
Hospital, United Kingdom); De Souza A, Cannoletta M, Rochon M,
Bhudia S (Royal Bromtpon Hospital, London, United Kingdom);
Bennett S, Navaratne L, Venn M, Yip V, Kayani B, Sohrabi C,
Kocher HM, Minicozzi A, Banerjee A, Sullivan T, Sivaprakasam R,
Anzak A, Ghufoor K, Thaha MA, Knowles C, Ledesma FS, Patki P,
Popova D, Sadigh P, Ramamoorthy R, Uff C, Attwell L, Tanabalan
C, Goh MA, Jayasinghe JD, Leal Silva I, Thakur B, Lebe M, Thet MS,
Hughes F, Rahman R, Fuwa O (Royal London Hospital, United
Kingdom); Sanders J, Oo A, Bueser T, Curtis M, Stamenkovic SA
(Cardiac Unit, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, United Kingdom);
Abbott T, Anwar S, Sohrabi C (St Bartholomew’s Hospital, United
Kingdom); Williams K, Chung E, Hagger R, Karim A, Hainsworth
A, Flatman M, Trompeter A, Hing C, Brown O, Tsinaslanidis P,
Benjamin MW, Leyte A, Tan C, Smelt J, Vaughan P,
Santhirakumaran G, Hunt I, Raza M, A Labib (St George’s
Hospital, United Kingdom); Luo X, Sudarsanam A, Rolls A, Lyons
O, Onida S, Shalhoub J, Sugand K, Park C, Sarraf KM, Erridge S,
Kinross J, Denning M, Yalamanchili S, Abuown A, Ibrahim M,
Martin G (St Mary’s Hospital, United Kingdom); Davenport D,
Wheatstone S (St Thomas’ Hospital, United Kingdom);
Kasivisvanathan V, Kapriniotis K, Elhamshary A, Imam SMB
(University College London Hospital At Westmoreland Street,
United Kingdom); Kalavrezos N, Sinha D, Chand M Green L, Beech
N, McEwen R, Kiconco H (University College London Hospital,
United Kingdom); Andreani SM, Bath MF, Sahni A, Judkins N,
Rigueros Springford L, Sohrabi C, Bacarese-Hamilton J, Taylor FG,
Patki P, Tanabalan C (Whipps Cross University Hospital, United
Kingdom); Parmar C, Mccluney S, Shah S (The Whittington
12 | BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
Hospital, United Kingdom); Talwar R, Patel K, Askari A,
Jambulingam P S, Shaw S, Maity A, Hatzantonis C, Sagar J,
Kudchadkar S, Cirocchi N, Chan CH (Luton and Dunstable
University Hospital, United Kingdom); Reynolds J, Alexander ME,
Smart CJ (Macclesfield District General Hospital, United
Kingdom); Jayasankar B, Balasubramaniam D, Abdelsaid K,
Mundkur N, Gallagher B (Tunbridge Wells Hospital, United
Kingdom); Shah J, Anthoney J, Emmerson O (North Manchester
General Hospital, United Kingdom); Stylianides N, Abdalla M,
Newton K, Bhatia K, Edmondson R, Abdeh L, Jones D, Zeiton M,
Ismail O, Naseem H, Advani R (Manchester Royal Infirmary,
United Kingdom); Duff S, Moura F, Brown BC, Khan A, Asaad P,
Wadham B, Aneke IA, Collis J, Warburton H (Wythenshawe
Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, United
Kingdom); Fell A, Smith A, Halkias C, Evans J, Nikolaou S, English
C, Kristinsson S, Oni T, Ilahi N, Ballantyne K, Woodward Z, Merh
R (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Hospital Margate, United
Kingdom); Dunning J, Viswanath Y, Freystaetter K, Dixon J,
Hadfield JN, Hilley A, Egglestone A, Smith B (James Cook
University Hospital, United Kingdom); Hine T, Keeler B, Soulsby
RE, Taylor A (Milton Keynes University Hospital, United
Kingdom); Davies E, Ryska O, Raymond T, Rogers S, Tong A,
Hawkin P (Royal Lancaster Infirmary, United Kingdom); Tingle S,
Abbadessa F, Sachdeva A, Rai B, Chan CD, McPherson I, Booth K,
Mahmoud Ali F, Pandanaboyana S, Grainger T, Nandhra S,
Patience A, Rogers A, Roy C, Williams T, Dawe N, McCaffer C,
Riches J, Bhattacharya S, Moir J, Kalson NS, Elamin Ahmed H,
Mellor C, Saleh C, Koshy RM, Hammond J, Sanderson L, Wahed S,
Phillips AW, Ghosh K (Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust, United Kingdom); Tang A, Beamish AJ, Price C,
Bosanquet D, Magowan D, Solari F, Williams G, Nassa H, Smith L
(Royal Gwent Hospital, United Kingdom); Robertson-Smith B,
Mahmoud A, Ameerally P, Finch JG, Gnanachandran C, Pop I,
Rogers M, Yousef Y, Mohamed I, Woods R, Zahid H, Mundy G
(Northampton General Hospital, United Kingdom); Youssef M,
Sreedharan L, Baskaran D, Shaikh I, Seebah K, Reid J, Watts D,
Kouritas V, Chrastek D, Maryan G, Gill DF, Khatun F (Norfolk and
Norwich University Hospital, United Kingdom); Gajjar K,
Williamson K, Bratt D, Konstantinidi K, Walton T, Burnside N,
Weaver H, Hawari M, Addae-Boateng E, Rollett RA, Collins ML,
Tamimy MS, Riyat H, Wen J, Neil-Dwyer J (Nottingham City
Hospital, United Kingdom); Brewer H, Humes D, Worku D,
Chowdhury A, Oyende O, Lewis-Lloyd C, Adiamah A, Koh A,
Jackman J, Vohra R, Navarro A, Reilly J (Queens Medical Centre,
United Kingdom); Aujayeb A, Townshend D, McLarty N, Shenfine
A, Jackson K, Johnson C (Northumbria NHS Hospital Trust,
United Kingdom); Dass D, Ford D (Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt
Orthopaedic Hospital, United Kingdom); Winter SC, Belcher E,
Stavroulias D, Di Chiara F, Wallwork K, Qureishi A, Lami M,
Sravanam S, Mastoridis S, Shah K, Chidambaram S, Smillie R,
Shaw AV, Bandyopadhyay S, Cernei C, Bretherton C, Jeyaretna D,
Ganau M, Piper RJ, Duck E, Brown S, Jelley C, Tucker SC, Bond-
Smith G, Griffin XL, Tebala GD, Neal N, Vatish M, Noton TM,
Ghattaura H, Maher M, Fu H, Risk OBF, Soleymani majd H, Sinha
S, Shankar S, Aggarwal A, Khatkar H, Lakhoo K, Verberne C,
Mastoridis S (Oxford University NHS Foundation Trust, United
Kingdom); Dean B, Luney C, Myatt R, Williams MA, McVeigh J
(Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, United Kingdom); Rogers LJ, Labib
PL, Miller D, Minto G, Hope N, Marchbank A, Emslie K, Panahi P,
Ho B, Perkins C, Clough E, Roy H, Enemosah I, Campbell R, Natale
J, Gohil K, Rela M, Raza N, (Derriford Hospital, United Kingdom);
Biliatis I (Poole Hospital, United Kingdom); Khan J,
Thiruchandran G, Toh SKC, Ahmad Y, Allana A, Bellis C,
Babawale O, Phan YC, Lokman U, Ismail M, Koc T, Witek A,
Duggleby L, Shamoon S, Stefan S, Clancy H (Queen Alexandra
Hospital, United Kingdom); Chadha R, Middleton SB, Wilmott K,
Hayden C, Mclaren C, Sutton J, Whyte A (Royal Berkshire
Hospital, United Kingdom); Belgaumkar A, Day A, Gilbert C,
Oyewole B, Narayan P, Dent H, Sandhya A, De Silva T, Waheed S
(Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, United Kingdom); Day
A, Kapoor K, Belgaumkar AP, Narayan P, Fahim M, (East Surrey
Hospital, United Kingdom); Gala T, Mithany R, Morgan R,
Abdelkarim M, Ibrahim S, Maw A, Asqalan A, Sundaram
Venkatesan G (Glan Clwyd Hospital, United Kingdom); Singh S,
Mukherjee S, Ferguson D, Smith C, Mansuri A, Thakrar A,
Wickramarachchi L, Cuthbert R, Sivayoganathan S, Chui K,
Karam E, Dott C, Shankar S (Queen’s Hospital Romford, United
Kingdom); Madhvani K, Hampton M, Hormis AP (Rotherham
District General Hospital, United Kingdom); Thomas M, Pearce L,
Fountain DM, Laurente R, Sigamoney KV, Dasa M, George K,
Naqui Z, Galhoum M, Lipede C, Gabr A, Radhakrishnan A, Hasan
MT, Kalenderov R, Pathmanaban O, Colombo F, Chelva R (Salford
Royal NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom); Branagan G,
Longstaff L, Ding D, Barlow C, Foster J (Salisbury NHS Foundation
Trust, United Kingdom); Edwards J, Ward A, Tadross D,
Majkowski L, Blundell C, Forlani S, Nair R, Guha S, Brown SR,
Steele C, Kelty CJ, Newman T, Lee M, Chetty G, Lye G,
Balasubramanian SP, Sureshkumar Shah N, Sherif M, Al-mukh-
tar A, Whitehall E, Giblin A, Wells F, Sharkey A, Adamec A,
Madan S (Sheffield Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust,
United Kingdom); Narice B, Sterrenburg M, Thompson A, Varley I,
Stavrakas M, Rominiyi O, Ray J, Adamec A, Crank M, Bacon A, Al-
Tamimi Y, Catto J, Saad S, Abd Kahar NN, Sinha S (Royal
Hallamshire Hospital, United Kingdom); Sou A, Simpson D,
Hamilton E, Blair J (Shrewsbury and Telford Hospitals, United
Kingdom); Jallad S, Lord J, Anderson C, El Kafsi J, Logishetty K,
Saadya A, Midha R, Ip M, Subbiah Ponniah H, Stockdale T,
Bacarese-Hamilton T, Foster L, James A, Anjarwalla N, Marujo
Henriques D, Hettige R, Baban C, Tenovici A, Salerno G (Wexham
Park, Frimley Health NHS FT, United Kingdom); Singh R, Lane J,
Colvin HV, Badran A, Cadersa A, Williams S, Cumpstey A,
Hamady Z, Aftab R, Wensley F, Byrne J, Morrison-Jones V, Sekhon
GK, Shields H, Shakoor Z, Yener A, Talbot T, Khan A, Alzetani A,
Cresner R (Southampton General Hospital, United Kingdom);
Babu BHB, Liyanage ASD, Newman S, Blake I, Weerasinghe C
(Southport and Formby District General Hospital, United
Kingdom); Baumber R, Parry J (Royal National Orthopaedic
Hospital, United Kingdom); Menakaya C, Webb JI, Antar M, Modi
N, Sofat R, Noel J, Nunn R, Adegbola S, Eriberto F, Sharma V,
Tanna R, Lodhia S (East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust,
Lister Hospital, United Kingdom); Johnson D, Hughes I, Hall J,
Rooney J, Chatterji S, Zhang Y, Owen R, Rudic M, Hunt J (Stepping
Hill Hospital, United Kingdom); Zakai D, Thomas M, Aladeojebi A,
Ali M, Gaunt A, Barmayehvar B, Kitchen M, Gowda M, Mansour F,
Jarvis M, Halliday E, Lefroy R, Nanjaiah P, Ali S, Kitchen M (Royal
Stoke University Hospital, United Kingdom); Lin DJ, Rajgor AD,
Scurrah RJ, Kang C, Watson LJ, Harris G, Royle T, Cunningham Y,
James G, Steel B, Luk ACO (Sunderland Royal Hospital, United
Kingdom); Boulton AJ, Khan T, Bakolas G, Ahmed I (Good Hope
Hospital, United Kingdom); Herrod P, Gemmill E, Boyd-Carson H,
Jibreel M, Lenzi E, Saafan T, Sapre D (King’s Mill Hospital, United
Kingdom); Li Z, Parkins K, Spencer N, Harries R, Egan RJ, Motter
D, Jenvey C, Mahoney R, Fine N, Minto T, Henry A (Morriston
Hospital Swansea, United Kingdom); Hollyman M, Grieco C,
Gemmell C (Musgrove Park Hospital, United Kingdom); Whitmore
H, Babar MS, Goodrum S, Scott R, Collard B, Lau K, Thomas E,
COVIDSurg Collaborative |13
Patel A, Allison J, Bowen J (Torbay and South Devon NHS Trust,
United Kingdom); Dias A, Mahendran B, Gopalswamy S (Royal
Cornwall Hospital, Truro, United Kingdom); Patil S, Scott L,
Sarveswaran J, Michel M, Ravindran S (Pinderfields Hospital,
United Kingdom); Subba K, Abou-Foul AK, Khalefa M, Hossain F,
Moores T, Pickering L (Walsall Manor Hospital NHS Trust, United
Kingdom); Stables G, Doorgakant A, Thiruvasagam VG, Carter J,
Reid S, Mohammed R, Marlow W (Warrington & Halton Teaching
Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom); Ferguson H, Wilkin R,
Konstantinou C, Yershov D, Vatish J, Denning A (South
Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom); Shah HB,
Cross GWV, Seyed-Safi P, Smart YW, Kuc A, Al-Yaseen M
(Watford General Hospital, United Kingdom); Olivier J, Hanna M,
Eskander P, Duncan R, Halaseh S (Weston General Hospital,
United Kingdom); Das R (Hampshire Hospitals NHS Trust, United
Kingdom); Wynn Jones H, Divecha H, Whelton C, Board T
(Wrightington, Wigan & Leigh NHS Foundation Trust, United
Kingdom); Powell S, Magee C, Agarwal K, Mangos E, Nambirajan
T (Wirral University Teaching Hospital, United Kingdom); Vidya
R, Chauhan G, Kaur J, Burahee A, Bleibleh S, Pigadas N, Snee D,
Bhasin S, Crichton A, Habeebullah A, Bodla AS, Yassin N,
Mondragon M, Dewan V (Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust,
United Kingdom); Flindall I, Mahendran V, Hanson A
(Worcestershire Royal Hospital, United Kingdom); Jenner E,
Richards J,Thomas-Fernandez K, Wall R (Worcestershire Acute
Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom); Alqallaf A, Ben-Sassi A,
Mohamed I, Mellor K, Joshi P, Joshi Y (Wrexham Maelor Hospital,
United Kingdom); Young R, Miu V, Sheridan K, MacDonald L,
Green S, Onos L (York Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, United
Kingdom); Wong JJ, Napolitano L, Hemmila M (Michigan
Medicine, United States); Amin D, Abramowicz S, Roser SM
(Emory University, United States); Olson KA, Riley C, Heron C,
Cardenas T, Leede E, Thornhill M, Haynes AB, McElhinney K,
Roward S, Trust MD, Hill CE, Teixeira PG (Dell Seton Medical
Center at the University of Texas at Austin, United States); Etchill
E, Stevens K, Ladd MR, Long C, Rose J, Kent A, Yesantharao P,
Vervoort D, Jenny H, Gabre-Kidan A, Margalit A, Tsai L, Malapati
H, Yesantharao L (Johns Hopkins Hospital, United States); Abdou
H, Diaz J, Richmond M, Clark J, O’Meara L, Hanna N (University of
Maryland Medical Center, United States); Ying Y, Fleming J,
Ovaitt A, Gigliotti J, Fuson A (University of Alabama Birmingham,
United States); Cooper Z, Salim A, Hirji SA, Brown A, Chung C,
Hansen L, Okafor BU, Roxo V, Raut CP, Jolissaint JS, Mahvi DA
(Brigham and Women’s Hospital, United States); Kaafarani H,
Breen K, Bankhead-Kendall B, Alser O, Mashbari H, Velmahos G,
Maurer LR, El Moheb M, Gaitanidis A, Naar L, Christensen MA,
Kapoen C, Langeveld K, El Hechi M, Mokhtari A (Massachusetts
General Hospital, United States); Haqqani MH, Drake FT (Boston
Medical Center, United States); Goldenberg-Sandau A, Galbreath
B (Cooper University Hospital, United States); Reinke C, Ross S,
Thompson K, Manning D, Perkins, R (Atrium Health Carolinas
Medical Center, United States); Eriksson E, Evans H (Medical
University of South Carolina, United States); Masrur M,
Giulianotti P, Benedetti E (University of Illinois at Chicago,
Chicago, IL, United States); Chang G, Ourieff J, Dehart D (Mount
Sinai Hospital, United States); Dorafshar A, Price T, Bhama AR,
Torquati A, Cherullo E, Kennedy R, Myers J (Rush University
Medical Centre, United States); Rubin K (University Hospitals of
Cleveland, United States); Ban VS, Aoun SG, Batjer HH, Caruso J
(University of Texas Southwestern, United States); Carmichael H,
Velopulos CG, Wright FL, Urban S, McIntyre Jr RC, Schroeppel TJ,
Hennessy EA, Dunn J, Zier L (University of Colorado Hospital/
Memorial Hospital/Medical Center of the Rockies, United States);
Burlew C, Coleman J (Denver Health, United States); Colling KP
(Saint Mary’s Medical Center-Essentia Health, United States);
Hall B, Rice HE, Hwang ES, Olson SA, Moris D (Duke University
Medical Center, United States); Verma R, Hassan R (Nassau
University Medical Center, United States); Volpe A, Merola, S
(NewYork Presbyterian Queens, Flushing, United States);
O’Banion LA, Lilienstein J, Dirks R (University of California San
Francisco-Fresno, United States); Marwan H, Almasri M, Kulkarni
G, Mehdi M, Abouassi A, Abdallah M, San Andre´s M, Eid J,
Aigbivbalu E, Sundaresan J, George B (University of Texas Medical
Branch, United States); Ssentongo A, Ssentongo P, Oh JS,
Hazelton J, Maines J, Gusani N, Garner M, Horvath S
(Pennsylvania State University, United States); Zheng F (Houston
Methodist Hospital, United States); Ujiki M (Northshore
University Healthsystem, United States); Kinnaman G, Meagher
A, Sharma I, Holler E (Iu Health Methodist Hospital, United
States); McKenzie K, Chan J, Fretwell K, Nugent III W, Khalil A,
Chen D, Post N, Rostkowski T, Brahmbhatt D (Jamaica Hospital,
United States); Huynh K, Hibbard ML (Kaiser Permanente West
Los Angeles, United States); Schellenberg M (LacþUsc Medical
Center, United States); Martin RCG, Bhutiani N (University of
Louisville Hospital and Norton Hospital, Louisville, United
States); Giorgakis E, Laryea J, Bhavaraju A, Sexton K, Roberts M,
Kost M, Kimbrough M, Burdine L, Kalkwarf K, Robertson R
(University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, United States);
Gosain A, Camp L, Lewit R (Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital,
United States); Kronenfeld JP, Urrechaga E, Goel N, Rattan R, Hart
V, Allen M, Gilna G (Jackson Memorial Hospital, United States);
Cioci A, Ruiz G, Allen M, Rakoczy K, Pavlis W, Saberi R (University
of Miami Hospital, United States); Morris R, Karam BS (Froedtert
Hospital, United States); Brathwaite CEM, Liu H, Petrone P, Hakmi
H, Sohail AH, Baltazar G, Heckburn R (NYU Langone Health-NYU
Winthrop Hospital, United States); Nygaard RM, Colonna ET,
Endorf FW, Hill MJ (Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, United
States); Maiga A, Dennis B, Levin JH, Lallemand M (Vanderbilt
University Medical Center, United States); Choron R, Peck G,
Soliman F, Rehman S (Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital,
United States); Glass N, Juthani B, Deisher D (The University
Hospital, United States); Ruzgar NM, Ullrich SJ, Sion M (Yale New
Haven Hospital, United States); Paranjape C, El Moheb M, Kar AR
(Newton Wellesley Hospital, United States); Gillezeau C, Rapp J,
Taioli E, Miles BA, Alpert N (Mount Sinai Hospital, United States);
Podolsky D, Coleman NL, Callahan MP (NewYork-Presbyterian /
Columbia University Medical Center, United States); Ganly I,
Brown L (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, United States);
Monson JRT (AdventHealth Orlando, Orlando, United States);
Dehal A (Kaiser Permanente Panorama City Medical Center,
United States); Abbas A, Soliman A, Kim B, Jones C, Dauer, MD E,
Renza-Stingone E, Hernandez E, Gokcen E, Kropf E, Sufrin H,
Hirsch H, Ross H, Engel J, Sewards J, Diaz J, Poggio J, Sanserino K,
Rae L, Philp M, Metro M, McNelis P, Petrov R, Rehman S, Pazionis
T (Temple University Hospital, United States); Till B, Lamm R,
Rios-Diaz AJ, Palazzo F (Thomas Jefferson University Hospital,
United States); Rosengart M, Nicholson K (University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center, United States); Carrick MM, Rodkey K
(Medical City Plano, United States); Suri A, Callcut R (UC Davis
Medical Center, United States); Nicholson S, Talathoti N (UT
Health San Antonio (UTHSA), University Hospital (UHS), San
Antonio, United States); Klaristenfeld D (Kaiser Permanente San
Diego Medical Center, United States); Biffl W, Marsh C, Schaffer K
(Scripps Memorial Hospital, United States); Berndtson AE,
Averbach S, Curry T (University of California San Diego, United
States); Kwan-Feinberg R, Consorti E, Gonzalez R, Grolman R, Liu
14 | BJS Open, 2022, Vol. 00, No. 0
T, Merzlikin O (Alta Bates Summit Medical Center (Sutter Health),
United States); Abel MK, Ozgediz D, Boeck M, Kornblith LZ,
Nunez-Garcia B, Robinson B, Park P (University of California San
Francisco (UCSF), United States); Utria AF, Rice-Townsend SE,
Javid P, Hauptman J, Kieran K (Seattle Children’s Hospital, United
States); Nehra D, Walters A, Cuschieri J, Davidson GH
(Harborview Medical Center, United States); Nunez J, Cosker R
(University of Utah Healthcare, Salt Lake City, United States);
Eckhouse S (Washington University School of Medicine, United
States); Choudhry A, Marx W (Suny Upstate University Hospital,
United States); Jamil T, Seegert S, Al-Embideen S (ProMedica
Toledo Hospital, United States); Quintana M, Jackson H (The
George Washington University Hospital, United States); Wexner
SD, Kent I (Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, United States);
Martins PN (University of Massachusetts, UMass Memorial
Hospital, United States); Alshehari M, Al-Naggar H, Alsayadi M,
Alyazidi M, Shream S, Alhaddad W, Maqus A, Abu Hamra’a
M,Alsayadi R, Ghannam R, Al-Maqtari S, Masdoos S, Al-Harazi Y,
Bajjah H (Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital, Yemen); Al-ameri
S, Aldawbali M (Royal Hospital, Yemen); Gwini GP (Mpilo Central
Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe); Mazingi D (Parirenyatwa hospi-
tal, Harare, Zimbabwe).
Funding
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health
Research Unit grant (NIHR 16.136.79) using UK aid from the UK
government to support global health research, Association of
Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel & Cancer
Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of
Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical
Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European
Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, The
Urology Foundation, Vascular Society for Great Britain and
Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research. The views expressed are
those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National
Health Service, NIHR, or UK Department of Health and Social
Care.
Disclosure. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Supplementary material
Supplementary material is available at BJS Open online.
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