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Nineteenth-century Jewish portrait albums
Abstract
The portrait albums of nineteenth-century bourgeois Jews, which reified their social world, provided a space in which women exerted their agency and forged new identities, in national and cosmopolitan environments, beyond the family.
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This article is a study of the family photo album of Elisabeth Leitner (ca. 1842?–1908), a Hungarian immigrant in the Ottoman empire. The album contains a complete set of cartes de visite portraits of the Ottoman sultans by the Abdullah Frères. As the only surviving example of such a collection with a known provenance, it provides a rare opportunity for understanding how such images were used in the context of identity formation and social mobility undertaken by a member of the immigrant population. The album, which has never been studied before, is also a fascinating source for investigating the history of Hungarian immigrants in the Ottoman empire who were displaced after the 1848 Revolution. The article approaches the intriguingly autobiographical album by means of a close reading of Elisabeth Leitner’s diaries and unfinished autobiography. My interpretation serves to dismantle notions of a carefree global cosmopolitanism and exposes a historiographical bias that privileges men and their collections of images and ethnographic artifacts over those of women. Elisabeth Leitner’s writings and photographic collection also represent a vast and entirely untapped resource for investigating cultural contacts between Europe and the Ottoman empire in the second half of the nineteenth century.
Here is the fascinating story of one of Jerusalem's founding families. The Valeros established the first private bank in Israel. They owned considerable real estate in Jerusalem and its environs, as well as properties throughout the country, many of which they donated for the public's needs. Members of the elite Jerusalem Sephardic community, which peaked in the beginning of the twentieth century, the Valeros were extremely active in public life. The book also serves as a cultural study of the life of a family from the higher echelons of Jerusalem in the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries.
Between 1870 and 1938, a small but visible minority of Jewish women were very active in secular philanthropy in Italy. Excluded from the institutional Jewish community, which refused to recognize their changing roles, a few well-educated Jewish women became leaders, promoters and major donors in non-Jewish philanthropic projects specifically devoted to education and women’s welfare. The present paper explores this phenomenon from 1870, when the walls of the ghetto of Rome were finally brought down, to 1938, when Fascist antisemitic legislation forced the expulsion of Jewish activists and philanthropists from the institutions they had contributed to and, indeed, had often created.
Family picture album
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- Silvia Davoli
Parlour Made: Victorian Family Albums
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Ha-albom ha-mishpakhti ha-rishon be-Yerushayim” [The First Family Album in Jerusalem
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