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An Optimization Methods of Government Website Based on Search Engine
... Az empirikus kutatási eredmények alapján legnagyobb többségük, 60 százalék feletti arányban, sokkal inkább információkat keres, formanyomtatványokat tölt le és tölt ki ezeken a felületeken (Sloboda, Staronová & Suchalová, 2022). A felhasználás módja, formája a nemzeti közigazgatási rendszer digitalizáltságának fokától, az adott platformon keresztül való elérhetőségétől és a felhasználók szokásaitól, előzetes ismereteitől függ leginkább (Wang & Zhao, 2022). A tanulmány további megállapításainak megalapozásához fontos megvizsgálnunk azt is, hogy mit is tekinthetünk a platform funkciójának, koncentrálva itt a közigazgatási szempontú funkciójára, s kevésbé elmerülve a műszaki-informatikai jellegű rendeltetéshez kapcsolódó kérdésekben. ...
Cél: A kormányzati tevékenységeken belül markáns digitalizációs folyamatokat láthatunk az elmúlt néhány évben hazánkban és nemzetközi szinten egyaránt. E környezetben természetszerűleg váltja fel az emberi tevékenységet a szoftveres megoldás, s ez igaz a kormányzati platformokon keresztül zajló hatósági jellegű kapcsolattartásra az ügyfelekkel. A tanulmány célja feltárni a chatbot jellegű kommunikációs formák közigazgatási alkalmazási feltételeit, azt az esetet vizsgálva, ha a kormányzati platformon hatósági eljáráshoz kapcsolódó ügyintézés is történik e kapcsolattartási forma igénybevételével. A tanulmány további célja, hogy feltárja és rendszerbe foglalja a hatásokat, melyeket e megoldások gyakorolnak a kormányzati platform és az azokon keresztül zajló hatósági eljárások átláthatóságára.Módszertan: A hazai és európai jogforrások, valamint a megvalósult és tervezett gyakorlati megoldások kritikai elemzése, követelményrendszer és javaslatok megfogalmazása érdekében.Megállapítások: A hatósági eljárásokra vonatkozó követelményrendszerből adódóan számos olyan követelmény határolható el, amely a chatbotok mint kommunikációs módszerek alkalmazása esetén is értelmezhetőek. Ezek jogi megfelelés szempontjából is értelmezhetőek, nem csupán ajánlások vagy jó gyakorlatok. A szoftveres megoldás átláthatóságra gyakorolt hatása kettős jelleget mutat: egyrészt gyorsasága, interaktivitása folytán nagyban növelheti a platform és az eljárás átláthatóságát, másrészt ronthatja azt, informatikai behatároltsága mértékétől függően.Érték: A tanulmány legfontosabb, tudományos értelemben is értelmezhető új ismerete, hogy meghatározza a chatbotokra mint mesterséges intelligenciára épülő szoftveres megoldásokra irányuló legfontosabb közigazgatási követelményeket, amikor ezeket kormányzati platformokon keresztül, hatósági ügyekkel kapcsolatos ügyintézésre, kapcsolattartásra is használják. A tanulmány fontos új gondolata az ekvivalencia-elv felállítása, amely akkor érvényesül, ha a humán ügyintéző kapcsolattartási, tájékoztatási feladatait teljes egészében, választási lehetőség nélkül helyettesítik szoftveres megoldással a platformon.
Данная книга написана с целью объяснения научных и практических аспектов в области изучения электронных маркетинговых коммуникаций. Основное внимание уделено теории развития и историческому развитию маркетинговых коммуникаций.
Обсуждается необходимость коммуникаций как неотъемлемой части электронной маркетинговой стратегии организации. Выделяются основные особенности развития интернет-маркетинговых коммуникаций в мире, а также тенденции и приемы проектирования современных интернет-маркетинговых коммуникаций. Доказывается, что современным бизнес-организациям необходимо организовывать онлайн-акции с целью увеличения продаж товаров и услуг и увеличения доли рынка.
Обсуждается концептуальная необходимость использования рекламы и связей с общественностью в электронной маркетинговой стратегии с целью повышения узнаваемости бренда, увеличения прибыли и формирования положительной репутации организации. Рассматриваются основные особенности организации личных продаж целевой аудитории организации и привлечения потенциальных клиентов. Освещен прямой электронный маркетинг для современных организаций с помощью концептуального подхода.
Особое внимание уделено характеристикам электронных маркетинговых коммуникаций и их влиянию на поведение потребителей, основным методам и инструментам стимулирования увеличения продаж современных организаций в условиях конкуренции, сформированы важнейшие методы и основные инструменты оценки электронных маркетинговых коммуникаций.
Определены полученные в результате практической практики теоретические и методические приемы с возможностью использования их в качестве инструмента для понимания необходимости использования и применения электронных маркетинговых коммуникаций в деятельности организации. Надеемся, что полученные результаты будут полезны студентам вузов, аспирантам, учебным заведениям и бизнесменам. Данная книга послужит справочным материалом для изучения теоретических основ электронных маркетинговых коммуникаций.
This book is written to explain the scientific and practical aspects in the field of studying electronic marketing communications. The main attention is paid to the theory of development and historical development of marketing communications. The need for communications as an integral part of the electronic marketing strategy of the organization is discussed. The main features of the development of online marketing communications in the world are highlighted, as well as trends and techniques for designing modern online marketing communications. It is proved that modern business organizations need to organize online promotions in order to increase sales of goods and services and increase market share.
The conceptual need to use advertising and public relations in an electronic marketing strategy is discussed in order to increase brand awareness, increase profits and form a positive reputation of the organization. The main features of organizing personal sales to the target audience of the organization and attracting potential customers are considered. Direct electronic marketing for modern organizations is covered through a conceptual approach.
Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of electronic marketing communications and their impact on consumer behavior, the main methods and tools for stimulating the increase in sales of modern organizations in a competitive environment, the most important methods and main tools for assessing electronic marketing communications are formed. The theoretical and methodological methods obtained as a result of practical practice are determined with the possibility of using them as a tool for understanding the need to use and apply electronic marketing communications in the activities of an organization.
We hope that these results will be useful for university students, postgraduates, educational institutions and businessmen. This book will contribute as a reference material for studying the theoretical foundations of electronic marketing communications
جاء تأليف هذا الكتاب بهدف شرح الجوانب العلمية والعملية في مجال دراسة الاتصالات التسويقية الإلكترونية، حيث تم التركيز على نظرية التطور التاريخي للاتصالات التسويقية، تمت مناقشة الحاجة إلى الاتصالات كجزء لا يتجزأ من استراتيجية التسويق الإلكتروني للمنظمة، يتم الاهتمام بالسمات الرئيسة لتطور اتصالات التسويق عبر الإنترنت، إذ تم تحديد اتجاهات وتقنيات تصميم الاتصالات التسويقية الحديثة عبر الإنترنت، لقد ثبت أن منظمات الأعمال الحديثة تحتاج إلى تنظيم العروض الترويجية عبر الإنترنت من أجل زيادة مبيعاتها من السلع والخدمات وزيادة حصتها في السوق، كما يناقش الحاجة المفاهيمية لاستخدام الإعلان والعلاقات العامة في استراتيجية التسويق الإلكتروني، من أجل زيادة الوعي بالعلامة التجارية وزيادة الأرباح وصياغة سمعة إيجابية للمنظمة، يتم النظر في المميزات الرئيسة لتنظيم البيع الشخصي لجمهور المنظمة المستهدف وجذب العملاء المحتملين، كما تم تسليط الضوء من خلال مدخل مفاهيمي للتسويق الإلكتروني المباشر للمنظمات الحديثة، تم إيلاء اهتمام خاص لخصائص الاتصالات التسويقية الإلكترونية وتأثيرها على سلوك المستهلك، تم تشكيل الأساليب والأدوات الرئيسة لتحفيز زيادة مبيعات المنظمات الحديثة في بيئة تنافسية، يتم تحديد أهم الأساليب والأدوات الرئيسة لتقييم الاتصالات التسويقية الإلكترونية، مع إمكانية استخدام الأساليب النظرية والمنهجية الناتجة من الممارسة العملية كأداة لفهم الحاجة إلى استخدام وتطبيق الاتصالات التسويقية الإلكترونية في أنشطة المنظمة.
نأمل أن يستفيد من هذا الجهد طلبة الجامعات وطلبة الدراسات العليا والهيئات التعليمية ورجال الأعمال وأن يسهم هذا الكتاب كمرجع لدراسة الأسس النظرية للاتصالات التسويقية الإلكترونية.
This study explored the factors influencing citizens' adoption of e-government services through the open government/data concept by proposing and validating an e-government adoption recommendation model (EGARM). The data was analyzed with Smart PLS-SEM. The results show that the intention to use e-government website is positively related to the intention of citizens to recommend the adoption of e-government services. Trust in government and the internet were significant predictors of the intention to use e-government services. While information quality was significant in determining the intention to use, it was however not significant in predicting the citizen's trust in government. Also, information accessibility and accountability were both significant predictors of trust in government but not the intention to use. Additionally, collaboration was found to predict the intention to use but not trust in government. Finally, empowerment was a significant determinant of the intention to use and trust in government.
The rapid spread of smart mobile technology is transforming the way how governments provide information and services to their citizens. We all are rely more on our devices, namely smartphones, laptops, or desktop to get information and a wide range of services from government websites. Such heavy usage of government websites results in an increased need for efficient and effective delivery of government services. Therefore, mobile government websites’ usability and accessibility are essential dimensions that determine the quality and accessibility of mobile e-government. The main objective of this research is to analyze the accessibility and usability aspects of selected public sector websites in Saudi Arabia. This study investigates how well the Saudi mobile e-government websites comply with usability standards and accessibility guidelines recommended in the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). Websites assessments were conducted using manual evaluation and complemented by different automated analysis tools. This study applies a number of evaluation techniques to assess Saudi government websites accessed from desktop or mobile devices, such as an automated website testing technique, mobile-friendliness testing, and content observation technique. Various tools have been used for site evaluation, such as GTmetrix (PageSpeed Score, YSlow Score), WAVE, Google mobile-friendly test, and Dareboost for mobile websites. The study uncovers shortcomings regarding non-compliance to international web standards recommendations. The findings revealed usability and accessibility problems that affect the performance of government websites. In order to improve these websites within these aspects, several recommendations were suggested for improving the usability and accessibility of websites in Saudi Arabia that will make sure different groups of citizens are satisfied with the website features and services provided by them.
Banyak website baru bermunculan termasuk portal berita media online menghadapi masalah sepi pengunjung atau kekurangan pembaca, sehingga peringkat atau rating website tersebut rendah. Akibatnya pemasang iklan enggan membelanjakan biaya iklan pada website tersebut, padahal iklan menjadi salah satu penompang bisnis media online. Portal berita Inakoran.com yang baru tiga tahun beroperasi menghadapi kendala rating rendah, sehingga tim marketing kesulitan mendapatkan pemasang iklan. Tim redaksi Inakoran.com juga belum menguasai teknologi informatika untuk mengembangkan media online ini. Hal ini mendorong tim pengabdi dari Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Mercu Buana untuk melaksanakan pelatihan teknologi informatika khususnya penerapan search engine optimization (SEO) untuk meningkatkan peringkat website. Pelatihan penerapan teknik SEO melibatkan 10 orang karyawan dan tim redaksi pada tanggal 17 Maret 2020 di kantor Redaksi Inakoran.com di Kelurahan Larangan Indah, Kota Tangerang, Banten. Hasilnya, pengetahuan peserta di bidang informatika khusus Teknik SEO meningkat 85,6%, dan rating Inakoran.com secara nasional naik 3.966 level, dimana sehari sebelum pelatihan yaitu tanggal 16 Maret 2020, data Alexa menunjukan rating Inakoran.com berada di urutan 21.275 secara nasional, namun dua minggu kemudian yaitu tanggal 02 April 2020, rating Inakoran naik siginifikan ke posisi urutan 17.309 secara nasional.
Prior e-government development models have tended to consider e-government development per se as a goal, rather than as a means to an end. Considering the public value creation as a goal of public organizations, recent studies have assessed government websites from public value perspectives, but they have focused on the internal production of universal public value and overlooked contextualized public value co-creation. This study examines the ways in which e-government development models may be extended to contextualized public value co-creation, using a mixed-methods approaches. This study provides evidence for the extension to a contextualization stage that complements the goal-oriented vision.
In the Information and Communications Technology era, eGovernment projects present a great opportunity for governments to offer better and quicker services to their users from the public. However, the success and the failure of these projects to achieve the expected goals depend heavily on some important aspects; mainly websites usability. This study intends to evaluate usability of current e-government websites in Taiwan. The results indicate that a number of usability problems have been found in the target e-government websites. These findings can help designers identify users’ usability requirements and draw their particular attention to further develop more usable e-government websites.
Barriers to web accessibility exist that deny the rights of people with disabilities to access content on public sector websites even though equal access is mandatory on e-government websites in most countries. In order to achieve web accessibility, specific standards and technology are essential for ensuring compliance with accessibility laws. In order to support the implementation of accessibility standards facilitating compliance with laws and methodological approaches exist which can play an important role in making e-government websites more accessible. The purpose of this article is to present the regulatory framework regarding accessibility, a survey of the technology and a proposal of good practices concerning technology which evaluates accessibility as a support resource. Recently, standards have been updated which make compliance with accessibility standards mandatory in the upcoming years. Faced with this situation, this work provides support resources to this new regulatory framework such as approaches to accessibility monitoring and evaluation technology.
The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that influence a person in using mobile website e-government. In addition, this study also understands the moderating effect of interface design components on human ergonomic (psychomotor, cognitive, affective. So, the results of this study provide a proposed interface design that fits human ergonomics. Samples and research objects were taken from several e-Government websites in Indonesia that were selected based on the form of layout, content, navigation. Data was taken from 48 respondents by distributing questionnaires and direct observation using eye tracker as a detector of eye movement and mindWave as a brain wave detector. This study adopted and developed the TAM model to explain the causes and consequences of the factors found. We divide the research variables into 2 broad categories. The first category of relative advantage, perceived interactivity, perceived mobility we categorize as perceived usefullnes. While the second category includes psychomotor, cognitive, affective variables we categorize as perceived ease of use. We conducted an analysis using SPSS and SmartPLS to validate the research model. In this study, we found five main factors that influence people’s desire to use mobile website e-government. These five factors are relative advantages, perceived mobility, psychomotor, affective and attitude. Furthermore, the components of interface design only affect relationships of affective and attitudes.
E-Government websites stand to allow an easier approach for citizens to access government information and services. However, in the application, many Indonesian do not access E-Government website, and the main reason is due to the unattractive design. It is imperative to match the website design with the user’s physical and cognitive skills limitations, to increase the website effectiveness. This study aims to conduct experiments by examining citizens physical and cognitive capability constraint in 15 website designs of City and Regency Governments in Indonesia. Physical aspects were tested using Eye Tribe Tracker and Neurosky Mindwave was mobilized to investigate cognitive aspects and both aspects were assessed towards total 48 respondents The research data was being examined employing One Way ANOVA analysis to obtain a website with the highest average value. This study contributes to provide website design recommendations that include layouts, background colors, and typography for City and Regency Governments in Indonesia.
The main aim of the article is to explore if there is a synergy between proactive website management and better organic visibility of websites on Google, evidenced through their search engine optimisation (SEO) score. The analysis was conducted using 63 responses to an electronic survey completed in summer 2017 by Serbian cultural institutions of national importance. The dependent variable was the SEO score, whereas the independent variables were the existence of Google Analytics, the state of content freshness and social media activity. To examine the differences between the SEO score with respect to each independent variable, a t- test for independent samples was used. Higher SEO scores were recorded for websites that use web analytics, perform a weekly content update and use more than one social network, which combined contribute to the efforts to attract more online users, increase awareness of the institutional activities and strengthen its online brand visibility. Instead of using disparate online tools and channels in website management, the goal should be achieving synergy between web analytics, social media, content generation and SEO, which is contributing to the online value creation. The research findings can contribute to website managers for making better- informed decisions regarding their online strategies and resource allocation.
Companies struggle every day to estimate the adequate level of investment in new technologies, and governments lack the tools to determine the impact of their regulations on industry including telecommunications networks. Despite these facts, few studies discuss ways to assess appropriate levels of investment for technological initiatives and government regulations. To fill this gap, this study provides an optimization model for the investment of technology and government regulation, based on efficiencies. Results obtained from surveying northern European companies support the importance of estimating investment in technology and government regulation levels. The survey identified the four most relevant factors for practitioners: quality, cost, technology adoption, and government regulations. Based on the survey’s results, the model evaluates the level of investment for technology adoption and government regulations using cost and quality as target variables. Additional data from a German carrier served to test the model. Results show that technology investment delivers more benefits in cost and quality by increasing technology adoption. However, the model also suggests that diminishing returns make efficiencies stall at a certain level of technology adoption, and shows an investment threshold dependent on the type of benefit, cost, or quality the company seeks to maximize. Regarding government regulation, the model shows a counterintuitive behavior at higher levels of investment for the cost coefficients and at all levels of investment for the quality coefficient. This suggests that government regulation effects could be shifting from fixed-order cost to other types of costs.
The goal of this research is to address questions that spin around optimizing techniques to enhance the visibility of a website in Search Engines. What can web content creators and webmasters do to make their content accessible using search engines? In order to understand the true potential of Search Engine Optimisation, we need to focus on the primary elements that make this entire process function. The key role players in Search Engine Optimisation are search engine itself (Ex: Google), the SEO Consultants and the end user of a search engine. The factors that truly contribute depends on various dimensions which include focus keywords, content-length, readability score, content structure, how visitors interact with your website, visitor location, and much more. The whole process of Search Engine Optimisation may take significant time however with the involvement of professional SEO content writers and SEO Consultants one can achieve all the factors presented in this research work. With the frequently changing Technology, one should keep up with the frequently changing ranking algorithms to stay on top of the competitors. Overview To get started with the Search Engine Optimisation steps, we first begin with keyword research. Keyword research is the first and foremost step that should be taken with extra care as this is going to make or break your entire Search Engine Optimisation process. Once you have the clarity of your keywords, you can then focus on the second step that is the on-page SEO. The on-page SEO will help us improve individual web pages and enhance the visibility in the search engine with more relevant organic traffic. The final move will be to perform the off-page SEO. The off-0page SEO is a set of actions that are taken outside your website to improve your search engine rankings within the search engine result pages. Keyword Research To understand what to rank for, keyword research plays the prime role to identify the words and phrases an end user enters in the search engine. The keyword research is not confined to determine the words, it also helps in analysing how differently people research for an idea or a topic on a search engine.
One way to increase website popularity is by increasing the user's visit to the website. Search Engine Optimization is a popular concept to increase website popularity or page ranking of a website in search engine, but not many designer know on how to implement the concept so their website popularity could not be controlled. This research aims to create a template based on checklist created from SEO concept. Evaluation is done by comparing website page ranking that created based on this checklist and not. The result of this research is the website popularity ranking which implement SEO design is higher.
E-government provides a platform to deliver government services to stakeholders, and many countries have adopted e-government websites for good governance. Successful e-government implementation and service delivery depend on how the underlying information present in government websites is made accessible and usable to every individual. This article investigates the accessibility and usability of e-government sites in India. Our sample consists of 65 Indian e-government websites. The analysis was carried out using automatic evaluation tools. The results of the accessibility tests highlight the existence of accessibility issues based on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 (WCAG 1.0) and WCAG 2.0. Usability tests also reveal that e-government websites give low priority to such aspects during website design and development. Hence, there is a need to improve the overall accessibility and usability of Indian e-government websites in order to improve the quality and in turn the E-Government Development Index rank of India.
An accessible website enables the access to information and interaction for many people with disabilities so these people can contribute more effectively in the society. Today, most governments are enforcing their websites to follow the www consortium (w3c)'s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0). This paper investigates the WCAG 2.0 success criterions that make a website accessible and explores the most violated WCAG 2.0 success criterions by the developers of e-Government websites.
The last few decades have witnessed unprecedented transformations in every sector of society, resulting from the explosive advancement of information and communication technologies. This drastic development has raised the hopes of citizens for better lives, in both developing and advanced countries, urging innovation in government to make it more competent. Due to e-business revolutions, governments around the world have applied similar principles and technologies to government by opening their websites for more efficient publication of information and more effective delivery of public services. While a government website is an important venue for citizens to participate in public affairs and decision-making processes, early e-government practices tended to overlook democratic purposes by focusing on the features of e-business and information systems. There have been increasing criticisms that e-government system design has focused mainly on the provider's perspectives. Reflecting on the theoretical implications of this, we argue that a government website should facilitate democratic processes involving not only information sharing and delivery of better public services, but also deliberation and coproduction. The purpose of this study is to probe into multidimensional features that enable government websites to fulfill their promises. Developing an integrative model for evaluating a government website, namely the Democratic E-governance Website Evaluation Model, we conducted a qualitative meta-analysis of four strands of literature: information systems, business, public administration, and democratic theory. Our study contributes to the literature by extending the purview of e-government website analysis beyond the question of citizens' acceptance and towards the issue of their engagement, bringing a stimulating view of citizens as active agents in governance, and it provides a holistic model for public authorities to improve their websites to facilitate democratic e-governance that helps to create more effective public outcomes.
The level of moral development and moral intensity in cognitive psychology will not only affect the ethical behavior of accountants, but also have a direct impact on the quality and level of accounting work. Therefore, in this paper, the ethical behavior of accountants was analyzed from the perspective of cognitive psychology. Computer-aided data mining techniques were introduced, and government accounting risk assessment management of financial accountants was studied. In this paper, the principle of cognitive psychology to measure the ethical level of accountants was first described. The predicament of moral judgments was analyzed and an optimization plan to improve the ethical intention of accountants was proposed. Support Vector Machine classification technology in data mining was studied to explore how to conduct effective and reliable evaluation, so as to provide a scientific basis for decision-making in improving accounting management. After the simulation experiment, it is proved that continuously improving the ethical standards of accountants and strengthening the forecast of accounting risks can continue to optimize the accounting office management.
Network Dynamic Multi-Channel Data Transmission Method under Intrusion Interference Constraint[J]
- Qian Na
- Liu Yanhua
- Zhou Kaibo
Maturity Assessment of Local E-government Websites in the Philippines - ScienceDirect
- A Sak
The New Version of Government Research Bulletin (GRB) Website Applying Visualization and Text-mining Tools - ScienceDirect
- A Wh
- Chen