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LET TERS
Takeya Adachi and Yasushi Ogawa authors contributed equally to
this work
ORCID
Takeya Adachi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5289-5980
Yasushi Ogawa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3553-9607
Tamami Fukushi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-2413
Amane Koizumi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1177-0185
Masashi Shirabe https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4569-6171
Masako Toriya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8955-0353
Takenori Inomata https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3435-1055
Katsunori Masaki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0909-9409
Sakura Sato https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-0759
Masaki Futamura https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7442-9649
Keiko Kan- o https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7736-588X
Yosuke Kurashima https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8588-4033
Saeko Nakajima https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0831-1447
Hideaki Morita https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0928-8322
Aikichi Iwamoto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-7499
Mayumi Tamari https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5755-9177
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SUPPORTING INFORMATION
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version of the article at the publisher’s website.
DOI : 10.1111/all.1 5250
Gastrointestinal γδ T cells reveal differentially expressed
transcripts and enriched pathways during peanut oral
immunotherapy
To the Editor,
Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been successful in desensitizing
patients to offending food allergens,1 although the identification
of tissue- resident T- cell subsets and cognate pathways leading to
desensitization has been challenging. The γδ T cells are a major T-
cell subset of mucosal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and play a
significant role in tissue homeostasis and repair.2 In addition to aid-
ing mucosal barrier function, γδ T cells have also been recently dis-
covered to be pivotal to cellular adaptations in response to nutrient
sensing.3 In the broader context of atopy, γδ T cells have been impli-
cated both in IgE- and Th2- enhancing and IgE- suppressive effects.4,5
However, specifically with regard to peanut allerg y, γδ T cells were
shown to be IgE- suppressive and thus protective in a study employ-
ing mouse models.6 In a recent study, peripheral γδ Treg cells from
patients analyzed over 24 weeks of peanut OIT were shown to un-
dergo dynamic changes in expression profiles, implicating pathways
involved in immune homeostasis.7 To the best of our knowledge, the
role of γδ T cells in the intestinal mucosa of food allergic patients dur-
ing immunotherapy has not been examined. To this end, we inves-
tigated whether γδ T cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract exhibited
changes during peanut OIT. We hypothesized that GI- resident γδ T
cells in peanut allergic patients would increase during the course of
peanut OIT and might reveal transcripts and pathways relevant to
the mechanisms of peanut desensitization.
Participants were recruited from a randomized, double- blind,
placebo- controlled, phase II clinical trial of peanut OIT (POISED;
NCT02103270).1 Informed consent was obtained from all partici-
pants. Following dosage build- up over ~52 weeks, peanut- allergic
Nadeau, Manohar, DeKruyff and Chinthrajah are Co- senior authors.