A Study on Efficiency and Equity of Parking Deposit System駐車デポジットシステム（PDS）の効率性と公平性に関する分析

Abstract

Parking Deposit System (PDS) is proposed to improve public acceptance of Road Pricing (RP) which can reduce effectively traffic congestion and air pollution. This study examines the characteristics of PDS and conventional RP (cordon-based and area-based pricing) in terms of efficiency and equity. In order to evaluate income regressive effects as equity, we construct a multi-class network equilibrium model of the user's mode and route choice behaviors for the several income classes. As a result of application to the Nagoya Metropolitan Area, PDS has the following characteristics as compared with conventional RP. 1) PDS has sufficient environmental improvement effect, although the car reduction effect becomes small by refund. 2) In area-based pricing, the efficiency of PDS is higher than the conventional system. 3) PDS is more equitable system because it is a kind of revenue allocation policy.