The impact of recycling in preserving the environment

Abstract

Recycling is considered to be the most effective method to preserve our earth's environment secure. By simply reusing the material instead of discarding them, we can reduce the number of waste materials and also conserve future natural resources. In this way, landfill trash will be reduced to save water and air from pollution. Solid waste recycling provides adequate benefits to the environment and health, apart from generating economic benefits. The SSR program of single-stream recycling process normally recycles materials collected and deposited in a specific collection bin. Therefore, the SSR process has increased in popularity in western countries, Europe and Asia, due to its inherent waste collection abilities, specifically, the political and social pressures that have stimulated rapid progress in environmental framework legislation as per national directives. The recycling demands have compelled them to incorporate recycled materials, but it has generated risk of conflicts regarding the safety matters for food packaging. Several recycling prospects are considered, directing recycling to be implemented only at places where the environment is benefited. Further, the re-use process should not jeopardize safety and health matters concerning food packages. This is to avoid the direct contact of packages with foodstuffs, where only chemical recycling is the correct method to ensure product purity. The recycled material control behind this barrier layer puts the doubt regarding the undefined contaminant of barrier performance.

Full text

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ISSN Print: 2394-7500
ISSN Online: 2394-5869
Impact Factor: 8.4
IJAR 2021; 7(11): 297-302
www.allresearchjournal.com
Received: 04-09-2021
Accepted: 15-10-2021
Dr. Osama Asanousi Lamma
Department of Soil & water
Faculty of Agricultural, Bani
Waleed University, Libya
Corresponding Author:
Dr. Osama Asanousi Lamma
Department of Soil & water
Faculty of Agricultural, Bani
Waleed University, Libya
The impact of recycling in preserving the environment
Dr. Osama Asanousi Lamma
Abstract
Recycling is considered to be the most effective method to preserve our earth’s environment secure. By
simply reusing the material instead of discarding them, we can reduce the number of waste materials
and also conserve future natural resources. In this way, landfill trash will be reduced to save water and
air from pollution. Solid waste recycling provides adequate benefits to the environment and health,
apart from generating economic benefits. The SSR program of single-stream recycling process
normally recycles materials collected and deposited in a specific collection bin. Therefore, the SSR
process has increased in popularity in western countries, Europe and Asia, due to its inherent waste
collection abilities, specifically, the political and social pressures that have stimulated rapid progress in
environmental framework legislation as per national directives. The recycling demands have compelled
them to incorporate recycled materials, but it has generated risk of conflicts regarding the safety matters
for food packaging. Several recycling prospects are considered, directing recycling to be implemented
only at places where the environment is benefited. Further, the re‐use process should not jeopardize
safety and health matters concerning food packages. This is to avoid the direct contact of packages with
foodstuffs, where only chemical recycling is the correct method to ensure product purity. The recycled
material control behind this barrier layer puts the doubt regarding the undefined contaminant of barrier
performance.
Keywords: Recycling, natural environment, waste material, pollution, water, air, soil, underground
stream
Introduction
Ever since the Industrial age commenced, the humanity had encountered daunting questions,
to identify the sustainable means to persist in their prevailing mass production industrial
activities. In a way, the product lifespan has enlarged by almost 10 years, while the human
population has multiplied four times in the past one century. The big question we are facing
is how to manage the overburden of overcrowded cities, extensive air, and water pollution,
while meeting the food, clothing, and shelter using tremendous resources for everyone.
Eventually, how to persevere the strong health of our planet (Adebola, 2006) [1].
Fig 1: Positive recycling effect on environment (Compactor Management Company, 2021)
It’s a high time, we should strive to take care of our environment
The whole world should really focus on this major subject, its consequences and
applications. How the communities in each country should help the government to maintain
the environment and to keep it away from pollution?
International Journal of Applied Research 2021; 7(11): 297-302

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Yes, we all are concerned about our city streets, farmland
soil, water, vegetation, forests, the air purity to be
maintained, the cleanness of rivers, water springs, oceans,
our beaches, and among so many other things, the whole
wildlife around us.
They are all linked and every element and component affect
each other in the most unexpected manner. It is not possible
to keep all of them under observation, but one sure way each
one can initiate immediate is to start the practice of
recycling (Anthony, 2009) [8].
The value of biodegradable products
Our efforts to make Eco-friendly, environmental friendly,
recyclable and biodegradable products have gained
momentum in the past several years, bringing public
awareness. Hence, it is the initial step to generate the best
use of the recycle products and materials! Otherwise, we
must recognize the dangers it can create in our society.
For example, the resources of our earth are limited? The
most essential entity like air and water, which appeared
abundant, may eventually run out. Presently, the raw
materials to make plastic products are running out,
moreover, the reuse of throwing away plastic products is
landing in landfills (Ado, & Muktar, 2011) [3].
Fig 2: Waste management hierarchy (Recycling, 2019).
By recycling plastic materials, indicates less use of new
plastic, made out of hydrocarbons and fossil fuels. It means,
by recycling plastic, one ton of raw material is saved, which
is 16.8 oil barrels.
Similarly, recycling wood and paper can save forests and
trees. Recycled office paper of 1 ton weight can save 7650
gallons of water, 18 trees, and oil 472 gallons. The virgin
rainforest can’t be replaced, hence, it is better to avoid
destroying them (Adisa, & Muktar, 2011) [3].
Fig 3: World Environment Day (Canon Hygiene, 2017) [11].
On this World 5th June, Environment Day, it is better
necessary to emphasize the recycling impact on the
environment.
With the help of numerous posters and sign boards in public
places, recycling activities are promoted each day. However,
it appears that people are not implementing this. It is mainly
because of the thought that, in this vast world, their efforts
will not make any difference. But, they should know that
every effort counts and makes the difference (Canon
Hygiene, 2017) [11]. Recycling can create a vast impact on
the safety of the environment. Consider the following:
 Recycling can reduce the waste reaching the landfill,
while 27 tonnes MSW- municipal solid waste was
generated in 2013 alone;
 Recycling helps conserve natural resources, whereas,
the office paper, recycled can save 27,300 liters of
water, 18 trees, 2,450 liters of oil, 2.28 m3 of landfill;
 Recycling helps reduce energy consumption, sufficient
MSW got recycled and provided an electric supply to
nearly 29 million homes, in 2014;
 Recycling helps save habitats and forests, almost
26,500,000 trees can be saved every year, in case 10%
of the existing newspapers are recycled in the USA;
 Recycling helps reduce air pollution;
 Recycling of paper can reduce air pollution by almost
78%.
 Recycling helps reduce global warming, By recycling
178 metric tons of Green House Gases were reduced by
recycling MSW, in 2017 (Canon Hygiene, 2017) [11].

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Fig 4: Waste hierarchy; reducing, refusing, recycling, reusing, composting to permit waste reduction (Davidson, 2011) [14]
In industrial society, waste generation and dumping have
become an intrinsic role. The domestic and commercial
waste sources have increased considerably all around the
world in the last ten years. The householders, commercial
establishments, industries, and various small and big stores
constantly contribute to the tremendous amount of waste.
The waste products can be measured as millions of tons,
while the population living in urban and city limits has
increased 400% in the past 20 years. This enormous
population growth has contributed tremendous liquid and
solid waste, and it is a matter of national as well as a global
concern. The waste volume is not a big problem, but the
inability of individuals, society, governments, together with
the disposal of waste management companies have failed to
manage the task of waste reduction and environmental
safety. The dirty environment affects the aesthetic
sensibilities, living standards, health of human beings,
implicating the quality of lives. Improper waste storage and
disposal can create hazards to society through air pollution,
water, and land (Ado, & Muktar, 2011) [4].
Waste vehicle tires above 360,000,000 numbers, get
accumulated in Europe annually (Alejandro Navazas, 2021) [10]
When waste tires of vehicles are above 360,000,000 number
get accumulated in Europe, it is possible to travel around the
world with this quantity. These recycling tires are the main
waste challenge and they are trying to turn them into a
highly valuable and sustainable resource, to make it a
completely circular economy. Also, they try to prevent the
release of Microplastic.
The recycling process entirely relies on the type of waste
materials, and some of them is unable to use directly.
However, they are possible to convert to a new set of raw
materials or products through the transformation process.
For example, utilized papers can be recycled to make
envelopes, files, greeting cards, and so on. More energy can
be obtained by recycling process through: Pyrolysis process,
which is waste combustion without oxygen to generate
liquids, gases, and dense compounds, by incineration
process of combustion with the oxygen present to develop
oxidized compounds, pellet formation, gasification,
anaerobic digestion, and so on. By the composting process
of chemical and biological organic waste degradation in
small enterprise, a large centralized basis (Recycling, 2019).
The collective work of 3R is aimed to achieve strong
management of solid waste; and, that links to several global
environmental objectives to mitigation of climate change,
the greenhouse gas emission, which can generate sustainable
development benefits by methane (CH4) reduction, less
carbon dioxide (CO2), other NMVOC- volatile non-methane
organic compounds, nitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide, and
carbon monoxide from landfills. Such technologies should
help to eliminate or reduce greenhouse gas emissions,
including organic waste composting, high-technology
derived incineration, coverage of sanitation, waste-to-
energy, industrial combustion, recovery of landfill gases,
along with the waste-to-energy, thermal processes. For
instance, in European countries, landfill spaces accumulate
68% waste materials, 18% incinerated, 6%) composted,
10% recycled (Recycling, 2019) [20].
Recycling
The recycling process converts and transforms waste and
discarded materials into something new objects and

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materials of further use. Hence, it becomes a good
alternative to any waste of “conventional” nature of disposal
and it has a capacity to save from using other material and
this process can help reduce emissions of greenhouse gases,
as related to plastic production, for instance. The procedure
of Recycling can avoid the waste going to the landfill and
which has the potential as a useful product or materials and
that reduces the fresh raw material consumption, thereby
reduces further usage of energy, air pollution due to
incineration, air and water pollution by avoiding going to
landfill. Hence, the Recycling process has become the
crucial waste reduction component of the modern era and
turned out to be the third factor of the waste hierarchy,
“Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle” (Recycling, 2019) [20].
Fig 5: Waste hierarchy, “Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle” (Recycling,
2019) [20]
Waste
Wastes are always surplus discarded and useless unusable
materials. Any substance considered as waste, which is
redundant after its initial use, and hence become defective,
worthless, and therefore, useless. The instances involve
MSW- municipal solid waste, household refuse and
trash, wastewater hazardous waste, like sewage, radioactive
waste, containing bodily wastes like urine, feces, surface
runoff, and others (Recycling, 2019) [20].
Solid waste
The sludge refuse, any garbage, are considered as the solid
waste coming out of the wastewater treatment factory,
treatment plant of water supply, out of air pollution and
control facility, also from any other useless, redundant
materials that include semi-solid, liquid, solid, or
contaminated gaseous materials, coming out of commercial,
industrial, agricultural, mining operations (Canon Hygiene,
2017) [11].
Air and Water Pollution
The contaminants, chemicals, obnoxious gases enter the air,
land, or water, pollution takes place, introducing these
materials into the atmosphere, land, water, or natural
environment to cause adverse changes. Any kind of
pollution in the form of energy, waste materials, liquid,
chemical substances, heat, noise, or light. Any pollution
component and pollutants can come in the form of energies
or foreign substances, naturally happening contaminants.
They can come in the form of pollution from classic point
sources of pollution from non-point sources (Canon
Hygiene, 2017) [11].
Statement of problem
Waste materials often pose very dangerous and profound
health and environmental problems. They further elevate
insects breeding like flies, mosquitoes, Feachem 1993, Cairn
cross, rats, mice. They are also hazardous to cause fire,
flooding, and flow of wastewater streams. When they enter
the soil, they further can percolate to join the underground
water streams, to develop odor problems, aquatic weeds,
breeding a variety of insect nuisance, and many more. As
stated by Pichtel (2005), the waste materials generate
environmental impact, as they normally cluster into
dangerous six groups, including photochemical and oxidant
creation, global warming, enhance natural process caused
due to the effect of climate change, depletion of Abiotic
resource, Acidification, and Eutrophication. Such various
major constituent-related related problems can further
impact the recycling stages and that bring a strain on
preserving the natural environment (Ahmed & Ali, 2019) [7].
Aim and Objectives
The Aim is to ascertain and establish the recycling impact in
environment preservation.
Objectives
i) To discover the additional recycling impact and help in
the environment preservation;
ii) To ascertain the impact of solid waste supervision and
management practices around the world;
iii) To assess the government role in waste management;
iv) To investigate the advantages of solid waste
management on the environment;
v) To explore the link between environmental pollution
and solid waste management (Ahmed & Ali, 2019) [7].
Hypothesis
The following study hypotheses were devised for the
completion of this work;
H0: Recycling waste does not generate a considerable
impact to preserve the environment.
H1: Recycling of waste does generate a substantial impact
to preserve the environment;
H02: No relationship exists between environmental
pollution and solid waste management;
H03: A definite relationship exists between environmental
pollution and solid waste management (Environment, 2020)
[15].
Study Significance
It is considered that the study results will provide a
significant value and scope of the federal environment
ministry, in dealing with and deliver the recycling
challenges as a way of solid waste management in the
country. The findings will further provide sufficient
database and information to the environmental management
system and the agency, because the acquired results will
help them prepare a strong structure to design a model to
monitor and organize to command solid waste system of
management, using systematic recycling process. This
framework of the study will of value to researchers and
academicians who wish to continue further with identical
studies, as they will add more value to their body of
knowledge (Recycling, 2019) [20].
Scope and limitation of the study
The study scope covers the waste recycling impact on
environmental preservation. However, we observed that
during the study, the researchers may encounter certain

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constraints and that will limit the study scope. Certain
constraints are:
(a) Research material and source availability: The
availability of research material is not sufficient, due to
which, there ate study limitations.
(b) Finance: The research work finance availability does
not permit a lengthy resource coverage and due to
these limitations and the researchers have different
academic bills to include, there are restricted research
performed.
(c) Time: Time is the main constraint, and the allocated
time frame for such studies cannot improve bigger
research coverage to connect other academic functions
to evaluate the study (Recycling, 2019) [20].
Recycling Benefits to the Environment
Recycling Positive Effects
It basically helps Conserve Resources
The Global Foundation of Recycling, in 2017, reported that
people should make the utmost use of natural resources in
merely 8 months. They made new products by raw material
extraction by cutting trees and mining. Therefore, they
understood that the recycling process helps conserve the
most essential raw materials to be used in the future
(Environment, 2020) [15].
Fig 6: Recycling Benefits to the Environment
Less is always more organization revealed that there is a
positive recycling impact to conserve natural resources, the
format is as follows: (Environment, 2020) [15].
1. The recycled 1 ton of plastic can save 16.8 oil barrels;
2. By recycling 1 tom office papers can save 18 trees, can
reduce oil 474 gallons, and save water of 7,400 gallons;
3. 1 ton steel can be recycled to save 1.78 oil barrels and
avoid the landfill space of 4 cubic yards.
It helps provide Importance to People
 The landfill space gets filled quickly, and within some
years, there will be no additional space to dump the
waste materials. Recycling is the best method to control
and manage the waste generated.
 Producing the fresh and new products require the use of
natural resources in sizeable quantities. Hence,
recycling can curtail the raw material need and helps
reduce the consumption of energy. Also, recycling
helps preserve natural resources that will help our
future generations.
 The manufacturing cost of fresh products is prohibitive.
However, when the recycling method is used to make
products, the product cost will be less. Hence, the
process of recycling will reduce the financial burden
and help economy by investing in various other
schemes (Environment, 2020) [15].
Reuse and Recycling Activities in 2018
Total Gross value
Economic Balance
and Share
Jobs
availability
Reported 693,000 jobs
The U.S. economy
by 0.49%
Wages
Developed USD 38.6 billion
in the form of wages
The U.S. economy
by 0.59%
Taxes
Generated tax revenues, USD
5.65 billion
The U.S. economy
by 0.78%
On average, based on the natural basis, around 1.26 jobs,
USD 654,830 wages, and $9,625 tax revenues are involved,
while for every recyclable collection of 1,100 (US) tons are
recycled (CIA, 2019) [12].
Benefits of Recycling
1) It Saves Energy
By using recycled materials for manufacturing applications,
the quantity of energy utilized is very less. In case the below
mentioned recycled materials are used, a significant quantity
of energy can be saved:
 In the case of Paper recycled: 62% reduced, energy can
be consumed;
 In the case of Aluminum recycled: 94% reduced,
energy can be consumed;
 In the case of Cardboard recycled: 27% reduced, energy
can be consumed;
 In the case of Plastic and glass recycled: 37% reduced,
energy can be consumed (Environment, 2020) [15].
2) Recycling can help Protect our Environment
To produce new products, there is a need to extract raw
materials. Thereafter, they should be refined, cultured, and
processed. The process creates water and air pollution to
generate greenhouse gases, which are emitted during all
these manufacturing processes, to cause global warming and
environmental problems. In such cases, recycling can
decrease the raw material needs, thus decreasing pollution.
Moreover, it saves energy, while reducing the release of
greenhouse gases, to help tackle climate change.
3) Helps Reduce Landfill
The EPA- Environmental Protection Agency projects that
recycling 37% of created waste, will decrease the landfill
space by 65%. This is because, by using the recycling
method, a reduced quantity of waste reaches the landfill
(Agunwamba, 2018) [6].
Conclusion
The waste amount we generate is increasing due to the
following reasons;
 Increase of global population;
 Increase of buying potential and capacity of people;
 Innovative and fresh products with modern packaging
are developed using non-environmentally-friendly
materials;
 Changes in technology and Lifestyle (Environment,
2020) [15].

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Environmental Value and Importance
 Deforestation is happening on a large scale because of
destroying forests and trees, which act like raw
materials provided by the natural habitat. That is the
main reason cause the adverse effects of global
warming. Recycling helps reduce the raw material
needs and therefore, preserves our rainforests.
 Greenhouse harmful gasses and chemicals are emitted
from landfill waste, affecting the environment.
Recycling reduces this kind of pollution generated
because of harmful gasses and waste.
When new products are created out of raw materials, a large
amount of energy is utilized. Recycling reduces energy
consumption to help preserve our natural resources
(Adeyemi, et al., 2019) [2].
1. Recycling helps reduce energy consumption;
2. Recycling helps decrease landfill size;
3. Recycling Helps reduce Pollution;
4. Recycling helps improve the Soil condition;
5. Recycling helps conserve Natural Resources;
6. Recycling also Saves our Money;
7. Recycling generates new Green Jobs;
8. Recycling helps get rid of Greenhouse dangerous Gas
Emissions;
9. Recycling avoids Loss of Biodiversity;
10. Recycling Cause Communities to come Together
(Schluep et al., 2012) [21].
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