Content uploaded by Arif Novianto
Author content
All content in this area was uploaded by Arif Novianto on Dec 07, 2021
Content may be subject to copyright.
A preview of the PDF is not available
Menyoal Kerja Layak dan Adil dalam Ekonomi Gig di Indonesia
Abstract
Ekonomi gig, sebagai bentuk ekonomi yang menekankan pada upah berdasarkan jumlah barang/jasa yang diselesaikan, kini semakin banyak diperbincangkan. Di satu sisi, banyak yang menyanjung ekonomi gig sebagai ekonomi masa depan, karena telah mampu menyerap jutaan tenaga kerja, memberi mereka fleksibilitas, dan menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun di sisi lain, ekonomi gig telah berkontribusi pada kerentanan kerja, karena ketiadaan perlindungan sosial dan kepastian pendapatan bagi para pekerjanya. Kerentanan tersebut memungkinkan untuk terjadi, karena mereka diklasifikasikan sebagai kontraktor independen dengan hubungan kemitraan, bukan hubungan kerja buruh-pengusaha. Dampaknya, pekerja gig menjadi belum menikmati perlindungan kerja berupa upah minimum, jam kerja 40 jam/minggu, hak berserikat, hak libur, dan jaminan sosial sebagaimana yang diterima pekerja dalam hubungan kerja buruh-pengusaha. Sementara itu, hubungan kemitraan berjalan dengan tidak adil, karena setiap keputusan dilakukan sepihak oleh perusahaan platform, sehingga merugikan pekerja gig.
Dalam buku ini, kami mengurai persoalan yang terjadi dalam ekonomi gig di Indonesia. Buku ini menyajikan analisis tentang belum tercapainya kondisi kerja layak dan adil bagi pekerja gig, baik yang bekerja sebagai pengemudi ojek online, kurir, musisi, buruh jahit, dan pekerja kreatif. Persoalan tersebut dianalisis dari kacamata yang beragam, dari pendekatan ekonomi politik, regulasi, budaya kritis, hingga kekuasaan. Buku ini menjadi bacaan awal yang penting untuk memahami beragam persoalan di ekonomi gig dan bagaimana untuk mendorong terwujudnya kerja layak dan adil bagi pekerja gig.
... Hal ini disebabkan oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan yang hanya mengatur hak-hak pekerja konvensional atau formal, sementara pekerja gig tidak diikutsertakan dalam ketentuan tersebut. (Keban et al., 2021) Selain itu, para driver juga menyoroti bahwa upah yang diberikan sering kali tidak sebanding dengan waktu dan risiko kerja yang dihadapi di lapangan. Kondisi ini menyebabkan para driver merasa bahwa kesejahteraan belum sepenuhnya diperhatikan oleh perusahaan serta pemerintah. ...
... Sistem kemitraan ini juga tidak memberikan hak-hak mitra secara penuh. (Keban et al., 2021) Konsep hubungan kemitraan antara platform Grab dengan driver timbul karena adanya perjanjian kemitraan, dimana perjanjian tersebut melahirkan hak dan kewajiban antara driver dengan platform Grab. Platform Grab memiliki kewajiban untuk memastikan bahwa driver mendapatkan pembayaran yang sah sesuai dengan layanan yang diberikan, sementara driver juga berkewajiban untuk mengantarkan pesanan sesuai dari layanan Grabfood dengan ketentuan yang berlaku. ...
This research aims to analyze the legal relationship between Grab drivers and Grab platform in the context of gig economy in Banyumas Regency, as well as legal protection for drivers who experience fictitious orders. This research uses normative juridical and empirical juridical methods. The research data includes primary data from direct interviews with several drivers in Banyumas Regency and supported by secondary and tertiary data. The data analysis method uses qualitative analysis method. The first research result shows that the relationship between the driver and the platform arises due to a partnership agreement that gives birth to balanced rights and obligations between the parties. In practice, the relationship between drivers and platforms looks like a working relationship where there are elements of orders, wages, and work as well as relationships such as superiors and subordinates that create imbalances in the existing partnership agreement. So it looks like a pseudo-partnership relationship. When viewed in Regional Regulation Number 5 of 2021 concerning Creative Economy Development, Grab drivers are included in the type of freelancers with a partnership pattern system using a profit-sharing system regulated in article 4 and article 33. However, these rules still do not provide adequate legal protection for online ojek drivers. The second research result, legal protection for drivers who experience fictitious orders is still limited. The Grab platform provides protection by providing a reimbursement mechanism, which has been stated in the partnership agreement between the driver and the Grab platform. The unclear legal relationship between Grab drivers and the platform in the Gig Economy era in Banyumas causes weak protection for drivers who experience fictitious orders.
... Dalam konteks Indonesia, penelitian terkait gig economy bukanlah hal yang baru. Penelitian tentang gig economy di Indonesia umumnya berupaya memahami perkembangan corak ekonomi kapitalisme mutakhir beserta dampak yang ditimbulkannya, meski jarang yang melihat dampaknya melalui platform di Indonesia (Ford & Honan, 2017;Frey, 2020;Mustika & Savirani, 2021;Nowak, 2021;Keban, et al., 2021;Wilujeng, 2021;Qadri & D'Ignazio, 2022;Yasih, 2022). Penelitian Keban, et al. (2021) menguraikan sumber kekuatan pekerja dan bentuk perlawanan yang memungkinkan bagi pekerja gig memenangkan tuntutannya dalam konteks gig economy di Indonesia. ...
... Penelitian tentang gig economy di Indonesia umumnya berupaya memahami perkembangan corak ekonomi kapitalisme mutakhir beserta dampak yang ditimbulkannya, meski jarang yang melihat dampaknya melalui platform di Indonesia (Ford & Honan, 2017;Frey, 2020;Mustika & Savirani, 2021;Nowak, 2021;Keban, et al., 2021;Wilujeng, 2021;Qadri & D'Ignazio, 2022;Yasih, 2022). Penelitian Keban, et al. (2021) menguraikan sumber kekuatan pekerja dan bentuk perlawanan yang memungkinkan bagi pekerja gig memenangkan tuntutannya dalam konteks gig economy di Indonesia. ...
Penelitian ini berupaya menguraikan perubahan dalam tatanan kehidupan akibat masifnya ekspansi perusahaan berbasis platform digital. Pada bentuk mutakhirnya, revolusi teknologi informasi memungkinkan praktik akumulasi kapital berbasis jaringan dalam bentuk gig economy. Ekspansi pekerjaan gig yang berlangsung melalui platformisasi terjadi dalam kondisi sosial yang spesifik. Dalam melacak lokus relasi sosial dan politik yang berubah sebagai konsekuensi logis dari interkoneksi, fokus diberikan terhadap friksi akibat ekspansi dan akumulasi kapital industri transportasi berbasis platform beserta ragam responsnya. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan mengambil studi kasus pada empat wilayah yaitu, Surabaya, Denpasar, Badung, dan Gianyar. Penelitian ini akan berkontribusi dalam perdebatan, pertama, upaya memahami platformasi, mencakup aspek konektivitas dan diskoneksi, sebagai sebuah proses yang melekat dengan kondisi sosialnya. Kedua, melihat proses akumulasi kapital beserta implikasi sosialnya, melalui ekspropriasi. Tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa interkoneksi global menjadi lokus kontestasi kekuasaan antara perusahaan berbasis platform, negara, dan masyarakat.
... Penelitian sebelumnya dari (Rizaldi & Nahda, 2023) tentang analisis keuangan pada komoditas berjangka emas dan minyak mentah dengan metode simulasi monte carlo menyatakan bahwa potensi kerugian maksimum dari perdagangan berjangka pada komoditas emas lebih kecil dibandingkan pada komoditas minyak mentah. Penelitian dari (Keban, Hernawan, & Novianto, 2021) dengan melakukan survey pada para pengemudi ojek online seperti grab, gojek, dan maxim tentang risiko yang muncul akibat dari sharing economy atau gig ekonomi atau sharing economy kondisi kerja-adil bagi pengemudi ojek online di Gojek, Grab, dan Maxim juga belum dijalankan. Dalam lima prinsip kerja-adil yaitu dalam hal pembayaran, kondisi, kontrak, manajemen, dan representasi, kesemuanya tidak dijalankan oleh perusahaan platform Gojek, Grab, dan Maxim. ...
Permasalahan yang timbul akibat dari sharing economy seperti perubahan pada proses strategi bisnis yang sudah diterapkan, perubahan pada model operasional, perubahan pangsa pasar dan lain sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui risiko keuangan yang muncul dari penerapan sharing economy, pengaruh risiko keuangan yang muncul terhadap pelaporan keuangan usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksplanatori kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode survei melalui kuesioner. Dipilihnya desain ini untuk mengevaluasi bagaimana kualitas pelaporan keuangan dan variabel risiko keuangan (operasi, pasar, dan likuiditas) berkorelasi satu sama lain. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Risiko operasional dan pasar memiliki skor tinggi dan signifikan memengaruhi pelaporan keuangan, Risiko likuiditas rendah karena sistem pembayaran real-time, kecuali pada sub-sektor tertentu, Kualitas pelaporan keuangan perlu ditingkatkan melalui adopsi teknologi dan pelatihan standar akuntansi. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada penentuan langkah prepentif bagi pelaku usaha dan mitra yang menerapkan model sharing economy dalam mengelola risiko keuangan, pengembangan regulasi terkait hal – hal yang ditimbulkan oleh model sharing economy, dan menjadi bahan kajian bagi peneliti yang sekarang maupun peneliti selanjutnya dalam kajian tentang sharing economy
... Ekonomi gig seringkali dilambangkan dengan jam kerja yang fleksibel, namun kenyataannya jumlah jam kerja dari pekerja gig lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pekerja lainnya. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Keban et al. (2021) menunjukkan bahwa dalam satu hari, pekerja gig di bidang transportasi memperoleh rata-rata jam kerja 87.1 jam per minggu. Padahal, sudah terdapat aturan terkait jam kerja yang tercantum dalam Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 yakni 40 jam per minggu. ...
Transformasi ekonomi digital yang berkembang pesat menjadi sumber kekuatan baru bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan sehingga melahirkan fenomena ekonomi gig yang merujuk pada model pekerjaan sementara, mandiri, dan fleksibel dengan memanfaatkan platform digital atau aplikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh dari ragam karakteristik pekerja ekonomi gig terhadap perekonomian nasional berdasarkan basis lokasi (superapp) dan basis jarak jauh (online). Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis studi literatur berupa data sekunder dengan proses pengumpulan data melalui buku, jurnal ilmiah, data digital, dan dokumen terkait ekonomi gig dan perekonomian nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan transformasi ekonomi digital telah melahirkan ragam karakteristik pekerja ekonomi gig berbasis lokasi (superapp) dan berbasis jarak jauh (online). Pengaruh pekerja ekonomi gig terhadap perekonomian nasional ditunjukkan melalui penyerapan tenaga kerja, tersedianya lapangan kerja baru, dan kontribusi terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) di Indonesia.
... In addition, critical thinking towards capitalism and neoliberalism has become sharper in the post-modern era, prompting efforts to find fairer alternatives in labor arrangements. The change and development of the concept of justice philosophy in labor law in the post-modern era reflect an awareness of the diversity of views, the need for inclusivity, worker empowerment, and attention to rapid social and economic change (Keban et al., 2021). This leads to efforts to create a more fair, diverse, and efficient employment system for all parties involved. ...
The main objective of this research is to examine the concept of justice in labor law which has developed in the context of the post-modern era as marked by rapid social and technological changes and a more inclusive view of justice. By using normative research, researchers will conduct an in-depth analysis of relevant literature on the philosophy of justice, labor law, and postmodernism as part of primary and secondary legal materials. The data collection process will involve a thorough literature review, analysis of legal texts, and examination of related documents and articles from reliable sources. The differentiation of this study from other studies is its comprehensive analytical approach to understanding justice in labor law and its focus on changes and adaptations that occur in the post-modern era. these findings will explain the concept of justice in the workplace that has adapted to the challenges of the times. In addition, this study aims to identify obstacles and opportunities in building a fair, diverse and efficient employment system for all stakeholders. By paying attention to social dynamics, technology, and postmodern values, researchers hope that labor law can be more responsive and flexible in maintaining a sense of justice and the balance of power between employers and workers.
... Padahal aspek terpenting selain profit adalah keselamatan individu masing-masing. Maka tak luput ketika banyak sekali karyawan yang bekerja di Industri merasa tertekan bahkan sakin tertekan dalam mengemudi menuju tempat kerja pun pikiran bisa tidak terkonsentrasi karena tuntutan yang luar biasa bahkan dapat melampau standar lelah individu masing-masing (Keban & Novianto, 2021). Berikut adalah waktukerja lebih di Industri akan dipaparkan pada gambar VI-1. ...
... As noted above, during the 2015-2019 "money-burning" period, Grab drivers in Indonesia tended to earn high incomes due to the large number of incentives 6 . Consequently, they were not overly concerned with their vulnerabilities such as long working hours, lack of social protection, misclassification, and other rights. ...
Some analysts of the platforme-based gig economy have argued that the potential of gig workers to resist their exploitation is low, due to the individualisation of labour processes and management by algorithms1.
I want to show the opposite. In fact, during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia, a total of 34 protests were carried out by Grab drivers and seven of them met with their demands. It is not only possible to organise drivers to resist precarity – it is already happening.
This research aims to analyze the legal relations and the legal certainty of social security for gig workers. The issue focuses on the uncertainty of the legal relations and the protection of workers social security for gig workers. Indonesia does not have regulations that govern protection for gig workers, while the growth of gig workers in Indonesia is very rapid. Many companies that provide platform for gig workers to work classify gig workers as partners not as an employee. This partnership results in gig workers not receiving the same protection as a regular worker. Data were collected through doctrinal methods and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that the legal relationship between gig workers and companies is often categorized as a partnership relationship. Therefore, to provide legal certainty of employment social security for gig workers, the government need to review the current regulations or create specific regulations to determine work relationships between gig workers and the company that hired them, creating specific regulations for gig workers, also giving a socialization and education for gig workers about the importance of social security to increase their awareness.
This research aims to determine the classification of legal relationships between platform service providers and online transportation drivers as gig workers (platform workers). The choice of theme is motivated by the fact that so far the legal relationship that occurs between platform service providers and online transportation drivers is a partnership relationship, but the partnership relationship that occurs does not implement the principles of partnership in its implementation in the business world. This partnership cooperation relationship is not regulated in the Law Number 20 of 2008 regarding Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises or the Indonesian labour law because the Indonesian labour law only recognizes working relationships, while in the Law Number 20 of 2008 regarding Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises because the original intent of the partnership in Law No.20/2008 is very different from the partnership relationship that is currently happening between platform service providers and online transportation drivers. Then the writing of this paper uses a normative juridical method with a statutory approach and an analytical approach. The legal material obtained by the author will be analyzed using descriptive analytical analysis techniques, namely a method of analyzing legal material by determining the content or meaning of legal rules in terms of partnership cooperation relationships, as well as the Civil Code. From the results of research with the above methods, the classification of legal relationships between platform service providers and online transportation drivers as gig workers (platform workers) is classified as a partnership relationship based on the Subordinate union of partnership, namely a partnership based on the merger of two or more parties that are subordinately related
This study analyzes the partnership relationship between Online Application Transportation Service companies (JAAD) and drivers in legal sociology. The transportation service company is an association of several capital owners to create an application-based transportation business in the network (online). Its presence is not necessarily followed by the availability of adequate statutory instruments. As a result, quite complicated legal issues arise related to the weak legal protection of partners from the JAAD company. Weak legal protection can lead to social and legal precariatization of partners by citizenship. This is important considering that the partners of the In-network Application Transportation Services (JAAD) company, of whom there are millions, are citizens of the Republic of Indonesia who are under the auspices of the constitution. This study used a qualitative research method with a normative and comparative approach to a number of laws, government regulations, and ministerial regulations. In addition, the legal sociology approach was used to obtain qualitative data related to social and legal aspects of vulnerability and resistance. The results of the study showed that JAAD requires many people to earn income but the legal protection for JAAD’s corporate partners is weak, so they tend to be disadvantaged, exploited so that partners experience social, political and legal precariatization.
Rezim tenaga kerja baru telah melakukan berbagai kepengaturan yang menurunkan standar kehidupan buruh demi kepentingan akumulasi kapital. Pasar tenaga kerja fleksibel dan informalisasi pekerjaan diterapkan sebagai piranti utama dalam reorganisasi kapital bentuk baru. Kondisi seperti itu menyebarluas terutama di negara kapitalisme pinggiran dengan memanfaatkan surplus populasi relatif yang begitu melimpah, seperti yang terjadi di Pati dalam industri pakaian. Ketiadaan opsi pekerjaan layak yang dapat mengakomodasi mereka, membuat para buruh (sebagian besar perempuan) bekerja dengan upah sangat murah dan kondisi kerja yang buruk. Mereka dihisap keringatnya dengan harga murah dengan kehidupan yang serba susah, sementara para pengusaha menikmati hasil keringat mereka menjadi kekayaan yang terus terakumulasi dari hari ke hari.
By studying the fraudulent benefits of flexibility in the ride-hailing gig economy, this article explains alienation as a condition in which workers are excluded from the product, estranged, and disadvantaged. Material estrangement, an objective aspect of alienation exemplified by arbitrary distribution of income, capitalists’ exclusive access to data, and robotic communication between Uber and their drivers, has many physiological (subjective) manifestations. Dissatisfaction, powerlessness, and isolation as subjective expressions of alienation prominently shape the prospects of collective labour mobilisation by both sparking and hindering organisational potential. Additionally, the example of workers’ re-appropriation of Uber’s app against Uber explains how modern technologies serve not only as a medium to expand capitalist interests, but enhance possibilities for labour cooperation and liberation. The proposed argumentation uses the Autonomist Marxist concept of “social factory” as a meta-framework, drawing on original ethnographic and interview data on ride-hailing Uber drivers in the gig economy.
This working paper identifies some key areas of policy intervention for advancing socially sustainable and fair solutions for freelancers working in the creative industries, who are among those have suffered the most from the economic fallout of the Covid-19 pandemic.
In particular, the authors focus on those who work entirely on their own account, without employees (i.e. the ‘solo self-employed’), and who undertake project- or task-based work on a fixed-term basis. While demand for some services (e.g. ICT services, software development, digital communication, media, medical translation and audiobooks) has grown, due to their digital nature or essentiality in the post-Covid reality, other types of creative work have suffered due to increased competition, decreased demand, or because they were entirely put on hold due to the pandemic.
National government policy measures aimed at cushioning the impact of Covid-19 on workers’ livelihoods proved necessary but insufficient to guarantee long-term protection. This is because the eligibility criteria for such support measures exclude many freelancers in the creative industries. Moreover, those who have been guaranteed access to national government support are often confronted with the complexity and length of the administrative proceedings which accompany the implementation of these measures.
Finally, career development and employability are vulnerable areas for freelancers due to there being a lack of (or insufficient) national funds dedicated to these areas.
Tulisan ini bermaksud menguraikan kehidupan pekerja dalam ekosistem industri musik Indonesia yang mengalami perubahan pada masa Pandemik Covid-19. Ekosistem industri musik yang semula sangat mengandalkan ruang pertemuan fisik dan komunal harus beradaptasi dengan kebijakan pembatasan sosial akibat pandemik. Kondisi tersebut yang menarik perhatian penulis untuk mengamati dinamika kehidupan para pekerja industri musik dalam menghadapi keterbatasan tersebut. Dalam kurun waktu ditetapkannya kebijakan pembatasan sosial hingga adaptasi kebiasaan baru atau dikenal dengan new normal, penulis melakukan pengamatan terhadap kegiatan pekerja industri musik yang ditampilkan dalam beberapa platform media digital. Hasilnya, penulis menemukan geliat para pekerja industri musik Indonesia dalam menghadapi pandemik Covid-19 mencakup beberapa aspek berikut: 1) solidaritas komunal, 2) adaptasi kebiasaan, 3) eksplorasi ruang komunal digital, dan 4) masa kontemplasi dan menghasilkan karya baru. Kesimpulan dari hasil temuan tersebut, pandemik Covid-19 telah menumbuhkembangkan kembali semangat komunalitas, meski sekaligus juga menampilkan celah bagi absennya peran negara terhadap jaminan kesejahteraan pekerja industri musik yang layak. Disamping menguatnya ikatan komunalitas pekerja, keterbatasan akibat pandemik justru membuka peluang usaha lain bagi para pekerja industri musik. Terakhir, pandemik Covid-19 dapat menjadi momentum bagi era baru ekosistem industri musik Indonesia dengan kemajuan teknologi pertunjukan digital dan rilisan karya baik audio maupun video yang dapat digarap menggunakan media rekam sederhana dari rumah atau home recording.
Even though the informal labour still dominates Indonesia workforce, the trend of formal labour increases each year. BPS data shows that in 2015, the percentage of formal labor reached 42,25 percent. Then it increased to 44,28 percent in 2019. As a capital-intensive sector, formal sector supports economy of Indonesia, because it is relatively safe or less prone to shut down. However, the determination of the global pandemic status on March 11, 2020 due to Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) has hit the world economy, including Indonesia. To suppress the spread of Covid-19, people are asked to work, study, or pray from home. This causes many companies suffer losses and even close their businesses, thus impacting workers. Based on data from the Ministry of Manpower 13 April 2020 as many as 1.2 million formal labour have been furloughed and 212.4 thousand have been laid off. This study aims to observe the trends of formal labour in Indonesia and the impact of Covid-19 on formal labour in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data obtained from various sources which are analyzed descriptively.
This article aims to evaluate the working conditions of gig economy workers in Indonesia in order to understand the implications of such work for the ILO’s Decent Work Agenda. The article draws on evidence from focus groups and in-terviews with 38 ojek riders, Indonesian motorcycle taxi drivers from Jakarta, Bogor and Depok. Initial findings suggest that the interviewees chose to be ojek riders due to limited employment opportunities; they perceived that this kind of work is better than contract-based employment massively practiced by many companies in Indonesia. The findings further suggest that the Decent Work Agenda faces considerable challenges from new forms of non-employee work in the absence of a pro-active state agenda to regulate and promote the growth of waged employment.
Tulisan ini akan mengupas tentang bagaimana konsep kekuasaan dikaji oleh para pemikir seperti; Foucault, Mills, Duhl, namun juga tidak kalah menarik tulisan ini ingin menyajikan sedikit perbandingan dengan pemikiran politik Islam Ibnu Kholdun dan AL Mawardi yang juga mendeskripsikan konsep politik dan power dengan rujukan term teologis. Menjadi penting memahami konsep kekuasaan dari dua belahan peradaban dunia tersebut, apalagi dalam konteks melihat politik di Indonesia. Mengapa demikian? Karena Indonesia adalah negara dengan mayoritas penduduk Muslim, meskipun bukan negara Islam namun pemikiran Islam banyak di konsumsi oleh masyarakat maupun politisi di Indonesia. Sehingga menghadirkan dua wajah peradaban yang melahirkan pemikiran tentang kekuasaan dan demokrasi menjadi penting untuk diketengahkan.
The COVID-19 pandemic has inspired the emergence of mutual aid groups across the United States. Popularized by the philosopher Peter Kropotkin, “mutual aid” refers to the voluntary exchange of resources and services for mutual benefit. In this century, mutual aid is more commonly identified with community-led recovery efforts in the wake of natural disasters. Post-pandemic mutual aid groups are notable due to their locally-isolated nature, use of digital tools and networks as a first resort, and the possibility of building more durable organization for future crises. This chapter provides a snapshot of post-pandemic mutual aid efforts, highlights their unique features, raises questions about their use of technology, and suggests future trajectories of these groups in the face of diminished government capacity and mounting natural and economic disasters.
This essay discusses the discursive shift in the idealized youth citizenship in Indonesia and recent instances that demonstrate the state's ambivalent treatments of its youth as exemplified with the millennial aides and the government's lack of support to its young labour force during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. I propose that the pandemic has further established uncertainty and insecurity as the "normal" in young people's lives. This essay looks into the "politics of survival" imposed on Indonesian youth and discusses the multiple, ongoing, and developing crises that reveal the imaginations of the state and its governance of the ideal youth citizen.