Chapter

Interdisziplinarität und Experimentalisierung als Chance für die „STS“?: Über die Entwicklung einer gestaltungsbasierten Forschungsmethodik

December 2020

DOI:10.1515/9783839443798-004

In book: Wie forschen mit den »Science and Technology Studies«? (pp.81-108)

Authors:

Séverine Marguin

Technische Universität Berlin

Henrike Rabe

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ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Article

MODELOS DE EDUCAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS EM MUSEUS: ANÁLISE DA VISITA ORIENTADA

January 1970

Resumo

O artigo identifica modelos de educação em ciências que fundamentam as visitas orientadas realizadas em dois museus: o zoológico Quinzinho de Barros, em Sorocaba/SP, e o Museu de Zoologia da USP/SP. A pesquisa qualitativa foi feita a partir do levantamento e análise de documentos e entrevistas oriundos dos mestra-dos de Garcia (2006) e Martins (2006). Os resultados indicam que o modelo ... [Show full abstract] predomi-nante em ambas as instituições é o construtivista. Em menor grau aparecem os mo-delos de redescoberta, CTS, tradicional e tecnicista. No entanto, em ambas as insti-tuições, aspectos referentes a quase todos os modelos são evidenciados, o que levanta questionamentos sobre até que ponto os museus assumem, de forma consistente, determinadas concepções pedagógicas em suas ações educativas. Palavras-chave: museus de ciência, modelos de educação em ciência, tendências educacionais, educação em museus SCIENCE EDUCATION MODELS IN MUSEUMS: ANALYSIS OF GUIDED TOURS ABSTRACT: The paper identifies science education models raised as references in gui-de tours in two museums: Quinzinho de Barros Zoo/Sorocaba and the Zoology Mu-seum/USP/São Paulo. The research methodology was qualitative, from the collec-tion and analysis of documents and interviews taken from Garcia (2006) and Martins (2006) Master's degree. Results point that the predominant science education model in both institutions is constructivist. In a lesser degree, rediscover, STS, traditional and technicist models were present. We do note, however, that in both institutions, as-pects related to nearly every model are made evident. Such references raise queries about to what degree museums assume, in a consistent way, particular pedagogical conceptions in their educational activities.

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SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİMİ ÜZERİNE ÇOK KRİTERLİ KARAR VERME YAKLAŞIMLARI: BİR LİTERATÜR ARAŞTIR...

March 2020

Ahmet Doğan

Within the realities of the 21st century, businesses are expected to make the sustainability approach a principle to be applied in all operational processes. Because of political and economic reasons, enterprises are more inclined to outsourcing, which is one of these operational processes. One of the most important areas of outsourcing is supplier selection.The aim of this paper is to make an ... [Show full abstract] analysis of this field through the review of national and international literature published on 2010-2018 on multi-criteria decision making approaches on sustainable supplier selection (SSS). In this context, firstly research methodology was determined and as a result of this methodology 48 articles were included in the study. These articles were evaluated by frequency analysis in terms of distribution of articles by year of publication, sectoral distribution of application areas, countries where SSS applications were made, distribution of methods and distribution of departments of authors in SSS literature. As a result of the literature on SSS , the interest on sustainability has increased significantly in the last five years. 21. yüzyılın getirdiği gerçeklerle birlikte işletmelerden beklenen, sürdürülebilirlik yaklaşımını tüm operasyonel süreçlerde uygulanmak üzere ilke haline getirmeleridir. Politik ve ekonomik nedenlerden dolayı işletmeler bu operasyonel süreçlerden biri olan dış kaynak kullanımına daha fazla yönelmektedirler. Dış kaynak kullanımının en önemli alanlarından birini ise tedarikçi seçimi oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sürdürülebilir tedarikçi seçimi (STS) üzerine çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımları ile ilgili 2010-2018 yıllarını arasında yayınlanan ulusal ve uluslararası literatürün incelenmesi aracılığıyla bu alana yönelik bir analiz yapmaktır. Bu kapsamda, öncelikle araştırma metodolojisi belirlenmiş, bu metodoloji sonucunda 48 makale çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Belirlenen makalelerin, yıllara göre dağılımı, uygulama alanlarının sektörel dağılımı, STS uygulamalarının yapıldığı ülkeler, kullanılan yöntemlerin dağılımı ve STS literatüründe yer alan yazarların bölümlerinin dağılımı frekans analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen araştırmalardan sürdürülebilirlik konusuna olan ilginin 2010-2018 yıllarını arasında önemli oranda arttığı sonucu elde edilmiştir.

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Article

The Study of the Future: An Agenda for Research

January 1977

Wayne Boucher

This collection of 18 papers is concerned with the beliefs, methods, practices, and results associated with the type of forecasting which has become known in the last 10 to 15 years as "futures research." Topics discussed include: (1) forecasting methodology; (2) the validity of forecasting systems; (3) unforeseen developments; (4) forecasting in political science, sociology, technology, and ... [Show full abstract] economics; (5) normative forecasting; (6) forecasting for decisionmaking and policymaking; (7) professional issues in forecasting research; and (8) the future of futures research. Results of a survey of current forecasting efforts and a bibliography are appended. (Author/STS)

Thesis

From Participation to Differentiation: A Framework for Re-Designing a Socio-Technical System

December 2015

Victoria Townsend

Engineers are responsible for re-designing socio-technical systems (STSs). At the same time, the current literature on engineering re-design methodology is predominantly oriented towards technical artefacts. This methodology is not directly transferable to STSs, since STSs differ in the role of workers operating the system in collective activity. Accordingly, the central question of this ... [Show full abstract] dissertation is: How can engaging STS operators as participants in re-designing an assembly production system develop an approach for re-designing STSs that operationalizes human value and potential? To this aim, this dissertation develops a framework for re-designing a STS. This framework is developed with design research methodology and grounded theory, modeling the re-design of an industrial assemble-to-order production system (a socio-technical system archetype) with 32 participants. The model consists of seven steps – ethical considerations for participation, emic problem analysis, emic system modeling, collective creativity, differentiated designs, emic problem evaluation, and emic system evaluation. The model and its supporting mechanisms make the following research contributions. (1) A developed roadmap of ethical considerations invites STS operators to take part in re-design with a basis of trust between researchers/engineers/designers and participants. (2) The developed investigative approaches for STS problem analysis and system modeling engage participants to define reference models and success criteria that guide the re-design process, including re-design foci. The reference models and success criteria before vs. after the re-design intervention are also compared to evaluate the re-design impact and experience, informing future re-design. (3) The developed model of OPEN collective creativity, from a co-design activity, engages participants in transforming the re-design foci into differentiated, contextualized designs. The non-linear model centralizes OPEN actions (opportunities, problems, enquiries/questions, and needs) between concept and detail ideas, integrating problem solving and inquiry with collaboration. These research contributions engage STS operators as participants in operationalizing human value across the developed model for re-designing a STS. Future research is proposed to assess the limitations of the proposed re-design framework and to examine its transferability for broader research and practice in re-designing STSs.

Article

Mapping Knowledge Controversies: Science, Democracy and the Redistribution of Expertise

September 2009 · Progress in Human Geography

Sarah Whatmore

Reflecting on conversations between geography and science and technology studies (STS) over the last 15 years or so, this paper addresses their shared interest in knowledge controversies as generative political events. It explores how such events give rise to new ways of practising relations between science and democracy focusing on the case of environmental knowledge claims and technologies. ... [Show full abstract] This exploration interrogates three mobilizations of environmental knowledge controversies that have different implications for redistributing expertise, including that of (social) scientists, in the composition of knowledge polities. The first version sets out to map the language commitments of contributors to a controversy with the aim of enabling interested citizens to trace the ‘partisanship’ of scientific knowledge claims. The second is also a cartographic exercise designed to teach students how to account for the political force of technoscientific controversies by mapping the intense entanglements of scientific knowledge claims with legal, moral, economic and social concerns on the web. The third is concerned less with mapping knowledge controversies from an analytical distance than with an experimental research methodology that sets out to intervene in extant controversies in ways that map researchers’ own knowledge claims into what is at stake.

Article

From collective intelligence to collective intelligence systemS: Definitions and a semi-structured m...

September 2013 · International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems

Collective intelligence (CI) has become a popular research topic over the past few years. However, the CI debate suffers from several problems such as that there is no unanimously agreed-upon definition of CI that clearly differentiates between CI and related terms such as swarm intelligence (SI) and collective intelligence systems (CIS). Further-more, a model of such CIS is lacking for purposes ... [Show full abstract] of research and the design of new CIS. This paper aims at untangling the definitions of CI and other related terms, especially CIS, and at providing a semi-structured model of CIS as a first step towards more structured research. The authors of this paper argue that CI can be defined as the ability of sufficiently large groups of individuals to create an emergent solution for a specific class of problems or tasks. The authors show that other alleged properties of CI which are not covered by this definition, are, in fact, properties of CIS and can be understood by regarding CIS as complex socio-technical systems (STS) that enable the realization of CI. The model defined in this article serves as a means to structure open questions in CIS research and helps to understand which research methodology is adequate for different aspects of CIS.

Interdisziplinarität und Experimentalisierung als Chance für die „STS“?: Über die Entwicklung einer gestaltungsbasierten Forschungsmethodik

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