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What is a “second peak paper”?
● Most papers reads “peak” just after publication. Thereafter the papers reads fall and flatten
out. Some peak now and then for unknown reasons
●We started noticing that papers related to SARS-CoV-2 and/or SARS more generally,
previous research, cited papers, furin cleavage sites, TMPRSS2, research on mice, porcine
coronavirus etc.; peaked sometime from late 2018 to end of 2019, i.e. before the COVID-19
outbreak (“the findings”)
●On the following slides we will present the findings in an aggregated overview, with the area
of interest expanded, some observations, and then per paper
●We wonder who downloaded these papers, where were they, and why did they download the
papers? Is this relevant and maybe significant?
●What do you think? Is it random noise, or echoes of a research project?
Aggregated overview
All papers included
Area of interest is the reads from third
quarter 2018 to Dec’19
Area of interest expanded
Six main observations
Abstracts high and fluctuating, falling to a “square
bottom anti-peak” from Dec’18 to May’19
Low reads in line with the previous time
period for these papers
Uptake and 1st
plateau
2nd plateau
3rd plateau
Rapid decline
Chronology/synchronicity of paper reads
Chronology/synchronicity observations
Low reads in line with the previous time
period for these papers
Uptake and 1st
plateau
2nd plateau
3rd plateau
Rapid decline
Sparkline overview all papers
Papers included
#
List of papers included (papers in red dropped due to few reads)
1
Enhanced Virulence Mediated by the Murine Coronavirus, Mouse Hepatitis Virus Strain JHM, Is Associated with a Glycine at Resi
due 310 of the Spike Glycoprotein
2
A Single Amino Acid at the Hemagglutinin Cleavage Site Contributes to the Pathogenicity but Not the Transmission of Egyptian
Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus in Chickens
3
Recombinant Receptor
-Binding Domains of Multiple Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses (MERS-CoVs) Induce Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies against Divergent Human and Camel
MERS
-CoVs and Antibody Escape Mutants
4
A Single Point Mutation Creating a Furin Cleavage Site in the Spike Protein Renders Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Coronavirus Try
psin Independent for Cell Entry and Fusion
5
Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Bat Coronavirus Closely Related to the Direct Progenitor of Severe Acute Respirator
y Syndrome Coronavirus
6
Discovery of Novel Bat Coronaviruses in South China That Use the Same Receptor as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviru
s
7
Cleavage of Group 1 Coronavirus Spike Proteins: How Furin Cleavage Is Traded Off against Heparan Sulfate Binding upon Cell Cu
lture Adaptation
8
Preventing Cleavage of the Respiratory Syncytial Virus Attachment Protein in Vero Cells Rescues the Infectivity of Progeny Vi
rus for Primary Human Airway Cultures
9
A Polymorphism within the Internal Fusion Loop of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Modulates Host Cell Entry
10
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Protein 6 Accelerates Murine Coronavirus Infections
11
Systematic Assembly of a Full
-Length Infectious cDNA of Mouse Hepatitis Virus Strain A59
12
Receptor Usage and Cell Entry of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Coronavirus
13
Viral Expression of CCL2 Is Sufficient To Induce Demyelination in RAG1−/− Mice Infected with a Neurotropic Coronavirus
14
Receptor Variation and Susceptibility to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
15
Receptor Recognition Mechanisms of Coronaviruses: a Decade of Structural Studies
16
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection Causes Neuronal Death in the Absence of Encephalitis in Mice Transgen
ic for Human ACE2
17
Switching Species Tropism: an Effective Way To Manipulate the Feline Coronavirus Genome
18
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus ORF8 Protein Is Acquired from SARS
-Related Coronavirus from Greater Horseshoe Bats through Recombination
19
The Coronavirus Spike Protein Is a Class I Virus Fusion Protein: Structural and Functional Characterization of the Fusion Cor
e Complex
20
Structural Characterization of Human Coronavirus NL63 N Protein
21
Receptor Variation and Susceptibility to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
22
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Nonstructural Protein 16 Is Necessary for Interferon Resistance and Viral Pathog
enesis
23
A Mouse Model for Betacoronavirus Subgroup 2c Using a Bat Coronavirus Strain HKU5 Variant
24
Human Coronavirus EMC Does Not Require the SARS
-Coronavirus Receptor and Maintains Broad Replicative Capability in Mammalian Cell Lines
25
Tight Junction Protein Occludin Is a Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Entry Factor
Paper 1
Paper 2
Paper 3
Paper 4
Paper 5
Paper 6
Paper 7
Paper 8
Dropped due to few reads
Paper 9
Paper 10
Paper 11
Dropped due to few reads
Paper 12
Paper 13
Paper 14
Paper 15
Paper 16
Paper 17
Dropped due to few reads
Paper 18
Paper 19
Paper 20
Paper 21
Paper 22
Paper 23
Paper 24
Paper 25
Paper 26
Paper 27
Paper 28
Paper 29
Paper 30
Paper 31
Paper 32
Paper 33
Paper 35
Paper 36
About the data
● All data downloaded through Google Sheet’s IMPORTHTML function
●Very limited manual handling of the data
● Aggregated data structured using Google Sheet’s Pivot Table
●JVI/ASM has since June 1, 2021 changed the website and detailed data are
no longer available publicly
●All data is used here is available for review at this link as downloaded June 1,
2021
●Title is given as per the journal that is publishing the paper
● Reference is given to the publisher’s website where the data was collected
Thank you for your attention!