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Experiences of Public Health Inspectors of Sri Lanka as front liners battling COVID-19 Pandemic
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The present study among 158 primary school teachers in C roatia integrated the challenge‐hindrance stressor framework in job demands–resources ( JD – R ) theory. We hypothesized that hindrance job demands would be negatively related to well‐being and that job resources could buffer this relationship. In addition, we hypothesized that challenge job demands would be positively related to well‐being and that job resources would boost this relationship. The study employed a quantitative daily diary methodology. Teachers filled out a background questionnaire and a daily diary booklet for three to five consecutive workdays ( N = 438 occasions). Results of multilevel analyses showed that daily hindrance job demands had a negative relationship with daily positive affect and work engagement. Daily job resources buffered this relationship. In contrast, daily challenge job demands had a positive relationship with positive affect and work engagement. Daily job resources boosted this relationship. We discuss the implications of these findings for JD – R theory and practice.
Practitioner points
High daily job resources foster employee's daily work engagement and positive affect at work particularly when daily challenge demands are high.
High daily job resources buffer the negative impact of high daily hindrance demands on daily work engagement and positive affect at work.
Guidelines are proposed to enhance teachers' and school principals' education and training, as well to contribute to the more optimal workplace design for teachers.
Thematic analysis is a poorly demarcated, rarely acknowledged, yet widely used qualitative analytic method within psychology. In this paper, we argue that it offers an accessible and theoretically flexible approach to analysing qualitative data. We outline what thematic analysis is, locating it in relation to other qualitative analytic methods that search for themes or patterns, and in relation to different epistemological and ontological positions. We then provide clear guidelines to those wanting to start thematic analysis, or conduct it in a more deliberate and rigorous way, and consider potential pitfalls in conducting thematic analysis. Finally, we outline the disadvantages and advantages of thematic analysis. We conclude by advocating thematic analysis as a useful and flexible method for qualitative research in and beyond psychology.
Background:
Cost containment pressures underscore the need to better understand how nursing resources can be optimally configured.
Objectives:
To obtain a snapshot of European nurses' assessments of their hospital work environments and quality of care in order to identify promising strategies to retain nurses in hospital practice and to avoid quality of care erosions related to cost containment.
Design:
Cross sectional surveys of 33,659 hospital medical-surgical nurses in 12 European countries.
Setting:
Surveyed nurses provided care in 488 hospitals in Belgium, England, Finland, Germany, Greece, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland.
Participants:
All nurses were surveyed from medical-surgical units 30 or more hospitals from geographically representative samples of hospitals in each country, except for Ireland and Norway, where all hospitals were selected, and Sweden, where nearly all hospitals were included by sampling all medical-surgical nurses who were members of the Swedish Nursing Association.
Methods:
Percentages are provided for each of the nurse and hospital characteristics reported.
Results:
There was wide variation across countries in the percentages of hospital nurses that were bachelor's prepared (range 0-100%), in patient to nurse average workloads (3.7-10.2) and skill mix (54-82% nurses). More than one in five nurses (11-56%) were dissatisfied with their jobs in most countries, and dissatisfaction was pronounced with respect to wages, educational opportunities and opportunities for advancement. Sizable percentages (19-49%) of nurses intended to leave their jobs, though the percentage that thought it would be easy to find another job varied greatly across countries (16-77%). Nurse concerns with workforce management and adequate resources were widespread. While most nurses did not give their hospitals poor grades on patient safety, many doubted that safety was a management priority. Nurses reported that important nursing tasks were often left undone because of lack of time, and indicated that adverse events were not uncommon.
Conclusions:
Nurse shortages can be expected when national economies improve unless hospital work environments improve. Wide variation in nurse staffing and skill mix suggests a lack of evidence-based decision making. Additional research is warranted on the impact of these variations in nurse resources on patient outcomes.
PHIs explain decision to step away from COVID-19 control duties
- Colombo Page
Colombo Page. (2020). PHIs explain decision to step away from COVID-19 control duties.
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