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Quest-Based Learning: A Scoping Review of the Research Literature
Abstract
Quest-based learning (QBL) is a choice-driven approach that integrates game elements in a gamified or game-based learning environment. A scoping review of the research literature was conducted to examine the extent, range and nature of the QBL research activity, how the approach has been used in educational practice and what benefits or disadvantages have been reported. A sample of 17 journal articles and papers published from 2009 through 2020 were reviewed. Researchers studied the feasibility of implementing QBL in real-world learning environments (e.g., classrooms), how to design the quest structure or framework and how motivation is influenced by the choice-driven system of QBL. Benefits reported in the research include positive student response to the approach, flexible learning paths and options to revise and improve work. Disadvantages include mixed results for motivation, substantial time investment for teachers and challenges for students that include issues with time management, frustration with QBL design, limited social interaction and mixed perceptions of the merits of game elements in QBL design.
Teachers are gatekeepers of technology integration in the classroom. Pre-service teachers’ attitudes, confidence, and competence in exploring emerging technologies play a critical role in teachers’ adoption of technology in teaching. This study examined the effects of a gamified technology course on pre-service teachers’ confidence, intention, and motivation in integrating technology into teaching. A sample of pre-service teachers (N = 84) at a Midwestern university in the United States in the academic year of 2021–22 was surveyed. The regression results revealed that the gamified course significantly and positively influenced pre-service teachers’ confidence in using technology in education, intention to adopt gamification, and motivation to explore more emerging technologies for teaching, after controlling for gender. In contrast, gender did not affect pre-service teachers’ confidence, intention, and motivation in integrating technology into instruction after controlling for the gamified course effects. Suggestions on gamifying course design while leveraging quest-based learning and active learning principles to enhance student positive attitudes and motivation to explore technology integration are discussed.
Objective:
The objective of this paper is to describe the updated methodological guidance for conducting a JBI scoping review, with a focus on new updates to the approach and development of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (the PRISMA-ScR).
Introduction:
Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to informing decision-making and research based on the identification and examination of the literature on a given topic or issue. Scoping reviews draw on evidence from any research methodology and may also include evidence from non-research sources, such as policy. In this manner, scoping reviews provide a comprehensive overview to address broader review questions than traditionally more specific systematic reviews of effectiveness or qualitative evidence. The increasing popularity of scoping reviews has been accompanied by the development of a reporting guideline: the PRISMA-ScR. In 2014, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group developed guidance for scoping reviews that received minor updates in 2017 and was most recently updated in 2020. The updates reflect ongoing and substantial developments in approaches to scoping review conduct and reporting. As such, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group recognized the need to revise the guidance to align with the current state of knowledge and reporting standards in evidence synthesis.
Methods:
Between 2015 and 2020, the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group expanded its membership; extensively reviewed the literature; engaged via annual face-to-face meetings, regular teleconferences, and email correspondence; sought advice from methodological experts; facilitated workshops; and presented at scientific conferences. This process led to updated guidance for scoping reviews published in the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis. The updated chapter was endorsed by JBI's International Scientific Committee in 2020.
Results:
The updated JBI guidance for scoping reviews includes additional guidance on several methodological issues, such as when a scoping review is (or is not) appropriate, and how to extract, analyze, and present results, and provides clarification for implications for practice and research. Furthermore, it is aligned with the PRISMA-ScR to ensure consistent reporting.
Conclusions:
The latest JBI guidance for scoping reviews provides up-to-date guidance that can be used by authors when conducting a scoping review. Furthermore, it aligns with the PRISMA-ScR, which can be used to report the conduct of a scoping review. A series of ongoing and future methodological projects identified by the JBI Scoping Review Methodology Group to further refine the methodology are planned.
Serious Pervasive Games extend the magic circle (Huizinga, 1938) to the players' context and surrounding environment. The blend of both physical and fictive game worlds provides a push in player engagement and promotes situated learning approaches. Space and time, as well as social context, acquire a more meaningful impact on the gameplay. From pervasive learning towards science communication with location-based games, this article presents research and case studies that exemplify their benefits and related problems. Pervasive learning can be defined as “learning at the speed of need through formal, informal and social learning modalities” (Pontefract, 2013). The first case study—the BEACONING project—aims to contextualize the teaching and learning process, connecting it with problem-based game mechanics within STEM. The main goal of this project is to provide the missing connection between STEM subjects and real-world interactions and applications. The pedagogical foundation is supported on problem-based learning (PBL), in which active learning is in the center, and learners have to work with different tools and resources in order to solve problems (quests). Teachers create, facilitate, and assess pervasive and gamified learning activities (missions). Furthermore, these quests are gamified in order to provide non-linear game plots. In a second case study, we demonstrate and evaluate how natural heritage can benefit from pervasive games. This study is based on a set of location-based games for an existing natural park, which have been developed in order to provide enhanced experiences, as well as additional information about some species that are more difficult to observe or that are seasonal. Throughout the research and development of these projects, we have encountered and identified several problems, of different nature, present in pervasive games.
This article examines gamification literature on education since 2011. Using highlighted themes from Kirriemuir and McFarlane's review on games and education as a starting point, the study identified 32 published papers. Furthermore, the study evaluated and identified previous conceptual and methodological approaches for evaluating gamifica-tion in education research. Using the identifying themes, the study discusses the development and use of gamification in education (Theme I), the application of gamification in education (Theme II), and the impact of gamification in education (Theme III) and propose that there is increased gamification and game elements research activities bridging the idea of gamified information systems in education and offering interesting opportunities for future research. The study concludes with future research directions for gamification in education.
Scoping reviews, a type of knowledge synthesis, follow a systematic approach to map evidence on a topic and identify main concepts, theories, sources, and knowledge gaps. Although more scoping reviews are being done, their methodological and reporting quality need improvement. This document presents the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist and explanation. The checklist was developed by a 24-member expert panel and 2 research leads following published guidance from the EQUATOR (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) Network. The final checklist contains 20 essential reporting items and 2 optional items. The authors provide a rationale and an example of good reporting for each item. The intent of the PRISMA-ScR is to help readers (including researchers, publishers, commissioners, policymakers, health care providers, guideline developers, and patients or consumers) develop a greater understanding of relevant terminology, core concepts, and key items to report for scoping reviews.
While a literature review is a necessary milestone to be completed by all researchers in a timely and efficient manner, it is often one of the most difficult aspects of the research journey. Moreover, traditional approaches often leave novice researchers, to struggle with the conceptualisation of their literature review, now complicated by the overwhelming quantity of research available online. This paper presents a rationale the use of Qualitative Data Analysis Software (QDAS) programs for literature reviews. QDAS tools allow the researcher to explore large amounts of textual documents to see patterns. These programs are often overlooked by novice researchers due to their complexity and the lack of expertise provided to assist them. To combat this dilemma our paper outlines the N7+1 approach to using Nvivo11™ for literature reviews. Through this approach researchers can develop an “auditable footprint,” keep everything in one place, and go paperless.
Gamification refers to the use of gaming elements to enhance user experience and engagement in non-gaming systems. In this paper we report the design and implementation of two higher education courses in which ludic elements were used to enhance the quality of the learning experience. A game can be regarded as a system of organised gameplay activities, and a course can be regarded as a system of organised learning activities. Leveraging this analogy, analysing games can provide valuable insights to organise learning activities within a learning experience. We examined a sample of successful commercial games to identify patterns of organisation of gameplay activities that could be applied to a course design. Five patterns were identified: quest structure, strategic open-endedness, non-linear progression, orientation, and challenge-based reward. These patterns were then used to define the instructional design of the courses. As a result, courses were organised as systems of quests that could be tackled through different strategies and in a non-linear way. Students received frequent feedback and were rewarded according to the challenges chosen, based on mechanics common in quest-based games. The courses involved two lecturers and 70 students. Learning journals were used throughout the term to collect data regarding student perceptions on the clarity and usefulness of the gamified approach, level of motivation and engagement in the courses, and relevance of the activities proposed. Results show that students felt challenged by the activities proposed and motivated to complete them, despite considering most activities as difficult. Students adopted different cognitive and behavioural strategies to cope with the courses' demands. They had to define their own team project, defining the objectives, managing their times and coordinating task completion. The regular and frequent provision of feedback was highly appreciated. A sense of mastery was promoted and final achievement was positively impacted by the gamified strategy.
As a medium for learning, digital games provide promising possibilities to motivate and engage students in subject learning. In this study, a game-based learning system, My-Pet-My-Quest, is developed to support pupils' math learning. This is due to the fact that most students in Taiwan have relatively lower positive attitude towards math learning, even though their math performance is prominent. To this end, a three-tire framework is proposed to guide the design of the My-Pet-My-Quest system. A quasi-experiment was conducted to examine the influence of game quests on pupils' enjoyment and goal-pursuing in math learning. The results revealed that game quests were favored by students in terms of enjoyment, goal orientation, and goal intensity. Possible reasons for these results and a discussion of related issues are presented in this paper.
Increased disengagement of the current generation of postsecondary students (sometimes referred as “net generation”) from traditional instruction coupled with on-going popularity of games and mobile technologies have prompted interest in game-based learning in education. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the viability of a mobile game-based learning quest, based on the Questogo platform (website and mobile app) in an undergraduate Forest Ecology course offered at the University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver. The disturbance ecology (DE) quest was designed as a self- study activity that supports field-based laboratory sections of the course. The quest included instructional, location-based, and question- and answer-type of tasks that tested students’ knowledge of forest and disturbance ecology in an outdoor setting. After completing the DE quest, students provided feedback via an online survey. The majority of students found the DE quest to be a useful self-study tool, with 81% of respondents indicating that they were able to successfully engage with the mobile game-based learning technology. Sixty-six percent of the students would like to also see quests incorporated into other courses and 28% would like to have additional quests in the Forest Ecology course. This study provides a framework for incorporating mobile game-based learning into outdoor learning activities that offer students an engaging self-study educational experience.
In this paper, we describe a My-Pet-My-Quest system to help students establish their learning goals. Digital games often provide students with more controls and clear goals. Therefore, when learning tasks can be integrated with a game structure as a motivating educational environment, students might learn better and with more joyfulness. The My-Pet-My-Quest system that adopts quests to integrate a game structure with a series of learning tasks is proposed to this end. A preliminary experiment was conducted in two elementary classes to assess the quest design. The result reveals that game quest had a positive perception in terms of enjoyment, goal content, goal intensity, and feedbacks. Meanwhile, game quest also stimulated students to attempt more learning tasks..
Computer role-playing games (CRPGs) have strong narratives, but in general lack interesting and meaningful choices for the player within the story. As a result, the stories are not playable. In this paper we present an existence proof for a new approach to CRPG stories that addresses this, while providing details of our implementation. We designed and created a new playable experience, Mismanor, to test our theories of playable stories. We discuss the design decisions made as well as the details of the CiF-RPG and GrailGM systems used for complex quest generation and story management based on player's traits and the social state of the game world.
Four studies apply self-determination theory (SDT; Ryan & Deci, 2000) in investigating motivation for computer game play,
and the effects of game play on well-being. Studies 1–3 examine individuals playing 1, 2 and 4 games, respectively and show
that perceived in-game autonomy and competence are associated with game enjoyment, preferences, and changes in well-being
pre- to post-play. Competence and autonomy perceptions are also related to the intuitive nature of game controls, and the
sense of presence or immersion in participants’ game play experiences. Study 4 surveys an on-line community with experience
in multi-player games. Results show that SDT’s theorized needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness independently predict
enjoyment and future game play. The SDT model is also compared with Yee’s (2005) motivation taxonomy of game play motivations.
Results are discussed in terms of the relatively unexplored landscape of human motivation within virtual worlds.
During the past two decades, the popularity of computer and video games has prompted games to become a source of study for
educational researchers and instructional designers investigating how various aspects of game design might be appropriated,
borrowed, and re-purposed for the design of educational materials. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of
how the structure in massively multiple online role-playing games (MMORPGs) might inform the design of interactive learning
and game-based learning environments by looking at the elements which support intrinsic motivation. Specifically, this analysis
presents (a) an overview of the two primary elements in MMORPGs game design: character design and narrative environment, (b)
a discussion of intrinsic motivation in character role-playing, (c) a discussion of intrinsic motivational supports and cognitive
support of the narrative structure of small quests, and (d) a discussion of how the narrative structure of MMORPGs might foster
learning in various types of knowledge.
Systematic reviews use a transparent and systematic process to define a research question, search for studies, assess their quality and synthesize findings qualitatively or quantitatively. A crucial step in the systematic review process is to thoroughly define the scope of the research question. This requires an understanding of existing literature , including gaps and uncertainties, clarification of definitions related to the research question and an understanding of the way in which these are conceptualized within existing literature. This information is often acquired in an ad hoc fashion, however a useful and increasingly popular way to collect and organize important background information and develop a picture of the existing evidence base is to conduct a scoping review. Such reviews may be published as a research outcome in their own right and are appealing since they produce a broad map of the evidence that, if sufficiently transparent and widely available via publication, can be used by many and for applications beyond the authors originally intended purpose. Scoping reviews can inform a systematic review, particularly one with a very broad topic scope, such as those edited by the Cochrane Public Health Group.
The design of role-playing games (RPGs) is very complex, involving an intricate interweaving of narrative, quest design, and level design. As an important means for conveying the game"s story, quests dictate the setting and contents of levels. Levels provide challenges for the player to overcome in the service of completing quests, and their structure can invite the inclusion of certain kinds of quests. This paper presents an analysis of design patterns present in existing RPGs that aims to better understand such relationships. These patterns identify common design practices for quests and levels at many different levels of granularity.
The popularity of massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs) has grown enormously, with communities of players reaching into the millions. Their fantasy narratives present multiple challenges created by the virtual environment and/or other players. The games ’ potential for education stems from the fact that players are immersed in a virtual world where they have the opportunity to manipulate and explore, thus motivating the construction of knowledge. The interaction and collaboration between participants allows students to exchange information, test their understanding and reflect on what they have learned. Given the promising results of using MMORPG technologies for educational purposes, this paper translates the multiplayer role playing game (MRPG) aspect, the essential concept behind MMORPGs, into the classroom context. We present the abstraction behind a Classroom Multiplayer Presential Role Playing Game (CMPRPG) and the development of a CMPRPG for teaching ecology. The game has a quest structure in which each result highlights a key teaching objective. It is implemented at a high level, with interaction between reusable game elements defined using triggers. It is observed that the implemented CMPRPG has appropriate usability levels, benefits the learning and application of the concepts of ecology and, in the interactive dimensions, it encourages participation and collaborative narrative structures among participants.
Scoping studies are an increasingly popular approach to reviewing health research evidence. In 2005, Arksey and O'Malley published the first methodological framework for conducting scoping studies. While this framework provides an excellent foundation for scoping study methodology, further clarifying and enhancing this framework will help support the consistency with which authors undertake and report scoping studies and may encourage researchers and clinicians to engage in this process.
We build upon our experiences conducting three scoping studies using the Arksey and O'Malley methodology to propose recommendations that clarify and enhance each stage of the framework. Recommendations include: clarifying and linking the purpose and research question (stage one); balancing feasibility with breadth and comprehensiveness of the scoping process (stage two); using an iterative team approach to selecting studies (stage three) and extracting data (stage four); incorporating a numerical summary and qualitative thematic analysis, reporting results, and considering the implications of study findings to policy, practice, or research (stage five); and incorporating consultation with stakeholders as a required knowledge translation component of scoping study methodology (stage six). Lastly, we propose additional considerations for scoping study methodology in order to support the advancement, application and relevance of scoping studies in health research.
Specific recommendations to clarify and enhance this methodology are outlined for each stage of the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Continued debate and development about scoping study methodology will help to maximize the usefulness and rigor of scoping study findings within healthcare research and practice.
A focus on disciplinary literacy may hold promise for increasing student engagement and achievement. This chapter focuses on the use of the "quest" (a mechanic common in video games) as a means to increase learner agency, engagement, and motivation. Quests may further be beneficial in developing the disciplinary literacy of students, due to their highly contextualized interactive narratives that allow for student role-playing, and the development of problem-solving skills and discipline-specific habits of mind (e.g., what does it mean to work, think, and communicate like a historian, mathematician, or scientists, etc.?). A variety of tools for implementing quest-based learning are examined, as well as ways in which the quest mechanic is being used in the design of instructional sequences in the digital app Adventure Academy, an educational massively multiplayer online (MMO) video game, in order to develop disciplinary literacy.
Gamification research in educational settings has produced mixed results on student learning outcomes. Educational researchers and practitioners both struggle with identifying when, where, and how to use gamification design concepts. The present study provides findings from a meta-analysis that integrated the empirical, quantitative research on gamification in formal educational settings on student learning outcomes. This was achieved by examining the overall effect size, identifying which gamification design elements (e.g., badges) were used, and determining under what circumstances (e.g., engineering education) gamification works. The final corpus of data included 30 independent studies and associated effect sizes comparing gamification to non-gamification conditions while accounting for N = 3083 participants. The overall effect size using a random-effects model is g = .464 [.244 to .684] in favor of the gamification condition, which is a small to medium effect size. We examined 14 different gamification design elements (e.g., leaderboards) and showed that each leads to different effects on student learning outcomes. Further, the type of publication (e.g., journal article), student classification (e.g., undergraduate), and subject area (e.g., mathematics) are also investigated as moderators. We provide a discussion of our findings, some recommendations for future research, and some brief closing remarks.
This paper describes a narrative-based design framework that organizes three narrative elements (i.e., storyline, character, and quest) to support a contextual game-based environment for language learning. Using this design framework, a PlanetAdventure system was developed to examine its feasibility and its effects on student language learning. A case study with 61 college students who used the game-based system to learn English vocabulary words was conducted. The findings revealed that their learning achievement was enhanced after using the system. The majority of the students favored the game-based learning experience. Based on these data and behavior logs, the students can be sorted into three clusters with different learning patterns. The findings and implications of developing contextual game-based learning environments are also discussed. © International Forum of Educational Technology & Society (IFETS).
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351804721
We all learn and educate others in our own unique ways. Successful educational games adapt to the particular learning needs of their players and facilitate the learning objectives of their designers.
Educational Game Design Fundamentals embarks on a journey to explore the necessary aspects to create games that are both fun and help players learn. This book examines the art of educational game design through various perspectives and presents real examples that will help readers make more informed decisions when creating their own games. In this way, readers can have a better idea of how to prepare for and organize the design of their educational games, as well as evaluate their ideas through several prisms, such as feasibility or learning and intrinsic values.
Everybody can become education game designers, no matter what their technical, artistic or pedagogic backgrounds. This book refers to educators and designers of all sorts: from kindergarten to lifelong learning, from corporate training to museum curators and from tabletop or video game designers to theme park creators!
This book walks readers through the process of turning a class into a curricular game. This way teachers can co-opt the pedagogical techniques of video games such as immersion, just-in-time feedback, and leveling up instead of competing with them. This manual provides a step-by-step process that guides teachers through designing their own curricular game at their level of technological expertise by showing readers how to do so without any technology or by repurposing tech tools familiar to most readers, thus allowing all readers to get their game on!
Purpose
– This study aims to review the development of six iterations of a master’s level course between the summers of 2013 and 2015, with a particular focus on the use of optional quests to engage and motivate student learning.
Design/methodology/approach
– The comparative case study analysis draws on design-based research theory to consider learner activity, perceptions and commentary on course design.
Findings
– Findings show students consistently exceeding expectations in the classroom, creating their own assignments, accepting custom challenges and, on average, sustaining a high regard for the learning process and format.
Practical implications
– Positive results appear using free and available tools that can be adopted in any classroom setting.
Originality/value
– Given the degree of voluntary engagement with course content, this local set of case studies implies that quest-based learning can drive an entire course design with positive results and provides a design model for others to adopt and build from.
Games and gaming constructs have emerged as a tantalizing and often provocative tool for instructional delivery. Methods and pedagogy for effectively employing games, like quest-based learning, as educational tools are developing. This chapter explores the use of game-based pedagogy for a pre-service teacher education course, as well the development of a quest-based learning management system (3D GameLab) to support the class. The chapter is grounded in design-based research, and discusses four phases of development and theory generation. In each of these phases, the quest-based learning management system, course curriculum, and gamebased pedagogy were subject to the same iterative process to test and generate new theory toward game-based/quest-based learning.
This unique take on quests, incorporating literary and digital theory, provides an excellent resource for game developers. Focused on both the theory and practice of the four main aspects of quests (spaces, objects, actors, and challenges) each theoretical section is followed by a practical section that contains exercises using the Neverwinter Nights Aurora Toolset. Howard has created a Syllabus, designed for a college-level course, that instructors can use and modify as desired.
Objectives
The scoping review has become increasingly popular as a form of knowledge synthesis. However, a lack of consensus on scoping review terminology, definition, methodology, and reporting limits the potential of this form of synthesis. In this article, we propose recommendations to further advance the field of scoping review methodology.
Study Design and Setting
We summarize current understanding of scoping review publication rates, terms, definitions, and methods. We propose three recommendations for clarity in term, definition and methodology.
Results
We recommend adopting the terms “scoping review” or “scoping study” and the use of a proposed definition. Until such time as further guidance is developed, we recommend the use of the methodological steps outlined in the Arksey and O'Malley framework and further enhanced by Levac et al. The development of reporting guidance for the conduct and reporting of scoping reviews is underway.
Conclusion
Consistency in the proposed domains and methodologies of scoping reviews, along with the development of reporting guidance, will facilitate methodological advancement, reduce confusion, facilitate collaboration and improve knowledge translation of scoping review findings.
This paper focuses on scoping studies, an approach to reviewing the literature which to date has received little attention in the research methods literature. We distinguish between different types of scoping studies and indicate where these stand in relation to full systematic reviews. We outline a framework for conducting a scoping study based on our recent experiences of reviewing the literature on services for carers for people with mental health problems. Where appropriate, our approach to scoping the field is contrasted with the procedures followed in systematic reviews. We emphasize how including a consultation exercise in this sort of study may enhance the results, making them more useful to policy makers, practitioners and service users. Finally, we consider the advantages and limitations of the approach and suggest that a wider debate is called for about the role of the scoping study in relation to other types of literature reviews.
In this paper, I discuss a way to teach game design in the undergraduate literature classroom by having students transform literary narratives into interpretative quests. This argument contributes to a recent theoretical and practical discussion of quests by scholars of games studies such as Aarseth [2004], Juul [2005], Tosca [2003], and Tronstad [2001]. According to these theorists, a "quest" in a game is a goal-oriented activity in which players overcome challenges to enact a series of events and their meanings. I apply and extend this theoretical discussion to create an assignment with two parts. The first part is a six page design document that describes the components of a game, with emphasis on how the player will act out an interpretation of a theme in a novel. In this design document, students design the rules, puzzles, objects, and spaces of the quest and analyze the meanings that the player will be enacting in each part. In the prototype, students construct a small multimedia demonstration of their game concepts using technologies such the Aurora Toolset, Dreamweaver, and Flash. By adapting works of literature into quests, students learn to create meaning actively rather than absorbing it passively. This paper contributes to the field of game design in education by describing a theoretically sophisticated and practical way to teach literary interpretation using game design.
Researchers has pointed out that educational game frameworks are still required more investigations to facilitate the harmony of game and learning, as well as its practical use in educational settings. In this paper, we propose a quest-driven learning model (1) to address the design issue how to blend learning tasks with game quests. (2) to explore its educational benefits on students’ goal setting and continual participation. To this end, a game-based environment, named Quest Island, is implemented based on this quest-driven learning model. In addition, an experiment was also conducted in a primary class to evaluate its effectiveness on three dimensions: goal setting, attempted quest, and accomplished rate. The questionnaire results showed that game quests can contribute to students’ goal content and goal intensity. Data of attempted quests also supported game quests’ positive influence on goal setting. However, students’ academic achievements did not reveal significant differences between the two versions with and without game quests.
The paper will explore how the landscape types and the quest types are used in various games, how they structure the gameplay,
how they act as bones for the game-content (graphics, dialogue, sound) and how they sometimes form the base on which a story
is imposed and related to the player. The question then becomes, how does the quest structure influence the story structure?
How do the limitations of the quest combinations limit the kinds of story that are possible? How rich can the imposed story
be, without breaking the gameplay? Are landscape and quest-structure the dominant factors in quest game design, to which the
story-ambitions must defer? The main thesis of the paper is that if we understand the powerful but simple structure – the
grammar – of quests (how they work, how they are used) we can understand both the limits and the potential of these kinds
of games.
The study explores how the design of quest types and different players’ gaming motivations might affect knowledge acquisitions
in an online role-playing game environment. An experiment was conducted to collect data. The results showed that “immersion
motivation” had the most significant influence on knowledge acquisitions. The bounty-collection quest significantly affected
the procedure knowledge of subjects with high immersion motivation, whereas the fed express quest affected declarative knowledge
of subjects with high immersion motivation.
An empirical model of player motivations in online games provides the foundation to understand and assess how players differ from one another and how motivations of play relate to age, gender, usage patterns, and in-game behaviors. In the current study, a factor analytic approach was used to create an empirical model of player motivations. The analysis revealed 10 motivation subcomponents that grouped into three overarching components (achievement, social, and immersion). Relationships between motivations and demographic variables (age, gender, and usage patterns) are also presented.
Gameplay engagement and learning in game-based learning
- Abdul Jabbar
- A I Felicia
Gamification: Questing to integrate content knowledge, literacy, and 21st-century learning
- T L Kingsley
- M M Grabner-Hagen
Meeting the review family: Exploring review types and associated information retrieval requirements
- A Sutton
- M Clowes
- L Preston
- A Booth
Gamifying French language learning: A case study examining a quest-based, augmented reality mobile learning-tool
- B Perry
Narrative across media: The languages of storytelling
- E Aarseth
Pre-service teachers’ responses to quest-based learning in a mandatory communication technology course
- L Beaudin
- O Ratther
Differences in student motivation and orientation between quest-based and traditional college-level courses
- J Lambert
The quest” narrative for K12 game-based Learning: A case study of using “the quest” as a model for game-based learning design for K12 teachers
- M Dickey
Quest-based learning: A new approach to preservice teacher technology instruction
- J Lambert
- J Ennis
EndNote [Computer software
- Clarivate
Using quests in project-based learning
- M Farber
The quest game-frame: balancing serious games for investigating privacy decisions
- P Jost