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Banana fibers camouflaging as a gut worm in a 6-month-old infant
Abstract
Worm infestation issue is a common health condition observed mostly in Asian countries. The prevalence of worms in children is higher due to the habit of playing in mud or outdoors which is not found in the case of an infant. Very rarely worm infestation is observed in infants. There is a need for an investigation to be carried out for live worms in the stool. Sometimes the change in the diet of the infant, irregular bowel movements, and worm-like things in stool makes an alarming situation. We report the original case of a 6-month-old infant camouflaging for worm infestation due to the presence of the thread-like parasite in stool. The routine stool and chemical analysis of black thread thing from stool revealed solid diet fibers of banana and not any parasitic infection.
... These traditional foods can make it easier for probiotics to live and grow by giving them a good place to live. People are already familiar with fermented foods, and they can be added to a normal diet to get probiotics in a way that is easy and generally acceptable [31][32][33][34][35][36] . ...
... This subtopic is about personalized methods in the field of probiotics, with a focus on the role of individual microbiota analysis in guiding probiotic selection and treatment tactics. It looks at the possibility of personalized probiotic interventions that are based on a person's unique microbiome and health state [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] . ...
Probiotics have become a potential way to change the microbiota, which allows for more personalized ways to improve health results. This abstract gives an outline of the most important parts of personalized microbiota regulation through probiotics. It focuses on effectiveness and mechanisms, clinical applications, safety and tolerability, formulations and delivery methods, and customized approaches. Many studies have looked into how and why probiotics change the microbiome. These studies show that probiotics can change the makeup and function of microbial communities. Probiotics have been shown to help treat a number of health problems, such as digestive problems, immune system problems, metabolic problems, and mental health problems. It is important for the success of probiotics to find out if they are safe and can be tolerated. Studies have shown that probiotics are usually safe for most people, but there are some things that need to be taken into account to make sure they are safe, especially for people who are weak. Formulations and transport methods are very important for making sure that probiotics are alive, stable, and delivered to the right places in the GI tract. Probiotic strains work better in the gut because of improvements in how probiotic preparation technologies protect and control the release of probiotic strains. Personalized methods take into account how each person's microbiome and health are different. By using individual microbiota profiling, custom probiotic approaches can be made to address specific microbial imbalances and promote a healthier microbial environment, which could improve treatment results. Even though individual methods show promise, there are still problems, such as the need to standardize microbiota profiling techniques, figure out how to understand data, and keep track of people over time. For personalized probiotics to reach their full potential and change the way patients are cared for based on the microbiota-host relationship, more study, technological advances, and teamwork are needed. In conclusion, probiotics can be used to change your microbiome in a way that is specific to you and your health goals. By using the power of individualized microbiota profiling, personalized probiotic treatments might be able to help with certain health problems and make the microbial environment better. Putting personalized probiotics into clinical practice and changing the way patients are cared for will require more study and partnerships between different fields.
... An important part of public health, environmental justice stresses the importance of eliminating these inequalities and guaranteeing everyone the chance to grow up in a safe and secure setting. This investigation illuminates the methods, ramifications, and avenues toward equitable health by delving into the complex connection between community health, environmental justice, and cancer prevention 33 . ...
Comprehensive studies into the various causes of this ubiquitous disease have been prompted by the worldwide increase in cancer incidence. There are many potential causes of cancer, but environmental factors are of particular concern now. This abstract explores the complex link between environmental factors and the growing cancer epidemic, shedding light on the role that our immediate environment plays in the emergence of cancers. The environment can contain carcinogenic agents that gradually influence the course of cancer, including air pollutants, water contaminants, workplace exposures, and industrial activities. The ways through which environmental carcinogens may cause DNA damage and unchecked cell proliferation are discussed in this abstract. Environmental justice and the moral necessity to reduce inequities in exposure and health effects are highlighted to underline the disproportionate impact on vulnerable groups. The study presented here highlights the need for preemptive action to reduce environmental risks. Society can reduce the hidden threat posed by environmental carcinogens through strict legislation, sustainable practices, and community-driven initiatives. In order to lessen the cancer burden and secure a healthier future for all, the authors of this abstract argue that there must be a concerted effort to create surroundings that promote health and well-being.
... Their ability to reduce inflammation, stop cell growth, and change the immune system makes them good treatment targets. But more study is needed to find out their exact ways of working, the best ways to control their production, and how safe and good they are at preventing adenoma colon cancer in different groups of people [26][27][28][29][30][31]. ...
New research suggests that gut microbiota helps adenoma colon cancer spread worldwide. This study seeks therapeutic microbiota changes to prevent adenoma colon cancer anddiscusses their drawbacks. Prebiotics feed good bacteria and promote the formationof short-chain fatty acids, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Topromote healthy gut bacteria and reduce adenoma risk, fiber-rich diets and particulardietary interventions are being researched. FMT (fecal microbiota transplantation) may help restore gut flora and prevent adenomacolon cancer, according to the study. FMT transfers healthy donor feces to patients to restoremicrobial diversity. Different gut flora, persons, and therapies make it tricky todrawconclusions. Personalizing therapeutic approaches to each person’s microbiota, host
features, and genetic factors can improve treatment. Changing microorganisms may prevent adenoma colon cancer. Probiotics, prebiotics, dietary modifications, FMT, and bacteriametabolites may assist. More research is needed to determine the best ways to aid, solvedifficulties, and personalize methods. We can prevent adenoma colon cancer and improvepublic health by learning more about gut flora and optimizing treatment methods.
... The study of vaccinology has been significantly advanced by the development of recombinant protein vaccines, vaccinations based on viral vectors, and vaccines based on nucleic acids (such as mRNA vaccines). These technologies provide increased vaccine stability, accelerated timescales for development, and the possibility of addressing a wider variety of viral diseases.In addition, the utilization of viral vectors or nucleic acids enables the delivery of certain viral antigens, which in turn stimulates a powerful and specifically directed immune response[45,46].10 Antiviral Pathogenesis and Interventions: New Understandings and Developments Citation: Neha Singh., et al. "Antiviral Pathogenesis and Interventions: New Understandings and Developments". ...
... The study of vaccinology has been significantly advanced by the development of recombinant protein vaccines, vaccinations based on viral vectors, and vaccines based on nucleic acids (such as mRNA vaccines). These technologies provide increased vaccine stability, accelerated timescales for development, and the possibility of addressing a wider variety of viral diseases.In addition, the utilization of viral vectors or nucleic acids enables the delivery of certain viral antigens, which in turn stimulates a powerful and specifically directed immune response[45,46].10 Antiviral Pathogenesis and Interventions: New Understandings and Developments Citation: Neha Singh., et al. "Antiviral Pathogenesis and Interventions: New Understandings and Developments". ...
The urgent desire to reduce the health risks associated with viral infections is driving significant progress in the study of viral
pathogenesis and antibiotic treatments. Insights into viral pathogenesis processes and promising new approaches to antimicrobial
intervention are the goals of this extensive review. The first part of the paper is a comprehensive analysis of viral pathogenesis, which
includes viral entrance, replication, and spread in host cells. It investigates the complex molecular processes of viral infections by
exploring the relationships between viral proteins and host factors. It also delves into the intricate immunological responses that viral
infections elicit and how they contribute to viral clearance and disease development. Antimicrobial interventions are discussed next,
with an emphasis on the many strategies used to tackle viral infections. Novel targets for antiviral medicines are discussed, as well as
the optimization of treatment regimens. Traditional vaccinations, nucleic acid-based vaccines, and viral vector-based vaccines are all
included in this overview, along with their respective achievements. Also discussed are immune-based therapeutics for treating viral
infections, including the use of monoclonal antibodies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. To better understand viral pathogenesis
and direct antibiotic therapies, molecular methods are crucial. Viral strain identification, therapeutic target discovery, and customized
therapy are just few of the topics covered in this overview of genomes, proteomics, and transcriptomics’ applications in the field of
virus research. Predicting viral evolution, evaluating therapeutic efficacy, and improving treatment regimens are also investigated,
as is the integration of bioinformatics and computer modeling. Significant progress has been achieved, however there are still issues
to be resolved. New viral diseases are constantly being discovered, and old viruses are constantly changing, making it difficult to
keep up with them all and come up with efficient therapies. Antiviral medicines and vaccinations are discussed, along with their
availability, price, and fair distribution. The analysis also highlights promising avenues for future research into viral pathogenesis and
antibiotic treatments. In it, the possibilities of single-cell analysis, systems biology, and high-throughput sequencing technology for
expanding our knowledge of viral infections are discussed. Accelerating the development of antiviral drugs and improving treatment
results might be possible with the combination of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. Detecting and reacting to
new viral risks also requires multidisciplinary efforts and a “One Health” perspective. This study concludes with an extensive account
of the pathophysiology of viruses and the antimicrobial therapies that have been developed to combat them.
... Probiotics can also bring back microbial variety and improve barrier function, which makes it less likely that pathogens will take up residence and cause an infection. Clinical studies have shown that certain strains of probiotics are effective at preventing and treating a number of infectious illnesses, such as stomach and lung infections [32][33][34][35][36][37]. ...
The trillions of bacteria that live in and on our bodies make up the human microbiota, which is a very important part of keeping us healthy and protecting us from pathogenic infections. Dysbiosis is when there are changes in the composition and variety of the microbiota. This can upset the delicate balance between the host and its microbes, making the host more vulnerable to pathogens. Understanding the complicated link between microbiota and pathogens is important for coming up with effective ways to change microbiota and boost the body's defenses against infections. This study looks at how microbiota modulation affects the spread of pathogens and infections. It talks about how the makeup of microbiota affects how susceptible you are to pathogens. It shows how a healthy microbiota can protect you by making it hard for pathogens to grow and take over. The review also goes into detail about how the microbiota protects against pathogens, such as through competitive exclusion, the production of antimicrobial compounds, and the regulation of immune reactions. The study also looks at the idea of dysbiosis and how it is linked to pathogenic shifts. Disruptions in the microbiota can make it easier for pathogens to grow and make it harder for the host to fight off infections. It focuses on the need to recover microbial balance to improve the host's defenses and lower risks caused by pathogens. There is also talk about the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as ways to change the microbiome. The goal of these interventions is to restore the diversity and function of microbes, improve the integrity of barriers, and boost the immune system's reaction to pathogens. The review shows how these methods could be used to change the microbiota and make it easier for the body to fight off infections. In conclusion, knowing how the microbiota and pathogens work together in a complicated way can help a lot when it comes to making specific interventions for microbiota modulation. Strategies that restore the balance of microbes and boost the host's defenses could stop pathogens from taking over and making people sick. More study needs to be done in this area to improve therapeutic approaches and use the microbiota to its fullest extent to fight infectious diseases.
... Biomarkers could help predict which patients are most likely to benefit from probiotic therapy and track how well treatments are working. Molecular markers in the gut bacteria, the immune system of the host, and the microenvironment of the tumor could be good predictors of how well a treatment is working and help choose probiotics for specific interventions [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. ...
Probiotics are now being looked at as a possible addition to cancer treatments in both study and clinical settings. This study tries to give an overview of probiotic research as it relates to cancer, with a focus on how it might help avoid cancer, treat it, and improve the health of cancer patients. We look at developmental studies that use cell culture and animal models to look at how well probiotics work in cancer. We focus on how probiotics change the immune system, inflammation, and gut bacteria. The results of clinical studies that looked at probiotics as an add-on therapy for cancer patients are looked at to see how they affected the treatment success, side effects, and quality of life of the patients. We look at the possible benefits of probiotics for certain types of cancer, such as colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and stomach tumors. We also find the best probiotic strains for each type of cancer. We also look at the synergistic benefits of combining probiotics with standard cancer treatments like chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy to improve the effectiveness of treatment and lower side effects. Lastly, we talk about the present problems and future directions of probiotic research for cancer. We focus on personalized methods, ideal doses and treatment plans, finding signs of treatment success, and making probiotic-based therapies. By learning more about how probiotics could be used to treat cancer, we can create personalized, successful, and well-tolerated probiotic treatments to improve cancer outcomes.
... As a result, tailored interventions and enhanced treatment results are both possible as a result of these models and even in the probiotics and food sector. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] There are now obstacles in the way that AI is being applied to customized medicine, namely in the areas of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Integration of diverse and extensive information, such as genetic data and clinical records, is necessary for the development of accurate and reliable models. ...
Personalized medicine, medication discovery, and development might all benefit greatly from AI's incorporation into pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Target identification, therapeutic effectiveness prediction, drug design optimization, obstacles, and future possibilities are all explored in this survey of AI applications in these areas. An overview of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is presented first, stressing the significance of knowing how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted and the correlation between drug concentration and pharmacological effect. The article then looks into the function of AI in target identification, exploring how machine learning algorithms and data integration may be used to discover new drug targets and enhance the design of existing ones. Classification and regression methods are also investigated for their potential use in the prediction of therapeutic efficacy using AI. Patient data, molecular interaction data, and clinical response data are just a few examples of the types of data that may be used to fuel the creation of predictive models that might assist in dosage and efficacy optimization. Metrics and procedures for validating these models are addressed to evaluate their efficacy. Additionally, de novo drug design, virtual screening, and structure-based drug design are all discussed in relation to the use of AI in optimizing drug development. The paper provides examples of how AI has been applied successfully in different settings, demonstrating its potential to hasten the drug discovery process and enhance treatment outcomes. We examine data availability, interpretability, and ethical implications as challenges and limits of AI in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. To guarantee these technologies' proper and ethical use, we also discuss the regulatory elements and rules for applying AI in drug research. Possibilities and prospects for the use of AI in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are discussed as a conclusion to the review. It stresses the significance of regulatory standards and clinical translation, as well as the incorporation of multiomics data, deep learning methods, real-time monitoring, explainable artificial intelligence, collaborative networks, and more.
... [3] A few other similar cases have been reported as well earlier in a 6 months old infant and 14 month old child. [4,5] Banana contains cellulose as a major fiber type, and thus may be easily mistaken for long worm-like threads by parents [6,7]. This case study highlights the misconception of having worm in stool at first sight by parents. ...
... But the most concerning part is its short shelf life, as the formulation will prepare to deteriorate by a change in temperature and various storage conditions [4,[27][28][29][30][31][32]. Many studies revealed that the colony-forming unit (CFU) per gram value above 10 8 counts is found to show the health bene ts [5][6][7][8][9][10]33]. But it is found that, during the storage condition, the CFU level falls below the threshold, resulting in zero pharmacological activities [11]. ...
Lactobacillus (LAB) genera are considered important functional food but are found to have a short shelf life. In this study, two LAB, Lactobacillus plantarum (Lp) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lr), were isolated from sheep's milk, and whole-genome sequencing was carried out by using 16s rRNA Illumina Nextseq, the Netherlands. e LAB were encapsulated by the lyo-philisation technique using di erent lyoprotective pharmaceutical excipients. is process was carried out using a freeze dryer (U-TECH, Star Scienti c Instruments, India). Shelf-life determination was carried out by a 12-month study using the viability survival factor (Vsf). e in vitro cell adhesion technique was carried out by using the red snapper sh along with autoaggregation and cell surface hydrophobicity as vital probiotic properties. It was observed that Lp has a signi cantly higher (P < 0.001) Vsf of 7.2, while Lr has a Vsf of 7 (P < 0.05) when both are encapsulated with 10% maltodextrin + 5% sucrose kept at 4°C for 12 months. e result demonstrated that Lp had signi cantly high (P < 0.05) cell adhesion, 96% ± 1.2 autoaggregation, and 6% cell surface hydro-phobicity as compared to Lr. Moreover, this study demonstrated that lyophilised LAB with lyoprotective excipients enhances shelf life without any changes in probiotic properties when kept at 4°C exhibiting all its probiotic properties.
ABSTRACT
This study emphasizes exhibiting probiotics activities of Lactobacillus, formulation as granules, synthesizing nanoparticle
by using Lactobacillus and demonstrating antimicrobial activity. Probiotics are not only microbes present in milk but also as
are functional food to heal diseases. Four different isolates were obtained from sheep milk. These microbe’s growth profile
was observed in different animal milk, and some biochemical studies were conducted. All four isolates were tested against
gram positive and negative microorganisms like Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus faecalisis,
Staphylococcus aureus etc. The nanoparticles of TiO2 was developed by using LAB via green synthesis. Granules of probiotics
were prepared by using maltodextrin as agent by a lyophilization drying technique. The flow properties were studied for the
prepared granule as formulation. The colony forming unit observed in case milk of buffalo was higher (12* X 109
CFU ± 2.5)
which was observed in the other milking animals milk. The four isolates were identified as Lactobacillus (LAB) by Gram
staining, motility catalase activity, along with other biochemical assays. The mimicking in-vitro simulation study showed
higher survival rate in the intestine, demonstrated by bile salt studies. Microbes as a whole showed a good zone of inhibition
as compared to the supernatant. Finally, these isolates have proven to be a good probiotic candidate that can be used as a
natural antibiotic agent as a nutraceutical nominee. Granules exhibit good flow properties in case of all LAB formulations. The
green synthesis of nanoparticles from LAB was observed at the absorption band at 405 to 410 nm using the UV method. LAB
extracted from sheep milk was proven in the current investigation exhibiting as a potential candidate for the future probiotic
antibacterial agent that resists GI environment.
Keywords: Formulation, Evaluation, Probiotics, Lactobacillus, Nanoparticle, Functional food, Antimicrobial
There has been a revolution in crop breeding, the age-old technique of improving plant features for agricultural and nutritional purposes. The merging of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and genetics is the driving force behind these changes. The combination of AI-driven models, genomic data, and cutting-edge tools like CRISPR-Cas9 to speed up genetic improvements in crops is described in this abstract. From increased disease resistance and production potential to better nutritional content, AI plays a crucial role in the identification and improvement of crop features. The time it takes to review, select, and cross several generations of crops is reduced by AI's data-driven selection, precision editing, and predictive modeling. This innovative tool has the potential to transform farming by helping to combat issues like hunger, climate change, and malnutrition on a worldwide scale. Equal access, protecting genetic variety, and assessing risks are only some of the ethical and regulatory issues raised by AI-enhanced agricultural breeding. Responsible and equitable implementation of AI in agricultural breeding relies on successfully navigating these challenges. Finally, the use of artificial intelligence to improve crop breeding marks a revolutionary change in agriculture, speeding up genetic improvements to meet the needs of a growing global population while also addressing urgent environmental and nutritional concerns. This abstract provides a taste of the promise, difficulty, and ethical questions that characterize this innovative subject, where artificial intelligence and genetics join forces to grow a better future for agricultural production around the world.
Tobacco use is bad for your health in many ways, not just your lungs. It affects many other parts of your body, including your nervous system. This abstract looks at the link between smoking and the nervous system and shows how smoking affects the nerve system in specific ways. There are a lot of different diseases and risks that can come from smoking. By weakening blood vessels and making it easier for blood clots to form, smoking makes the chance of having a stroke much higher. Using tobacco is also linked to a drop in brain function and memory problems, as well as a higher chance of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and dementia. Also, people who smoke have a higher chance of getting multiple sclerosis, which is a long-term autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. It can also cause peripheral neuropathy, which can damage nerves and cause tingling, pain, and stiffness in the limbs. Nicotine, the substance that makes tobacco addicting, changes the brain's reward circuits. This makes it hard to stop smoking because it leads to addiction. In addition to these effects on the body, smoking also has effects on the mind. It makes mood disorders like sadness and anxiety more likely, making the symptoms worse and hurting general health. Understanding the effects of smoking on the brain is important for improving overall health and getting people to stop smoking. Public health efforts, education, and targeted interventions are needed to make people aware of these risks and help them make choices about smoking that are based on accurate information. By looking at how smoking affects the brain, we can try to make people's lives better and protect their and their communities' well-being.
Concerns have been made about how children's health and psychology could be hurt by the growing
number of mobile apps they use. This abstract looks at intervention methods and best practices for getting kids
to use mobile apps in a healthy way, find a balance with technology, and build up their resilience. Key points
include promoting digital literacy and critical thinking, setting clear boundaries and rules, encouraging digital
balance, modeling healthy tech habits, building resilience and coping skills, encouraging face-to-face
communication, setting up tech-free times and spaces, monitoring app usage and content, promoting
mindfulness and self-reflection, and getting professional help when needed. By using these tactics, parents,
teachers, and other caretakers can help kids build a healthy relationship with technology, live a balanced life,
and build the resilience they need to handle the challenges of the digital world. The goal of these interventions
is to make sure that kids' app use is good for their general health, helps them learn and get along with others,
and sets them up for long-term success in the digital age.
This study emphasizes exhibiting probiotics activities of Lactobacillus, formulation as granules, synthesizing nanoparticle by using Lactobacillus and demonstrating antimicrobial activity. Probiotics are not only microbes present in milk but also as are functional food to heal diseases. Four different isolates were obtained from sheep milk. These microbe’s growth profile was observed in different animal milk, and some biochemical studies were conducted. All four isolates were tested against gram positive and negative microorganisms like Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Enterococcus faecalisis, Staphylococcus aureus etc. The nanoparticles of TiO2 was developed by using LAB via green synthesis. Granules of probiotics were prepared by using maltodextrin as agent by a lyophilization drying technique. The flow properties were studied for the prepared granule as formulation. The colony forming unit observed in case milk of buffalo was higher (12* X 109 CFU ± 2.5) which was observed in the other milking animals milk. The four isolates were identified as Lactobacillus (LAB) by Gram staining, motility catalase activity, along with other biochemical assays. The mimicking in-vitro simulation study showed higher survival rate in the intestine, demonstrated by bile salt studies. Microbes as a whole showed a good zone of inhibition as compared to the supernatant. Finally, these isolates have proven to be a good probiotic candidate that can be used as a natural antibiotic agent as a nutraceutical nominee. Granules exhibit good flow properties in case of all LAB formulations. The green synthesis of nanoparticles from LAB was observed at the absorption band at 405 to 410 nm using the UV method. LAB extracted from sheep milk was proven in the current investigation exhibiting as a potential candidate for the future probiotic antibacterial agent that resists GI environment.
The stability of the gut barrier is very important for keeping the gut healthy and stopping dangerous substances from getting into the bloodstream. Several diseases, including cancer, have been linked to the gut barrier being broken. Live bacteria called probiotics that are good for the host have been shown to have the ability to improve the gut barrier and lower the risk of cancer in the gastrointestinal system. This review looks at how probiotics affect the health of the gut barrier and what that might mean for preventing cancer. Researchers have found that probiotics strengthen the connections between intestine cells, encourage the production of protective mucins, and change the make-up and balance of the gut bacteria. These processes help keep the gut barrier strong and stop harmful chemicals from getting into the bloodstream. Probiotics may help lower the chance of cancer by reducing inflammation throughout the body and protecting the GI tract from harmful substances. But more study is needed to fully understand the benefits of different probiotic strains, the best amounts to take, and how they affect the health of the gut barrier. Understanding how probiotics, the health of the gut barrier, and the risk of cancer all work together can help us come up with new ways to avoid and treat cancer.
The relationship between child psychology and the widespread usage of mobile devices
in the modern day is examined in "The Mobile Dilemma: Child Psychology and the Era of
Technological Dependence." The abstract serves as a brief synopsis of the work, highlighting its
important ideas and arguments. Concerns concerning the effects of excessive time spent on mobile
devices on children's mental health and development have arisen in this age of technology
dependency. The essay opens by pointing out the importance of investigating the psychological
effects of kids' exposure to mobile gadgets. The effects of mobile phone addiction on learning,
memory, and social and emotional health are investigated. The neurodevelopmental implications
are explored further in the abstract, with a focus on the impact of mobile technology on brain
plasticity and the formation of the developing brain. It offers advice on how to establish appropriate
limits for children's screen time, encourages the development of digital literacy, and promotes
responsible behavior. The pros and cons of using mobile devices in the classroom are also examined,
along with their effects on students' ability to study and the risks and difficulties that could arise
from implementing such a strategy. The emotional and social impacts of mobile device addiction
are discussed in the abstract. This includes the impact on one's social life, empathy, ability to
communicate, and sense of self-worth. The abstract also stresses the importance of interdisciplinary
efforts involving parents, teachers, psychologists, and legislators to combat mobile device addiction
through intervention and preventative techniques. Future directions are highlighted, with a focus
on topics such as mobile technology development, digital well-being, privacy protection, mental
health implications, screen time limits, digital literacy, and the impact of cultural and socioeconomic
variables.
The injuries and its infections are the most painful form of trauma. Wound infections are the growth of
microorganisms within the wound area. This infection causes the body’s immune system, inflammation and damages the tissue
within the wound site. Hence, there is an immense need to formulate new dressing materials for wound dressing application.
To know more about new dressing material working it is need of time to study the mechanism of wound healing. Today’s review
focus on mechanism of wound healing, wound dressing, new dressing material and necessity of wound dressings.
Keywords: Wound healing, dressing material
The injuries and its infections are the most painful form of trauma. Wound infections are the growth of microorganisms within the wound area. This infection causes the body’s immune system, inflammation and damages the tissue within the wound site. Hence, there is an immense need to formulate new dressing materials for wound dressing application. To know more about new dressing material working it is need of time to study the mechanism of wound healing. Today’s review focus on mechanism of wound healing, wound dressing, new dressing material and necessity of wound dressings. Keywords: Wound healing, dressing material
Breastfeeding, as exclusive nutrition in the first six months of life, is a necessary nutritional requisite in infants. Except for very few maternal diseases that contraindicate breastfeeding, some of which still controversial, breastfeeding mothers must continue exclusive and sustained lactation to provide maximum overall benefits through breastfeeding. Parasitic infections is a global disease and children remain a significant proportion of the affected population. The complex and mandatory life cycles of some parasites, particularly the helminths may partly explain their geographical distribution. The world-wide prevalence of parasitic infections as well as the largely asymptomatic nature of most infections, make many of these infections to likely remain under-recognized. Breast milk, the prime infant nutrition must be recognized to be more than a rare vehicle of parasite transmission, but also a general and focused immune defensive tool against some important parasites. The possibility and influence of small quantities of parasite antigens in breast milk have not been adequately explored. It is believed that useful immunological responses both direct and indirect in breast milk that occur due to the presence of parasite antigens, must be further studied in the light of both immediate and long term benefits. Within this context, and prompted by a spectrum of existing uncertainties, researched and hypothetical roles of parasites and associated immunological responses in the lactating mammary gland are proposed and reviewed.
We tested the hypothesis that maternal worm infections in pregnancy affect infant motor and neurocognitive development, and that anthelminthic treatment during pregnancy can reverse these effects. We used measures which examine infant motor, cognitive and executive function, including inhibition. We assessed 983 Ugandan infants aged 15 months, using locally appropriate measures within the Entebbe Mother and Baby Study, a trial of anthelminthic treatment during pregnancy. Key exposures were maternal worm infections and anthelminthic treatment during pregnancy. Effects of other health and social factors were controlled for statistically. Of the five major worm species found in the pregnant women, two had influences on the developmental measures: Maternal Mansonella perstans and Strongyloides stercoralis infections showed negative associations with the A-not B-task, and Language, respectively. Performance on other psychomotor and cognitive measures was associated with illnesses during infancy and infants' behavior during assessment, but not with maternal worm infections. There were no positive effects of maternal anthelminthic treatment on infant abilities. Mansonella perstans and Strongyloides stercoralis infection during pregnancy seem associated with impaired early executive function and language, respectively, but single-dose anthelminthic treatment during pregnancy was not beneficial. The biological mechanisms that could underlie these neurocognitive effects are discussed. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1019-1030).
The uses of microbes as functional food maintain health and prevent many disease and disorder. The isolation and research of new strains of probiotic strains especially lactobacilli proven to be useful to satisfy the increasing demand of the population. In the current study, the probiotic potential of Lactobacillus strains isolated from sheep milk was investigated. The Lactobacillus strains were identified and evaluated for tolerance against gastric acidity and bile toxicity, along with the adhesion to HT-29 cells. The study proved the antimicrobial activities and antibiotic susceptibility. Survival of the strains through the host intestine was examined by the 12 week Wister rat feeding and faecal analysis trial. The in-vivo trials not only proved the adhesion but also the survival of the Lactobacillus plantarum MCC 3595 inside the intestinal lumen of the host. Thus, the isolated strain can act as the functional food by the further clinical investigation.
Four types of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from sheep milk and identified by physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. These LAB were thrived in the milk of cow, buffalo, goat, and sheep and hence characterized for colony forming unit (cfu). It is revealed that in case of buffalo milk the cfu count was found higher ∼14 × 10¹⁰ cfu mL⁻¹ comparative to other milk treated samples. Thus, this was further selected for various stress tolerance studies such as in vitro bile salt, pH, and other biochemical studies. The shelf life of LAB was also studied and found to be enhanced by encapsulation using maltodextrin and starch (2:1) by spray dry technique. The effect of maintenance temperature on shelf life stability of encapsulated LAB was found highest; 82 ± 2.5% at 4 °C after 12 months study as compared to 37 °C.
Evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum growth in milk of Indian buffalo breeds based on its physico-chemical content
- A Patil
- J Disouza
- S Pawar
Patil A, Disouza J, Pawar S. Evaluation of Lactobacillus plantarum growth
in milk of Indian buffalo breeds based on its physico-chemical content. Buffalo
Bull. 2019;38:345-52.